Fluidized bed granular electric heater

Abstract

The application discloses a fluidized bed type particle electric heater, which comprises an inner heat preservation layer, an outer heat preservation layer, a plurality of fluidized pipes, a plurality of electric heating elements, a plurality of particle feeding bins, a plurality of particle discharging bins and a plurality of air blowers. The plurality of fluidized pipes are arranged between the inner heat preservation layer and the outer heat preservation layer. The plurality of electric heating elements are arranged between the inner heat preservation layer and the outer heat preservation layer. The plurality of particle feeding bins are respectively connected to lower ends of the plurality of fluidized pipes. The plurality of particle discharging bins are respectively connected to the other ends of the plurality of fluidized pipes. The plurality of air blowers are respectively connected to the plurality of particle feeding bins, and the air blowers convey air flow to the connected particle feeding bins to fluidize the heat-absorbing particles in the particle feeding bins and make the heat-absorbing particles enter the particle discharging bins along the corresponding fluidized pipes. The fluidized bed type particle electric heater provided by the application fluidizes the heat-absorbing particles by means of high-pressure gas and absorbs heat energy in a direct radiation mode through the fluidized pipes, thereby improving the uniformity of the particle heating temperature and the heating efficiency and reducing the cost of the electric heater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electric heating technology, specifically relating to a fluidized bed type particle electric heater. Background Technology

[0002] Solid particles possess high energy density, high thermal storage temperature, and low cost, making them an excellent energy storage medium. Therefore, particle energy storage technology has received widespread attention in recent years. In particle energy storage systems, the electric heater is one of the core components. The main function of the electric heater is to convert electrical energy into heat energy for storage. The commonly used type of electric heater is the tubular electric heater, which consists of a heating wire, insulating material, and a metal tube, with the insulating material accounting for over 40% of the cost.

[0003] Solid particles are small-diameter spherical particles. When the accumulated flow particles flow between the electric heating tubes, a stagnation zone is formed at the top of the tube and a blank zone is formed at the bottom of the tube. This greatly reduces the effective contact area between the tube bundle and the particles, reduces the heat exchange efficiency and the surface power of the electric heating tube. Under the same power, this leads to an increase in the number of electric heating tubes required, which greatly increases the cost of the particle electric heating equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a fluidized bed type particle electric heater to solve the aforementioned technical problems, specifically adopting the following technical solution:

[0005] A fluidized bed granular electric heater, comprising:

[0006] Inner insulation layer;

[0007] An outer insulation layer is fitted over the inner insulation layer at a certain distance from it.

[0008] A plurality of fluidizing tubes are disposed between the inner insulation layer and the outer insulation layer, the plurality of fluidizing tubes being spaced apart from each other and extending along the direction of the central axis of the inner insulation layer;

[0009] A plurality of heating elements are disposed between the inner insulation layer and the outer insulation layer, the plurality of heating elements being spaced apart from each other and extending along the direction of the central axis of the inner insulation layer;

[0010] Several particle feed bins are respectively connected to the lower ends of several fluidizing tubes;

[0011] Several particle discharge bins are respectively connected to the other end of several fluidizing tubes;

[0012] Several fans are connected to several of the aforementioned particle feed hoppers. The fans deliver airflow to the particle feed hoppers to fluidize the heat-absorbing particles in the particle feed hoppers and allow them to enter the particle discharge hoppers along the corresponding fluidization pipes.

[0013] Furthermore, an inner heating space is formed between the inner insulation layer and the plurality of fluidizing tubes, and an outer heating space is formed between the outer insulation layer and the plurality of fluidizing tubes, with the plurality of heating elements located in at least one of the inner heating space and the outer heating space.

[0014] Furthermore, the fluidized bed granular electric heater also includes a rotating frame and a rotation drive assembly. A plurality of the heating elements are connected to the rotating frame, and the rotation drive assembly is connected to the rotating frame to drive the rotating frame and the plurality of heating elements thereon to rotate along the central axis of the inner insulation layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating frame includes an inner rotating frame and an outer rotating frame, and the rotation drive assembly is connected to the inner rotating frame and the outer rotating frame to drive the inner rotating frame and the outer rotating frame to rotate along the central axis of the inner insulation layer. A certain number of the plurality of heating elements are located in the inner heating space and are respectively connected to the inner rotating frame, and the remaining heating elements are located in the outer heating space and are respectively connected to the outer rotating frame.

