Single cylinder latch mechanism and crane

Abstract

The present invention discloses a single-cylinder latch mechanism and a crane, the single-cylinder latch mechanism comprises a structural body and a driving mechanism, the structural body is provided with a cylinder pin and a cylinder pin slot plate, the cylinder pin fork on the cylinder pin is inserted into the guide slot of the cylinder pin slot plate, when the driving mechanism drives the cylinder pin slot plate to move left and right, the cylinder pin extends out and inserts into the cylinder pin hole at the tail of the arm tube or retracts into the structural body, the cylinder pin end has a pair of first working surfaces and a pair of second working surfaces on the circumferential surface, the cylinder pin extends while rotating around its own axis, the working surface contacting and cooperating with the cylinder pin hole is switched from the second working surface to the first working surface, and there is a smaller matching gap between the first working surface and the cylinder pin hole; the crane comprises the single-cylinder latch mechanism. The present invention can improve the shaking impact problem of the retracted arm startup caused by the gap between the cylinder pin hole and the cylinder pin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to engineering machinery, in particular to a single-cylinder latch mechanism and a crane comprising the single-cylinder latch mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The single-cylinder latch crane has a boom assembly mainly composed of a relatively independent boom and a telescopic cylinder, and the locking and unlocking of the two are achieved through the single-cylinder latch mechanism on the telescopic cylinder.

[0003] Figures 1 to 3 The structure diagram of the existing single-cylinder latch mechanism is shown, in which the driving cylinder 9 is installed on the spring bracket 10, which is composed of two single-acting cylinders welded together and has two output ends; the spring bracket 10 is fixed on the structural main body 1; the left output end of the driving cylinder 9 is connected to the cylinder pin connecting rod 4, and the cylinder pin connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the cylinder pin groove plate 3. The cylinder pins 2 arranged symmetrically on both sides are built into the structural main body 1, and the upper part of the cylinder pin 2 is affected by the guide groove of the cylinder pin groove plate 3, so that the cylinder pin 2 can perform telescopic movement in the structural main body 1. The right output end of the driving cylinder 9 is connected to two dovetail groove connecting rods 7 through the end plate 13, and the dovetail groove connecting rod 7 is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove groove plate 6. The dovetail groove 5 is affected by the guide groove of the dovetail groove groove plate 6 and can move up and down. The cylinder pin pressing plate 11 is fixedly connected to the cylinder pin connecting rod 4 and can slide on the dovetail groove connecting rod 7. The dovetail groove pressing plate 12 is fixedly connected to the dovetail groove connecting rod 7 and can slide on the cylinder pin connecting rod 4. A return spring 8 is sleeved on both the cylinder pin connecting rod 4 and the dovetail groove connecting rod 7 . The return spring 8 is located between the cylinder pin pressure plate 11 and the dovetail groove pressure plate 12 . The cylinder pin pressure plate 11 and the dovetail groove pressure plate 12 are located on the inner side of the spring bracket 10 .

[0004] Cylinder pin retracts: Figure 2 , the left output end of the driving cylinder 9 extends out to push the cylinder pin connecting rod 4, thereby pushing the cylinder pin slot plate 3, so that the cylinder pin 2 retracts into the interior of the structural body 1. In this process, the reset spring 8 is compressed.

[0005] Cylinder pin extension: Figure 1 The left output end of the driving cylinder 9 retracts under the action of the return spring 8, driving the cylinder pin connecting rod 4 and the cylinder pin groove plate 3 to move back, so that the cylinder pin 2 extends out of the structural body 1.

[0006] The right output end of the driving cylinder 9 is used to control the lateral movement of the dovetail groove plate 6, thereby moving the dovetail groove 5 up and down. The dovetail groove 5 is used to pull down the arm pin to unlock each boom. The arm pin is a component of the arm pin locking mechanism, and its function is to lock each section of the boom together. Generally, there are 1 or 2 arm pins on one section of the boom.

[0007] Each section of the arm tube tail 14 of the single cylinder latch type crane arm has two cylinder pin holes 15, and the cylinder pins 2 on both sides extend out and insert into the cylinder pin holes 15 of the corresponding arm tube tail 14 to achieve the locking of the telescopic cylinder and the arm tube, thereby synchronizing the movement of the telescopic cylinder with the movement of the locked arm tube. When the arm tube moves to the set position and the arm tubes are locked, the cylinder pins 2 on both sides retract to unlock the telescopic cylinder and the arm tube.

