An automatic alignment method for Heidenhain CNC systems

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic alignment method for the Heidenhain CNC system. This invention automatically completes all measurement, positioning, and alignment tasks through different cycle functions and measurement sequences of the Heidenhain CNC system. This invention has no specific requirements for workpiece installation; after a single clamping, it can quickly and accurately measure various spatial angles of the workpiece within the machine tool, automatically feeding this information back to the machine tool's CNC system. After internal calculations, this information is converted into the actual runout of each rotary axis, and corresponding rotational compensation is made. The entire process is fully controlled by the program and runs automatically, thus avoiding human error.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool control, and in particular to an automatic alignment method for Heidenhain CNC systems. Background Technology

[0002] CNC machine tools have become mainstream equipment in modern manufacturing and are becoming increasingly widespread in my country. Machine tool probes, like cutting tools, have become indispensable basic equipment for CNC machine tools and are increasingly widely used in the machinery manufacturing field. The introduction of machine tool probes enables automatic measurement of workpieces, facilitating workpiece installation and adjustment, simplifying tooling fixtures, reducing costs, significantly shortening machine tool auxiliary time, and improving production efficiency. Simultaneously, it can improve the performance of CNC machine tools and extend their accuracy retention time, making CNC machine tools not only machining equipment but also possessing certain measurement functions. However, in CNC machining, after clamping the workpiece, it is usually necessary to manually use a dial indicator to level the machined surface, and then use a probe to automatically detect and align the machining zero point.

[0003] In today's fast-paced machinery manufacturing industry, the practice of manually using dial gauges to level machined surfaces has seriously affected production efficiency. Furthermore, manual intervention is often inefficient and may introduce human error. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes an automatic alignment method for the Heidenhain CNC system.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] An automatic alignment method for Heidenhain CNC systems includes the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Clamp the workpiece with the vise on the worktable of the five-axis machine tool, ensuring that the side of the workpiece to be measured is higher than the jaws, and then lock the vise; the five-axis machine tool is equipped with a probe mounted on the spindle; and the five-axis machine tool is equipped with a Heidenhain CNC system.

[0008] Step 2: Using the upper surface of the workpiece as the detection surface, construct a three-point plane and calculate the spatial angles A, B, and C required for the current tool axis vector to deflect relative to this plane.

[0009] Step 3: Use the Heidenhain CNC system to call spatial angles A, B, and C, so that the actual tool axis of the machine tool is perpendicular to the detection surface by the yaw of the two rotary axes.

[0010] Step 4: Using the Heidenhain CNC system's detection cycle 420, measure two points on the long side of the workpiece, draw a line between the two points, determine a virtual axis, make an angle between this virtual axis and the machine tool's X-axis, calculate the angle value, and save it to the system's background parameter Q150.

[0011] Step 5: Based on the yaw rate in Step 2, increase the yaw rate by the C-axis. At this point, the tool axis is perpendicular to the upper surface of the workpiece, and the measured edge is parallel to the X-axis.

[0012] Step 6: Detect the upper surface of the workpiece, collect data, and set it as the zero point in the Z direction of the workpiece coordinate system; detect the side of the workpiece, collect data, and set it as the zero point in the X direction of the workpiece coordinate system; detect the other side and its opposite side, collect data from the center, and set it as the zero point in the Y direction of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0013] In a further improvement, in step two, three detection points are randomly selected on the detection surface, and the three detection points are not on the same straight line; using the measurement cycle 431 of the Heidenhain CNC system, the coordinate values ​​of the three points in the entire machine tool space are measured; the three points form a surface, and the spatial angles A, B and C of the current tool axis vector relative to this surface are calculated.

[0014] In a further improvement, in step three, the tilting machining surface function of the Heidenhain CNC system is used to make the actual tool axis of the machine tool perpendicular to the probe surface by the yaw of the two rotary axes.

[0015] As a further improvement, in step five, the tilting machining surface function of the Heidenhain CNC system is used to retrieve parameter Q150, and the tilting C-axis is further increased on the tilting in step two.

[0016] In a further improvement, in step six, the Heidenhain CNC system's detection loop 417 is used to detect the upper surface of the workpiece, collect data, and set it as the zero point in the Z direction of the workpiece coordinate system; the detection loop 419 is used to detect the side of the workpiece, collect data, and set it as the zero point in the X direction of the workpiece coordinate system; the detection loop 409 is used to detect the other side and its opposite side, collect data from the center, and set it as the zero point in the Y direction of the workpiece coordinate system.

[0017] Advantages of this invention:

[0018] First, the manual dial indicator alignment process has been eliminated, greatly reducing the clamping and alignment time.

[0019] Second, it avoids the human error that is easily caused by manual dialing, and improves the accuracy of dialing alignment to the detection accuracy of machine tools.