[0016] Furthermore, the rotary drive assembly includes a first motor and a second motor, the first motor being rotatably connected to the inner rotating frame and the second motor being rotatably connected to the outer rotating frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the centers of the plurality of heating elements located in the inner heating space are located on a circle with the center of the inner insulation layer as the center point, and the distance between two adjacent heating elements is equal.

[0018] Furthermore, the centers of the plurality of heating elements located in the external heating space are located on a circle with the center of the inner insulation layer as the center point, and the distance between two adjacent heating elements is equal.

[0019] Furthermore, the number of the fluidizing tubes, the number of the heating elements located in the inner heating space, and the number of the heating elements located in the outer heating space are equal.

[0020] Furthermore, the centers of the fluidizing tubes are located on a circle with the center of the inner insulation layer as the center point, and the distance between two adjacent fluidizing tubes is equal.

[0021] Furthermore, the fluidized bed granular electric heater also includes several temperature detection elements, which are respectively disposed in several granular discharge bins to detect the temperature of the heated heat-absorbing granules.

[0022] The advantage of this invention is that the fluidized bed particle electric heater provided allows the heat-absorbing particles to absorb heat energy through direct radiation via high-pressure gas fluidization and fluidization tubes, thereby improving the uniformity of particle heating temperature and heating efficiency, and reducing the cost of the electric heater.

[0023] The advantage of this invention lies in the fact that the fluidized bed particle electric heater provides heat-absorbing particles through radiation heating, eliminating direct contact between the heating element and the heated medium. Therefore, the heating element does not require extensive insulation material wrapping, greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of the heating element. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fluidized bed type particle electric heater according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a fluidized bed type particle electric heater according to the present invention;

[0027] Inner insulation layer 10, outer insulation layer 20, fluidizing pipe 30, electric heating element 40, pellet feed hopper 50, pellet discharge hopper 60, fan 70, temperature detection element 80, inner heating space 11, outer heating space 12, inner rotating frame 13, outer rotating frame 14, first motor 15, second motor 16. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0029] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0031] like Figure 1 and 2 The illustration shows a fluidized bed granular electric heater according to this application, comprising: an inner insulation layer 10, an outer insulation layer 20, a plurality of fluidizing tubes 30, a plurality of heating elements 40, a plurality of granule feed hoppers 50, a plurality of granule discharge hoppers 60, and a plurality of blowers 70. In the embodiments of this application, the inner insulation layer 10 and the outer insulation layer 20 are generally cylindrical. The outer insulation layer 20 is fitted over the inner insulation layer 10 at a certain distance. The central axes of the inner insulation layer 10 and the outer insulation layer 20 coincide, therefore they extend in the same direction, and the space formed between them is a uniform ring. It is understood that the inner insulation layer 10 and the outer insulation layer 20 can be made of the same material, or they can be made of different materials as needed.

[0032] A plurality of fluidizing tubes 30 are disposed between the inner insulation layer 10 and the outer insulation layer 20. The plurality of fluidizing tubes 30 are spaced apart from each other and extend along the central axis of the inner insulation layer 10. In the embodiments of this application, the fluidizing tubes 30 are made of quartz glass. It is understood that the fluidizing tubes 30 may also be made of other materials with high radiation transmittance.

[0033] A plurality of heating elements 40 are disposed between the inner insulation layer 10 and the outer insulation layer 20. Like the aforementioned fluidizing tube 30, the heating elements 40 are spaced apart and extend along the central axis of the inner insulation layer 10. The heating elements are electrically connected to a power source and generate heat radiation when energized. The materials of the heating elements 40 include, but are not limited to, nickel-chromium alloys, iron-chromium-aluminum alloys, silicon carbide, and molybdenum disilicide.

