An experimental device and method for simulating submarine landslides triggered by the collision of an iceberg with a submarine slope

Abstract

The present invention discloses an experimental device and method for simulating submarine landslides triggered by the collision of icebergs with submarine slopes. The experimental device includes a temperature control water tank system, an orbital arrangement system, an ice block vertical impact system, an ice block horizontal impact system, a submarine slope, and an overall control system: The temperature control water tank system is used to simulate the low-temperature environment of glacial waters. The orbital arrangement system is used to change the falling position of the ice block relative to the submarine slope. The ice block vertical impact system controls the falling height of the ice block to simulate the vertical collision behavior of ice blocks falling from different heights on the iceberg with the submarine slope. The ice block horizontal impact system controls the horizontal movement speed of the ice block to simulate the horizontal collision behavior of icebergs with different drift rates under the action of ocean currents with the submarine slope. The overall control system enables each system to work together to accurately simulate the entire process of submarine landslides caused by the collision of icebergs with the submarine slope during the falling and drifting movements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering geology, and particularly relates to an experimental device and method for simulating submarine landslides triggered by the collision of icebergs with submarine slopes. Background Technique

[0002] Submarine landslides are common marine geological disasters, which are the process of rapid sliding of submarine sediments under the action of gravity. Their inducing factors are diverse, and the collision of icebergs with submarine slopes is one of the inducing factors. The impact of icebergs on submarine slopes can induce the formation and expansion of shear zones within the slopes, thus posing a danger to submarine infrastructure.

[0003] Currently, experimental studies related to submarine landslides mainly focus on inducing factors such as earthquakes, waves, and gas hydrate exploitation, as well as subsequent catastrophes such as landslide-generated tsunamis and pipeline impacts. Little attention has been paid to the collision effect of icebergs on submarine slopes, and the research on submarine landslides caused by the falling and grounding of icebergs hitting submarine slopes is relatively insufficient. In order to better simulate submarine landslides triggered by the collision of icebergs with submarine slopes, there is an urgent need for an experimental device suitable for simulating submarine landslides triggered by the collision of icebergs with submarine slopes, to study the impact of iceberg collisions on the stability of submarine slopes, reveal the occurrence mechanism of related submarine landslides, and achieve the purpose of improving the safety of submarine engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the technology and provide an experimental device and method for simulating submarine landslides triggered by the collision of icebergs with submarine slopes, which is suitable for analyzing the whole process of submarine landslides triggered by iceberg collisions in submarine slopes.

[0005] The embodiment of the present application discloses an experimental device for simulating submarine landslides triggered by the collision of icebergs with submarine slopes, which includes a temperature control water tank system, a track arrangement system, an ice block vertical impact system, an ice block horizontal impact system, a submarine slope, and an overall control system:

[0006] The temperature control water tank system serves as the place for the experiment. The temperature control water tank system includes an uncovered temperature control water tank, a temperature control device, and a thermometer. A certain height of water level is set in the uncovered temperature control water tank, and the water temperature is controlled by the temperature control device to simulate the low-temperature environment of the glacial sea area;

[0007] The track arrangement system is used to control the falling position of the ice block relative to the submarine slope. It includes a slide rail, a slide rail fixing device, a bow-shaped slider, and a hydraulic lifting rod. There are two slide rails in total, which are fixed on the uncovered temperature control water tank through the slide rail fixing device; both ends of the bow-shaped slider are located on the two slide rails and can slide freely in both directions along the slide rail; the hydraulic lifting rod is built in the center of the bow-shaped slider;

[0008] The ice block vertical impact system includes an ice block fixing device and an ice block. The ice block fixing device is connected to the hydraulic lifting rod, and the hydraulic lifting rod can adjust the height of the ice block fixing device. The ice block fixing device is used to fix the ice block;

[0009] The ice block horizontal impact system includes a cable, a rotating shaft, a fixed rotating shaft, and a motor. There are two cables in total. One end is wound and fixed on the ice block, and the other end bypasses the rotating shaft and the fixed rotating shaft and is fixed on the motor; the rotating shaft is connected to the hydraulic lifting rod, the fixed rotating shaft is fixed on the lidless temperature control water tank, and the motor is fixed on the outer wall surface of the lidless temperature control water tank;

