Mud circulation system

Abstract

The embodiment of the application relates to a mud circulating system, and belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment. The embodiment of the application aims to solve the technical problem that the flushing performance of the mud circulating system in the related art is weak and the mud circulating system cannot be applied to large-diameter or super-large-diameter tunnel engineering. The mud circulating system comprises: a mud treatment device; a mud inlet pipeline assembly that is connected to the mud treatment device and a shield body and is used for conveying mud from the mud treatment device to the shield body; at least one flushing pipeline assembly that comprises a first flushing pipeline, a second flushing pipeline and a switching module, the first flushing pipeline is connected to the mud inlet pipeline assembly and the shield body; the second flushing pipeline is parallel to the first flushing pipeline, is connected to the mud inlet pipeline assembly and the shield body, and is provided with a booster pump; and the switching module is used for adjusting the flushing mode of the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline. The mud circulating system can be applied to large-diameter or super-large-diameter tunnel engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment technology, and in particular to a mud circulation system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnels are being promoted and applied due to their advantage of intensively utilizing tunnel resources. Large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnels are typically excavated using slurry-balanced shield tunneling machines. These machines have a slurry circulation system, which is used to maintain the stability of the excavation face and to transport the massive amounts of excavated material. The slurry circulation system also has a flushing function, capable of flushing the air cushion chamber, excavation chamber, and cutterhead of the slurry-balanced shield tunneling machine.

[0003] In related technologies, the mud circulation system includes mud treatment equipment, a mud inlet pipeline assembly, a mud outlet pipeline assembly, and a flushing pipeline assembly. The mud inlet and outlet pipeline assemblies are connected to the mud treatment equipment and the shield body, forming a mud circulation path. The flushing pipeline assembly is connected to the mud inlet pipeline assembly to introduce mud into the shield body, thereby flushing various areas within the shield body.

[0004] However, the scouring performance of the mud circulation system in the relevant technology is relatively weak, which makes the mud balance shield machine prone to problems such as mud cake formation on the cutterhead, pipe blockage, pump blockage and chamber blockage, making it unsuitable for large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnel projects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides a mud circulation system to solve the technical problem that the scouring performance of mud circulation systems in the related art is weak and cannot be applied to large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnel projects.

[0006] The mud circulation system provided in this application includes a mud treatment device, a mud inlet pipeline assembly, and at least one flushing pipeline assembly. The mud inlet pipeline assembly connects the mud treatment device and the shield body, and is used to transport mud from the mud treatment device to the shield body. The flushing pipeline assembly includes a first flushing pipeline, a second flushing pipeline, and a switching module. The first flushing pipeline connects the mud inlet pipeline assembly and the shield body. The second flushing pipeline is parallel to the first flushing pipeline and connects the mud inlet pipeline assembly and the shield body. A booster pump is provided on the second flushing pipeline. The switching module connects the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline, and is used to adjust the flushing mode of the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline.

[0007] The mud circulation system of this application embodiment includes a flushing pipeline assembly comprising a first flushing pipeline and a second flushing pipeline arranged in parallel and connecting the shield body and the mud treatment equipment. A booster pump is installed on the second flushing pipeline. A switching module is also connected between the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline. The switching module can adjust the flushing mode of the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline, increasing the number of flushing modes of the flushing pipeline assembly and improving the control accuracy of the flushing pipeline assembly. As a result, the mud circulation system of this application embodiment has strong flushing performance under different geological conditions, and is therefore suitable for large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnel projects, thus improving the applicability of the slurry balance shield machine.

[0008] In some implementations that may include the above embodiments, the switching module includes a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe that are independent of each other and cross-arranged. The first end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the first flushing pipe, and the second end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the second flushing pipe. The first end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the second flushing pipe, and the second end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the first flushing pipe. A switching valve is provided on each of the first flushing pipe, the second flushing pipe, the first connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe. The switching valve on the first flushing pipe is located between the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, and the switching valve on the second flushing pipe is located between the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe.

[0009] In some implementations that may include the above embodiments, the first flushing pipe and the second flushing pipe are connected to a first flushing nozzle at the end away from the slurry inlet pipe assembly.

[0010] In some implementations that may include the above embodiments, the first flushing nozzle includes a first slurry inlet sub-pipe and at least one first slurry outlet sub-pipe connected together. The first slurry inlet sub-pipe has a first slurry inlet, which is connected to the first flushing pipe or the second flushing pipe. The first slurry outlet sub-pipe has a first slurry outlet, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the first slurry inlet.

