Double-hole wind shaft single-side filling condition under the method and structure of mid-partition wall reinforcement

Abstract

The application provides a method and structure for reinforcing a middle partition wall under the condition of single-side filling of a double-hole air shaft, comprising: installing multiple layers of spaced distribution floor plates along the height direction of the wall; when the wall is filled with water and soil on one side, a multiple-span transverse stress one-way plate structure is formed between the wall and the multiple layers of floor plates; pouring sealing material in each hole to keep each hole sealed; locally thickening the part of the middle partition wall that cannot meet the bearing capacity requirement to form a thickened layer on the side of the wall close to the water and soil; setting a rib plate on the side of the wall away from the water and soil, one end of the rib plate being fixed on a base and the other end being fixed on a floor plate, the rib plate being not lower than the middle of the wall; anchoring the floor plate at the middle of the wall and connecting the rib plate; forming a structure on the side of the wall close to the water and soil, the structure being soil-sealed but water-unsealed; and forming a backfill layer at the bottom of the wall to strengthen the bottom constraint of the middle partition wall. The application can effectively enhance the strength of the middle partition wall and improve the reliability of the middle partition wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, specifically to a method and structure for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-tunnel ventilation shaft. Background Technology

[0002] As is well known, tunnels are structures built underground, underwater, or within mountains to carry railways or highways for motor vehicles. The construction process of tunnels mainly involves tunnel planning, surveying, design, breakthrough control surveying, and construction. Therefore, both the construction and use of tunnels are tedious and complex.

[0003] Currently, in shield tunnels designed with central partition walls, the central partition wall, as a structure that physically separates the left and right driving spaces, is the central structure and an important load-bearing component of the tunnel structure. Its stress and displacement often play a decisive role in the success or failure and safety of the tunnel project, so it is very important to reinforce the central partition wall.

[0004] However, under the condition of single-sided backfilling in a double-cavity ventilation shaft structure, the pressure on both sides of the central partition wall is different, which can easily lead to one side of the central partition wall being subjected to greater lateral water and soil pressure, causing it to tilt or even collapse. However, the current research on reinforcing the central partition wall in the industry is still in the laboratory test stage. The test conditions are quite different from the actual working conditions, and it is not feasible to apply it to actual construction. Therefore, how to strengthen the central partition wall in actual construction to reduce the risk of tilting or collapse is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and structure for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-cavity ventilation shaft.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for reinforcing a central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-hole ventilation shaft is provided. The central partition wall includes a base and a wall extending upward from the base, wherein the wall has multiple holes distributed thereon, and water and soil are filled on one side of the wall. The reinforcement method includes:

[0007] Multiple layers of slabs are installed along the height of the wall, with vertical spacing. When one side of the wall is filled with soil and water, the wall and the multiple layers of slabs form a multi-span transversely stressed one-way slab structure.

[0008] Fill each hole with sealing material to keep each hole sealed, thereby enhancing the strength of the partition wall;

[0009] For the part of the central partition wall that cannot meet the load-bearing requirements, a local thickening treatment is carried out, forming a thickened layer on the side of the wall closest to the soil and water.

[0010] A rib is installed on the side of the wall away from water and soil. One end of the rib is fixed to the base, and the other end is fixed to the layer plate. The rib is not lower than the mid-span of the wall. The layer plate connected to the rib is anchored at the mid-span of the wall.

[0011] A structure is formed on the side of the wall that is close to the soil and water, and the structure is soil-proof but not water-proof;

[0012] A backfill layer is formed at the bottom of the wall to reduce the bottom span of the partition wall and strengthen the bottom restraint of the partition wall.

[0013] Furthermore, the installation of multiple layers of spaced-apart panels along the height of the wall includes: welding multiple layers of panels to the side of the wall closest to the soil and away from the soil and water, with the multiple layers of panels on both sides aligned one by one.

[0014] Furthermore, the process of pouring sealing material into each hole includes: the plurality of holes being distributed on the wall corresponding to each layer of the slab; pouring concrete of the same grade as the wall into the holes located from the bottom first layer to the second to last layer; and sealing the holes located at the top layer with brick mortar plaster.