[0034] Several particle feed hoppers 50 are used to hold heat-absorbing particles, and are respectively connected to the lower ends of several fluidizing tubes 30. Several particle discharge hoppers 60 are respectively connected to the other ends of several fluidizing tubes 30. Several fans 70 are respectively connected to several particle feed hoppers 50, and the fans 70 deliver airflow to the particle feed hoppers 50 to fluidize the heat-absorbing particles in the particle feed hoppers 50 and enter the particle discharge hoppers 60 along the corresponding fluidizing tubes 30. The heat-absorbing particles are blown from the particle feed hoppers 50 to the particle discharge hoppers 60 by high-pressure gas through fluidization. During the process of the particles passing through the fluidizing tubes 30 from bottom to top, the electric heating element 40 heats the heat-absorbing particles through thermal radiation. The heat absorption effect of the fluidized heat-absorbing particles is more uniform under the heating form of thermal radiation. Moreover, the fluidized bed particle electric heater of this application heats the heat-absorbing particles through radiation heating, eliminating direct contact between the electric heating element and the heated medium. Therefore, heating elements do not require a large amount of insulating material to wrap, which greatly reduces the manufacturing cost of heating elements.

[0035] It is understandable that heat-absorbing particles have a high infrared radiation absorption rate. Particulate materials include, but are not limited to, ceramic particles, iron oxide particles, silicon carbide particles, and graphite particles.

[0036] In the embodiments of this application, the fluidized bed granular electric heater further includes a plurality of temperature sensing elements 80, which are respectively disposed in a plurality of granular discharge bins 60 to detect the temperature of the heated heat-absorbing granules. Based on the temperature values ​​detected by each temperature sensing element 80, the wind speed of the corresponding fan 70 is adjusted so that the temperature of the heat-absorbing granules in the granular discharge bin 60 reaches a preset range.

[0037] An inner heating space 11 is formed between the inner insulation layer 10 and the plurality of fluidizing tubes 30, and an outer heating space 12 is formed between the outer insulation layer 20 and the plurality of fluidizing tubes 30. A plurality of heating elements 40 may be located in at least one of the inner heating space 11 and the outer heating space 12. In a preferred embodiment, the fluidized bed particle electric heater further includes a rotating frame and a rotation drive assembly. The plurality of heating elements 40 are suspended below the rotating frame, and the rotation drive assembly is connected to the rotating frame to drive the rotating frame and the plurality of heating elements 40 thereon to rotate along the central axis of the inner insulation layer 10. By driving the heating elements 40 to rotate slowly, the uniformity of heat absorption by the heat-absorbing particles can be further improved.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, a certain number of the plurality of heating elements 40 are located in the inner heating space 11 and are respectively connected to the inner rotating frame 13, while the remaining heating elements 40 are located in the outer heating space 12 and are respectively connected to the outer rotating frame 14. The heating elements 40 are evenly distributed on the inner and outer sides of the fluidizing tube 30, and the uniformity of the heating temperature of the heat-absorbing particles is ensured by heating from both inside and outside.

[0039] Correspondingly, the rotating frame includes an inner rotating frame 13 and an outer rotating frame 14. A rotation drive assembly is connected to the inner rotating frame 13 and the outer rotating frame 14 to drive them to rotate along the central axis of the inner insulation layer 10. Several heating elements 40 located in the inner heating space 11 are respectively connected to the inner rotating frame 13, while several heating elements 40 located in the outer heating space 12 are respectively connected to the outer rotating frame 14. In an embodiment of this application, the rotation drive assembly includes a first motor 15 and a second motor 16. The first motor 15 is rotatably connected to the inner rotating frame 13, and the second motor 16 is rotatably connected to the outer rotating frame 14. It is understood that the rotation speeds of the inner rotating frame 13 and the outer rotating frame 14 can be different, and the rotation speed can be set according to actual needs.