[0008] The technical problems existing in the above-mentioned existing single-cylinder latch mechanism are:

[0009] like Figure 3 As shown, in order to ensure the success rate of the cylinder pin 2 being inserted into the cylinder pin hole 15, the width of the cylinder pin hole 15 is larger than the width of the cylinder pin 2, and there is a certain gap d between the two, which is generally 20 to 50 mm. During the start-up phase of the long arm and long working condition, the telescopic cylinder pulls the extension arm from static, starting, accelerating to stable movement. There is a phenomenon of asynchronous retraction between the crane arm and the telescopic cylinder due to different load changes. In addition, the existence of the gap between the cylinder pin 2 and the cylinder pin hole 15 leads to poor smoothness in the start-up of the retracted arm, which is manifested as the boom moving faster and slower, the speed is uncontrollable, the speed fluctuates significantly, and is accompanied by abnormal noise. This phenomenon varies with the difference in the length of the crane arm, and is particularly obvious under the conditions of full arm length and low amplitude angle.

[0010] As customers' requirements for crane maneuverability increase and market competition intensifies, it becomes urgent to solve the problems of vibration and abnormal noise when retracting the boom. In view of this, it is necessary to improve the existing single-cylinder latch mechanism. Summary of the invention

[0011] Purpose of the invention: The first purpose of the present invention is to propose a single-cylinder latch mechanism, which can improve the problem of jitter impact at the start of retracting the arm caused by the gap between the cylinder pin hole and the cylinder pin; the second purpose of the present invention is to propose a crane with the single-cylinder latch mechanism.

[0012] Technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a single-cylinder latch mechanism, including a structural body and a driving mechanism. The structural body is provided with a cylinder pin and a cylinder pin groove plate. The cylinder pin fork on the cylinder pin is inserted into the guide groove of the cylinder pin groove plate. When the driving mechanism drives the cylinder pin groove plate to move left and right, the cylinder pin extends out and is inserted into the cylinder pin hole at the tail end of the arm tube or retracts into the structural body. A pair of first working surfaces and a pair of second working surfaces are provided on the circumferential surface of the cylinder pin end. While the cylinder pin is extended, it also rotates around its own axis, switching the working surface in contact with the cylinder pin hole from the second working surface to the first working surface, and a smaller matching clearance is provided between the first working surface and the cylinder pin hole.

[0013] The present invention provides a single cylinder pin mechanism with a rotatable cylinder pin, which uses a composite action of the cylinder pin's linear motion and rotational motion to replace the original cylinder pin's linear motion. Through the cylinder pin's rotational displacement, the matching clearance between the cylinder pin and the cylinder pin hole can be adjusted, which can greatly reduce the clearance between the cylinder pin and the cylinder pin hole, avoiding the impact and shaking problem of the retracted arm startup caused by the clearance, and improving the telescopic smoothness and controllability of the single cylinder pin crane.

[0014] Furthermore, in order to ensure the success rate and smoothness when inserting and withdrawing the cylinder pin, the existing single-cylinder latch mechanism must maintain the telescopic cylinder speed at a relatively low level, which affects the telescopic efficiency on the one hand; on the other hand, once the speed of inserting and withdrawing the cylinder pin is lower than the minimum stable movement speed of the mechanism, it will cause telescopic vibration, affecting the customer's operating comfort.

[0015] To this end, the second working surface is set as an inclined surface to provide guidance when the cylinder pin is inserted into and withdrawn from the cylinder pin hole.

[0016] This technical solution utilizes the cylinder pin bevel guide design to effectively improve the success rate of inserting and removing the cylinder pin. The speed of inserting and removing the cylinder pin can be maintained at a normal value, further improving the smoothness of the process of inserting and removing the cylinder pin. At the same time, it can also effectively avoid the impact vibration and abnormal noise in the process of inserting and removing the cylinder pin, and improve the comfort of operation. Combining the advantages of the above-mentioned cylinder pin rotation displacement switching working surface, it not only improves the existing single-cylinder latch mechanism. The problem of arm retraction startup vibration impact also solves the contradiction between the success rate of inserting and removing the cylinder pin and the telescopic efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the first working surface and the second working surface are perpendicular to each other.

