A tunnel lining structure for preventing concrete cracking

Abstract

The application discloses a tunnel lining structure capable of preventing concrete from cracking, which comprises a lining layer, a lower connecting plate arranged at the lower part of the lining layer, and a compression rib plate installed at the two sides of the lining layer. A horizontal rod is fixedly installed on the compression rib plate. A compression plate is hingedly connected to the two ends of the lower connecting plate. A slot is formed in the top end of the compression plate, and the horizontal rod is clamped into the slot. A supporting plate is hingedly connected to the bottom of the lower connecting plate on both sides. The end of the supporting plate is tightly pressed against the bottom end of the compression plate. The compression plate is matched with the lower connecting plate, and the bottom end of the compression plate is moved to both sides by using the self-weight of the lining layer, so that the compression rib plate applies an inward pre-compression force to the two sides of the lining layer. After the soil backfilling, the transverse deformation of the lining layer is avoided, the generation of cracks is reduced, and the lining layer has a certain pre-compression force after the soil backfilling, which is beneficial to improving the bearing capacity of the lining layer to water pressure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel lining structure, in particular to a tunnel lining structure for preventing concrete cracking. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tunnels can be divided into traffic tunnels, water tunnels, mine tunnels and the like according to their different uses, wherein the water tunnels are mainly used for water flow, and are generally buried underground. The top and bottom of the water tunnel lining structure are extruded by backfill soil, and need to bear a large pressure, while the two sides of the lining structure bear a small pressure, so that the tunnel will produce a certain transverse deformation. When the water flows in the tunnel, the transverse deformation of the tunnel is intensified under the pressure of the water, so that the tunnel produces uneven deformation and stress concentration, and is prone to cracks, which affects the service life of the tunnel. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a tunnel lining structure for preventing concrete cracking, which can reduce the deformation of the tunnel and the generation of cracks.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a tunnel lining structure for preventing concrete cracking, comprising a lining layer, wherein the lower part of the lining layer is provided with a lower connecting plate, the two sides of the lining layer are both provided with a compression rib plate, the compression rib plate is fixedly provided with a horizontal rod, the two ends of the lower connecting plate are both hingedly provided with a compression plate, the top end of the compression plate is provided with a slot, the horizontal rod is clamped into the slot, the bottom of the lower connecting plate is hingedly provided with a support plate on both sides, the end of the support plate is tightly arranged on the bottom end of the compression plate, the top of the support plate is hingedly provided with a pressure supply cylinder, the other end of the pressure supply cylinder is hingedly connected with the side wall of the lower connecting plate, a horizontal driving cylinder is arranged between the two support plates, the liquid inlet end of the horizontal driving cylinder is communicated with a tunnel in the lining layer, a cavity is arranged in the lining layer, the cavity is filled with a crack repair agent, and the liquid outlet end of the pressure supply cylinder is communicated with the cavity through a pipeline.

[0005] The tunnel lining structure for preventing concrete cracking has the advantages that the cavities are spirally arranged in the lining layer, the rotation directions of adjacent two cavities are opposite, and the cavities form a mesh in the lining layer.

[0006] The aforementioned anti-concrete cracking tunnel lining structure includes a pressure cylinder comprising a cylinder body, a first piston, a first piston rod, and a piston plate. The first piston is slidably and sealed within the cylinder body. One end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected to one end of the first piston. The piston plate is slidably and sealed within the cylinder body, located between the first piston and the cylinder bottom. The sealing space between the piston plate and the cylinder body / bottom is connected to a cavity via a pipe. The sealing space between the first piston and the piston plate is filled with air. The bottom of the cylinder body is hinged to the top of the support plate. The other end of the first piston rod extends out of the cylinder body and is hinged to the side wall of the lower connecting plate.

[0007] In the aforementioned anti-concrete cracking tunnel lining structure, a pin hole is provided in the middle of the clamping plate, and a fixed shaft is fixedly installed on the end of the lower connecting plate. The clamping plate is rotatably mounted on the fixed shaft through the pin hole.

[0008] In the aforementioned anti-concrete cracking tunnel lining structure, the distance between the slot and the inner wall of the clamping plate gradually decreases from the end closer to the pin hole to the end farther away from the pin hole. The inclined slot can improve the anti-buoyancy ability of the lining layer. When the lining layer floats, it can convert the buoyancy force into an inward thrust on both sides, thereby preventing it from floating. The distance between the slot and the inner wall of the clamping plate is smaller than the distance between the pin hole and the inner wall of the clamping plate. The pin hole is further outward relative to the slot. When subjected to pressure, the clamping plate tends to rotate outward.