[0011] In some implementations that may include the above embodiments, the first flushing nozzle includes a second slurry inlet pipe, a hose, and a second slurry outlet pipe connected in sequence, as well as two motors; the second slurry inlet pipe has a second slurry inlet at one end away from the hose, and the second slurry inlet is connected to one end of the first flushing pipe or the second flushing pipe; the second slurry outlet pipe has a second slurry outlet at one end away from the hose, and the diameter of the second slurry outlet is smaller than the diameter of the second slurry inlet; the two motors are respectively installed on both sides of the second slurry inlet pipe, and the output shafts of the two motors are wound with steel wire ropes, and the ends of the two steel wire ropes are respectively connected to both sides of the second slurry outlet pipe.

[0012] In some implementations that may include the above embodiments, at least one of the flushing pipeline assembly includes at least one of a first flushing pipeline assembly, a second flushing pipeline assembly, and a third flushing pipeline assembly; the first flushing pipeline of the first flushing pipeline assembly is connected to the excavation chamber and is connected to the rotary joint assembly of the cutterhead; the second flushing pipeline of the first flushing pipeline assembly is connected to the air cushion chamber and faces the grid; the first flushing pipeline of the second flushing pipeline assembly is connected to the air cushion chamber and faces the mud gate; the second flushing pipeline of the second flushing pipeline assembly is connected to the air cushion chamber and faces the crusher; the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline of the third flushing pipeline assembly are both connected to the excavation chamber and face the bottom of the excavation chamber.

[0013] In some implementations that may include the above embodiments, the slurry inlet pipeline assembly includes a main slurry inlet pipeline and a first branch pipeline. The main slurry inlet pipeline is connected to the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline. A first end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the main slurry inlet pipeline, and a second end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the top of the air cushion chamber for inputting mud into the air cushion chamber. The first branch pipeline has a first valve assembly. The first branch pipeline is also connected to a bypass pipeline. Both ends of the bypass pipeline are spanned across both ends of the first valve assembly and are connected to the first branch pipeline. The bypass pipeline is provided with a second valve assembly, and the inner diameter of the bypass pipeline is smaller than the inner diameter of the main slurry inlet pipeline.

[0014] In some implementations that may include the above embodiments, the slurry inlet pipeline assembly further includes a second branch, the first end of which is connected to the main slurry inlet pipeline, the second end of which is connected to the excavation chamber, and the end of the second branch away from the main slurry inlet pipeline is connected to a second flushing nozzle, the second flushing nozzle being directed toward the cutterhead.

[0015] In some implementations that may include the above embodiments, the mud circulation system further includes a connecting pipe, which is vertically arranged inside the air cushion chamber. One end of the connecting pipe is located at the bottom of the air cushion chamber, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the top of the excavation chamber. The mud inlet pipe assembly further includes a third branch, the first end of which is connected to the main mud inlet pipe, the second end of which is connected to the connecting pipe, and a fourth valve assembly is provided on the third branch.

[0016] In some implementations that may include the above embodiments, the mud circulation system further includes a slurry discharge pipeline assembly, which connects the mud treatment equipment and the shield body, and is used to transport mud from the shield body to the mud treatment equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mud circulation system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the slurry inlet pipeline assembly;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slurry discharge pipeline assembly;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the middle discharge bend;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the switching module in the middle;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the first-view structure of the switching module in the image;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the second-view structure of the switching module in the diagram;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first flushing nozzle in some implementations of the embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first flushing nozzle in some implementations of the embodiments of this application;

[0027] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first flushing nozzle in some implementations of the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure between the first and second partitions;

[0029] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of the pipeline fixing assembly.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 10-shield;

[0032] 110 - Excavation bin; 111 - Cutterhead;

[0033] 112 - Rotary assembly; 120 - Air cushion chamber;

[0034] 130 - Stone crusher; 140 - Grating;

[0035] 150 - First partition; 160 - Second partition;

[0036] 170-H frame; 180-assembly machine;

[0037] 181-Supporting beam;

[0038] 20-Trailer;

[0039] 30 - Mud treatment equipment;

[0040] 40 - Grout inlet piping assembly;

[0041] 410 - Main slurry inlet pipe; 411 - Main slurry inlet pipe;

[0042] 412 - Main feed branch pipe; 413 - Feed reducer bend;

[0043] 414 - Slurry inlet reducing straight pipe; 415 - Reducing bifurcation pipe;

[0044] 420 - First branch; 421 - First valve assembly;

[0045] 422 - Bypass line; 423 - Second valve assembly;

[0046] 430 - Second branch; 431 - Third valve assembly;

[0047] 440 - Third branch; 441 - Connecting pipeline;

[0048] 442 - Fourth valve assembly;

[0049] 50 - Slurry discharge pipeline assembly;

[0050] 510 - Main slurry discharge pipe; 511 - Slurry discharge bend;

[0051] 512 - Branching pipe; 513 - First fixed pipe clamp;

[0052] 514 - Wear detection device; 515 - Outer wall;

[0053] 516-inner wall; 517-first tube body;

[0054] 5171 - First welding flange; 5172 - Second welding flange;

