A refrigeration element, a refrigeration system and a test system capable of filling a pressure card material

Abstract

The present invention discloses a refrigeration element, a refrigeration system and a test system capable of filling a magnetocaloric material, belonging to the field of application of magnetocaloric materials. The refrigeration element includes an upper pressure plate, a housing, a sample cavity, a right end outlet, a right end inlet, a lower pressure plate, a left end inlet, and a left end outlet. A plurality of holes are provided on the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate of the housing, and the holes are matched with the outer wall of the sample cavity. The interior of the sample cavity is hollow and is used for filling the magnetocaloric material. Fluid inlets and outlets are respectively provided on the left and right side walls of the housing. The upper and lower ends of the sample cavity are respectively in contact with the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate. Through a conventional pressurizing device, the pressure head of the pressure plate is used to pressurize or relieve the magnetocaloric material filled inside the sample cavity. Due to the phase change, the sample will generate endothermic and exothermic effects. The generated cooling capacity or heat is carried away by the heat exchange fluid flowing through the sample cavity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of application of press - card materials, and particularly relates to a refrigeration element, a refrigeration system and a test system capable of filling press - card materials. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional refrigeration field, gas compression refrigeration technology has always been dominant. However, the refrigerants used in traditional refrigeration technology, perfluorocarbons and hydrofluorocarbons, are all "super greenhouse effect" gases, which is obviously not conducive to the continuous promotion of China's "carbon neutrality" goal. Solid - state refrigeration technology has the advantages of low energy consumption, low noise and environmental friendliness, and has always been the research focus in new refrigeration technologies. The principle of solid - state refrigeration technology is mainly based on one or more of the magnetocaloric effect, electrocaloric effect, elastocaloric effect and piezocaloric effect of solid materials. Among them, the piezocaloric effect is more easily promoted in practical applications due to the excellent properties of its materials and the low - cost and convenient application of the stress field.

[0003] A press - card material is a new type of solid - state refrigeration material that can produce a phase change under pressure driving, thereby generating a thermal effect. Press - card effect refrigeration refers to applying pressure to a material with a phase - change process, and the pressure can effectively drive the material to undergo a phase change. In a refrigerator based on the press - card effect, the refrigeration element part that drives the phase change of the material by pressure is the bridge connecting the cold end and the hot end, and plays a leading role in the whole heat - conduction process. Pressure is the main driving factor for achieving this refrigeration effect. Mechanical pressurization is the most common pressurization method. Therefore, the present invention provides a refrigeration element based on the press - card effect and applicable to the conventional pressurization method for the press - card effect, for application in a solid - state refrigeration system or a test system based on the press - card effect principle. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a refrigeration element, a refrigeration system and a test system capable of filling press - card materials and applicable to the mechanical pressurization method.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A refrigeration element capable of filling press - card materials includes an upper pressure plate, a housing, an outer wall of the sample cavity, a sample cavity and a lower pressure plate. Among them: on the opposite sides of the side wall of the housing, a left - end outlet and a left - end inlet are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts on one side, and a right - end outlet and a right - end inlet are respectively arranged at the upper and lower parts on the other side; the inside of the sample cavity is hollow for filling press - card materials; the upper pressure plate is composed of a flat plate and a plurality of pressure heads. The plurality of pressure heads are located below the flat plate, and the lower ends of the pressure heads can extend into the sample cavity and can move up and down in the sample cavity, so as to pressurize the press - card materials in the sample cavity; a heat - exchange fluid is arranged in the cavity between the inner wall of the housing and the outer wall of the sample cavity. The heat - exchange fluid in the cavity flows around the sample cavity and is in contact with the outer wall of the sample cavity.

[0007] The outer shell is a hollow structure. An upper top plate and a lower bottom plate are respectively provided at the upper end face and the lower end face of the outer shell. A plurality of holes are provided on the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate. The positions of the holes on the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate correspond to each other, and the sizes, quantities and positions of the respective holes match the sample cavity, so as to realize the clamping and fixing of the sample cavity.