[0010] The seabed slope bedding is arranged in the lidless temperature control water tank;

[0011] The overall control system includes a hydraulic control device, a computer, and electric wires. The electric wires connect the hydraulic control device, the computer, the temperature control device, the hydraulic lifting rod, the ice block fixing device, and the motor.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature control water tank system includes a lidless temperature control water tank, a temperature control device, and a thermometer. The temperature control device is installed inside the lidless temperature control water tank, and the thermometer is arranged on the inner wall surface of the lidless temperature control water tank; the lidless temperature control water tank is a cuboid without a lid on the upper side. Two of the long side walls are transparent walls for observing the internal situation of the lidless temperature control water tank, and the lower side and two of the wide side walls are non-transparent walls. The temperature control device is built into the non-transparent walls; the temperature control device is used to cool the inside of the lidless temperature control water tank to a low temperature, and the refrigeration temperature range is 0 to 15 degrees Celsius. The temperature control device is a semiconductor refrigeration device; the temperature measurement range of the thermometer is 0 to 90 degrees Celsius.

[0013] Preferably, the slide rail is made of stainless steel plate. Two slide rails are arranged in parallel and are fixed above the lidless temperature control water tank by the slide rail fixing device and bolts after the position is adjusted.

[0014] Preferably, the bow-shaped slider is made of stainless steel. There is a through hole in the center of its top. The hydraulic lifting rod is a cylinder and is divided into a base section and a telescopic section. The length of the base section is fixed, and the length of the telescopic section can be changed; the hydraulic lifting rod can be inserted into the through hole in the center of the top of the bow-shaped slider, and the inside of the hole is smoothly connected to the base section of the hydraulic lifting rod by bolts.

[0015] Preferably, the ice block is made by freezing water in a mold. Its upper part is cylindrical for the two annular cutting edges to be embedded and clamped and the cable to be wound and bound; the lower part of the ice block is conical, and the tip of the cone is used to simulate the collision part of the iceberg and the seabed slope.

[0016] Preferably, the ice fixing device is made of stainless steel and can be assembled and connected to the hydraulic lifting rod through bolts. By adjusting the height of the telescopic joint of the hydraulic lifting rod, the fixing height of the ice fixing device can be changed; the two annular cutting edges of the ice fixing device can be embedded into the ice, so as to clamp the ice and fix it at a certain height above the lidless temperature control water tank.

[0017] Preferably, the ice fixing device can rotate horizontally freely around the axis of the hydraulic lifting rod to realize the opening and closing actions of the two annular cutting edges, so as to control the falling behavior of the ice and make it vertically impact the seabed slope; based on the fixing height of different ice fixing devices, the height of the water level line in the lidless temperature control water tank and the height of the seabed slope, the ice can impact the seabed slope at different vertical movement speeds.

[0018] Preferably, the rotating shaft can be assembled and connected to the telescopic joint of the hydraulic lifting rod through bolts, and its height in the lidless temperature control water tank can be freely adjusted according to the water level in the lidless temperature control water tank.

[0019] Preferably, the two cable ropes are made of polyethylene and can freely pass through the rotating shaft and the fixed rotating shaft. One end is wound and bound at different positions of the ice, and the other end is wound and bound on the motor; the rotating shaft, the fixed rotating shaft and the motor are all two-cable two-channels.

[0020] Preferably, the motor can electrically recover the cable ropes to pull the ice to move horizontally, so as to make the ice horizontally impact the seabed slope; based on different cable rope recovery speeds, the ice can impact the seabed slope at different horizontal movement speeds.

[0021] Preferably, the electric wire connects the computer to the hydraulic control device, and then connects the hydraulic control device to each hydraulic lifting rod to control the lifting movement of each hydraulic lifting rod and the falling height of the ice; the electric wire connects the temperature control equipment to the computer to control the internal temperature of the lidless temperature control water tank; the electric wire connects the ice fixing device to the computer to control the falling behavior of the ice; the electric wire connects the motor to the computer to control the recovery and recovery speed of the cable ropes, so as to control the horizontal movement behavior and movement speed of the ice.