[0015] Furthermore, before pouring the sealing material into each hole, the method further includes: inserting reinforcing bars on the side of the wall that bears the lateral pressure from the bottom first layer and the second layer; the inserted reinforcing bars are multiple and include transverse reinforcing bars extending along the width direction of the wall and vertical reinforcing bars extending along the height direction of the wall, wherein the multiple transverse reinforcing bars and the multiple vertical reinforcing bars can respectively cover the multiple holes located in the corresponding layers.

[0016] Furthermore, the portion of the partition wall that cannot meet the load-bearing requirements is locally thickened, forming a thickened layer on the side of the wall closest to the soil and water, wherein: the thickened layer extends upward from the bottom of the wall; the thickness of the wall is d1, and the thickness of the thickened layer is d2, wherein 0.8d1≤d2≤3d1.

[0017] Furthermore, anchoring the layer plate connected to the connecting rib plate in the middle of the wall span includes: anchoring the layer plate located on the side of the wall closer to the soil and water in the middle of the wall span.

[0018] Furthermore, a structure is formed on the side of the wall closest to the soil and water, wherein: the structure adopts a steel structure or a steel beam; the lower end of the structure is flush with the lower end of the wall, the height of the wall is h1, and the height of the structure is h3, wherein 0.5h1≤h3≤h1.

[0019] Furthermore, the step of forming a backfill layer at the bottom of the wall includes: pouring backfill material at the bottom of the wall to form a backfill layer, wherein the height of the wall is h1, the backfill material is plain concrete, and its backfill height is h2, wherein 0.08h1≤h2≤0.12h1.

[0020] Furthermore, the method further includes applying water-swellable sealant between the contact surfaces of the thickened layer and the backfill layer and the layer plate that contacts the top of the thickened layer.

[0021] Furthermore, the method of forming a backfill layer at the bottom of the wall also includes: setting vertically extending steel supports between the backfill layer located on the side of the wall closer to the soil and water and the corresponding layer plate in the middle of the wall span.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, a reinforced structure for the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-cavity ventilation shaft is provided, the structure comprising:

[0023] The multi-layered slabs are spaced apart along the height of the wall. When water and soil are filled on one side of the wall, the wall and the multi-layered slabs form a multi-span transversely stressed one-way slab structure.

[0024] Sealing material, used to seal holes in walls to keep each hole sealed;

[0025] A thickened layer is formed on the side of the wall closer to the soil and water, and the thickened layer is located in the part of the middle partition wall that cannot meet the load-bearing requirements;

[0026] A rib is located on the side of the wall away from water and soil; one end of the rib is fixed to the base and the other end is fixed to the layer plate, and the rib is not lower than the mid-span of the wall; the mid-span of the wall and the layer plate connecting the rib are anchored.

[0027] A structure is located on the side of the wall closest to the soil and water. The lower end of the structure is flush with the lower end of the wall. The height of the structure is greater than half the height of the wall but less than the height of the wall. The structure is soil-proof but not water-proof.

[0028] The backfill layer is placed at the bottom of the wall to reduce the bottom span of the partition wall.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention, on the one hand, effectively enhances the strength of the central partition wall by sealing the holes and locally thickening it, reducing deformation. It can also accurately calculate various stress data of the central partition wall according to actual working conditions, thus enabling targeted reinforcement of each part of the central partition wall structure. On the other hand, by setting up layered slabs and ribs to form a multi-span transversely stressed two-way slab structure and strengthening the constraints at the mid-span and bottom of the central partition wall, it significantly optimizes the stress system of the central partition wall under transverse load conditions while ensuring the vertical bearing capacity of the central partition wall. At the same time, by increasing the dispersion of earth pressure in the structure, it effectively improves the reliability of the central partition wall and can be directly applied to actual construction. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a double-hole ventilation shaft and a central partition wall, where the lateral force-bearing system of the central partition wall has not been optimized according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforced and strengthened partition wall according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Corresponding left-side view diagram (showing reinforcing bars);