[0009] In the aforementioned anti-concrete cracking tunnel lining structure, a push block is fixedly installed on the side wall of the clamping plate, and a push groove is provided on the side wall of the support plate. The push block is slidably fitted in the push groove, and the radial distance from the push block to the hinge point of the support plate gradually decreases from the end near the bottom of the clamping plate to the end away from the bottom of the clamping plate. A pad is detachably installed on the bottom of the support plate.

[0010] The aforementioned anti-concrete cracking tunnel lining structure includes a transverse drive cylinder comprising a cylinder barrel, a second piston, and a second piston rod. The second piston is slidably installed in both ends of the cylinder barrel, and a second piston rod is installed on the side wall of each of the two second pistons. The ends of the two second piston rods extend out of both ends of the cylinder barrel and are respectively hinged to the side wall of two support plates. The middle part of the cylinder barrel is connected to the tunnel inside the lining layer through a pipe.

[0011] The technical solution of the present invention achieves the following beneficial technical effects:

[0012] 1. This invention, by setting a clamping plate in conjunction with a lower connecting plate, can utilize the self-weight of the lining layer to press down, causing the bottom end of the clamping plate to move to both sides. This, through the clamping ribs, applies inward pre-compression force to both sides of the lining layer. After backfilling the soil, this prevents the lining layer from undergoing lateral deformation, reduces the generation of cracks, and after backfilling the soil, the lining layer has a certain pre-pressure, which is beneficial to improving the lining layer's ability to withstand water pressure.

[0013] 2. This invention, by setting a support plate and a removable and replaceable pad, makes better use of the self-weight of the lining layer during the construction of the lining layer. The support plate pushes the clamping plate outward to apply pre-pressure to both sides of the lining layer. After the construction is completed, the bottom end of the clamping plate is in an outward-expanding state, which increases the support area and prevents the lining layer from settling or floating.

[0014] 3. This invention, by setting up a pressure cylinder, can utilize the weight of the lining layer and the backfill soil to provide pressure, keeping the crack repair agent in the cavity at a certain pressure. When cracks occur, they can be automatically repaired in a timely manner. At the same time, since the cavities are arranged in an interlaced spiral shape, that is, the cavities are in a curved arc state, they tend to straighten when there is pressure inside. When there is pressure in all the interlaced cavities, it provides outward support for the lining layer. When water is stopped in the lining layer, it can provide a certain support effect and reduce the alternating load on the lining layer. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the lining layer of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 A perspective structural diagram of the lining layer of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the pressure cylinder of this invention;

[0020] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping plate of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the lower connecting plate of this invention;

[0022] Figure 8 A cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the transverse drive cylinder of the present invention.

[0023] The reference numerals in the figure are as follows: 1-lining layer; 2-pressure rib plate; 3-crossbar; 4-lower connecting plate; 5-pressure plate; 6-pressure supply cylinder; 601-cylinder body; 602-first piston; 603-first piston rod; 604-piston plate; 7-support plate; 8-cavity; 9-slot; 10-lateral drive cylinder; 101-cylinder barrel; 102-second piston; 103-second piston rod; 11-pad block; 12-push block; 13-pin hole; 14-push groove; 15-fixed shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0024] This embodiment describes a tunnel lining structure designed to prevent concrete cracking. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1-3 The system includes a lining layer 1, a lower connecting plate 4 at the bottom of the lining layer 1, and clamping ribs 2 on both sides of the lining layer 1. A crossbar 3 is fixedly installed on the clamping ribs 2. Clamping plates 5 are hinged to both ends of the lower connecting plate 4. A slot 9 is provided at the top of the clamping plate 5, into which the crossbar 3 is inserted. Support plates 7 are hinged to both sides of the bottom of the lower connecting plate 4. The ends of the support plates 7 abut against the bottom ends of the clamping plates 5. A pressure cylinder 6 is hinged to the top of the support plates 7, and the other end of the pressure cylinder 6 is hinged to the side wall of the lower connecting plate 4. A transverse drive cylinder is installed between the two support plates 7. 10. The inlet end of the transverse drive cylinder 10 is connected to the tunnel inside the lining layer 1. A cavity 8 is opened inside the lining layer 1. The cavity 8 is filled with crack repair agent. The outlet end of the pressure supply cylinder 6 is connected to the cavity 8 through a pipe. By setting the clamping plate 5 in conjunction with the lower connecting plate 4, the lining layer 1 can be pressed down by its own weight, causing the bottom end of the clamping plate 5 to move to both sides. Thus, the clamping ribs 2 apply an inward pre-compression force to both sides of the lining layer 1. After the soil is backfilled, the lining layer 1 is prevented from undergoing transverse deformation, reducing the generation of cracks. Furthermore, after the soil is backfilled, the lining layer 1 has a certain pre-pressure, which is beneficial to improving the lining layer 1's ability to withstand water pressure.

