A roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology, including a communication machine and multiple GNSS antennas. Each GNSS antenna is installed at a different position of the same cross section of the roadbed, and the GNSS antenna monitors the coordinate information of its own position. The communication machine is connected to each GNSS antenna, and the communication machine obtains each coordinate information and sends each coordinate information. The present invention combines satellite positioning technology with roadbed frost heave deformation monitoring, does not require the installation of a complex monitoring system inside the roadbed, and avoids the disadvantage of not being able to be used in cold areas. It can be applied to roadbed deformation monitoring in various terrains and environments, can perform three-dimensional analysis of the deformation state of the roadbed, and can more accurately obtain the deformation characteristics of the roadbed itself. It can realize real-time monitoring, realize the automation of roadbed monitoring, and avoid phenomena such as data discontinuity caused by manual data reading. The present invention is widely used in the field of roadbed maintenance technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of roadbed maintenance, and in particular to a roadbed frost heave, thaw settlement deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology. Background Art

[0002] Existing roadbed deformation monitoring devices are mostly focused on monitoring deformation of ordinary highway and railway roadbeds, primarily targeting settlement and deformation during use. Existing roadbed deformation monitoring devices generate displacement due to roadbed deformation, which exerts pressure on the monitoring device. Liquid transmits this pressure to pressure probes within the monitoring system, converting the pressure change into height. This can be used to measure relative settlement at the measuring point, thereby enabling monitoring of roadbed deformation.

[0003] In cold region roadbed projects, roadbed deformation detection piles are usually used to monitor the roadbed. The height of the measuring piles above the ground is obtained, and the roadbed deformation is monitored by the change in the height of the measuring piles above the ground.

[0004] Current roadbed deformation monitoring technology requires multiple instrument mounting piers at the base of the roadbed, multiple sets of liquid connecting pipes between the instruments, and the installation of ancillary facilities such as liquid storage tanks. This roadbed deformation monitoring system requires a large amount of equipment and is complex to operate. Furthermore, the main instrument must be installed inside the roadbed, significantly impacting the mechanical properties of the roadbed itself. The roadbed deformation monitoring system requires a power supply system and a signal conversion system. These systems are prone to failure during the operation of the roadbed and require regular maintenance, which in turn affects the roadbed's transportation capacity. The liquid used in the roadbed deformation monitoring system is water, but in cold regions, where winter temperatures often drop below zero, water can freeze, rendering the entire roadbed deformation monitoring system inoperable. Therefore, the roadbed deformation monitoring system is not suitable for cold-region roadbeds. Roadbed deformation monitoring piles measure the deformation of the roadbed by measuring their height above ground level. However, this data measurement process can introduce errors. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in current roadbed deformation monitoring technology, such as complex equipment structure and use, significant impact on roadbed performance and use, inconvenient data reading, and large data measurement errors, the present invention aims to provide a roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology. The roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology includes:

[0006] Multiple GNSS antennas; each of the GNSS antennas is used to be installed at different locations on the same cross section of the roadbed, and the GNSS antenna is used to monitor the coordinate information of its own location;

[0007] Communicator; the communicator is connected to each of the GNSS antennas respectively, and the communicator is used to obtain each of the coordinate information and send each of the coordinate information.

[0008] Furthermore, the communication device is a satellite receiver, and the communication device is used to send each coordinate information to a GNSS satellite system.

[0009] Furthermore, the communication machine is also used to solve each of the coordinate information, determine the deformation information of the roadbed according to the solution result, and send the deformation information to the outside.

[0010] Furthermore, the calculating of each coordinate information and determining the deformation information of the roadbed according to the calculation result include:

[0011] Communicate with the GNSS satellite system to obtain satellite ephemeris;

[0012] Calculating a set of coordinate information measured at a corresponding moment according to the satellite ephemeris to obtain the U coordinate of each GNSS antenna at that moment;

[0013] Track the U coordinates of the GNSS antennas at multiple moments. When the U coordinate of the same GNSS antenna is detected to increase, it is determined that frost heave has occurred at the roadbed location where the GNSS antenna is located. When the U coordinate of the same GNSS antenna is detected to decrease, it is determined that thaw settlement has occurred at the roadbed location where the GNSS antenna is located.

[0014] Furthermore, the communication device is further used to record a time curve corresponding to the deformation information and perform periodic analysis on the time curve.

[0015] Furthermore, the communication device is also used to obtain each harmonic obtained by periodically analyzing the time curve, select the highest harmonic with an amplitude greater than a threshold, and control the monitoring period of each GNSS antenna according to the period of the highest harmonic.