[0035] Wherein: A, ventilation shaft; t, passageway; B, central partition wall; 1, base; c1, backfill layer; 2, wall; k, opening; j, reinforcing bar; j1, horizontal reinforcing bar; j2, vertical reinforcing bar; c2, thickened layer; 3, shelf; m, reinforcing rib; n, vertical steel support; 4, rib plate; 5, structure. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] This invention provides a method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-cavity ventilation shaft, referring to... Figure 1 Ventilation shaft A has two passages t, left and right. A partition wall B is located between the two passages t. The partition wall includes a base 1 and a wall 2 extending upward from the base 1. Multiple holes k are distributed on the wall 2. Soil and water are filled on one side of the wall 2. The reinforcement methods include:

[0038] S1, Install multiple layers of slabs 3 with vertical spacing along the height of the wall 2. When filling one side of the wall 2 with soil and water, the wall 2 and the multiple layers of slabs 3 form a multi-span transverse load-bearing one-way slab structure.

[0039] Specifically, multiple layers of panels 3 are welded at intervals on both the side of wall 2 closest to and furthest from the soil and water, with the panels 3 aligned one-to-one on both sides. These multiple layers 3 divide wall 2 into layers 1 through N, distributed sequentially from bottom to top. When soil and water are filled into one side of wall 2, wall 2 and the multiple layers 3 form a multi-span, transversely stressed, one-way slab structure. Each layer of wall 2 has multiple holes k spaced apart in the width direction, with the holes k in upper and lower layers staggered. This division of wall 2 into multiple layers facilitates the calculation of wall stress and allows for marking based on different stress conditions, enabling construction workers to intuitively identify the areas on the partition wall that require reinforcement.

[0040] S2, pour sealing material into each hole k to keep each hole k sealed, thereby enhancing the strength of the partition wall;

[0041] Specifically, before pouring the sealing material into each hole k, the process includes: installing reinforcing bars on the side of the wall 2 corresponding to the first and second layers from the bottom, where the wall bears the lateral pressure; the installed reinforcing bars j are multiple and include transverse reinforcing bars j1 extending along the width of the wall and vertical reinforcing bars j2 extending along the height of the wall, wherein the multiple transverse reinforcing bars j1 and vertical reinforcing bars j2 can respectively cover multiple holes k located in the corresponding layers. Thus, continuous reinforcing bars can be installed on the tension side of the structure at the hole k location under horizontal loads to improve tensile bearing capacity.

[0042] Sealing material is poured into each hole k, including: multiple holes k are distributed on the wall 2 corresponding to each layer 3; concrete of the same grade as wall 2 is poured into holes k located from the bottom first layer to the second to last layer; and brick mortar is used to seal the holes k located on the top layer. For example, for a layer 3 with N=5 layers, concrete of the same grade as wall 2 is poured into holes k located on layers 1 to 4, and brick mortar is used to seal the holes k located on layer 5. Since the lower and middle parts of the partition wall are subjected to a large lateral load, pouring concrete of the same grade as the partition wall into the holes k can effectively increase the strength of the lower and middle parts of the partition wall; at the same time, the holes k located on the top layer of the partition wall do not have high strength requirements, and brick mortar is used to seal the holes k located on the top layer of the partition wall, which only needs to achieve a sealing effect. The operation is simple and the construction cost is low.

[0043] S3, the part of the central partition wall that cannot meet the load-bearing requirements is locally thickened, and a thickened layer c2 is formed on the side of the wall 2 that is close to the soil and water.

[0044] Specifically, the pressure exerted by the water and soil on each part of the partition wall is calculated, and the maximum bearing capacity of each part of the partition wall is calculated and compared. Based on the comparison results, the parts of the partition wall that cannot meet the bearing capacity requirements are thickened.

[0045] Data from multiple tests show that the lower part of the partition wall typically bears a large lateral load, thus requiring thickening treatment. The thickening layer c2 extends upwards from the bottom of wall 2; the thickness of wall 2 is d1, and the thickness of the thickening layer c2 is d2, where 0.8d1≤d2≤3d1, thereby increasing the structural load-bearing capacity. The thickened area of ​​partition wall 2 can employ a composite wall structure or a multi-layered wall structure, allowing for rapid thickening and shaping of the lower part of wall 2. If a composite method is used, it also facilitates subsequent disassembly, maintenance, and replacement.