[0018] Furthermore, a shift fork guide groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the cylinder pin, and the lower end of the cylinder pin shift fork is slidably matched with the shift fork guide groove; when the cylinder pin rotates around its own axis, the cylinder pin shift fork moves along the shift fork guide groove.

[0019] Furthermore, a rotation guide groove is opened on the circumferential surface of the cylinder pin, and the single-cylinder latch mechanism also includes a ring-shaped cylinder pin guide cover plate, which is arranged on the structural body, and its center hole is used for the cylinder pin to extend and retract; the cylinder pin guide cover plate is provided with a guide wheel for cooperating with the rotation guide groove, and when the cylinder pin is extended and retracted, it is constrained by the guide wheel to rotate around its own axis.

[0020] Furthermore, the cylinder pin rotation angle is 90°.

[0021] A second aspect of the present invention provides a crane, comprising the single-cylinder latch mechanism described in the first aspect.

[0022] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: it can improve the problem of arm retraction startup jitter impact caused by the gap between the cylinder pin hole and the cylinder pin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of a single cylinder latch mechanism in the prior art, wherein Figure 1 The cylinder pin is extended. Figure 2 The cylinder pin is in the retracted state;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which a cylinder pin is inserted into a cylinder pin hole at the tail of an arm tube in the prior art;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a single-cylinder latch mechanism in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the cylinder pin retracted state in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder pin in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cylinder pin guide cover plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure between the cylinder pin, the cylinder pin shift fork and the cylinder pin guide cover plate in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure numerals: 1, structural body; 2, cylinder pin; 201, fork guide groove; 202, rotation guide groove; 203, first working surface; 204, second working surface; 3, cylinder pin groove plate; 4, cylinder pin connecting rod; 5, dovetail groove; 6, dovetail groove groove plate; 7, dovetail groove connecting rod; 8, return spring; 9, driving cylinder; 10, bracket; 11, cylinder pin pressure plate; 12, dovetail groove pressure plate; 13, end plate; 14, tail of arm tube; 15, cylinder pin hole; 16, cylinder pin fork; 17, cylinder pin guide cover plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 4 and Figure 5 The single-cylinder latch mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown, and the single-cylinder latch mechanism includes a structural body 1, a cylinder pin guide cover plate 17 and a driving mechanism. A cylinder pin 2 is provided on the front and rear sides of the structural body 1, and a cylinder pin slot plate 3 is provided above the cylinder pin 2. The cylinder pin 2 cooperates with the guide slot of the cylinder pin slot plate 3 by using the cylinder pin shift fork 16 thereon. A dovetail slot 5 is provided in the middle position in the front-to-back direction of the upper side of the structural body 1, and a vertical dovetail slot plate 6 is provided on the front and rear sides of the dovetail slot 5. The dovetail slot 5 slides with the guide slot on the dovetail slot plate 6 through the sliders at both ends.

[0034] The driving mechanism is used to drive the cylinder pin slot plate 3 to move horizontally to the left and right so that a pair of cylinder pins 2 extend out and insert into the cylinder pin hole 15 of the tail 14 of the arm tube or retract into the main body 1 of the structure. The driving mechanism is also used to drive a pair of dovetail slot plates 6 to move horizontally to the left and right, thereby causing the dovetail slot 5 to move up and down to cooperate with the arm pin. The driving mechanism includes a cylinder pin connecting rod 4, a dovetail slot connecting rod 7, a return spring 8, a driving cylinder 9, a bracket 10, a cylinder pin pressure plate 11, a dovetail slot pressure plate 12 and an end plate 13. The positions of the various components constituting the driving mechanism, the connection relationship between each other, and the working mechanism of the driving mechanism are exactly the same as those described in the background technology section of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0035] Figure 6 The structure diagram of the cylinder pin 2 in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The circumferential surface of the end of the cylinder pin 2 has a pair of first working surfaces 203 and a pair of second working surfaces 204. The second working surface 204 is an inclined surface, which is used to provide guidance when the cylinder pin 2 is inserted into and withdrawn from the cylinder pin hole 15. The first working surface 203 and the second working surface 204 are perpendicular to each other.