[0022] The present invention also discloses an experimental method for triggering submarine landslides by iceberg collisions of the experimental device, which includes the following steps:

[0023] a. Place the lidless temperature control water tank flat on a horizontal platform and deploy relevant observation instruments around the lidless temperature control water tank;

[0024] b. Lay soil in the lidless temperature-controlled water tank to arrange the seabed slope, and fill the lidless temperature-controlled water tank with water to the specified water level height;

[0025] c. Turn on the overall control system to make the temperature control device enter the working state, input the specified refrigeration temperature to start refrigeration, so that the thermometer reading reaches the experimental control temperature and keep the thermometer reading stable; then input the elevation of the end of each hydraulic lifting rod telescopic section, and change the length of each hydraulic lifting rod through the hydraulic transmission and control device, and drive the ice fixing device to move up and down;

[0026] d. By operating the computer, open the annular knife edge in the ice fixing device, place the ice in the specified position, and then close the annular knife edge to clamp the ice so that it is at the specified falling height;

[0027] e. Wind one end of the two cables around the ice, keep a certain distance between the upper and lower winding positions of the two cables, and adjust through the computer. The other end passes through the rotating shaft and the fixed rotating shaft and is wound and fixed on the motor;

[0028] f. By operating the computer, open the annular knife edge in the ice fixing device to make the ice fall; if the ice vertically impacts the seabed slope, observe and record whether a landslide occurs; if a landslide occurs, the observation instrument further records the process of the landslide and the relevant data after the landslide body stabilizes;

[0029] g. If the ice fails to vertically impact the seabed slope, then by operating the computer, control the motor to pull back the two cables at the same rate to make the ice move horizontally, observe and record whether the seabed slope is horizontally impacted by the ice and whether a landslide occurs. When the ice impacts the seabed slope, turn off the motor; if a landslide occurs, the observation instrument further records the process of the landslide and the relevant data after the landslide body stabilizes.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] The present invention relates to an experimental device for simulating submarine landslides triggered by the collision of an iceberg with a submarine slope. Among them, the temperature control water tank system combines non-transparent and transparent walls to achieve both temperature control and observation functions, so as to simulate the low-temperature environment of the glacial sea area and observe the failure behavior of the submarine slope. The track layout system changes the falling position of the ice block relative to the submarine slope by adjusting the position of the bow-shaped slider, so as to simulate different collision positions between the iceberg and the submarine slope. The vertical ice block impact system connects the hydraulic lifting rod to the bow-shaped slider and controls the falling height of the ice block by controlling the height of the hydraulic lifting rod, so as to simulate the vertical collision behavior of ice blocks falling from different heights on the iceberg with the submarine slope. The horizontal ice block impact system adjusts the height of the rotating shaft through the hydraulic lifting rod to adapt to different water level heights, so that the cable can horizontally pull the ice block and give it a horizontal speed, and controls the speed of the ice block moving horizontally by controlling the speed of the motor to retract the cable, so as to simulate the horizontal collision behavior of icebergs with different drift rates and the submarine slope under the action of ocean currents. The overall control system enables each system to work together to accurately simulate and observe the whole process of submarine landslides caused by the collision of the iceberg with the submarine slope during the falling and drifting movements, providing a convenient, efficient and fully functional experimental device for studying the mechanism of submarine landslides caused by the collision of the iceberg with the submarine slope during the falling and drifting movements.

[0032] The present invention fills the blank in the field of simulating submarine landslides triggered by the collision of an iceberg with a submarine slope in the field of ocean engineering geology, and has a strong guiding role in studying the generation mechanism of submarine landslides, secondary natural geological disasters caused by global warming, and ensuring the safety of ocean engineering construction near icebergs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is the front view of the vertical ice block impact system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is the top view of the vertical ice block impact system of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the horizontal ice block impact system of the present invention;

