A method for preparing ecological restoration packages using thermal insulation rock wool waste residue

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for preparing an ecological restoration package using thermal insulation rock wool waste residue. The method comprises: (1) calcining the thermal insulation rock wool waste residue, wherein the calcination temperature is not less than 300°C; (2) using soil and the thermal insulation rock wool waste residue that has been calcined as a matrix, wherein the content of the thermal insulation rock wool waste residue that has been calcined in the matrix is ​​not less than 50 wt%, and mixing the matrix, plant seeds and auxiliary materials evenly, and then putting them into an ecological bag to obtain the ecological restoration package. Compared with the prior art, the present invention effectively reduces the quality of the ecological restoration package, alleviates the soil extraction pressure of the ecological restoration package production, and reduces the waste of resources. On the other hand, the thermal insulation rock wool waste residue is large in quantity and easy to obtain, and the processing process is simple and the cost is low, thereby realizing the recycling of waste and reducing the pollution caused by waste to the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of resource utilization of solid waste, and specifically relates to a method for preparing an ecological restoration bag by utilizing thermal insulation rock wool waste residue. Background Art

[0002] Rock wool can be divided into industrial rock wool and agricultural rock wool according to the application field. Industrial rock wool is mainly used for heat preservation and sound insulation, while agricultural rock wool mainly serves as a soilless cultivation matrix. Due to the different functions of industrial rock wool and agricultural rock wool, there are significant differences in the selection of raw materials, processing technology, internal structure, etc. Industrial rock wool cannot simply replace agricultural rock wool: 1. In the production process, in order to keep the rock wool from deforming for a long time after being soaked in water, agricultural rock wool generally uses a hydrophilic-modified binder or adds a hydrophilic agent. Industrial rock wool only adds general binders, and its hydrophilicity is far less than that of agricultural rock wool. 2. Compared with the bulk density of 80~150k / cm³ of industrial rock wool, the bulk density of agricultural rock wool is smaller, generally between 60~80kg / cm³. 3. Agricultural rock wool adopts hammer processing, the fibers are tightly interwoven in a wavy manner, and the distribution of fibers has horizontal, vertical and three-dimensional mesh structures. Even horizontal and vertical fibers cannot be peeled off layer by layer. The fibers are evenly distributed, which is conducive to the extension and growth of the root system and ensures the uniform growth of crops. Industrial rock wool is processed by a four-roll centrifuge by centrifugation. The fibers are mostly horizontal sheets, unevenly distributed, and the gaps between the sheets are large. The roots can only grow in the gaps between the sheets and cannot spread to all the growth spaces of the rock wool. Therefore, the use of industrial rock wool not only makes the roots uncomfortable, but also causes water and nutrient waste, resulting in low crop yields. 4. Rock wool is generally alkaline. The pH value of agricultural rock wool can be adjusted after being soaked in acidic nutrient solution, but the pH value of industrial rock wool is not adjusted much after being soaked in acidic nutrient solution. The alkaline matrix has a great toxic effect on the seedling period.

[0003] Industrial thermal insulation rock wool produces a lot of waste during the production process. These wastes include waste rock wool, scraps and bottom slag, accounting for about 20% to 25% of the total output of finished rock wool boards. The main oxide components of thermal insulation rock wool waste are: SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, FeO, MgO, S, etc. SiO2, Al2O3, FeO mainly come from basalt, diabase, etc., CaO, MgO, etc. mainly come from dolomite, limestone, etc. Most thermal insulation rock wool waste is fibrous and has a sponge-like structure.

[0004] The production of industrial thermal insulation rock wool in my country has increased year by year, and the amount of thermal insulation rock wool waste has also increased. Due to its light bulk density, difficulty in degradation and low utilization rate, most of it is dumped and buried, which not only wastes manpower and transportation capacity, but also damages the environment. At present, studies have reported that my country's thermal insulation rock wool slag waste can be used as an anti-corrosion coating or as a concrete component to improve concrete performance. However, its comprehensive utilization rate is not high, and more resource-based approaches need to be developed to solve the problem of increasing rock wool waste.