[0055] 518 - Second pipe body; 5181 - Loose flange;

[0056] 5182 - Third welding flange; 5183 - Reinforcing plate layer;

[0057] 519 - Fourth gate valve; 520 - Fourth branch;

[0058] 521 - Fifth valve assembly; 530 - Fifth branch;

[0059] 531 - Sixth valve assembly; 540 - Backwash slurry inlet pipe;

[0060] 541 - Seventh valve assembly; 550 - Backwash slurry discharge pipeline;

[0061] 551 - Eighth Valve Assembly;

[0062] 60 - Flushing piping assembly;

[0063] 610 - First flushing line; 620 - Second flushing line;

[0064] 630 - Switching module; 631 - First connecting pipe;

[0065] 632 - Second connecting pipe; 640 - First flushing nozzle;

[0066] 641 - First inlet slurry pipe; 642 - First outlet slurry pipe;

[0067] 643 - First slurry inlet; 644 - First slurry outlet;

[0068] 651 - Second inlet slurry pipe; 652 - Second outlet slurry pipe;

[0069] 653 - Hose; 654 - Second slurry inlet;

[0070] 655 - Second slurry outlet; 656 - Motor;

[0071] 657 - Motor mount; 658 - Steel wire rope;

[0072] 660 - First flushing piping assembly; 661 - First flushing straight pipe;

[0073] 662 - First flushing bend; 663 - Second flushing bend;

[0074] 670 - Second flushing piping assembly; 671 - Third flushing bend;

[0075] 672 - Fourth flushing bend; 680 - Third flushing piping assembly;

[0076] 681 - Fifth flushing bend;

[0077] 70 - Pipeline support assembly;

[0078] 710 - First mounting base; 711 - First through hole;

[0079] 720 - Truss; 721 - Connector;

[0080] 722 - Connecting plate; 723 - Second fixing pipe clamp;

[0081] 724 - Second mounting bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0082] The mud circulation system in related technologies suffers from weak scouring performance, making it unsuitable for large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnel projects. The inventors' research revealed that this problem stems from the following: when using a slurry-balanced shield tunneling machine to excavate large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnels, the excavation face is large, and geological conditions encompass soft soil, clay, conglomerate, pebbles, slab sand, granite, boulder fields, karst areas, river channels, soft-over-hard, soft-left-right-hard, highly permeable, and high-water-pressure conditions. However, the mud circulation system in related technologies has a single scouring mode and weak scouring capacity. Especially when constructing in soft soil, soft-over-hard composite strata, and fractured zones, problems such as cutterhead mud cake formation, pipe blockage, pump blockage, and chamber blockage easily occur, increasing the difficulty and risk of tunnel construction.

[0083] In view of this, the slurry circulation system of this application embodiment is provided with a switching module in the flushing pipeline assembly. The switching module is connected to the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline and is used to adjust the flushing mode of the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline. This increases the number of flushing modes of the flushing pipeline assembly and improves the control accuracy of the flushing pipeline assembly. As a result, the slurry circulation system of this application embodiment has strong flushing performance under different geological conditions, and is therefore suitable for large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnel projects, thus improving the applicability of slurry balance shield machines.

[0084] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0085] refer to Figure 1 The mud circulation system of this application embodiment includes a mud treatment device 30, a mud inlet pipeline assembly 40, and at least one flushing pipeline assembly 60. The mud inlet pipeline assembly 40 connects the mud treatment device 30 and the shield body 10, and is used to transport mud from the mud treatment device 30 to the shield body 10. The flushing pipeline assembly 60 includes a first flushing pipeline 610, a second flushing pipeline 620, and a switching module 630. The first flushing pipeline 610 connects the mud inlet pipeline assembly 40 and the shield body 10. The second flushing pipeline 620 is parallel to the first flushing pipeline 610 and connects the mud inlet pipeline assembly 40 and the shield body 10. A booster pump P3 is installed on the second flushing pipeline 620. The switching module 630 connects the first flushing pipeline 610 and the second flushing pipeline 620, and is used to adjust the flushing mode of the first flushing pipeline 610 and the second flushing pipeline 620.

[0086] The mud circulation system of this application embodiment includes a flushing pipeline assembly 60 comprising a first flushing pipeline 610 and a second flushing pipeline 620 arranged in parallel and connecting the shield body 10 and the mud treatment equipment 30. A booster pump P3 is installed on the second flushing pipeline 620. A switching module 630 is also connected between the first flushing pipeline 610 and the second flushing pipeline 620. The switching module 630 can adjust the flushing mode of the first flushing pipeline 610 and the second flushing pipeline 620, increasing the number of flushing modes of the flushing pipeline assembly 60 and improving the control accuracy of the flushing pipeline assembly 60. As a result, the mud circulation system of this application embodiment has strong flushing performance under different geological conditions, and is therefore suitable for large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnel projects, thus improving the applicability of the slurry balance shield machine.