[0046] S4, a rib plate 4 is set on the side of the wall 2 away from water and soil. One end of the rib plate 4 is fixed to the base 1 and the other end is fixed to the layer plate 3. The rib plate 4 is not lower than the mid-span of the wall. The layer plate 3 connecting the rib plate 4 is anchored at the mid-span of the wall to strengthen the mid-span constraint of the partition wall.

[0047] Specifically, firstly, vertically extending ribs 4 are welded on the side of wall 2 away from water and soil, wherein the height of ribs 4 is not lower than the mid-span position of wall 2, and the one-way slab structure is divided into a two-way slab structure; secondly, anchoring is performed on the mid-span of the wall and the corresponding layer slab 3 on the side of wall 2 closer to water and soil, so as to constrain the deformation of wall 2 and layer slab 3 and reduce the bending moment at the mid-span of the wall and the bending moment of layer slab 3.

[0048] Furthermore, a diagonal rigid support is provided at the mid-span of the wall and on the corresponding layer 3 on the side of the wall 2 away from water and soil. The diagonal rigid support is made of steel sections that extend vertically and vertically, wherein the upper end of the steel section is welded to the corresponding layer 3 and the lower end is welded to the base 1.

[0049] S5, a structure 5 is formed on the side of the wall 2 that is close to the soil and water, which is separated from the wall 2. The structure 5 is separated from the soil but not from the water. When the soil and water are filled, the structure 5 bears the lateral soil pressure, and the part of the wall 2 that overlaps with the structure 5 in the lateral direction bears the lateral water pressure, so as to achieve soil and water separation.

[0050] Specifically, structure 5 adopts a steel structure or steel beam; the lower end of structure 5 is flush with the lower end of wall 2, the height of wall 2 is h1, and the height of structure 5 is h3. Since the lateral force on the upper part of the wall is very small, no treatment is required. Therefore, 0.5h1≤h3≤h1, which can optimize the stress system of the lower part of the wall.

[0051] S6, a backfill layer c1 is formed at the bottom of wall 2 to reduce the bottom span of the partition wall and strengthen the bottom constraint of the partition wall.

[0052] Specifically, backfill material is poured at the bottom of wall 2 to form a backfill layer c1. The height of wall 2 is h1, and plain concrete is used for the backfill material, with a backfill height of h2, where 0.08h1≤h2≤0.12h1. This increases the constraint range at the bottom of the partition wall and reduces the span of the lowest layer. The backfill material is applied to both the side of wall 2 closest to and furthest from the soil and water. This effectively improves the bottom stability of the partition wall.

[0053] Furthermore, vertical steel supports n extending vertically are installed between the backfill layer c1 located on the side of the wall 2 closest to the soil and water and the corresponding floor slab 3 in the middle of the wall span.

[0054] The reinforcement method for the central partition wall in the above embodiments further includes: applying water-swellable sealant between the contact surfaces of the thickened layer c2 and the backfill layer c1 and the layer 3 that contacts the top of the thickened layer c2.

[0055] In one specific implementation, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the double-hole ventilation shaft structure is a conventional ventilation shaft A, with two passages t on the left and right. A central partition wall B is located between the two passages t and includes a base 1 and a wall 2. The base 1 arches downwards, and the wall 2 extends vertically upwards from the base 1, with multiple holes k distributed on the wall 2. The height of the wall 2 is h1 = 38200 mm, and its thickness is d1 = 1200 mm.

[0056] See Figure 2 The right side of wall 2 is the side closest to the backfill, and the left side is the side furthest from the water and soil. When backfilling the right side of wall 2, the maximum backfill height is 33,000 mm, and the maximum water level is 21,000 mm. In some specific situations, such as during tunnel excavation, the backfill height is controlled at 28,000 mm.