[0025] like Figure 4 As shown, the cavity 8 is spirally opened in the lining layer 1, and the spiral directions of two adjacent cavities 8 are opposite. The cavity 8 is arranged in a spiral cross-network pattern in the lining layer 1.

[0026] like Figure 5As shown, the pressure supply cylinder 6 includes a cylinder body 601, a first piston 602, a first piston rod 603, and a piston plate 604. The first piston 602 is slidably and sealingly installed inside the cylinder body 601. One end of the first piston rod 603 is fixedly connected to one end of the first piston 602. The piston plate 604 is slidably and sealingly installed inside the cylinder body 601 and located between the first piston 602 and the cylinder bottom. The sealing space between the piston plate 604 and the cylinder bottom of the cylinder body 601 is connected to the cavity 8 through a pipe. The sealing space between the first piston 602 and the piston plate 604 is filled with air. The bottom of the cylinder body 601 is hinged to the top of the support plate 7. The other end of the first piston rod 603 extends out of the cylinder body 601 and is hinged to the side wall of the lower connecting plate 4. By setting the pressure supply cylinder 6, the pressure can be provided by the weight of the lining layer 1 and the backfill soil, so that the crack repair agent in the cavity 8 is always kept at a certain pressure. When cracks occur, they can be repaired automatically in time. At the same time, since the cavity 8 is a spiral shape with interlocking arrangement, that is, the cavity 8 is in a curved arc state, it tends to straighten when there is pressure inside. When there is pressure in the interlocking cavity 8, it provides outward support for the lining layer 1. When the water in the lining layer 1 is stopped, it can provide a certain support effect and reduce the alternating load on the lining layer 1.

[0027] like Figure 6 As shown, a pin hole 13 is provided in the middle of the clamping plate 5, and a fixed shaft 15 is fixedly installed on the end of the lower connecting plate 4. The clamping plate 5 is rotatably mounted on the fixed shaft 15 through the pin hole 13. The distance between the slot 9 and the inner wall of the clamping plate 5 gradually decreases from the end near the pin hole 13 to the end away from the pin hole 13. The distance between the slot 9 and the inner wall of the clamping plate 5 is less than the distance between the pin hole 13 and the inner wall of the clamping plate 5.

[0028] like Figure 2 , Figure 6 As shown, a push block 12 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the clamping plate 5, and a push groove 14 is provided on the side wall of the support plate 7. The push block 12 is slidably fitted in the push groove 14. The radial distance from the push block 12 to the hinge point of the support plate 7 gradually decreases from the end near the bottom of the clamping plate 5 to the end away from the bottom of the clamping plate 5. A pad block 11 is detachably installed on the bottom of the support plate 7. By setting the support plate 7 and the detachable and replaceable pad block 11, the self-weight of the lining layer 1 can be better utilized during the construction of the lining layer 1. The clamping plate 5 is pushed outward by the support plate 7, thereby applying pre-pressure to both sides of the lining layer 1. After the construction is completed, since the bottom end of the clamping plate 5 is in an outwardly expanding state, the support area is increased, preventing the lining layer 1 from settling or floating.

[0029] like Figure 8As shown, the transverse drive cylinder 10 includes a cylinder barrel 101, a second piston 102, and a second piston rod 103. The second piston 102 is slidably installed in both ends of the cylinder barrel 101. The second piston rod 103 is installed on the side wall of each of the two second pistons 102. The ends of the two second piston rods 103 pass through the two ends of the cylinder barrel 101 and are respectively hinged to the side wall of the two support plates 7. The middle part of the cylinder barrel 101 is connected to the tunnel inside the lining layer 1 through a pipe.

[0030] Workflow: After excavating at the predetermined location, place the entire structure into the excavation area. During lowering, as follows... Figure 2 As shown, the thickness of the adjusting pad 11 is adjusted according to the burial depth, thereby adjusting the pre-pressure applied to both sides of the lining layer 1. The greater the burial depth, the greater the pressure of the soil on the upper and lower parts of the lining layer 1. Therefore, the thickness of the adjusting pad 11 is increased to increase the pre-pressure applied to both sides of the lining layer 1.

[0031] When the pad block 11 contacts the bottom surface of the excavation, the support plate 7 folds upward under the weight of the lining layer 1. With the cooperation of the push groove 14 and the push block 12, the lower end of the pressing plate 5 is pushed outward. The pressing plate 5 rotates around the fixed shaft 15, and its upper end presses the crossbar 3 and the pressing rib 2 inward, applying pre-pressure to both sides of the lining layer 1.