[0005] Ecological restoration bag technology uses eco-bags, soil as a matrix, and adds fertilizers, organic matter, granulating agents, water-retaining agents, plant seeds, etc. After mixing evenly, they are placed in eco-bags as the basis for plant growth. Eco-bag slope protection and greening is one of the important construction methods in barren mountain and mine restoration, highway slope greening, river bank slope protection, and inland river regulation. Due to the industrialization, simplification, and standardization of the construction process, the ecological restoration bag technology has broad prospects in environmental greening and ecological restoration of island slope ecological restoration. However, the soil used in the ecological restoration bag is mostly taken locally or transported from outside. These two ways of obtaining soil have a certain impact on the ecological environment. At the same time, the restoration bag with soil as the main raw material is heavy, the construction is troublesome and laborious, and the soil and water loss is serious after the packaging is decomposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a method for preparing an ecological restoration package by using industrial insulation rock wool waste as a raw material to replace soil as the basis for plant growth after appropriate heat treatment. This method has a high utilization rate and a large utilization amount of industrial insulation rock wool waste, strong water retention, strong adhesion between waste slag particles, and is not prone to soil erosion. It not only realizes the resource utilization of waste, but also contributes to the restoration and protection of the ecological environment.

[0007] The technical solutions adopted by the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned purpose are as follows:

[0008] A method for preparing an ecological restoration package using thermal insulation rock wool waste residue, comprising:

[0009] (1) Calcine the thermal insulation rock wool waste residue at a temperature not less than 300 °C;

[0010] (2) Soil and calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue are used as a matrix, the content of the calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue in the matrix is ​​not less than 50 wt %. The matrix, plant seeds and auxiliary materials are mixed evenly and then packed into an ecological bag to obtain the ecological restoration package.

[0011] Preferably, the calcination temperature is 400-500 °C.

[0012] Preferably, the content of the calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue in the matrix is ​​60-90 wt%, more preferably 80 wt%.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary material does not include a water retaining agent.

[0014] Preferably, the auxiliary materials are selected from plant gum, plant fiber, balanced fertilizer, and organic matter.

[0015] The added amount of plant gum is 0.25~0.5% of the matrix mass, the added amount of plant fiber is 10~20% of the matrix mass, the added amount of balanced fertilizer is 0.04~0.1% of the matrix mass, and the added amount of organic matter is 0.001~0.003% of the matrix mass.

[0016] Preferably, the plant seeds are selected from the seeds of the following plants: ryegrass, flat spike wheatgrass, sweet osmanthus, awnless brome, reed fescue, alkali grass, white flower wheat osmanthus, small crown flower, buffalo grass, evergreen dianthus, iris, alkali grass, wheatgrass, alfalfa, February blue, daylily, Astragalus, ivy, climbing rose, creeper, wisteria, Euonymus fortunei, paradise grass, dogtooth stick, golden bell, caragana, sea buckthorn, Lespedeza, Amorpha fruticosa, yellow rose, Vitex, Mongolian Caryopteris, Ammopiptanthus, Salix psammophila, Salix yellow, Caragana korshinskii, cedar, Elaeagnus, Cotinus coggygria, Jujube, hibiscus, horsethorn, indigo plant, flower stick, and white thorn.

[0017] An ecological restoration package, which consists of a matrix, plant seeds, auxiliary materials and an ecological bag, and is characterized in that the matrix consists of soil and calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue, wherein the content of the calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue in the matrix is ​​not less than 50 wt%.

[0018] Preferably, the temperature of the calcination treatment is not less than 300°C.

[0019] Preferably, the auxiliary material does not include a water retaining agent.

[0020] Preferably, the matrix is ​​composed of 20 wt% soil and 80 wt% calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue;

[0021] The plant seeds are ryegrass seeds, 10 to 12 seeds / 100g of substrate;

[0022] The auxiliary materials are balanced fertilizer and potassium humate. The addition amount of the balanced fertilizer is 0.08 wt% of the matrix, and the addition amount of the potassium humate is 0.003 wt% of the matrix. The balanced fertilizer is a 15-15-15 potassium sulfate type mixed fertilizer.