[0008] Use a sealing material, such as silicone grease, vacuum sealing grease, etc., to perform a sealing connection treatment between the outer wall of the sample cavity and the holes of the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate.

[0009] The sample cavity is vertically placed in the outer shell. The sample cavity is columnar, and the upper and lower ends of the sample cavity are respectively in contact with the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate; the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate are integral parts of the outer shell, and the outer shell clamps and fixes the sample cavity through the upper top plate and the lower bottom plate.

[0010] The outer wall of the sample cavity is relatively thin, about 3 mm or so, and is made of materials with good thermal conductivity, such as aluminum alloy, beryllium copper alloy, stainless steel, etc. The quantity, shape and arrangement of the pressing heads of the upper pressing plate match the corresponding sample cavity. The pressing heads of the upper pressing plate are fixedly connected or integrally formed with the flat plate. The lower surface of the flat plate is used to set the pressing heads, and the upper surface is used to bear pressure. The structure of the lower pressing plate is the same as that of the upper pressing plate, or it is a flat plate structure without pressing heads. Before filling the pressure card material, perform a pre-pressing treatment on the pressure card material so that the shape after the pre-pressing treatment matches the inside of the sample cavity.

[0011] The refrigeration element after filling the pressure card material can be applied to the pressure card refrigeration system after filling the pressure card material. After being connected to the hot and cold end heat exchangers, the refrigeration effect can be achieved under the action of the pressure field.

[0012] Under the action of the pressure field, the temperature test device tests the temperatures of the heat exchange fluid at the right end outlet, the right end inlet, the left end inlet and the left end outlet, and performs thermal performance tests on the pressure card material or the heat exchange fluid filled in the sample cavity.

[0013] Advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0014] 1. During the use of the refrigeration element of the present application, samples are filled into a plurality of sample cavities. Since the plurality of sample cavities are arranged in an array, it can not only prevent the samples from dissolving in the heat exchange fluid due to damage during the mechanical pressurization process, but also realize that when pressure is applied, multiple groups of samples are uniformly stressed at the same time, improving the pressurization efficiency, especially suitable for powdery or granular pressure card materials. The array arrangement of the samples ensures that the heat exchange fluid flows smoothly around the outer walls of each sample cavity, improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0015] 2. The setting of multiple sample cavities allows different samples to be filled, enabling the combined use of different pressure card materials and maximizing the pressure card effect. The hollow-designed sample cavities facilitate sample replacement, with simple operation and time savings.

[0016] 3. The refrigeration element uses a heat exchange fluid to transfer the heat generated by the material. The range of heat application is not limited by the shape of the element and can be freely transferred to other loads. The sample cavity is selected with a relatively thin outer wall and made of a material with good thermal conductivity to minimize heat loss between the sample and the cavity as much as possible. Before filling the sample, the sample is pre-treated and mixed with a small amount of pressure or heat transfer medium, which can make the pressure card material evenly transfer inside under external mechanical pressure, reduce the situation of excessive local pressure, and shorten the time for the sample heat to transfer from the center to the periphery. The mixed sample is pre-pressed into a shape to avoid the presence of powder samples causing jamming between the pressure application components such as the punch and the cavity during the pressure application process.

[0017] 4. Pressure plates are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the refrigeration element. When the structures of the two pressure plates are the same, the outside can apply pressure and release pressure on both ends of the refrigeration element simultaneously, achieving the effect of doing work from both ends to the middle at the same time. The pressure transfer is fast and uniform, saving energy consumption and improving work efficiency. The punch of the pressure plate cooperates with the corresponding sample cavity to achieve uniform conduction of pressure to the sample. The pressure application and pressure release operations can be carried out only through conventional pressure application devices and pressure control devices, with a wide application range, low cost, and simple operation.