[0032] Synchronously, as the support plate 7 moves upward, such as Figure 5 As shown, the first piston rod 603 pushes the first piston 602 to move, which compresses the air between the first piston 602 and the piston plate 604 and pushes the piston plate 604 to move, causing the piston plate 604 to squeeze the crack repair agent, so that the crack repair agent in the cavity 8 has a certain pressure. The two ends of the cavity 8 are in a closed state, which can ensure that the pressure will not leak. In order to further ensure the sealing of the cavity 8, a waterproof layer can be applied to the inner wall of the cavity 8.

[0033] Traditionally, the lining layer 1 is directly buried in the soil layer, and it is subjected to great pressure from above and below, which causes the tunnel to deform laterally. When the water pressure inside the tunnel is high, the lateral deformation will be aggravated due to the weak support of the soil on both sides of the lining layer 1. However, the present invention can use the lateral drive cylinder 10 to apply the water pressure to the support plate 7 when the water pressure is high, and finally to both sides of the lining layer 1, thereby reducing the deformation of the lining layer 1, making the lining layer 1 more stable, effectively preventing cracking and improving its service life.

[0034] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the claims of this patent application.

Claims

1. A tunnel lining structure for preventing concrete cracking, characterized in that, The system includes a lining layer (1), a lower connecting plate (4) at the bottom of the lining layer (1), and clamping ribs (2) installed on both sides of the lining layer (1). A crossbar (3) is fixedly installed on the clamping ribs (2). A clamping plate (5) is hinged to both ends of the lower connecting plate (4). A slot (9) is opened on the top of the clamping plate (5), and the crossbar (3) is inserted into the slot (9). A support plate (7) is hinged to both sides of the bottom of the lower connecting plate (4), and the end of the support plate (7) is pressed against the lining layer. At the bottom end of the pressing plate (5), a pressure cylinder (6) is hinged to the top of the support plate (7). The other end of the pressure cylinder (6) is hinged to the side wall of the lower connecting plate (4). A transverse drive cylinder (10) is installed between the two support plates (7). The liquid inlet of the transverse drive cylinder (10) is connected to the tunnel inside the lining layer (1). A cavity (8) is opened inside the lining layer (1). The cavity (8) is filled with crack repair agent. The liquid outlet of the pressure cylinder (6) is connected to the cavity (8) through a pipe. A push block (12) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the clamping plate (5), and a push groove (14) is provided on the side wall of the support plate (7). The push block (12) is slidably fitted in the push groove (14). The radial distance from the push block (12) to the hinge point between the support plate (7) and the lower connecting plate (4) gradually decreases from one end near the bottom of the clamping plate (5) to one end away from the bottom of the clamping plate (5). A pad block (11) is detachably installed on the bottom of the support plate (7).

2. The anti-concrete cracking tunnel lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cavity (8) is spirally opened in the lining layer (1), and the spiral directions of two adjacent cavities (8) are opposite. The cavity (8) is arranged in a mesh pattern in the lining layer (1).

3. The anti-concrete cracking tunnel lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure cylinder (6) includes a cylinder body (601), a first piston (602), a first piston rod (603), and a piston plate (604). The first piston (602) is slidably and sealed inside the cylinder body (601). One end of the first piston rod (603) is fixedly connected to one end of the first piston (602). The piston plate (604) is sealed and slidably inside the cylinder body (601) and located between the first piston (602) and the bottom of the cylinder. The sealing space between the piston plate (604) and the bottom of the cylinder body (601) is connected to the cavity (8) through a pipe. The sealing space between the first piston (602) and the piston plate (604) is filled with air. The bottom of the cylinder body (601) is hinged to the top of the support plate (7). The other end of the first piston rod (603) extends out of the cylinder body (601) and is hinged to the side wall of the lower connecting plate (4).

4. The anti-concrete cracking tunnel lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping plate (5) has a pin hole (13) in the middle, and a fixed shaft (15) is fixedly installed on the end of the lower connecting plate (4). The clamping plate (5) is rotatably installed on the fixed shaft (15) through the pin hole (13).

5. A tunnel lining structure for preventing concrete cracking according to claim 4, characterized in that, The distance between the slot (9) and the inner wall of the clamping plate (5) gradually decreases from the end near the pin hole (13) to the end away from the pin hole (13); the distance between the slot (9) and the inner wall of the clamping plate (5) is less than the distance between the pin hole (13) and the inner wall of the clamping plate (5).

6. The anti-concrete cracking tunnel lining structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse drive cylinder (10) includes a cylinder (101), a second piston (102), and a second piston rod (103). The second piston (102) is slidably installed in both ends of the cylinder (101). The second piston rod (103) is installed on the side wall of each of the two second pistons (102). The ends of the two second piston rods (103) pass through the two ends of the cylinder (101) and are respectively hinged to the side wall of the two support plates (7). The middle part of the cylinder (101) is connected to the tunnel in the lining layer (1) through a pipe.

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