[0087] refer to Figure 1 The slurry balance shield tunneling machine may include a shield body 10 and a trailer 20 connected together. The shield body 10 may have a communicating excavation chamber 110 and an air cushion chamber 120. Exemplarily, the shield body 10 may include a shield shell, and a first partition 150 and a second partition 160 located within the shield shell. The first partition 150 is connected to the inner wall 516 of the shield shell, forming an excavation chamber 110 with an opening, and a cutterhead 111 for tunneling is provided inside the excavation chamber 110. Exemplarily, the cutterhead 111 can be connected to the shield body 10 via a rotating assembly 112. A mud door (not shown in the figures) may be provided at the bottom of the first partition 150. The second partition 160 is spaced apart from the first partition 150 and connected to the interior of the shield shell. The first partition 150, the second partition 160, and the shield shell form an air cushion chamber 120. The air cushion chamber 120 is connected to the excavation chamber 110 through the mud door. The mud-water circulation system connects the shield body 10 and the mud treatment equipment 30, and is used to deliver mud to the excavation chamber 110 or the air cushion chamber 120, and to discharge mud from the excavation chamber 110 or the air cushion chamber 120.

[0088] During tunnel excavation, the cutterhead 111 excavates at the tunnel face. A mud circulation system injects mud into the excavation chamber 110, filling it completely. The mud forms an impermeable film at the excavation face, maintaining a certain water pressure through the tension of this film. This balances the earth pressure and water pressure on the excavation face, improving its stability. The excavated rock and debris from the cutterhead 111 mix with the mud. This mixture enters the excavation chamber 110 and the air cushion chamber 120, and is then discharged via the mud circulation system into the mud treatment equipment 30 outside the tunnel for processing, including rock separation and quality adjustment. The treated mud is then reinjected into the excavation chamber 110 via the mud circulation system.

[0089] For example, the thickness of the mud film formed by the slurry at the excavation face can increase with the increase of infiltration time, thereby effectively improving the infiltration resistance of the mud film. Secondly, the pressure generated by the mud film and the soil pressure at the excavation face create a mud-water balance effect, which can effectively support and stabilize the soil at the excavation face. The slurry also has a cooling and lubricating effect on the cutterhead 111, etc., to extend the service life of the cutterhead 111. For example, the slurry may include bentonite, carboxymethyl starch (CMS), soda ash, and water. Bentonite can improve the viscosity, specific gravity, suspension, and thixotropy of the slurry. CMS can reduce the water loss rate of the slurry and increase its viscosity. Soda ash is used to adjust the pH value of the slurry and disperse the slag particles, etc.

[0090] The mud circulation system can also be used to inject compressed air into the shield body 10 to form a dual loop of mud and air. For example, compressed air can be injected into the area above the axis of the slurry-balanced tunnel boring machine within the air cushion chamber 120 to form an air buffer layer that contacts the mud located within the air cushion chamber 120. Since the contacting air buffer layer and mud have the same pressure, the pressure of the mud in the air cushion chamber 120 and the excavation chamber 110 can be controlled by monitoring and controlling the pressure of the air buffer layer. This allows for the determination and maintenance of the mud support force on the excavation face, improving the accuracy of mud pressure control and further ensuring the stability of the excavation face.

[0091] Exemplarily, the mud circulation system may include a mud treatment device 30. The mud treatment device 30 is used to treat the mud. Exemplarily, the mud treatment device 30 may include a mud-water mixing unit and a mud-water treatment unit. The mud-water mixing unit may include a fresh mud tank, a fresh mud pump, a fresh mud agitator, a fresh mud storage tank, a CMS mixing tank, a CMS agitator, a CMS pump, a distribution valve, and water addition equipment, etc. The mud-water treatment unit is capable of separating particles from the mud mixed with slag. Exemplarily, the mud-water treatment unit may include a vibrating screen, which is capable of separating slag mixed in the mud and pre-treating the mud to remove relatively large, lumpy or blocky slag. The number of vibrating screens may be single-layered, double-layered, or triple-layered; this will not be elaborated further in this embodiment.

[0092] The mud circulation system may also include a mud inlet pipeline assembly 40 and a mud outlet pipeline assembly 50. The mud inlet pipeline assembly 40 connects the mud treatment equipment 30 and the shield body 10 and is used to transport mud from the mud treatment equipment 30 to the shield body 10.

[0093] For example, refer to Figure 1 The slurry inlet pipeline assembly 40 includes a main slurry inlet pipeline 410, one end of which is connected to the mud treatment equipment 30, and the other end of which is connected to the excavation chamber 110 or the air cushion chamber 120 of the shield body 10. A first pump body P1 may be installed on the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 to provide power so that the mud in the mud treatment equipment 30 can enter the main slurry inlet pipeline 410. For example, the inner diameter of the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 may be 500 mm.

