Hydrogen generation apparatus for constant rate reaction

Abstract

Disclosed is a hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-speed reaction, wherein a tank body stores water; at least one hydrolysis hydrogen generation unit is immersed in the water in the tank body; a storage part includes a bottom wall and a side wall extending upward from the bottom wall, the side wall encloses a containing space containing a hydrolysis hydrogen generation material, the containing space has a first cross section; a gas spouting part is a hollow structure having a second cross section, one end of the hollow structure is connected to the storage part, and the other end is a gas spouting port for releasing hydrogen and introducing water; and the ratio of the first cross section to the second cross section is such that the water flowing from the gas spouting port and the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen generation material reach pressure equilibrium.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new energy and hydrogen energy solid-state storage technology, and in particular, a hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the development and utilization of hydrogen energy, hydrogen storage materials have been extensively studied to solve the problems of hydrogen storage and use. Hydrogen electrolysis storage materials store hydrogen in the form of compounds. The raw materials react with water to produce high-purity hydrogen, which can be used as a hydrogen source for hydrogen fuel cells. Hydrogen electrolysis materials are widely available; almost any material that can react with water to produce hydrogen can be considered as a raw material for the hydrolysis reaction. These materials often react violently with water, exhibiting characteristics such as extremely fast hydrogen production rates, high calorific value, uncontrollable reactions, and flammability / explosiveness, posing significant challenges in practical production. The core issue in using hydrogen electrolysis materials is solving the reaction control problem. Generally, the material reacts rapidly with water in an explosive reaction, accompanied by a large amount of heat dissipation. Micron-level surface treatment of the material can mitigate the reaction, but for practical use, stable release remains difficult to meet actual requirements, and heat tends to concentrate, making heat dissipation a difficult problem to solve. While a constant-volume solid feed method can theoretically achieve stable output, the feed method and device design are complex, and gas sealing issues need to be considered, ultimately increasing the mass of the generating device significantly. This invention addresses the problem of hydrolytic hydrogen storage materials exhibiting violent divergent reactions in water. By utilizing the principle of water-gas balance, a micro-hydrolysis reaction generating device is designed, which can largely solve the problem of unstable release of active hydrolytic hydrogen storage materials, providing a solution for the application of such hydrolytic hydrogen storage materials.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background section is only intended to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may contain information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention proposes a hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reactions. It is suitable for the constant-rate hydrogen release from highly reactive, high-heat-reacting, and low-density active metals and hydride hydrolysis hydrogenation materials. It is also suitable for the harmless treatment of some hydrolysis hydrogenation material wastes, while providing more design flexibility for controlling the heat of hydrogen release from such materials.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for a constant-rate reaction includes:

[0006] A tank containing water;

[0007] At least one hydrolysis hydrogen generation unit is immersed in water within the tank, the hydrolysis hydrogen generation unit comprising,

[0008] The storage section includes a bottom wall and side walls extending upward from the bottom wall, the side walls enclosing a storage space for containing hydrolytic hydrogen material having a first cross-section;

[0009] The gas jet section is a hollow structure with a second cross-section. One end of the hollow structure is connected to the storage section, and the other end is a gas nozzle for releasing hydrogen and introducing water. The ratio of the first cross-section to the second cross-section is such that the water flowing in from the gas nozzle and the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen material reach pressure equilibrium.

[0010] In the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the first cross-section is greater than or equal to the second cross-section.

[0011] In the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the gas jet section is connected to the storage section via a neck with a gradually increasing cross-section.

[0012] In the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, both the storage section and the gas injection section are cylindrical structures, and the neck is a truncated conical structure.

[0013] In the aforementioned hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the material of the storage section is metal, plastic, glass, or ceramic.

[0014] In the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the gas jet is a vertical hollow tube with the gas nozzle facing upwards.

[0015] In the aforementioned hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the hydrolysis hydrogen materials include hydrides and active metals.

[0016] In the aforementioned hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the hydrolysis hydrogen generation material includes Li, Na, LiH, NaH, LiAlH4, NaAlH4, or NaBH4.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention has the following advantages: the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction described in the present invention is simple to operate and effectively solves the problem of controllable release of highly active hydrolysis hydrogen materials; it reduces the hydrogen release rate per unit mass of material; it can alleviate the problem of concentrated release of high temperature and heat during the hydrogen release process; the small-diameter reaction zone facilitates the dissipation of heat generated by the material reaction; the cooling distance of hydrogen during the release process is guaranteed to a certain extent, which facilitates connection to fuel cells or other hydrogen-using devices; and the hydrogen supply can be turned on and off by controlling the water level outside the device. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings.

[0019] In the attached diagram:

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for a constant-rate reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrolysis hydrogen generation unit in a hydrolysis hydrogen generation apparatus for a constant-rate reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the test results of hydrogen release from hydrolysis in a hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for a constant-rate reaction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The following will refer to the appendix. Figures 1 to 3 Specific embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail below. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0025] It should be noted that certain terms are used in the specification and claims to refer to specific components. Those skilled in the art will understand that different terms may be used to refer to the same component. This specification and claims do not distinguish components based on differences in terminology, but rather on differences in function. The terms "comprising" or "including" used throughout the specification and claims are open-ended and should be interpreted as "comprising but not limited to." The following descriptions are preferred embodiments for carrying out the invention; however, these descriptions are for the purpose of understanding the general principles of the specification and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The scope of protection of this invention is determined by the appended claims.