[0016] Furthermore, the roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology also includes a solar panel, which is used to power each of the GNSS antennas and the communication machine.

[0017] Furthermore, a horizontal plate is provided at the bottom of each GNSS antenna.

[0018] Furthermore, the communication machine is provided with a horizontal plate.

[0019] Furthermore, each of the GNSS antennas is used to be installed at each vertex position of the same cross section of the roadbed.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system in the embodiment combines satellite positioning technology with roadbed frost heave deformation monitoring, using a mature satellite system to serve roadbed deformation monitoring, which can significantly improve the timeliness and convenience of roadbed deformation monitoring; compared with traditional roadbed deformation monitoring devices, it does not require the installation of a complex monitoring system inside the roadbed, avoids the disadvantage of being unable to be used in cold regions, and is applicable to roadbed deformation monitoring in various terrains and environments; compared with roadbed deformation monitoring piles, it reduces the error caused by data reading and eliminates human error; through continuous acquisition of GNSS signals, the displacement changes at different monitoring points on the roadbed can be obtained, and after data processing, the changes in their coordinates can be obtained, thereby enabling three-dimensional analysis of the deformation state of the roadbed and more accurately obtaining the deformation characteristics of the roadbed itself. It can achieve real-time monitoring, dynamic analysis of its changing trends, realize the automation of roadbed monitoring, and avoid phenomena such as data discontinuity caused by manual data reading. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 2 is a structural diagram of a roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology in an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology includes a communication machine and multiple GNSS antennas, and the communication machine and each GNSS antenna are connected by lines.

[0023] In this embodiment, the communication device is a device with control, data processing, and communication functions. The communication function may be satellite communication, Bluetooth communication, USB interface communication, or other functions. For example, a satellite receiver may be used as the communication device. The satellite receiver can establish a connection with and communicate with a GNSS satellite system, and can upload data to the GNSS satellite system.

[0024] In this embodiment, the roadbed frost heave and thaw settlement deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology also includes solar panels, which power each GNSS antenna and communication machine, so that the roadbed frost heave and thaw settlement deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology can still be powered by the solar panels when there is no conventional power supply.

[0025] When using the roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology, refer to Figure 1 , the solar panel 3 can be installed near the roadbed where it can receive sunlight, and the communication device 2 can be installed near the roadbed. Each GNSS antenna is installed at each corner position of the same cross section 6 of the roadbed, for example Figure 1In the embodiment, part of the GNSS antenna 4 is installed at two shoulders of the roadbed top surface, and part of the GNSS antenna 5 is installed at two toes of the slope at the bottom of the roadbed. The communication device 2 can establish communication with the GNSS satellite system 1.

[0026] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 1 Horizontal plates are installed at the base of each GNSS antenna and on both sides of the bottom of the communication unit. These plates increase the reaction force on each GNSS antenna and communication unit during roadbed freezing, reducing the freezing effect on the GNSS and communication unit antennas. This makes their installation more stable and mitigates the impact of roadbed freezing on data accuracy.

[0027] In this embodiment, one GNSS antenna is selected from among the GNSS antennas as a base station, and the remaining GNSS antennas are used as mobile stations. Each GNSS antenna can receive positioning signals sent by the GNSS satellite system, thereby calculating the coordinate information of its own location.

[0028] Each GNSS antenna periodically detects its own coordinate information and transmits it to the communicator. The communicator may not further process the coordinate information, but simply encapsulates it into a data packet and uploads it to the GNSS satellite system. A server or other device may download the coordinate information from the GNSS satellite system and further process it. Alternatively, field personnel may connect to the communicator using a device such as Bluetooth or a USB interface, read the coordinate information from the communicator, and then further process it. The communicator may also further process the coordinate information.

[0029] Regardless of whether the coordinate information is further processed by a communication machine, a server or other device, the steps performed can be the same. If the coordinate information is further processed by a server or other device, the server or other device can also be regarded as part of the communication machine. Therefore, this embodiment illustrates the further processing of the coordinate information by the communication machine.

[0030] In this embodiment, the communication machine calculates the coordinate information sent by each GNSS antenna, and determines the deformation information of the roadbed based on the calculation results.

[0031] In this embodiment, the GNSS antennas can periodically synchronize their operations, simultaneously measuring their respective coordinates at a given moment, thereby forming a set of coordinate information corresponding to a single acquisition moment. When calculating deformation information based on this set of coordinate information, the communication device can communicate with the GNSS satellite system to obtain the satellite ephemeris corresponding to that acquisition moment (or a similar moment). Based on the satellite ephemeris and this set of coordinate information, a fixed solution is obtained, ultimately determining the N, E, and U coordinates of each GNSS antenna (rover) at that moment. The N, E, and U coordinates of a GNSS antenna (rover) reflect its relative positional relationship to the reference station.