[0094] Exemplarily, the slurry inlet pipeline assembly 40 may further include a first branch 420, with a first end connected to the other end of the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 and a second end connected to the top of the air cushion chamber 120 for inputting slurry into the air cushion chamber 120. A first valve assembly 421 may be provided on the first branch 420 for controlling the opening and closing of the first branch 420. Exemplarily, the first valve assembly 421 may include a first ball valve. The first ball valve may be a pneumatic ball valve. The slurry balance shield machine may include a slurry monitoring system, and the first valve assembly 421 may be electrically connected to the slurry monitoring system, allowing remote control of the first valve assembly 421 to open or close the first branch 420. Exemplarily, the first valve assembly 421 is opened when the slurry balance shield machine is working normally and closed when the slurry balance shield machine is stopped. For example, the first branch 420 may also be equipped with a first gate valve and a vibration damper. The first gate valve is used to shut off the first branch 420 in an emergency and is a safety valve. The vibration damper can reduce the vibration and noise of the first branch 420.

[0095] The first branch line 420 may also be connected to a bypass line 422, with both ends of the bypass line 422 spanning across both ends of the first valve assembly 421 and connected to the first branch line 420. The bypass line 422 may be equipped with a second valve assembly 423. Exemplarily, the second valve assembly 423 may be electrically connected to a slurry monitoring system, allowing remote control of the second valve assembly 423 to open or close the bypass line 422. The second valve assembly 423 may include a second ball valve. The second ball valve may be a hydraulic ball valve. The second valve assembly 423 may also include a check valve, which allows slurry in the bypass branch line to flow into the air cushion chamber 120, preventing slurry in the air cushion chamber 120 from flowing out of the bypass line 422. Exemplarily, the bypass line 422 may also be equipped with a vibration damping throat to reduce vibration and noise. The inner diameter of the bypass line 422 may be smaller than the inner diameter of the main slurry inlet line 410. For example, the inner diameter of the bypass pipe 422 can be 100 mm.

[0096] When the slurry balance tunnel boring machine (TBM) stops working, the first valve assembly 421 can be controlled to close the first branch line 420. The slurry balance TBM may include a level sensor capable of measuring the slurry level in the air cushion chamber 120. When the slurry level in the air cushion chamber 120 is low, the second valve assembly 423 can be controlled to open the bypass pipe 422, allowing a small amount of slurry to be added to the air cushion chamber 120 through the bypass pipe 422 to maintain the stability of the tunnel face.

[0097] The slurry inlet pipeline assembly 40 may further include a second branch 430. The first end of the second branch 430 is connected to the other end of the main slurry inlet pipeline 410, and the second end of the second branch 430 is connected to the excavation chamber 110. A second flushing nozzle may be connected to the end of the second branch 430 away from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410, and the second flushing nozzle faces the cutterhead 111. For example, the interior of the second flushing nozzle may be made of a wear-resistant material, and the nozzle may have eight small flushing orifices. These eight orifices can efficiently flush the cutterhead 111 from four directions. This arrangement allows the slurry in the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 to enter the excavation chamber 110 via the second branch 430, injecting slurry into the chamber. Furthermore, the slurry can be sprayed onto the cutterhead 111 via the second flushing nozzle to flush the cutterhead 111 and prevent mud cake formation. Exemplarily, a third valve assembly 431 may be provided on the second branch 430, the third valve assembly 431 being used to open or close the second branch 430. The third valve assembly 431 may include a third ball valve. The third ball valve may be electrically connected to a sludge monitoring system, and the third ball valve may be controlled by the sludge monitoring system to open or close the second branch 430. Exemplarily, the third ball valve may be a pneumatic ball valve. The third valve assembly 431 may also include a second gate valve, the second gate valve being used to shut off the second branch 430 in an emergency, and is a safety valve. A vibration damping throat may also be provided on the second branch 430 to reduce the vibration and noise of the second branch 430.

[0098] refer to Figure 1The mud circulation system may further include a connecting pipe 441, which is vertically installed within the air cushion chamber 120. One end of the connecting pipe 441 is located within the air cushion chamber 120, and the other end is connected to the top of the excavation chamber 110. The excavation chamber 110 and the air cushion chamber 120 are connected via the connecting pipe 441 to balance the mud pressure within the excavation chamber 110 and the air cushion chamber 120. The mud inlet assembly 40 may further include a third branch 440, the first end of which is connected to the main mud inlet pipeline 410, and the second end of which is connected to the connecting pipe 441. A fourth valve assembly 442 is installed on the third branch 440 for opening or closing the third branch 440. Exemplarily, the fourth valve assembly 442 can be electrically connected to a sludge monitoring system, and can be activated and controlled via the sludge monitoring system to open or close the third branch 440. Exemplarily, the fourth valve assembly 442 may include a fourth ball valve. The fourth ball valve can be electrically connected to the sludge monitoring system, and can be controlled via the sludge monitoring system to open or close the third branch 440. Exemplarily, the fourth ball valve can be a pneumatic ball valve. The fourth valve assembly 442 may also include a third gate valve, which is used to shut off the third branch 440 in an emergency and is a safety valve. A vibration damping throat may also be provided on the third branch 440 to reduce vibration and noise.