[0023] Compared with the existing soil ecological bag, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. Rock wool itself is fibrous and has strong agglomeration. After heat treatment and combined with certain soil, it can unite well with plant roots and is not prone to soil erosion.

[0025] 2. After calcination, the thermal insulation rock wool waste residue has stronger water absorption and water holding capacity, creating a good growth environment for plants. Compared with the ecological restoration package of pure soil matrix, the present invention can save water retaining agent. After calcination, the thermal insulation rock wool can have a lower water-soluble salt content, thereby reducing salt damage to plants.

[0026] 3. After calcination, the thermal insulation rock wool waste can be used as a matrix to replace the soil used in the production of existing ecological restoration packages, effectively alleviating the pressure of soil extraction and reducing the waste of resources. On the other hand, the thermal insulation rock wool waste is large in quantity and easy to obtain, with a simple treatment process and low cost, thus realizing the recycling of waste and reducing the pollution caused by waste to the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the water holding capacity, water-soluble salt and germination rate of uncalcined rock wool waste slag and rock wool waste slag after calcination at different temperatures.

[0028] Figure 2 This is the specific ratio design diagram for different treatments of the ecological restoration package in Example 2.

[0029] Figure 3 The germination rate of ryegrass seeds under different ratios of the ecological restoration package in Example 2.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a comparison chart of the water holding capacity, plant height and germination rate of the matrix in Example 3 at different ratios. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0032] The method for preparing an ecological restoration package using thermal insulation rock wool waste residue of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0033] (1) Calcine the thermal insulation rock wool waste residue at a temperature not less than 300 °C;

[0034] (2) Soil and calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue are used as a matrix, the content of the calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue in the matrix is ​​not less than 50 wt %. The matrix, plant seeds and auxiliary materials are mixed evenly and then packed into an ecological bag to obtain the ecological restoration package.

[0035] The calcination time can be controlled within 1 to 2 hours.

[0036] The soil can be obtained locally without limitation.

[0037] Choose suitable plant seeds according to different natural growth environments, which can be divided into the following categories:

[0038] 1. Plants suitable for growing in high-altitude, cold and humid areas: Herbs: Flat-spiked wheatgrass, alfalfa, sweet osmanthus, awnless brome, reed fescue, alkali grass, white sweet osmanthus, small crown flower, buffalo grass, perennial dianthus, iris, alkali grass, wheatgrass; Woody plants: Caragana, sea buckthorn, Lespedeza, Amorpha fruticosa, Rosa serrata, Vitex, Caryopteris mongolica, Ammopiptanthus mongolica, Salix psammophila, Salix yellow.

[0039] 2. Plants suitable for growing in arid areas: Herbs: Alfalfa, White Oleander, Crown Flower, Buffalo Grass, February Blue, Evergreen Dianthus, Iris, Daylily, Elymus, Ice Grass, Astragalus, Bromus, Ivy, Climbing Rose, Creeper, Wisteria, Euonymus fortunei, Grass of Paradise, Dogtooth Weed, and Golden Bell; Woody Plants: Caragana korshinskii, Lespedeza, Amorpha fruticosa, Sabina rugosa, Rosa rugosa, Elaeagnus, Cotinus coggygria, Vitex, Caryopteris mongolica, Jujube, Hibiscus, Horsethorn, Indigo, Flower Stick, Ammopiptanthus, Seabuckthorn, Salix psammophila, Salix yellowis, and Nitraria thorna.

[0040] The auxiliary materials can be adjusted according to the plant seeds, and the water retaining agent can be omitted compared with the conventional ones.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] The thermal insulation rock wool waste was calcined at a certain temperature for 1 hour, and the properties of the calcined rock wool waste were tested: water holding capacity, water-soluble salts and germination effect of plant seeds. The results are as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0043] Method for determining water holding capacity: weigh 100g of uncalcined and calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste slag at different temperatures and put them into a disposable plastic cup with holes at the bottom. Repeat the treatment at each temperature three times, water until saturated, preferably with water seeping from the bottom. After standing for half an hour, weigh it and calculate the water holding capacity.