[0057] The reinforcement method for the central partition wall under the condition of single-sided backfill in a double-cavity ventilation shaft includes the following steps: S1, assembling a multi-span transversely stressed one-way slab structure; S2, enhancing the wall strength of the central partition wall; S3, locally thickening the central partition wall; S4, strengthening the mid-span constraint of the central partition wall; S5, separating water and soil; S6, strengthening the bottom constraint of the central partition wall.

[0058] In S1, multiple layers of floor panels 3, arranged vertically and horizontally, are welded onto the wall 2. N=5, meaning that there are four layers of floor panels 3, which divide the wall 2 into layers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 distributed from bottom to top. Four layers of floor panels 3 are welded on both sides of the wall 2, and the four layers of floor panels 3 on both sides are aligned one by one. The floor panels 3 on each side are aligned vertically. According to the stress test analysis of the backfill on the wall 2, the height ratio of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth layers is 1:0.87:0.61:0.84:0.75. The mid-span position of the wall 2 corresponds to the floor panel 3 on the second layer. The heights of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth layers are 8350mm, 7300mm, 5100mm, 7050mm, and 6300mm, respectively. Each layer of wall 2 has multiple holes k spaced apart in the width direction, with the holes k in the upper and lower layers being staggered.

[0059] In S2, concrete of the same grade as the central partition wall is poured into the holes k located on the 1st to 4th floors, and brick mortar is used to seal the holes k located on the 5th floor.

[0060] To further improve strength, reinforcement bars were installed on the side of the wall 2 corresponding to the first and second layers that was subjected to water and soil pressure.

[0061] Specifically, multiple steel bars j are implanted in the wall 2 corresponding to the first and second floors and are divided into horizontal steel bars j1 extending along the width direction of the wall 2 and vertical steel bars j2 extending along the height direction of the wall 2. The multiple horizontal steel bars j1 and vertical steel bars j2 can respectively cover multiple holes k located in the corresponding floors, so as to carry out continuous steel bar installation on the tension side of the structure at the hole k location under horizontal load, thereby improving the tensile bearing capacity.

[0062] In S3, data from multiple test results show that the lower part of the partition wall typically bears a large lateral load, thus requiring thickening treatment of the lower part of the partition wall. Therefore, a thickened layer c2 is formed on the side of wall 2 closest to the soil and water, extending upwards from the bottom of wall 2. The thickened layer c2 can be constructed using overlapping or composite methods.

[0063] The thickened layer c2 is poured from bottom to top by workers on the side of wall 2 closest to the soil and water, forming a composite wall with wall 2, where d2 = 3000mm, and the top of the thickened layer c2 is flush with the layer 3 located in the first layer.

[0064] In S4, the rib plate 4 is welded to the side of the wall 2 away from the soil and water (left side in the figure). The upper part of the rib plate 4 is welded to the bottom surface of the second-layer slab 3, and the lower part is welded to the base 1. Preferably, multiple rib plates 4 can be provided and distributed side by side at intervals along the length of the wall 2. Anchoring is performed at the mid-span of the wall 2 at the corresponding slab 3 (second-layer slab 3) located on the side of the wall 2 closest to the backfill (not shown in the figure). Anchoring can be performed using existing construction methods, which will not be elaborated here.

[0065] Additionally, diagonal rigid supports (not shown in the figure) can be installed in the middle of the wall 2 span and on the corresponding layer 3 on the side of the wall 2 away from water and soil. The diagonal rigid supports here can be various common rigid supports, such as steel supports, with the steel extending vertically at an angle, and the upper end of the steel welded to the corresponding layer 3 and the lower end welded to the base 1.

[0066] In S5, a structure 5 is installed on the side of wall 2 closest to the soil and water, spaced apart from wall 2. The structure 5 is a vertically extending steel structure or a steel beam. The lower end of the structure 5 is flush with the lower end of wall 2, and the height of the structure 5 is h3, where 0.5h1≤h3≤h1. The upper end of the structure 5 is flush with the third-floor slab 3.

[0067] In S6, backfill material is poured at the bottom of wall 2 to form backfill layer c1, thereby reducing the bottom span of the partition wall.

[0068] Specifically, plain concrete is used for backfilling and is poured from the top surface of base 1 upwards, with a backfill height of h2 = 3500mm.