[0099] When the slurry balance shield machine is working normally, the fourth valve assembly 442 is controlled to close the third branch 440. When the connecting pipe 441 is blocked, the fourth valve assembly 442 can be controlled to open the third branch 440, allowing slurry from the main slurry inlet pipe 410 to be introduced into the connecting pipe 441 to flush and clear the blockage.

[0100] For example, refer to Figure 2The main slurry inlet pipeline 410 may include a main slurry inlet pipeline 411, a main slurry inlet branch pipe 412, a slurry inlet reducing bend pipe 413, and a slurry inlet reducing straight pipe 414 connected in sequence. The main slurry inlet pipeline 411 may include a main slurry inlet straight pipe and a main slurry inlet bend pipe connected together. The inner diameter of the main slurry inlet pipeline 411 may be 500 mm, and the outer diameter may be 546 mm. The main slurry inlet branch pipe 412 may be used to connect to the flushing pipeline assembly 60. For example, the main slurry inlet branch pipe 412 may be a tee pipe. The inner diameters of the slurry inlet reducing bend pipe 413 and the slurry inlet reducing straight pipe 414 are smaller than the main slurry inlet, and may be 300 mm. With this configuration, the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 can form a two-stage pressurization structure to pressurize the slurry in the main slurry inlet pipeline 410. One end of the feed inlet reducing bend 413 can be connected to a reducing branch pipe 415, which includes a first branch 420, a second branch 430, and a third branch 440. For example, the inner diameter of the first branch 420 can be 150 mm. The inner diameter of the second branch 430 can be 200 mm. The second branch 430 can branch off two flushing ports with an inner diameter of 150 mm on the first partition 150. One flushing port can flush directly in front of the cutter head 111, and the other flushing port can flush directly towards the center of the cutter head 111. The inner diameter of the third branch 440 can be 150 mm.

[0101] For example, the number of the slurry inlet reducing bend 413, the slurry inlet reducing straight pipe 414, and the reducing branch pipe 415 can all be one. (Reference) Figure 2 The number of the slurry inlet reducing bend 413, the slurry inlet reducing straight pipe 414, and the reducing branch pipe 415 can all be two, with the two slurry inlet reducing bend 413, the two slurry inlet reducing straight pipe 414, and the reducing branch pipe 415 respectively set on both sides of the main slurry inlet pipeline 411.

[0102] The mud circulation system may also include a slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50, which connects the mud treatment equipment 30 and the shield 10. For example, the slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50 connects the mud treatment equipment 30 and the shield 10 to transport mud from inside the shield 10 to the mud treatment equipment 30, thereby working together with the slurry inlet pipeline assembly 40 to form a mud circulation path.

[0103] For example, refer to Figure 1The slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50 may include a main slurry discharge pipeline 510, a fourth branch pipeline 520, and a fifth branch pipeline 530. One end of the main slurry discharge pipeline 510 is connected to the mud treatment equipment 30, and the second end of the main slurry discharge pipeline 510 is connected to the excavation chamber 110 or the air cushion chamber 120 of the shield body 10. A second pump body P2 is provided on the main slurry discharge pipeline 510, which provides power for transporting the mud in the main slurry discharge pipeline 510 to the mud treatment equipment 30. For example, the second pump body P2 can be a slurry pump with a power of 1100kW. The inner diameter of the main slurry discharge pipeline 510 can be 500mm. A fourth gate valve 519 may also be provided on the main slurry discharge pipeline 510. The fourth gate valve 519 is used to shut off the main slurry discharge pipeline 510 in an emergency and is a safety valve. A vibration damping throat may also be provided on the main slurry discharge pipeline 510 to reduce the vibration and noise of the main slurry discharge pipeline 510. One end of the fourth branch line 520 is connected to the main slurry discharge line 510, and the other end is connected to the excavation chamber 110, for discharging slurry from the excavation chamber 110 into the main slurry inlet line 410, and further into the slurry treatment equipment 30. Exemplarily, the fourth branch line 520 can be connected to the first partition 150. Exemplarily, a fifth valve assembly 521 can be provided on the fourth branch line 520. The fifth valve assembly 521 may include a fifth ball valve. The fifth ball valve can be a hydraulic ball valve. The fifth valve assembly 521 can be electrically connected to a slurry monitoring system, and the fifth valve assembly 521 can be controlled by the slurry monitoring system to open or close the fourth branch line 520.