[0018] 5. The refrigeration element can be applied in a pressure card refrigeration system. After being connected to the cold and hot end heat exchangers, it can achieve a refrigeration effect under the action of a pressure field, and can also conduct performance tests on the pressure card material or heat exchange fluid filled in the sample cavity, with a wide application range. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 are the three views of the refrigeration element that can be filled with pressure card material.

[0020] Figure 2 is the sectional view of the refrigeration element that can be filled with pressure card material; where: (a) longitudinal sectional view; (b) transverse sectional view.

[0021] Figure 3 is the refrigeration system diagram containing the refrigeration element that can be filled with pressure card material.

[0022] Figure 4 is the performance test system diagram containing the refrigeration element that can be filled with pressure card material.

[0023] Wherein: 1 - upper pressing plate, 12 - pressing head, 2 - outer shell, 21 - outer wall of sample cavity, 22 - sample cavity, 23 - upper top plate, 24 - lower bottom plate, 3 - right end outlet, 4 - right end inlet, 5 - lower pressing plate, 6 - left end inlet, 7 - left end outlet. Detailed implementation manner

[0024] As Figure 1-2 shown, the refrigeration element with fillable pressing card material of the present invention is composed of components such as an upper pressing plate 1, an outer shell 2, an outer wall 21 of the sample cavity, a sample cavity 22, a right end outlet 3, a right end inlet 4, a lower pressing plate 5, a left end inlet 6, and a left end outlet 7. The upper and lower ends of the sample cavity 22 are respectively matched with the upper pressing plate 1 and the lower pressing plate 5. The upper pressing plate is a flat plate structure with a plurality of pressing heads 12 on its surface. The number, shape, and arrangement of the pressing heads 12 are matched with the corresponding sample cavity. The pressing heads 12 can move within the cavity of the sample cavity to press the sample within the cavity. The size of the cross-section of the pressing heads 12 is matched with the size of the inner cross-section of the sample cavity 22 to ensure that the pressing heads 12 can move freely up and down within the cavity. The connection between the upper pressing plate and the flat plate is a fixed connection or integrally formed. The lower surface of the flat plate is used to set the pressing heads 12, and the upper surface is matched with common pressing components such as the piston, anvil, or telescopic rod of the pressing device. Preferably, the contact surface of the pressing components of the pressing device, such as the piston and anvil, is greater than or equal to the area of the flat plate of the upper pressing plate 1. Preferably, the structure of the lower pressing plate 5 can be the same as that of the upper pressing plate. When in use, the pressing heads of the lower pressing plate face upward and correspond to the sample cavity. At this time, two-way pressing can be performed from both ends of the upper pressing plate 1 and the lower pressing plate 5; the lower pressing plate can also be selected as a flat plate structure without pressing heads. When it is a flat plate structure without pressing heads, it is particularly suitable for the pressing method that only presses from the upper pressing plate 1 longitudinally.

[0025] The outer shell 2 is a hollow structure with a certain thickness. The outer shell has an upper top plate 23, a lower bottom plate 24, and four side walls. A plurality of regularly arranged holes are provided on both the upper top plate 23 and the lower bottom plate 24. The hole positions on the upper top plate 23 and the lower bottom plate 24 correspond to each other one by one for inserting the sample cavity. The upper top plate 23 and the lower bottom plate 24 respectively clamp and fix the cavity of the sample cavity from the upper end and the lower end. The hole sizes of the upper top plate 23 and the lower bottom plate 24 are matched with the size of the sample cavity, and the number of holes is matched with the number of sample cavities. Preferably, a sealing material is used to seal the outer wall of the sample cavity and the holes of the upper top plate 23 and the lower bottom plate 24 to achieve better fixation, connection of the sample cavity, and to prevent the heat exchange fluid from flowing out. The shape of the outer shell of the refrigeration element can also be selected as other shapes and structures, such as a cuboid, a cube, a cylinder, etc.