[0069] It should be noted that the thickened layer C2 can be poured after the backfill layer C1. In other words, the thickened layer C2 can be poured on the basis of the backfill layer C1, which can reduce the amount of thickened layer C2 concrete to be poured, save costs, and shorten construction time.

[0070] To improve the stability of the bottom of the partition wall, the plain concrete was poured simultaneously along the left and right sides of wall 2 to ensure that the backfill layer c1 on the left and right sides of wall 2 has the same height.

[0071] Furthermore, water-swellable sealant is applied to the contact surfaces between the thickened layer c2 formed by plain concrete and the bottom backfill layer c1, as well as the corresponding top slab 3. Vertical steel supports n extending vertically can also be welded between the backfill layer c1 located on the side of the wall 2 closest to the backfill and the slab 3 corresponding to the mid-span of the wall 2. In this embodiment, the vertical steel supports n are steel profiles whose upper and lower ends are welded to the backfill layer c1 and the corresponding slab 3, respectively.

[0072] Furthermore, multiple reinforcing ribs m, spaced apart along the width of the wall 2, are welded between the side of the wall 2 away from the soil and water and the top of the backfill layer c1, to further strengthen and reinforce the central partition wall.

[0073] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under the condition of single-sided backfill in a double-hole ventilation shaft. The difference from embodiment 1 is that in S3: the thickened layer c2 is poured before the backfill layer c1 is poured, wherein the thickened layer c2 is concrete of the same grade as the central partition wall, the thickened layer c2 extends from the bottom of the wall 2 upward to the top slab 3 corresponding to the second layer, and the thickness of the thickened layer c2 is 1000mm.

[0074] To facilitate later dismantling or maintenance, a partition can be installed between the thickened layer c2 and the wall 2, forming a composite wall between the thickened layer c2, the wall 2, and the partition.

[0075] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under the condition of single-sided backfilling of a double-hole ventilation shaft. The difference from embodiment 1 is that S5: there are three structures 5, and the three structures 5 correspond one-to-one with the first, second and third layers. Each structure 5 is an arch frame structure that arches towards the water and soil, and the arch frame structure extends along the width direction of the wall 2.

[0076] The reinforcement method for the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in the above embodiments of the dual-cavity ventilation shaft has the following advantages:

[0077] 1. By sealing the holes and locally thickening the partition wall, the strength of the partition wall itself is effectively enhanced, deformation is reduced, and the stress data of the partition wall can be accurately calculated according to the actual working conditions, so that the structure of each part of the partition wall can be strengthened in a targeted manner.

[0078] 2. By setting up layered slabs and ribs to form a multi-span transversely stressed two-way slab structure, and strengthening the constraints at the mid-span and bottom of the central partition wall, the stress system of the central partition wall under transverse load conditions is significantly optimized while ensuring the vertical bearing capacity of the central partition wall. At the same time, by increasing the dispersion of earth pressure in the structure, the reliability of the central partition wall is effectively improved, and it can be directly applied to actual construction.

[0079] 3. Divide the wall into multiple layers to facilitate staff in calculating the wall stress and mark them according to different stress conditions, so that construction workers can intuitively know the areas on the partition wall that need to be reinforced.

[0080] 4. The lower and middle parts of the partition wall are subjected to large lateral loads. The same grade of concrete as the partition wall is used to pour the holes, which effectively increases the strength of the lower and middle parts of the partition wall. At the same time, the holes located at the top of the partition wall are treated with brick mortar plastering. The strength requirements are not high, only the sealing effect needs to be achieved. The operation is simple and the construction cost is low.

[0081] 5. Install continuous rebar on the tension side of the structure at the location of the opening under horizontal load to improve the tensile bearing capacity;

[0082] 6. The materials used to optimize the lateral stress of the partition wall are all common materials, with simple structure, convenient construction and low cost.