[0104] One end of the fifth branch line 530 is connected to the main discharge pipeline 510, and the other end is connected to the air cushion chamber 120. This branch line is used to discharge the slurry from the air cushion chamber 120 into the main inlet pipeline 410, and further into the slurry treatment equipment 30. A sixth valve assembly 531 is installed on the fifth branch line 530. The sixth valve assembly 531 may include a sixth ball valve. The sixth ball valve may be a hydraulic ball valve. The sixth valve assembly 531 can be electrically connected to a slurry monitoring system, and the system can control the sixth valve assembly 531 to open or close the fifth branch line 530.

[0105] When the fifth valve assembly 521 opens the fourth branch 520 and the sixth valve assembly 531 closes the fifth branch 530, the slurry in the slurry balance shield tunneling machine is discharged from the excavation chamber 110 through the fourth branch 520 and enters the main slurry discharge pipeline 510. This slurry discharge mode is the direct slurry discharge mode. The direct slurry discharge mode can improve the slurry discharge speed and the tunneling efficiency of the slurry balance shield tunneling machine, and can be applied to soft soil strata and silty soil strata. When the fifth valve assembly 521 closes the fourth branch 520 and the sixth valve assembly 531 opens the fifth branch 530, the slurry in the slurry balance shield tunneling machine is discharged from the air cushion chamber 120 through the fifth branch 530 and enters the main slurry discharge pipeline 510. This slurry discharge mode is the indirect slurry discharge mode. Indirect slurry discharge mode can improve the stability of the mud film during slurry discharge, thereby improving the stability of the tunnel excavation face. It is suitable for situations such as large excavation cross-section, long tunneling distance, shallow overburden, deep foundation pit, high water pressure, and complex and variable geological conditions.

[0106] refer to Figure 1 The slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50 may further include a backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540 and a backwash slurry discharge pipeline 550. The first end of the backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540 is connected to the main slurry inlet pipeline 410, and the first end of the backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540 is located at the rear end of the first pump body P1. That is, the slurry first passes through the first pump body P1, and then through the backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540. The second end of the backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540 is connected to the main slurry discharge pipeline 510, and the second end of the backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540 is located at the front end of the second pump body P2. That is, the slurry first passes through the second end of the backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540, and then enters the second pump body P2. A seventh valve assembly 541 is provided on the backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540, and the seventh valve assembly 541 is used to control the opening and closing of the backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540. For example, the seventh valve assembly 541 may include a seventh ball valve. The seventh ball valve may be a hydraulically controlled ball valve.

[0107] The first end of the backwash discharge pipeline 550 can be provided with two branches, which are respectively connected to the excavation chamber 110 and the air cushion chamber 120. The second end of the backwash discharge pipeline 550 is connected to the main discharge pipeline 510, and the second end of the backwash discharge pipeline 550 is located between the backwash inlet pipeline 540 and the second pump body P2. An eighth valve assembly 551 can be provided on the main discharge pipeline 510, which is located between the backwash discharge pipeline 550 and the discharge inlet pipeline, and is used to control the on / off state of the main discharge pipeline 510 at the front end of the second pump body P2. For example, the eighth valve assembly 551 may include an eighth ball valve. The eighth ball valve can be a hydraulically controlled ball valve.

[0108] When the slurry balance shield machine is operating normally, the seventh valve assembly 541 is controlled to close the backwash slurry inlet pipe 540, and the eighth valve assembly 551 is controlled to open the slurry discharge main pipe 510. When the slurry discharge main pipe 510, the fourth branch pipe 520, and / or the fifth branch pipe 530 in the slurry discharge pipe assembly 50 become blocked, the eighth valve assembly 551 is controlled to close the slurry discharge main pipe 510 at the front end of the second pump body P2, and the seventh valve assembly 541 is controlled to open the backwash slurry inlet pipe 540. Under the action of the first pump body P1, the slurry in the slurry inlet pipe 410 enters the backwash slurry inlet pipe 540, and from the backwash slurry inlet pipe 540 enters the slurry discharge main pipe 510 at the front end of the second pump body P2 to flush the slurry discharge main pipe 510, the fourth branch pipe 520, and / or the fifth branch pipe 530. Under the action of the second pump body P2, the injected slurry is flushed into the backwash discharge pipeline 550 through the excavation chamber 110 or the air cushion chamber 120, and enters the slurry treatment equipment 30 from the discharge main pipeline 510 located at the rear end of the second pump body P2.

[0109] For example, the bottom of the air cushion chamber 120 may be equipped with a grating 140 and a crusher 130. The grating 140 is installed over the opening of the fifth branch 530 to filter the mud entering the fifth branch 530. The grating 140 can filter out larger stones, preventing blockage of the fifth branch 530 and the main discharge pipeline 510. The crusher 130 is located on the side of the grating 140 facing away from the opening of the fifth branch 530, and is used to crush the stones filtered out by the grating 140, so that the stones can pass through the grating 140 into the fifth branch 530, thereby preventing the stones from accumulating at the bottom of the excavation chamber 110 and the air cushion chamber 120.