[0026] The left and right side walls of the housing 2 are respectively provided with a right end outlet 3, a right end inlet 4, a left end inlet 6 and a left end outlet 7, facilitating the circulating flow of the heat exchange fluid inside the housing 2 of the refrigeration element. The sample chamber 22 is vertically placed inside the housing, and the interior of the chamber is hollow for filling the pressure clamping material. The sample chamber 22 is columnar, such as cylindrical, square columnar, etc. The heat exchange fluid inside the housing circulates around the sample chamber and contacts the outer wall of the chamber.

[0027] In the present invention, the upper pressing plate 1 and / or the lower pressing plate 5 of the refrigeration element are pressurized and depressurized through a pressurizing device and a pressure precise regulating device common in the prior art. In the refrigeration element capable of filling the pressure clamping material, the sample is filled in the sample chamber 22. Before filling the pressure clamping material sample, the pressure clamping material can be pretreated first. Preferably, a small amount of pressure transmitting or heat transmitting medium, such as graphene, etc., can be incorporated to facilitate the uniform transmission of pressure and heat during use. Preferably, the processed sample can be pre-pressed first, such as pressed into a thin sheet, a column, etc. The shape after pre-pressing matches the interior of the sample chamber to achieve uniform distribution of pressure and heat and improvement of heat transfer efficiency.

[0028] As Figure 3 shown, when the refrigeration element of the present invention is used in a refrigeration system, the left end outlet 7 of the housing of the refrigeration element is connected to the liquid inlet of the cold end heat exchanger, and the left end inlet 6 is connected to the outlet of the cold end heat exchanger; the right end outlet 3 of the housing of the refrigeration element is connected to the liquid inlet of the hot end heat exchanger, and the right end inlet 4 is connected to the outlet of the hot end heat exchanger. The upper and lower ends of the refrigeration element are respectively connected to the pressurizing device. When pressurizing or depressurizing the pressure clamping material filled inside through the pressing plate, the sample undergoes a phase change and exhibits endothermic and exothermic phenomena. When the external pressurizing device pressurizes the sample, at this time, all the inlets and outlets on the refrigeration element are closed by the pressure control valves arranged at the left and right end inlets and outlets of the housing of the refrigeration element. The pressure clamping material undergoes a phase change under the drive of pressure, the sample temperature rises, and the temperature of the fluid outside the chamber rises. Then the right side outlet and inlet are opened, and the heat generated is exchanged with the hot end heat exchanger by the heat exchange fluid flowing through the sample chamber 22 and then flows back into the refrigeration element. Then, after closing all the outlets and inlets through the pressure control valves, the pressure applied by the external pressurizing equipment to the entire refrigeration element is removed. The pressure clamping material reaches the phase change pressure during depressurization and thus undergoes a phase change, the sample temperature drops, and the temperature of the fluid inside the chamber drops. Then the left side outlet and inlet are opened, and the cold generated is exchanged with the cold end heat exchanger by the heat exchange fluid flowing through the sample chamber 22 and then flows back into the refrigeration element. At this time, a cycle process is completed, and the refrigeration effect is achieved. By repeatedly pressurizing and depressurizing the pressure clamping material through this refrigeration element, with the help of the heat exchange fluid, a continuous refrigeration cycle process can be completed, realizing the solid-state refrigeration effect using the pressure clamping material.

[0029] As Figure 4As shown, when the refrigeration element of the present invention is applied to the thermal performance test of the piezocaloric material, the inlets at the left and right ends of the refrigeration element can be closed, and two sets of temperature test devices can be respectively arranged at the left end outlet 7 and the right end outlet 4. After fixing the thermocouple probes required for temperature measurement inside the two outlets, the valves at the two places are then closed to prevent the liquid from flowing out during the test, facilitating the test of the heat absorption and heat release effects of the piezocaloric material under the action of pressure. The upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the adjustable pressure device. During use, the pressure plates at the upper and lower ends are pressurized or depressurized according to the test requirements through the pressure device. After maintaining the pressure for a period of time, the temperature changes of the temperature measuring devices at both ends are observed. At the same time, the piezocaloric material in the sample chamber 22 and the types of heat exchange fluids can also be replaced to achieve the test under different piezocaloric materials and different heat exchange fluids.