[0037] In the figure: 1 - lidless temperature control water tank; 2 - temperature control equipment; 3 - slide rail; 4 - slide rail fixing device; 5 - bow-shaped slider; 6 - thermometer; 7 - hydraulic lifting rod; 8 - ice block fixing device; 9 - ice block; 10 - cable; 11 - rotating shaft; 12 - fixed rotating shaft; 13 - motor; 14 - submarine slope; 15 - hydraulic transmission and control device; 16 - base section; 17 - telescopic section; 18 - computer; 19 - electric wire; 20 - annular knife edge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0038] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and do not have any limiting effect on it.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment specifically discloses an experimental device for simulating the collision between an iceberg and a submarine slope to cause a submarine landslide, which includes a temperature-controlled water tank system, a track arrangement system, an ice vertical impact system, an ice horizontal impact system, a submarine slope and an overall control system: wherein the temperature-controlled water tank system is used as the main place for the experiment on the one hand, and is used to control the low temperature environment of the glacial sea area on the other hand. The track arrangement system changes the falling position of the ice relative to the submarine slope by adjusting the position of the bow-shaped slider. The ice vertical impact system controls the falling height of the ice by controlling the height of the hydraulic lifting rod. The ice horizontal impact system controls the speed of the horizontal movement of the ice by controlling the speed of the motor recovery cable. The ice vertical impact system and the ice horizontal impact system simulate the vertical and horizontal collision behaviors of the iceberg and the submarine slope respectively. The submarine slope 14 is paved and arranged in the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank 1; the overall control system is used to control the experimental process.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the temperature-controlled water tank system includes an uncovered temperature-controlled water tank 1, a temperature control device 2, and a thermometer 6, wherein the temperature control device 2 is installed inside the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank 1, and the thermometer 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank 1; the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank is a rectangular parallelepiped, with a length×width×height=5 meters×2.5 meters×2 meters, no cover on the upper side, and a thickness of 10 centimeters on the four side walls, wherein the two long side walls are transparent walls, and the transparent walls are made of plexiglass for observing the actual situation inside the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank, and the lower side and the two wide side walls are non-transparent walls, and the temperature control device is built-in in the non-transparent wall; the temperature control device can cool the inside of the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank to a low temperature, and the temperature variation range is 0 to 15 degrees Celsius, so that the ice cubes do not melt on a large scale within a short experimental time, wherein the type of the refrigeration device is a semiconductor refrigeration device; the temperature measurement range of the thermometer is 0 to 90 degrees Celsius.

[0041] The described track arrangement system includes slide rails 3, slide rail fixing devices 4, bow-shaped sliders 5, and hydraulic lifting rods 7. There are two slide rails 3 in total, which are fixed on the lidless temperature-controlled water tank 1 through the slide rail fixing devices 4. Both ends of the bow-shaped slider 5 are located on the two slide rails 3 respectively and can slide freely in both directions along the slide rails 3. The hydraulic lifting rod 7 is built in the center of the bow-shaped slider 5. The hydraulic lifting rod 7 is divided into a base section 16 and a telescopic section 17. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the slide rails are made of stainless steel plates, with a length of 5.5 meters and a thickness of 10 centimeters. After adjusting the position, they are fixed above the lidless temperature-controlled water tank through the slide rail fixing devices and bolts.

[0042] The described overall control system includes a hydraulic transmission control device 15, a computer 18, and electric wires 19. The electric wires 19 connect the hydraulic transmission control device 15, the computer 18 with the temperature control device 2, the hydraulic lifting rod 7, the ice fixing device 8, and the motor 13. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the electric wires connect the computer to the hydraulic transmission control device, and then connect the hydraulic transmission control device to each hydraulic lifting rod to control the lifting movement of each hydraulic lifting rod and the falling height of the ice cubes. The electric wires connect the temperature control device to the computer to control the internal temperature of the lidless temperature-controlled water tank. The electric wires connect the ice fixing device to the computer to control the falling behavior of the ice cubes. The electric wires connect the motor to the computer to control the recovery of the cable and the recovery speed, thereby controlling the horizontal movement behavior and movement speed of the ice cubes.

[0043] The ice vertical impact system of the present invention includes an ice fixing device 8 and ice cubes 9. The ice fixing device 8 is connected to the hydraulic lifting rod 7. There are two annular cutting edges 20 in the ice fixing device 8. Figure 2 As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the ice fixing device is made of stainless steel and can be assembled and connected to the hydraulic lifting rod through bolts. By adjusting the height of the telescopic section of the hydraulic lifting rod, the fixing height of the ice fixing device can be changed. The two annular cutting edges of the ice fixing device can be embedded into the ice cubes to clamp the ice cubes and fix them at a certain height above the lidless temperature-controlled water tank.