[0083] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a reinforced structure for the central partition wall under the condition of single-sided backfilling in a double-cavity ventilation shaft, referring to... Figure 2-3 The structure includes multiple layers of slabs 3, sealing material, a thickening layer c2, ribs 4, a structural body 5, and a backfill layer c1. The multiple layers of slabs 3 are spaced apart along the height of the wall 2. When soil and water are filled on one side of the wall 2, the wall 2 and the multiple layers of slabs 3 form a multi-span, transversely stressed, one-way slab structure. Multiple holes k are spaced apart along the width of the wall 2 corresponding to each layer of slab 3, with the holes k in the upper and lower layers being staggered. The sealing material is used to seal the holes k within the wall to maintain the seal of each hole k. The thickening layer c2 is formed on the side of the wall 2 closest to the soil and water. 2 is located in the part of the partition wall that cannot meet the load-bearing requirements; rib plate 4 is located on the side of wall 2 away from water and soil; one end of rib plate 4 is fixed to base 1 and the other end is fixed to layer plate 3, and rib plate 4 is not lower than the mid-span of wall 2; the mid-span of wall 2 and layer plate 3 connecting rib plate 4 are anchored; structure 5 is located on the side of wall 2 close to water and soil, the lower end of structure 5 is flush with the lower end of wall 2, and the height of structure 5 is greater than half the height of wall 2 and less than the height of wall 2; structure 5 is soil-proof but not water-proof; backfill layer c1 is located at the bottom of wall 2 to reduce the bottom span of the partition wall.

[0084] In some embodiments, a steel bar j is inserted on the side of the wall 2 corresponding to the bottom first and second layers that bears the lateral pressure; the inserted steel bar j has multiple bars and includes a horizontal steel bar j1 extending along the width direction of the wall and a vertical steel bar j2 extending along the height direction of the wall, wherein the multiple horizontal steel bars j1 and the vertical steel bars j2 can respectively cover multiple holes k located in the corresponding layers.

[0085] In some embodiments, a diagonal rigid support is provided on the floor 3 corresponding to the side of the wall 2 away from water and soil at the mid-span of the wall. The diagonal rigid support is made of steel sections that extend vertically and vertically, wherein the upper end of the steel section is welded to the corresponding floor 3 and the lower end is welded to the base 1.

[0086] In some implementations, vertical steel supports n extending vertically are provided between the backfill layer c1 located on the side of the wall 2 closest to the soil and water and the corresponding floor slab 3 in the middle of the wall span.

[0087] In some embodiments, water-swellable sealant is applied between the contact surfaces of the thickened layer c2 and the backfill layer c1, and between the layer 3 that contacts the top of the thickened layer c2 and the contact surfaces of the backfill layer c1 and the layer 3 that contacts the top of the thickened layer c2.

[0088] In some embodiments, a plurality of reinforcing ribs m are provided between the side of the wall 2 away from water and soil and the top of the backfill layer c1, distributed at intervals along the width direction of the wall 2.

[0089] It should be noted that the reinforcement structure of the central partition wall under the single-sided backfill condition of the double-cavity ventilation shaft in this embodiment of the invention is based on the same inventive concept as the reinforcement of the central partition wall under the single-sided backfill condition of the double-cavity ventilation shaft described above. The specific structural implementation of the central partition wall reinforcement structure in the above embodiments can adopt the technical features corresponding to each step in the above-described central partition wall reinforcement method. Due to the beneficial effects of the above-described central partition wall reinforcement method, the central partition wall reinforcement structure in the above embodiments also has the same technical effects, and will not be elaborated further here.

[0090] Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various modifications or variations within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. The above preferred features can be used in any combination without conflict.

Claims

1. A method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-cavity ventilation shaft, characterized in that, The central partition wall includes a base and a wall extending upward from the base, wherein the wall has multiple holes distributed thereon, and soil and water are filled into one side of the wall. The reinforcement method includes: Multiple layers of slabs are installed along the height of the wall, with vertical spacing. When one side of the wall is filled with soil and water, the wall and the multiple layers of slabs form a multi-span transversely stressed one-way slab structure. Fill each hole with sealing material to keep each hole sealed, thereby enhancing the strength of the partition wall; For the part of the central partition wall that cannot meet the load-bearing requirements, a local thickening treatment is carried out, forming a thickened layer on the side of the wall closest to the soil and water. A rib is installed on the side of the wall away from water and soil. One end of the rib is fixed to the base, and the other end is fixed to the layer plate. The rib is not lower than the mid-span of the wall. The mid-span of the wall and the layer plate are anchored. A structure is formed on the side of the wall that is close to the soil and water, and the structure is soil-proof but not water-proof; A backfill layer is formed at the bottom of the wall to reduce the bottom span of the partition wall and strengthen the bottom restraint of the partition wall.