[0044] Conductivity test method: Mix water and calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste in a ratio of 5:1, extract by oscillation at 20℃±1℃, and measure the conductivity of the extract at 25℃±1℃ with a conductivity meter. The higher the water-soluble salt content, the higher the conductivity.

[0045] Plant seed germination effect test: In each treatment for determining water holding capacity, the same number of full seeds with basically the same particle size were planted in each group and placed in a 25°C constant temperature light box for cultivation. The effect of planting plant seeds with the treated rock wool waste residue was compared through the plant seed germination rate.

[0046] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, compared with the uncalcined rock wool waste slag (germination rate 57%, EC6.65μS / cm, water holding capacity 58.61mL), when the calcination temperature is 100℃, the germination rate, water holding capacity and water-soluble salts are significantly deteriorated. When the calcination temperature is 200℃, although the water holding capacity is significantly improved, the germination rate and water-soluble salts will further deteriorate. When the calcination temperature is 300℃, although the water-soluble salts increase slightly, the water holding capacity and germination rate are significantly improved. When the calcination temperature is 400℃ and 500℃, the water holding capacity and germination rate increase significantly, and the water-soluble salts decrease significantly.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Ecological restoration package: The calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue is used as the main matrix. The calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue, farmland soil, plant glue (adhesive), wood fiber, and plant seeds are mixed evenly and packed into an ecological bag to obtain the finished product. On the basis of the above, the effects of further adding organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and water retaining agent on seed germination rate are examined as follows:

[0049] The thermal insulation rock wool waste slag calcined at 500 degrees Celsius was used as the main matrix, and plant glue, wood fiber, garden soil, organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and water retaining agent were added. Among them, 100g of thermal insulation rock wool waste slag, 0.05g of plant glue, 20g of wood fiber, and 15g of garden soil were set as quantitative, and organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, and water retaining agent were set as variables. The specific factor settings are shown in Table 1. According to the orthogonal experimental design L 27 (3 3 ), set a control (no organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer, water retaining agent), a total of 28 treatments. Specific ratios see Figure 2 . According to Figure 2 Weigh the materials in proportion, mix them evenly and put them into a 200mL disposable plastic cup. Water them until they are moist. Plant the same number of full ryegrass seeds with basically the same particle size in each group. After planting the seeds, cover them with a layer of substrate, water them until the substrate is thoroughly moistened, and place them in a 30℃ constant temperature light box for cultivation. This experiment lasted for 25 days. See the germination results in Figure 3 ,Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that the germination rate of the control group is the best. The results of this experiment show that the calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue itself has a good water retention effect and does not need to add a water retaining agent.

[0050] Table 1 Experimental factors and levels

[0051]

[0052] Example 3

[0053] Ecological restoration package: The calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue is used as the main matrix. The calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue, farmland soil, balanced fertilizer, organic potassium humate, and plant seeds are mixed evenly and packed into an ecological bag to obtain the finished product. The following is an examination of the matrix ratio:

[0054] The thermal insulation rock wool waste residue calcined at 500°C was used as the main matrix, and balanced fertilizer (15-15-15 potassium sulfate type blended fertilizer) and potassium humate were added to provide nutrients for seed germination and growth. In this embodiment, different proportions were set as the main substrate of the ecological restoration package for testing, and a control was set (the matrix was all soil (garden soil), and no thermal insulation rock wool waste residue was added). There were 31 treatments in total, and each treatment was repeated 3 times. This experiment was carried out in a 250mL disposable plastic cup. The total amount of the matrix was 120g. The weighing ratio of each material is shown in Table 2. After weighing the corresponding ratio, the basic water holding capacity of the matrix was tested, and the difference in water holding capacity with the pure soil matrix was recorded. After the matrix was fully watered, ryegrass seeds of the same size and fullness were selected, and 10 seeds were evenly planted in each plastic cup. The number of germinations and plant height were recorded and weighed every day. When the water content was about 20%, 30mL of water was applied to avoid leaching. The experimental results are shown in Figure 4 , according to the ratio of soil to thermal insulation rock wool waste residue, the highest water holding capacity of the matrix, the germination rate and plant height of the plant were calculated. From the perspective of matrix water holding capacity, the more thermal insulation rock wool waste residue there is in the matrix, the more water holding capacity the matrix has, which shows that the water holding capacity of thermal insulation rock wool waste residue is significantly higher than that of soil; from the germination rate and plant height of the plant, it can be seen that compared with the control, the conditions of each test group are very good. When the ratio of soil to thermal insulation rock wool waste residue is 2:8, the germination rate and plant height of the plant reach the best state. Under the conditions of temperature of 16 degrees Celsius and humidity of 65%, the control group withered after 10 days of stopping watering, and each test group withered after 18 days of stopping watering. In summary, the best matrix ratio is the ratio of thermal insulation rock wool waste residue to soil of 2:8, and the addition of balanced fertilizer and potassium humate is 0.08% and 0.003% of the matrix respectively.

[0055] Table 2 Experimental factors and levels

[0056]

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an ecological restoration package using thermal insulation rock wool waste residue, comprising: (1) Calcine the thermal insulation rock wool waste at a temperature of 300-500 °C; (2) Soil and calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue are used as a matrix, the content of the calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue in the matrix is ​​not less than 50 wt %. The matrix, plant seeds and auxiliary materials are mixed evenly and then packed into an ecological bag to obtain the ecological restoration package.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calcination temperature is 400~500 ℃.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The content of calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste in the matrix is ​​60~90 wt%.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The content of calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste in the matrix is ​​80 wt%.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary materials do not include water retaining agent.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The auxiliary materials are selected from plant glue, plant fiber, balanced fertilizer and organic matter.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant seeds are selected from the seeds of the following plants: ryegrass, flat spike wheatgrass, sweet osmanthus, awnless brome, reed fescue, alkali grass, white flower wheat osmanthus, small crown flower, buffalo grass, evergreen dianthus, iris, alkali grass, wheatgrass, alfalfa, February blue, daylily, Astragalus, ivy, climbing rose, creeper, wisteria, Euonymus fortunei, paradise grass, dogtooth stick, golden bell, caragana, sea buckthorn, Lespedeza, Amorpha fruticosa, yellow rose, Vitex, Mongolian Caryopteris, Ammopiptanthus, Salix psammophila, Salix yellow, Caragana korshinskii, cedar, Elaeagnus, Cotinus coggygria, Jujube, hibiscus, horsethorn, indigo plant, flower stick, and white thorn.

8. An ecological restoration package, which is composed of a matrix, plant seeds, auxiliary materials and an ecological bag, and is characterized by: The matrix consists of soil and calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue, wherein the content of the calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue in the matrix is ​​not less than 50 wt%, and the calcination temperature is 300-500 ℃.

9. The ecological restoration package according to claim 8, characterized in that: The calcination temperature is 400~500 ℃.

10. The ecological restoration package according to claim 8, characterized in that: The matrix is ​​composed of 20 wt% of soil and 80 wt% of calcined thermal insulation rock wool waste residue; The plant seeds are ryegrass seeds, 10 to 12 seeds / 100g of substrate; The auxiliary materials are balanced fertilizer and potassium humate. The addition amount of the balanced fertilizer is 0.08 wt% of the matrix, and the addition amount of the potassium humate is 0.003 wt% of the matrix. The balanced fertilizer is a 15-15-15 potassium sulfate type mixed fertilizer.

11. The application of thermal insulation rock wool waste residue in the preparation of ecological restoration packages is characterized by: The thermal insulation rock wool waste slag is calcined at a temperature of 300-500°C.

12. The use according to claim 11, characterized in that: The calcination temperature is 400~500 ℃.

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