[0030] Since the refrigeration element of the present invention can achieve the piezocaloric effect only through a conventional pressure device and a pressure control device, the refrigeration element of the present invention can cooperate with any pressure device and / or pressure control device in the prior art and be applied in any occasion where heat exchange is required, such as refrigerators, freezers, automobiles, etc.

[0031] Each compatible combination in the above embodiments is explicitly disclosed herein as if each combination was separately and explicitly recited.

[0032] In view of the disclosure of the present invention, various other aspects and embodiments of the present invention will be obvious to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A refrigeration element capable of filling a pressing card material, characterized in that: The refrigeration element includes an upper pressure plate (1), a housing (2), a plurality of sample chambers (22) having outer walls (21), and a lower pressure plate (5), wherein: at the upper and lower parts of the right side wall of the housing, a right end outlet (3) and a right end inlet (4) are respectively provided, and at the upper and lower parts of the left side wall of the housing, a left end outlet (7) and a left end inlet (6) are respectively provided; the interior of the sample chamber is hollow and is used for filling the press-packing material; the upper pressure plate (1) is composed of a flat plate and a plurality of pressure heads, the plurality of pressure heads are located below the flat plate, and the lower end of the pressure head (12) can extend into the sample chamber and can move up and down in the sample chamber, so as to pressurize the press-packing material in the sample chamber; a heat exchange fluid is provided in the cavity between the inner wall of the housing (2) and the outer wall of the sample chamber (22), and the heat exchange fluid in the cavity flows around the sample chamber and contacts the outer wall of the sample chamber; The outer wall (21) of the sample chamber is made of a material with good thermal conductivity; The lower pressure plate (5) has the same structure as the upper pressure plate (1), or is a flat plate structure without pressure heads.

2. The refrigeration element of the refillable press-fit material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (2) is a hollow structure, and an upper top plate (23) and a lower bottom plate (24) are respectively provided at the upper end face and the lower end face of the housing (2), and a plurality of holes are provided on the upper top plate (23) and the lower bottom plate (24); the positions of the holes on the upper top plate (23) and the lower bottom plate (24) correspond to each other, and the sizes, numbers and positions of the respective holes match the sample chambers, so as to clamp and fix the sample chambers.

3. The refrigeration element of the refillable pressure card material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall (21) of the sample chamber and the holes of the upper top plate (23) and the lower bottom plate (24) are hermetically connected by using a sealing material.

4. The refrigeration element of the refillable press-fit material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample chamber (22) is vertically arranged in the housing, the sample chamber (22) is columnar, the upper and lower ends of the sample chamber (22) are respectively in contact with the upper pressure plate (1) and the lower pressure plate (5), the upper top plate (23) and the lower bottom plate (24) are integral parts of the housing, and the housing clamps and fixes the sample chamber through the upper top plate (23) and the lower bottom plate (24).

5. The refrigeration element of the refillable press-fit material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number, shape and arrangement of the pressure heads (12) of the upper pressure plate match the corresponding sample chambers, the pressure heads (12) of the upper pressure plate (1) and the flat plate are fixedly connected or integrally formed, the lower surface of the flat plate is used for arranging the pressure heads (12), and the upper surface is used for bearing pressure.

6. The refrigeration element of the refillable press-fit material according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before filling the press-packing material, the press-packing material is pre-pressed so that the shape of the pre-pressed press-packing material matches the interior of the sample chamber.

7. A refrigeration system comprising the refrigeration element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration element after filling the press-packing material is applied to a press-packing refrigeration system, and after being connected to the hot and cold end heat exchangers, the refrigeration effect can be achieved under the action of a pressure field.

8. A test system for a press-fit material of a refrigeration element as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Under the action of a pressure field, the temperature test device tests the temperatures of the heat exchange fluid at the right end outlet (3), the right end inlet (4), the left end inlet (6) and the left end outlet (7) to perform a thermal performance test on the press-packing material filled in the sample chamber (22).

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