[0032] The communication machine obtains the coordinate information sent by each GNSS antenna at different collection times, thereby calculating the N, E, and U coordinates at different collection times. The communication machine tracks changes in the U coordinate. For a certain GNSS antenna, if the communication machine detects that the U coordinate of the GNSS antenna at a certain collection time is larger than the U coordinate at the previous collection time, that is, the U coordinate of the GNSS antenna has increased, then the communication machine can determine that the roadbed location where the GNSS antenna is located has experienced frost heave; if the communication machine detects that the U coordinate of the GNSS antenna at a certain collection time is smaller than the U coordinate at the previous collection time, that is, the U coordinate of the GNSS antenna has decreased, then the communication machine can determine that the roadbed location where the GNSS antenna is located has experienced thaw settlement; if the communication machine detects that the U coordinate of the GNSS antenna at two adjacent collection times remains unchanged, then the communication machine can determine that the roadbed location where the GNSS antenna is located has not deformed in the time period between the two collection times.

[0033] The GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system in this embodiment combines satellite positioning technology with roadbed frost heave deformation monitoring, utilizing a mature satellite system for roadbed deformation monitoring. This significantly improves the timeliness and convenience of roadbed deformation monitoring. Compared to traditional roadbed deformation monitoring devices, it eliminates the need for complex monitoring systems installed within the roadbed and avoids the drawback of being unsuitable for use in cold regions. It is suitable for roadbed deformation monitoring in a variety of terrains and environments. Compared to roadbed deformation monitoring piles, the GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system in this embodiment reduces errors caused by data reading and eliminates human error. Furthermore, a reaction force structure is added to the bottom of the GNSS antenna base to reduce the impact of frost pullout forces on antenna displacement, making the measured data more accurate and reliable. By continuously collecting GNSS signals, the displacement changes at different monitoring points on the roadbed can be obtained. After data processing, the changes in their coordinates can be obtained, enabling three-dimensional analysis of the roadbed's deformation state and more accurately capturing the deformation characteristics of the roadbed itself. It can realize real-time monitoring, dynamically analyze its changing trends, realize the automation of roadbed monitoring, and avoid phenomena such as data discontinuity caused by manual data reading.

[0034] In this embodiment, the communication device records the time curve corresponding to the deformation information and performs periodic analysis on the time curve. Specifically, the time curve corresponding to the deformation information can be the U coordinate change curve of each GNSS antenna, or the time curve formed by each GNSS antenna switching between states such as "frost heave" (corresponding to a fixed value) and "thaw settlement" (corresponding to a larger or smaller fixed value).

[0035] In this embodiment, since the roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation measured by the roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology is affected by factors such as season and weather, and is observed periodically over a certain period of time, the time curve corresponding to the deformation information will show periodicity. The time curve can be subjected to periodic analysis such as Fourier transform to extract deeper information such as harmonic period.

[0036] In this embodiment, the communication device performs a Fourier transform on the time curve to obtain the harmonics of the time curve. Generally speaking, harmonics follow the rule that the higher the order, the smaller the amplitude. Therefore, a threshold can be set to filter out harmonics with amplitudes greater than the threshold, and then the highest harmonic can be selected. The frequency of the highest harmonic is several times the frequency of the time curve. Therefore, if each GNSS antenna is controlled to monitor coordinate information according to the frequency of the highest harmonic, relatively complete coordinate change information for each point on the roadbed can be obtained. Since the threshold is used to limit the order of the highest harmonic, the frequency of the highest harmonic is relatively low. Therefore, controlling each GNSS antenna to monitor its coordinate information according to the period of the highest harmonic ensures a complete sampling of coordinate information while also avoiding excessive power consumption caused by frequent sampling, thereby improving battery life.

[0037] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as being "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it may be directly fixed or connected to the other feature, or it may be indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. In addition, the descriptions of up, down, left, right, etc. used in this disclosure are only relative to the relative positional relationship of the components of the present disclosure in the accompanying drawings. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in this disclosure are also intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In addition, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this embodiment have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. The terms used in the description of this embodiment are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used in this embodiment includes any combination of one or more related listed items.