[0026] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, further explanations and descriptions will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] To better understand, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the hydrogen generation device for the hydrolysis reaction at a constant rate includes:

[0028] Tank 1, which stores water;

[0029] At least one hydrolysis hydrogen generation unit 2 is immersed in water within the tank 1, and the hydrolysis hydrogen generation unit 2 includes...

[0030] The storage section 3 includes a bottom wall and side walls extending upward from the bottom wall, the side walls enclosing a storage space for containing hydrolytic hydrogen material having a first cross-section;

[0031] The gas jet section 4 is a hollow structure with a second cross-section. One end of the hollow structure is connected to the storage section 3, and the other end is a gas jet 5 for releasing hydrogen and introducing water. The ratio of the first cross-section to the second cross-section is such that the water flowing in from the gas jet 5 and the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen material reach pressure equilibrium.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the first cross-section is larger than the second cross-section.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the gas jet 4 is connected to the storage section 3 via a neck with a gradually increasing cross-section.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the storage section 3 and the gas injection section 4 are both cylindrical structures, and the neck is a truncated conical structure.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the material of the storage section 3 is metal, plastic, glass, or ceramic.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the gas jet 4 is a vertical hollow tube with the gas nozzle 5 facing upwards.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the hydrolysis hydrogen material includes hydrides and active metals.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction, the hydrolysis hydrogen generation material includes Li, Na, LiH, NaH, LiAlH4, NaAlH4, or NaBH4.

[0039] In one embodiment, the water-decomposition hydrogen generation unit 2 has an axisymmetric structure.

[0040] In one embodiment, the water stored in the tank comprises an alcohol solution that reacts with the hydrogen-releasing material.

[0041] In one embodiment, the storage section 3 and the air jet section 4 are coaxial.

[0042] In one embodiment, the hydrolysis hydrogen generation device for constant-rate reaction has a gas nozzle 5 of a certain diameter and a storage zone of a certain diameter, depending on the characteristics of the hydrogen-releasing feedstock. The storage zone diameter varies according to different storage requirements, and the diameter of the storage zone is related to, and can be equal to, the diameter of the gas nozzle 5. The designed device structure has low material requirements and can be made of metal, plastic, glass, ceramic, etc., but must have a certain degree of water resistance. The material used to fill the storage zone is powder compaction or molding. This is beneficial for hydrolysis hydrogenation and its control. During use, the entire device is placed inside a tank 1, below the water surface, upright, with the gas nozzle 5 facing upwards.

[0043] After the device containing the hydrogen release material is placed underwater, water flows into the pipe through the gas nozzle 5. Under normal circumstances, pressure equilibrium can be achieved. However, when water comes into contact with the hydrogen release material, hydrogen gas is produced, and the reacting material begins to expand, creating pressure that causes the gas and reacted material to be discharged through the pipe. As the pressure drops, water re-enters and comes into contact with new material. This process also carries away local heat. Since the diameter of the gas nozzle 5 is fixed, the water inlet and outlet outlet achieve a balanced exchange process. The amount of water that can come into contact with the material is kept constant, and hydrogen gas is discharged stably, thus making the hydrogen release process of the material controllable.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The diagram shows the test results of hydrogen release experiment using the device. The results show that the hydrogen flow rate is stable over time and the cumulative flow rate is linear. The hydrogen release time of 5 grams of sample reaches 24 minutes.

[0045] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments and application fields described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms based on the guidance of this specification and without departing from the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention, and all of these are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for generating hydrogen through hydrolysis in a constant-rate reaction, characterized in that, It includes, A tank containing water; At least one hydrolysis hydrogen generation unit is immersed in water within the tank, the hydrolysis hydrogen generation unit comprising, The storage section includes a bottom wall and side walls extending upward from the bottom wall, the side walls enclosing a storage space for containing hydrolytic hydrogen material having a first cross-section; The gas jet section is a hollow structure with a second cross section. One end of the hollow structure is connected to the storage section, and the other end is a gas jet nozzle for releasing hydrogen and introducing water. The ratio of the first cross section to the second cross section is such that the water flowing in from the gas jet nozzle and the hydrogen generated by the hydrolysis hydrogen material reach pressure balance. in, The generating device is easy to operate; The diameter of the storage area is related to and equal to the diameter of the gas nozzle; the material filled into the device is powder compacted or pressed into shape and then filled into the storage area; this is beneficial for the hydrolysis of hydrogen and its control. After the device containing the hydrogen release material is placed underwater, water flows into the pipe through the gas nozzle. Under normal circumstances, pressure balance is achieved. However, when the water comes into contact with the hydrogen release material, hydrogen gas is produced and the reacting material begins to expand, creating pressure that causes the gas and reacted material to be discharged through the pipe. As the pressure drops, water re-enters and comes into contact with new material. This process also carries away local heat. Since the diameter of the gas nozzle is fixed, the water inlet and outlet outlet achieve a balanced exchange process. The amount of water that can come into contact with the material is kept constant, and the hydrogen gas is discharged stably, thus making the hydrogen release process of the material controllable. The first cross-section is equal to the second cross-section; The material storage section and the air injection section are coaxial; The hydrogen flow rate remained stable over time during the release process, and the cumulative flow rate showed good linearity. The hydrogen generation unit of hydrolysis has an axisymmetric structure; The material of the storage compartment is metal, glass, or ceramic; The air jet section is a vertical hollow tube with the air nozzle facing upwards; Hydrogen-degrading materials include Li, Na, LiH, NaH, LiAlH4, or NaAlH4; The water stored in the tank includes an alcohol solution that reacts with the hydrogen-releasing material.

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