[0020] Third, the workpiece is easier to clamp, saving manpower, improving efficiency, and reflecting the flexibility of workpiece clamping. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the contents of the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of the invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] An automatic alignment method for the Heidenhain CNC system involves the following steps: First, using system measurement cycle 431, the probe is positioned at the programming start point (position 1) along the tool axis, and the first contact point on the plane is measured. Next, the probe moves back to the clearance height and along the machining surface to position 2, measuring the actual value of the second contact point on the plane. Finally, the probe moves back to the clearance height and along the machining surface to position 3, measuring the actual value of the third contact point on the plane. Through this measurement cycle, the coordinate values ​​of three points on the workpiece machining plane within the entire machine tool space are measured (each point contains three absolute data values: X, Y, and Z), and the measured values ​​are saved in the system parameters in the background. It is important to note that the three measured points cannot be on a straight line; the third measurement point determines the subsequent tool axis direction, so it must be ensured that the third point is in the positive Y-axis direction of the predefined coordinate system. The CNC system can calculate spatial angles A, B, and C, and save the calculated data in system background parameters Q170, Q171, and Q172.

[0026] Then, by using the tilt machining surface function, these three parameters are invoked to make the tool axis tilt perpendicular to the machining surface.

[0027] Next, based on the new spatial coordinate system after the yaw measurement in probe cycle 431, probe cycle 420 is used again. By measuring two points on the side of the workpiece, a virtual axis is determined. This virtual axis is compared with the virtual axis after the yaw measurement in probe cycle 431 to calculate the angle difference, thus obtaining the angle and direction of the workpiece surface relative to the reference axis of the machining surface. It is important to note that the absolute value of the angle difference is defined as the rotation angle value, and the positive / negative sign of the angle difference determines the direction of rotation. The calculated positive / negative angle difference data values ​​are saved in the system background parameter Q150. The tilting machining surface function is used again, calling parameter Q150, to incrementally tilt the C-axis based on the original tilted coordinate system, so that the side of the workpiece coincides with the X-axis in the machining coordinate system.

[0028] At this point, the automatic measurement of workpiece misalignment after clamping and the rotation compensation positioning of the spatial coordinate system have been completed. Next, conventional detection functions are used to locate the workpiece's machining zero point in the newly positioned spatial coordinate system.

[0029] Use probe cycle 417 to measure any coordinate on the probe axis and define it as the zero point, then input the specified machining coordinate system. Here we use it to measure the Z-axis zero point.

[0030] Use probe cycle 419 to measure any coordinate on any axis and define it as the zero point, then input the specified machining coordinate system. Here we use it to measure the X-axis zero point.

[0031] Use probe cycle 409 to measure the center of the boss and define it as the zero point, then input the specified machining coordinate system. Here we use it to measure the Y-axis zero point.

[0032] The above steps complete all measurement, positioning, and alignment work. Tasks that previously required manual work are now automated by the machine tool program. In subsequent machining processes, a "marking subroutine" function has been added, which solidifies the spatial coordinate system rotation program after workpiece measurement into a subroutine. After each tool change, only the mark needs to be called.

[0033] Using this method, there are no specific requirements for workpiece installation. After clamping once, the various spatial angles of the workpiece can be quickly and accurately measured in the machine tool. The results are automatically fed back to the machine tool's CNC system, which performs internal calculations and converts them into the actual runout of each rotary axis, and makes corresponding rotational compensation. The entire process is controlled by the program and runs automatically, thus avoiding human error.

[0034] The procedure is as follows:

[0035] TCH PROBE 431 MEASURE PLANE

[0036] Q263=+2.5;1ST POINT 1ST AXIS

[0037] Q264=-22.2; 1ST POINT 2ND AXIS

[0038] Q294=+10;1ST POINT 3RD AXIS

[0039] Q265=+180; 2ND PNT IN 1ST AXIS

[0040] Q266=-30.5; 2ND PNT IN 2ND AXIS

[0041] Q295=+10;2ND PNT IN 3RD AXIS

[0042] Q296=+180;3RD PNT IN 1ST AXIS

[0043] Q297=+30.5;3RD PNT IN 2ND AXIS

[0044] Q298=+10;3RD PNT IN 3RD AXIS

[0045] Q320=+10;SET-UP CLEARANCE

[0046] Q260=+100;CLEARANCE HEIGHT

[0047] Q281=+0;MEASU RING LOG

[0048] TCH PROBE 420 MEASURE ANGLE

[0049] Q263=+13;1ST POINT 1ST AXIS

[0050] Q264=-40;1ST POINT 2ND AXIS

[0051] Q265=+180;2ND PNT IN 1ST AXIS

[0052] Q266=-40;2ND PNT IN 2N D AXIS

[0053] Q272=+2;MEASU RING AXIS

[0054] Q267=+1;TRAVERSE DIRECTION

[0055] Q261=-4;MEASURING H EIGHT

[0056] Q320=+10;SET-UP CLEARANCE

[0057] Q260=+50;CLEARANCE HEIGHT

[0058] Q301=+0;MOVE TO CLEARANCE

[0059] Q281=+0;MEASU RING LOG

[0060] TCH PROBE 417 DATUM IN TS AXlS

[0061] Q263=+2.5;1ST POINT 1ST AXIS

[0062] Q264=-22.2;1 ST POINT 2ND AXIS

[0063] Q294=+5;1ST POINT 3RD AXIS

[0064] Q320=+10;SET-U P CLEARANCE

[0065] Q260=+50;CLEARANCE HEIGHT

[0066] Q305=+6;NUMB ER IN TABLE

[0067] Q333=+0;DATUM

[0068] Q303=+1;MEAS.VALU E TRANSFER

[0069] TCH PROBE 419 DATUM IN ONE AXIS

[0070] Q263=-10;1ST POINT 1ST AXIS

[0071] Q264=-33;1ST POINT 2ND AXIS

[0072] Q261=-4;MEASURING HEIGHT

[0073] Q320=+10;SET-UP CLEARANCE

[0074] Q260=+50;CLEARANCE H EIGHT

[0075] Q272=+1;MEASURING AXIS

[0076] Q267=+1;TRAVERSE DIRECTION

[0077] Q305=+6;NUM BER IN TABLE

[0078] Q333=+0;DATUM

[0079] Q303=+1;MEAS.VALUE TRANSFER

[0080] TCH PROBE 409 RIDGE CENTER REF PT

[0081] Q321=+13;CENTER IN 1ST AXIS

[0082] Q322=+0;CENTER IN 2N D AXIS

[0083] Q311=+78;RIDGE WIDTH

[0084] Q272=+2;MEASU RING AXlS

[0085] Q261=-4;MEASURING HEIGHT

[0086] Q320=+10;SET-UP CLEARANCE

[0087] Q260=+50;CLEARANCE H EIGHT

[0088] Q305=+6;NUMBER IN TABLE

[0089] Q405=+0;DATUM

[0090] Q303=+1;MEAS.VALUE TRANSFER

[0091] Q381=+0;PROBE IN TS AXIS

[0092] Q382=+0;1ST CO.FOR TS AXIS

[0093] Q383=+0;2ND CO.FOR TS AXIS

[0094] Q384=+0;3RD CO.FOR TS AXIS

[0095] Q333=+0;DATUM

[0096] LBL 111

[0097] PLANE SPATIAL SPA+Q170 SPB+Q171 SPC+Q172 TURN FMAX SEQ-PLANE RELATIVSPC+Q150TURN FMAXSEQ-。

[0098] LBL 0

[0099] The above is only one specific implementation method of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any non-substantial modifications made to the present invention using this concept shall be considered as infringing the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic alignment method for a Heidenhain CNC system, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Clamp the workpiece with the vise on the worktable of the five-axis machine tool, ensuring that the side of the workpiece to be measured is higher than the jaws, and then lock the vise; the five-axis machine tool is equipped with a probe mounted on the spindle; and the five-axis machine tool is equipped with a Heidenhain CNC system. Step 2: Using the upper surface of the workpiece as the detection surface, construct a three-point plane and calculate the required spatial angles A, B, and C of the current tool axis vector relative to this plane. Three detection points are randomly selected on the detection surface, and the three detection points are not on the same straight line; using the measurement cycle 431 of the Heidenhain CNC system, the coordinate values ​​of the three points in the entire machine tool space are measured; the three points form a surface, and the spatial angles A, B and C of the current tool axis vector relative to this surface are calculated; Step 3: Use the Heidenhain CNC system to call spatial angles A, B, and C to make the actual tool axis of the machine tool perpendicular to the probe surface by the yaw of the two rotary axes: Use the tilting machining surface function of the Heidenhain CNC system to make the actual tool axis of the machine tool perpendicular to the probe surface by the yaw of the two rotary axes. Step 4: Using the Heidenhain CNC system's detection cycle 420, measure two points on the long side of the workpiece, draw a line between the two points, determine a virtual axis, make an angle between this virtual axis and the machine tool's X-axis, calculate the angle value, and save it to the system's background parameter Q150. Step 5: Based on the yaw in Step 2, further increase the yaw C-axis. At this point, the tool axis is perpendicular to the upper surface of the workpiece, and the measured edge is parallel to the X-axis. Use the tilt machining surface function of the Heidenhain CNC system, select parameter Q150, and further increase the yaw C-axis based on the yaw in Step 2. Step 6: Probe the upper surface of the workpiece, collect data, and set it as the zero point in the Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system; probe the side of the workpiece, collect data, and set it as the zero point in the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system; probe the other side and its opposite side, collect data from the center, and set it as the zero point in the Y-axis of the workpiece coordinate system: Use probe cycle 417 of the Heidenhain CNC system to probe the upper surface of the workpiece, collect data, and set it as the zero point in the Z-axis of the workpiece coordinate system; use probe cycle 419 to probe the side of the workpiece, collect data, and set it as the zero point in the X-axis of the workpiece coordinate system. Using probe cycle 409, probe the other side and its opposite side, take the data from the middle, and set it as the zero point in the Y direction of the workpiece coordinate system.

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