[0036] Combination Figure 8 The circumferential surface of the cylinder pin 2 is provided with a fork guide groove 201 and a rotation guide groove 202. The lower end of the cylinder pin fork 16 is slidably matched with the fork guide groove 201. For example, the fork guide groove 201 is set to be a groove with a "convex" cross section, and the lower end of the cylinder pin fork 16 is set to match the shape of the groove. The upper end of the cylinder pin fork 16 extends into the guide groove of the cylinder pin groove plate 3.

[0037] Figure 7 The structure diagram of the cylinder pin guide cover plate 17 is shown in FIG. The cylinder pin guide cover plate 17 is annular, and a guide wheel is fixed to the cylinder pin guide cover plate 17 through a connecting rod. The guide wheel is used to cooperate with the rotating guide groove 202. Figure 8 The cylinder pin guide cover plate 17 is fixed on the structural main body 1, and the central hole of the cylinder pin guide cover plate 17 is used for the cylinder pin 2 to extend and retract.

[0038] The embodiment of the present application also provides a crane, the boom assembly of the crane has the single-cylinder latch mechanism described in the embodiment of the present application. Therefore, the crane has the beneficial effects of the single-cylinder latch mechanism.

[0039] The working principle of the present invention is:

[0040] When the cylinder pin 2 extends, it is constrained by the guide wheel, and the cylinder pin 2 rotates 90° around its own axis, and at the same time, the cylinder pin shift fork 16 moves along the shift fork guide groove 201. When the cylinder pin 2 retracts, the cylinder pin 2 rotates 90° in the opposite direction.

[0041] When the cylinder pin 2 is extended, rotating 90° can switch the working surface in contact with the cylinder pin hole 15 from the second working surface 204 (inclined surface) to the first working surface 203 (plane), that is, the working surface of the cylinder pin 2 is rotated from the inclined surface to the plane, and there is a smaller fitting clearance between the first working surface 203 (plane) and the cylinder pin hole 15.

[0042] The inclined surface arranged on the cylinder pin 2 has a good guiding effect, and can ensure the success rate of plugging and pulling out and the smoothness of the movement during the plugging and pulling out process of the cylinder pin 2.

[0043] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements that can be easily thought of by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A single cylinder latch mechanism, comprising a structural body (1) and a driving mechanism, wherein a cylinder pin (2) and a cylinder pin groove plate (3) are provided on the structural body (1), and a cylinder pin shift fork (16) on the cylinder pin (2) is inserted into a guide groove of the cylinder pin groove plate (3), and when the driving mechanism drives the cylinder pin groove plate (3) to move left and right, the cylinder pin (2) extends out and is inserted into a cylinder pin hole (15) at the tail end (14) of the arm tube or retracts into the structural body (1), characterized in that: A pair of first working surfaces (203) and a pair of second working surfaces (204) are provided on the circumferential surface of the end of the cylinder pin (2). When the cylinder pin (2) is extended, it also rotates around its own axis, and the working surface that contacts and cooperates with the cylinder pin hole (15) is switched from the second working surface (204) to the first working surface (203), and a smaller matching clearance is provided between the first working surface (203) and the cylinder pin hole (15).

2. The single-cylinder latch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second working surface (204) is an inclined surface, which is used to provide guidance when the cylinder pin (2) is inserted into and withdrawn from the cylinder pin hole (15).

3. The single-cylinder latch mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first working surface (203) and the second working surface (204) are perpendicular to each other.

4. The single-cylinder latch mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shift fork guide groove (201) is provided on the circumferential surface of the cylinder pin (2), and the lower end of the cylinder pin shift fork (16) is slidably matched with the shift fork guide groove (201); when the cylinder pin (2) rotates around its own axis, the cylinder pin shift fork (16) moves along the shift fork guide groove (201).

5. The single-cylinder latch mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotation guide groove (202) is provided on the circumferential surface of the cylinder pin (2). The single-cylinder latch mechanism also includes an annular cylinder pin guide cover plate (17). The cylinder pin guide cover plate (17) is arranged on the structural body (1), and its center hole is used for the cylinder pin (2) to extend and retract. The cylinder pin guide cover plate (17) is provided with a guide wheel for matching the rotation guide groove (202). When the cylinder pin (2) extends and retracts, it is constrained by the guide wheel to rotate around its own axis.

6. The single-cylinder latch mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The rotation angle of the cylinder pin (2) is 90°.

7. A crane, characterized in that: The invention comprises the single-cylinder latch mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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