2. The method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-tunnel ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation of multiple layers of spaced-apart panels along the height of the wall includes: welding multiple layers of panels to the side of the wall closest to the soil and away from the soil, with the multiple layers of panels on both sides aligned one by one.

3. The method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-tunnel ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of pouring sealing material into each hole includes: the plurality of holes being distributed on the wall corresponding to each layer of the slab; pouring concrete of the same grade as the wall into the holes located from the bottom first layer to the second to last layer; and sealing the holes located at the top layer with brick mortar plaster.

4. The method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-tunnel ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before pouring the sealing material into each hole, the method further includes: inserting reinforcing bars on the side of the wall that bears the lateral pressure from the bottom first layer and the second layer; the inserted reinforcing bars are multiple and include transverse reinforcing bars extending along the width direction of the wall and vertical reinforcing bars extending along the height direction of the wall, wherein the multiple transverse reinforcing bars and the multiple vertical reinforcing bars can respectively cover the multiple holes located in the corresponding layers.

5. The method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-tunnel ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The portion of the partition wall that cannot meet the load-bearing requirements is locally thickened, forming a thickened layer on the side of the wall closest to the soil and water. The thickened layer extends upward from the bottom of the wall. The thickness of the wall is d1, and the thickness of the thickened layer is d2, where 0.8d1≤d2≤3d1.

6. The method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-tunnel ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, Anchoring the wall mid-span to the floor slab includes: anchoring the floor slab located on the side of the wall closer to the soil and water at the mid-span of the wall.

7. The method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-tunnel ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure is formed on the side of the wall closest to the soil and water, wherein: the structure is a steel structure or a steel beam; the lower end of the structure is flush with the lower end of the wall, the height of the wall is h1, and the height of the structure is h3, wherein 0.5h1≤h3≤h1.

8. The method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-tunnel ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of forming a backfill layer at the bottom of the wall includes: pouring backfill material at the bottom of the wall to form a backfill layer, wherein the height of the wall is h1, the backfill material is plain concrete, and its backfill height is h2, wherein 0.08h1≤h2≤0.12h1; The method of forming a backfill layer at the bottom of the wall also includes: setting vertically extending steel supports between the backfill layer located on the side of the wall closer to the soil and water and the corresponding layer plate in the middle of the wall span.

9. The method for strengthening and reinforcing the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-tunnel ventilation shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes applying water-swellable sealant between the contact surfaces of the thickened layer and the backfill layer, and between the contact surfaces of the layer plate that are in contact with the top of the thickened layer.

10. A reinforcement structure for the central partition wall under single-sided backfill conditions in a double-cavity ventilation shaft, characterized in that, include: The multi-layered slabs are spaced apart along the height of the wall. When water and soil are filled on one side of the wall, the wall and the multi-layered slabs form a multi-span transversely stressed one-way slab structure. Sealing material, used to seal holes in walls to keep each hole sealed; A thickened layer is formed on the side of the wall closer to the soil and water, and the thickened layer is located in the part of the middle partition wall that cannot meet the load-bearing requirements; A rib is located on the side of the wall away from water and soil; one end of the rib is fixed to the base and the other end is fixed to the layer plate, and the rib is not lower than the mid-span of the wall; the mid-span of the wall and the layer plate connecting the rib are anchored. A structure is located on the side of the wall closest to the soil and water. The lower end of the structure is flush with the lower end of the wall. The height of the structure is greater than half the height of the wall but less than the height of the wall. The structure is soil-proof but not water-proof. The backfill layer is placed at the bottom of the wall to reduce the bottom span of the partition wall.

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