[0040] In the embodiments of this application, the centers of several fluidizing tubes 30 are located on a circle with the center of the inner insulation layer 10 as the center point, and the distance between two adjacent fluidizing tubes 30 is equal. The centers of several heating elements 40 located in the inner heating space 11 are located on a circle with the center of the inner insulation layer 10 as the center point, and the distance between two adjacent heating elements 40 is equal. The centers of several heating elements 40 located in the outer heating space 12 are located on a circle with the center of the inner insulation layer 10 as the center point, and the distance between two adjacent heating elements 40 is equal. It can be understood that, through the above arrangement, the distribution between the fluidizing tubes 30 and the heating elements 40 is more uniform. Through the above-described annular uniformly spaced arrangement, the uniformity of heat absorption by the heat-absorbing particles can be further improved.

[0041] In the embodiments of this application, the number of fluidizing tubes 30, the number of heating elements 40 located in the inner heating space 11, and the number of heating elements 40 located in the outer heating space 12 are equal. Each fluidizing tube 30 corresponds to an average of one heating element 40 in the inner and outer spaces. It is understood that the specific number of fluidizing tubes 30, the number of heating elements 40 located in the inner heating space 11, and the number of heating elements 40 located in the outer heating space 12 can be adjusted according to structural needs, and no limitation is made in this application.

[0042] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluidized bed granular electric heater characterized by, The fluidized bed granular electric heater comprises: an inner insulation layer; an outer insulation layer, which is sleeved outside the inner insulation layer at a distance from the inner insulation layer; a plurality of fluidization pipes, which are arranged between the inner insulation layer and the outer insulation layer, and are spaced apart from each other and extend along the direction of the central axis of the inner insulation layer; a plurality of electric heating elements, which are arranged between the inner insulation layer and the outer insulation layer, and are spaced apart from each other and extend along the direction of the central axis of the inner insulation layer; a plurality of granular feeding bins, which are respectively connected to the lower ends of the fluidization pipes; a plurality of granular discharging bins, which are respectively connected to the other ends of the fluidization pipes; a plurality of air blowers, which are respectively connected to the granular feeding bins, and send air flow to the granular feeding bins to fluidize the heat-absorbing granules in the granular feeding bins and make them enter the granular discharging bins along the corresponding fluidization pipes; an inner heating space is formed between the inner insulation layer and the fluidization pipes, an outer heating space is formed between the outer insulation layer and the fluidization pipes, and the electric heating elements are located in at least one of the inner heating space and the outer heating space; the fluidized bed granular electric heater further comprises a rotating frame and a rotating drive assembly, the electric heating elements are connected to the rotating frame, and the rotating drive assembly is connected to the rotating frame to drive the rotating frame and the electric heating elements thereon to rotate along the central axis of the inner insulation layer; the rotating frame comprises an inner rotating frame and an outer rotating frame, the rotating drive assembly is connected to the inner rotating frame and the outer rotating frame to drive the inner rotating frame and the outer rotating frame to rotate along the central axis of the inner insulation layer, a certain number of the electric heating elements among the electric heating elements are located in the inner heating space and are respectively connected to the inner rotating frame, and the remaining electric heating elements among the electric heating elements are located in the outer heating space and are respectively connected to the outer rotating frame.

2. The fluidized bed granular electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the rotating drive assembly comprises a first motor and a second motor, the first motor is rotationally connected to the inner rotating frame, and the second motor is rotationally connected to the outer rotating frame.

3. The fluidized bed granular electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the centers of the electric heating elements located in the inner heating space are located on a circle with the center of the inner insulation layer as the center, and the distance between adjacent two electric heating elements is equal.

4. The fluidized bed granular electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the centers of the electric heating elements located in the outer heating space are located on a circle with the center of the inner insulation layer as the center, and the distance between adjacent two electric heating elements is equal.

5. The fluidized bed granular electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the number of the fluidization pipes, the electric heating elements located in the inner heating space, and the electric heating elements located in the outer heating space is equal.

6. The fluidized bed granular electric heater according to claim 1, wherein The centers of the fluidization pipes are located on a circle with the center of the inner insulation layer as the center point, and the distance between two adjacent fluidization pipes is equal.

7. The fluidized bed particulate electric heater according to claim 1, wherein the fluidized bed particulate electric heater further comprises a plurality of temperature detecting elements, each of the temperature detecting elements is arranged in one of the particulate discharge bins to detect the temperature of the heated endothermic particulate. ​

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