[0044] As Figure 3As shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the ice fixing device can rotate horizontally freely around the axis of the hydraulic lifting rod to realize the opening and closing actions of the two annular cutting edges, thereby controlling the falling behavior of the ice, making it vertically impact the seabed slope; based on the fixing height of different ice fixing devices, the height of the water level line in the lidless temperature control water tank, and the height of the seabed slope, the ice can impact the seabed slope at different vertical movement speeds.

[0045] As Figure 4 shown, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, the ice horizontal impact system includes a cable 10, a rotating shaft 11, a fixed rotating shaft 12, and a motor 13. There are two cables 10 in total. One end is wound and fixed on the ice 9, and the other end is fixed on the motor 13 through the rotating shaft 11 and the fixed rotating shaft 12; the rotating shaft 11 is connected to the hydraulic lifting rod 7, the fixed rotating shaft 12 is fixed on the lidless temperature control water tank 1, and the motor 13 is fixed on the outer wall surface of the lidless temperature control water tank 1; the motor can electrically recover the cable to pull the ice to move horizontally, making it horizontally impact the seabed slope; based on different cable recovery speeds, the ice can impact the seabed slope at different horizontal movement speeds.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bow-shaped slider is made of stainless steel, and there is a through hole with a diameter of 10 cm in the center of its top. The hydraulic lifting rod is a cylinder with a diameter of 10 cm and is divided into two sections. The basic section is 0.5 m long, and the length change range of the telescopic section is 0.1 - 1.0 m; the hydraulic lifting rod can be inserted into the through hole in the center of the top of the bow-shaped slider, and the inside of the hole is smoothly connected to the basic section of the hydraulic lifting rod through bolts.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ice is made by freezing water in a mold. Its upper part is cylindrical for the two annular cutting edges to be embedded and clamped and the cable to be wound and bound; the lower part of the ice is conical, and the tip of the cone is used to simulate the collision part of the iceberg and the seabed slope.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating shaft can be assembled and connected to the telescopic section of the hydraulic lifting rod through bolts, and its height in the lidless temperature control water tank can be freely adjusted according to the water level in the lidless temperature control water tank.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two cables are made of polyethylene. They can freely pass through the rotating shaft and the fixed rotating shaft. One end is wound and bound at different positions on the ice, and the other end is wound and bound on the motor; the rotating shaft, the fixed rotating shaft, and the motor are all two-cable and two-channel.

[0050] According to the experimental device for simulating the collision between an iceberg and a submarine slope to trigger a submarine landslide, the specific operation steps for conducting the submarine landslide stability analysis experiment are as follows:

[0051] a. Place the lidless temperature-controlled water tank flat on a horizontal platform, and deploy relevant observation instruments around the lidless temperature-controlled water tank;

[0052] b. Lay soil in the lidless temperature-controlled water tank to arrange the submarine slope, and fill the lidless temperature-controlled water tank with water to the specified water level height;

[0053] c. Turn on the overall control system to make the temperature control device enter the working state. Input the specified refrigeration temperature to start refrigeration, so that the thermometer reading reaches the experimental control temperature and remains stable; then input the elevation of the end of the telescopic section of each hydraulic lifting rod, change the length of each hydraulic lifting rod through the hydraulic transmission and control device, and drive the ice block fixing device to move up and down;

[0054] d. Through operating the computer, open the annular knife edge in the ice block fixing device, place the ice block at the specified position, and then close the annular knife edge to clamp the ice block so that it is at the specified falling height;

[0055] e. Wind one end of the two cables around the ice block, keep a certain distance between the winding positions of the two cables up and down, and adjust through the computer. The other end passes through the rotating shaft and the fixed rotating shaft and is wound and fixed on the motor;

[0056] f. Through operating the computer, open the annular knife edge in the ice block fixing device to make the ice block fall; if the ice block vertically impacts the submarine slope, observe and record whether a landslide occurs; if a landslide occurs, the observation instruments further record the process of the landslide and the relevant data after the landslide body stabilizes;