[0038] It should be understood that, although the present disclosure may adopt the term first, second, third etc. to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited to these terms.These terms are only used to distinguish the elements of the same type from each other.For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first element may also be referred to as the second element, and similarly, the second element may also be referred to as the first element.The use of any and all examples or exemplary language ("for example", "such as" etc.) provided by the present embodiment is only intended to better illustrate embodiments of the present invention, and unless otherwise required, the scope of the present invention will not be limited.

[0039] It should be appreciated that embodiments of the present invention can be implemented or practiced by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable memory. The methods can be implemented in a computer program using standard programming techniques, including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with a computer program, wherein the storage medium so configured causes the computer to operate in a specific and predefined manner, according to the methods and figures described in the specific embodiments. Each program can be implemented in a high-level procedural or object-oriented programming language to communicate with the computer system. However, if desired, the program can be implemented in assembly or machine language. In any case, the language can be a compiled or interpreted language. In addition, the program can be run on a programmed application-specific integrated circuit for this purpose.

[0040] In addition, the operations of the processes described in this embodiment may be performed in any suitable order, unless otherwise indicated in this embodiment or otherwise clearly contradicted by the context. The processes described in this embodiment (or variations and / or combinations thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions, and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) that is executed collectively on one or more processors, by hardware, or a combination thereof. The computer program includes a plurality of instructions that can be executed by one or more processors.

[0041] Furthermore, the methods can be implemented in any type of computing platform that is operably connected to a suitable computer, including but not limited to a personal computer, a minicomputer, a mainframe, a workstation, a network or distributed computing environment, a separate or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, etc. Various aspects of the present invention can be implemented as machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into a computing platform, such as a hard disk, an optical read and / or write storage medium, RAM, ROM, etc., so that it can be read by a programmable computer, and when the storage medium or device is read by the computer, it can be used to configure and operate the computer to perform the processes described herein. In addition, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, can be transmitted over a wired or wireless network. When such media includes instructions or programs that implement the steps described above in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor, the invention described in this embodiment includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media. When programmed according to the methods and techniques of the present invention, the present invention also includes the computer itself.

[0042] The computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described in the present embodiment, thereby converting the input data to generate output data that is stored in a non-volatile memory. The output information can also be applied to one or more output devices such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the converted data represents a physical and tangible object, including a specific visual depiction of the physical and tangible object produced on the display.

[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments. As long as the technical effects of the present invention are achieved by the same means, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, various modifications and variations of the technical solutions and / or implementation methods are possible.

Claims

1. A roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology, characterized by: The GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system includes: Multiple GNSS antennas; each GNSS antenna is used to be installed at different positions on the same cross section of the roadbed, and each GNSS antenna is used to monitor the coordinate information of its own position. A horizontal plate is provided at the bottom of each GNSS antenna, and the horizontal plate is used to increase the reaction force applied to each GNSS antenna during the roadbed freezing process, thereby reducing the freezing effect of the GNSS antenna; a communication machine; the communication machine is connected to each of the GNSS antennas, the communication machine is used to obtain each of the coordinate information, send each of the coordinate information, solve each of the coordinate information, determine the deformation information of the roadbed based on the solution result, record the time curve corresponding to the deformation information, perform Fourier transform on the time curve, obtain each harmonic obtained by periodic analysis of the time curve, select the highest harmonic with an amplitude greater than a threshold, and control the monitoring period of each of the GNSS antennas according to the period of the highest harmonic.

2. The GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The communication device is a satellite receiver, and the communication device is used to send each coordinate information to the GNSS satellite system.

3. The GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The communication device is further configured to send the deformation information to an external party.

4. The GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step of solving each of the coordinate information and determining the deformation information of the roadbed according to the solution results includes: Communicate with the GNSS satellite system to obtain satellite ephemeris; Calculating a set of coordinate information measured at a corresponding moment according to the satellite ephemeris to obtain the U coordinate of each GNSS antenna at that moment; Track the U coordinates of the GNSS antennas at multiple moments. When the U coordinate of the same GNSS antenna is detected to increase, it is determined that frost heave has occurred at the roadbed location where the GNSS antenna is located. When the U coordinate of the same GNSS antenna is detected to decrease, it is determined that thaw settlement has occurred at the roadbed location where the GNSS antenna is located.

5. The GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system based on GNSS technology also includes a solar panel, which is used to power each of the GNSS antennas and the communication machine.

6. The GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The communication machine is provided with a horizontal plate, and the horizontal plate is used to increase the reaction force applied to the communication machine during the freezing and pulling process of the roadbed, thereby reducing the freezing and pulling effect of the communication machine.

7. The GNSS-based roadbed frost heave and thaw deformation monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: Each of the GNSS antennas is used to be installed at each vertex position of the same cross section of the roadbed.

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