[0057] g. If the ice block fails to vertically impact the submarine slope, then through operating the computer, control the motor to pull back the two cables at the same rate to make the ice block move horizontally, observe and record whether the submarine slope is horizontally impacted by the ice block and whether a landslide occurs. When the ice block impacts the submarine slope, turn off the motor; if a landslide occurs, the observation instruments further record the process of the landslide and the relevant data after the landslide body stabilizes;

[0058] h. Turn off the temperature control device, adjust all the hydraulic lifting rods to their initial default lengths, close the annular cutting edge, retract the cable, turn off the overall control system, disconnect the wires, drain the water and soil in the lidless temperature control water tank, clean the annular cutting edge, the rotating shaft, the thermometer, the cable, the wires, wipe the inner wall of the lidless temperature control water tank and the hydraulic lifting rods, and store them in a dry and ventilated place for future use.

[0059] Matters not covered by this invention are well-known technologies.

[0060] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating submarine landslides triggered by the collision of an iceberg with a submarine slope, characterized in that it includes a temperature-controlled water tank system, an orbital arrangement system, an ice block vertical impact system, an ice block horizontal impact system, a submarine slope, and an overall control system: The temperature-controlled water tank system serves as the venue for the experiment. The temperature-controlled water tank system includes an uncovered temperature-controlled water tank (1), a temperature control device (2), and a thermometer (6). A water level of a certain height is set in the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank (1), and the temperature of the water body is controlled by the temperature control device (2) to simulate the low-temperature environment of the glacial sea area; The orbital arrangement system is used to control the falling position of the ice block relative to the submarine slope. It includes a slide rail (3), a slide rail fixing device (4), a bow-shaped slider (5), and a hydraulic lifting rod (7). There are two slide rails (3) in total, which are fixed on the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank (1) through the slide rail fixing device (4); both ends of the bow-shaped slider (5) are located on the two slide rails (3) and can slide freely in both directions along the slide rail (3); the hydraulic lifting rod (7) is built in the center of the bow-shaped slider (5); The ice block vertical impact system includes an ice block fixing device (8) and an ice block (9). The ice block fixing device (8) is connected to the hydraulic lifting rod (7), and the hydraulic lifting rod (7) can adjust the height of the ice block fixing device (8). The ice block fixing device (8) is used to fix the ice block (9); The ice block horizontal impact system includes a cable (10), a rotating shaft (11), a fixed rotating shaft (12), and a motor (13). There are two cables (10) in total. One end is wound and fixed on the ice block (9), and the other end bypasses the rotating shaft (11) and the fixed rotating shaft (12) and is fixed on the motor (13); the rotating shaft (11) is connected to the hydraulic lifting rod (7), the fixed rotating shaft (12) is fixed on the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank (1), and the motor (13) is fixed on the outer wall surface of the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank (1); The submarine slope (14) is laid in the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank (1); The overall control system includes a hydraulic transmission and control device (15), a computer (18), and an electric wire (19). The electric wire (19) connects the hydraulic transmission and control device (15), the computer (18) with the temperature control device (2), the hydraulic lifting rod (7), the ice block fixing device (8), and the motor (13).

2. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature-controlled water tank system includes an uncovered temperature-controlled water tank (1), a temperature control device (2), and a thermometer (6). The temperature control device (2) is installed inside the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank (1), and the thermometer (6) is arranged on the inner side wall of the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank (1). The uncovered temperature-controlled water tank is a cuboid without a cover on the upper side. Two of its long side walls are transparent walls for observing the internal situation of the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank, and the lower side and two wide side walls are non-transparent walls. The temperature control device is built into the non-transparent walls. The temperature control device is used to cool the inside of the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank to a low temperature, and the refrigeration temperature range is 0 to 15 degrees Celsius. The temperature control device is a semiconductor refrigeration device. The temperature measurement range of the thermometer is 0 to 90 degrees Celsius.

3. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the slide rail is made of stainless steel plate. Two slide rails (3) are arranged in parallel and are fixed above the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank by the slide rail fixing device and bolts after the position is adjusted.

4. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bow-shaped slider is made of stainless steel. There is a through hole in the center of its top. The hydraulic lifting rod is a cylinder and is divided into a base section (16) and a telescopic section (17). The length of the base section is fixed, and the length of the telescopic section can be changed. The hydraulic lifting rod can be inserted into the through hole in the center of the top of the bow-shaped slider, and the inside of the hole is smoothly connected to the base section of the hydraulic lifting rod by bolts.

5. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the ice fixing device (8) consists of two parts. Each part is provided with a circular knife edge (20) at the front end, and the tail ends can freely rotate horizontally around the axis of a hydraulic lifting rod to realize the opening and closing actions of the two circular knife edges. When closed, the two circular knife edges (20) form a ring and can be embedded into the ice to fix the ice. When opened, the ice will fall. The ice is made by freezing water in a mold. Its upper part is cylindrical for the two circular knife edges to be embedded and clamped and the cable to be wound and tied. The lower part of the ice is conical, and the tip of the cone is used to simulate the collision part of the iceberg and the seabed slope.

6. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the ice fixing device is made of stainless steel and can be assembled and connected to the hydraulic lifting rod by bolts. By adjusting the height of the telescopic section of the hydraulic lifting rod, the fixing height of the ice fixing device can be changed; Based on the fixing height of different ice fixing devices, the height of the water level line in the uncovered temperature-controlled water tank, and the height of the seabed slope, the ice can impact the seabed slope at different vertical movement speeds.

7. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft can be assembled and connected to the telescopic joint of the hydraulic lifting rod through bolts, and its height in the lidless temperature control water tank can be freely adjusted according to the water level in the lidless temperature control water tank; the two cables are made of polyethylene, and can freely pass through the rotating shaft and the fixed rotating shaft. One end is wound and bound at different positions of the ice block, and the other end is wound and bound on the motor; the rotating shaft, the fixed rotating shaft and the motor all have two ropes and two channels.

8. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor can electrically retract the cable to pull the ice block to move horizontally, so that it horizontally impacts the seabed slope; based on different cable retraction speeds, the ice block can impact the seabed slope at different horizontal movement speeds.

9. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that The wire connects the computer to the hydraulic control device, and then connects the hydraulic control device to each hydraulic lifting rod to control the lifting movement of each hydraulic lifting rod and the falling height of the ice block; the wire connects the temperature control device to the computer to control the internal temperature of the lidless temperature control water tank; the wire connects the ice block fixing device to the computer to control the falling behavior of the ice block; the wire connects the motor to the computer to control the retraction and retraction speed of the cable, so as to control the horizontal movement behavior and movement speed of the ice block.

10. An experimental method for triggering submarine landslides by iceberg collisions of the experimental device according to claim 9, characterized in that it includes the following steps: a. Place the lidless temperature control water tank flat on a horizontal platform, and deploy relevant observation instruments around the lidless temperature control water tank; b. Lay soil in the lidless temperature control water tank to arrange the seabed slope, and fill the lidless temperature control water tank with water to the specified water level height; c. Turn on the overall control system, make the temperature control device enter the working state, input the specified refrigeration temperature to start refrigeration, so that the thermometer reading reaches the experimental control temperature and keep the thermometer reading stable; then input the elevation of the end of each telescopic joint of the hydraulic lifting rod, and change the length of each hydraulic lifting rod through the hydraulic control device, and drive the ice block fixing device to move up and down; d. By operating the computer, open the annular knife edge in the ice block fixing device, place the ice block in the specified position, and then close the annular knife edge to clamp the ice block so that it is at the specified falling height; e. Wind one end of the two cables around the ice block, keep a certain distance between the winding positions of the two cables up and down, and adjust through the computer. The other end passes through the rotating shaft and the fixed rotating shaft and is wound and fixed on the motor; f. By operating the computer, open the annular knife edge in the ice block fixing device to make the ice block fall; if the ice block vertically impacts the seabed slope, observe and record whether a landslide occurs; if a landslide occurs, the observation instrument further records the process of the landslide and the relevant data after the landslide body stabilizes; g. If the ice block fails to vertically impact the submarine slope, operate the computer to control the motor to retract the two cables at the same rate, causing the ice block to move horizontally. Observe and record whether the submarine slope is horizontally impacted by the ice block and whether a landslide occurs. After the ice block impacts the submarine slope, turn off the motor. If a landslide occurs, the observation instrument further records the process of the landslide and relevant data after the landslide mass stabilizes.

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