[0110] For example, the slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50 may also include an ultrasonic cleaning device (not shown in the figures), which may be installed at the inlet of the fifth branch 530 and act between the grid 140 and the inlet of the fifth branch 530 to clean the grid 140 and the inlet of the fifth branch 530.

[0111] refer to Figure 3 The main slurry discharge pipeline 510 may include a slurry discharge bend 511. The slurry discharge bend 511 can be connected to the trailer 20 via a first fixing pipe clamp 513. One end of the slurry discharge bend 511 can be connected to other supporting pipelines via a connecting hose, and the other end of the slurry discharge bend 511 is connected to a branch pipeline 512. The end of the branch pipeline 512 away from the slurry discharge bend 511 is connected to a fourth branch pipeline 520 and a fifth branch pipeline 530, respectively. A wear detection device 514 may be installed on the slurry discharge bend 511 to detect the wear condition of the slurry discharge bend 511. A connecting flange may be installed at the end of the fourth branch pipeline 520 away from the branch pipeline 512, and the connecting flange can be connected to the first partition plate 150 by bolts.

[0112] The pipe bodies of the slurry discharge bend 511, the branch pipe 512, the fourth branch 520, and the fifth branch 530 can all be made of composite materials. For example, refer to... Figure 4 The pipe bodies of the slurry discharge bend 511, the branch pipe 512, the fourth branch 520, and the fifth branch 530 may include an outer wall 515 and an inner wall 516 stacked together. The outer wall 515 is made of steel pipe, and the inner wall 516 is made of wear-resistant cast iron. Steel pipe has good weldability and can be rolled into pipe bodies of any diameter, improving processing convenience. Wear-resistant cast iron may include eutectic carbides (Cr, Fe7C3), secondary carbides, martensite, and retained austenite. Wear-resistant cast iron has good wear and corrosion resistance, improving wear and corrosion resistance by more than 30 times compared to 16Mn seamless steel pipe. Wear-resistant cast iron also has high mechanical strength and high impact resistance. For example, a negative pressure process can be used to tightly bond the steel pipe and the wear-resistant cast iron. For example, the pipe material of the slurry inlet pipe assembly 40 can also be a composite material.

[0113] The slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50 is used to transport slurry mixed with slag and stone, which is then conveyed to the slurry treatment equipment 30 under the suction of the second pump. For example, the working pressure in the slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50 can be between 6-10 bar, with a maximum of 16 bar. The slurry flow velocity in the slurry discharge pipeline can reach 3 m / s, placing high demands on the impact resistance of the slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50. If the slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50 experiences wear or leakage, the tunnel boring machine will be unable to operate normally. Replacing the slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50 requires a long time cycle, thus affecting the tunnel construction efficiency and causing significant economic losses. The pipe bodies of the slurry discharge bend 511, the branch pipeline 512, the fourth branch 520, and the fifth branch 530 are made of composite materials, which can improve the wear resistance of the slurry discharge pipeline assembly 50, extend its service life, thereby ensuring the tunnel construction efficiency and avoiding excessive economic losses.

[0114] For example, refer to Figure 5Taking the slurry discharge bend 511 as an example, the structure of the slurry discharge pipe assembly is described below. The slurry discharge bend 511 can be a split structure; for example, it may include a detachably connected first pipe body 517 and a second pipe body 518. Both the first pipe body 517 and the second pipe body 518 may consist of stacked steel pipes and wear-resistant cast iron. The first end of the steel pipe of the first pipe body 517 is provided with a first welding flange 5171, and the second end is provided with a second welding flange 5172. The first end of the steel pipe of the second pipe body 518 is connected to the second end of the first pipe body 517. The first end of the steel pipe of the second pipe body 518 is provided with a loose flange 5181, which can be connected to the second welding flange 5172. The loose flange 5181 and the second welding flange 5172 can be connected by bolts and nuts. Gaskets may be fitted on the bolts to prevent the nuts from loosening. The second end of the second pipe body 518 may be provided with a third welding flange 5182, which is used to connect with other pipelines. This will not be described in detail in the embodiments of this application. Exemplarily, the second pipe body 518 may be a bend, and the area where the bend occurs may be provided with a reinforcing plate 5183. The reinforcing plate 5183 is connected to the outside of the steel pipe to further improve the wear resistance of the bend area.

[0115] The mud circulation system may also include at least one flushing pipeline assembly 60, which is used to flush the tunnel boring machine (TBM) to prevent problems such as mud cake formation, pipe blockage, pump blockage, and chamber blockage on the cutterhead 111. Exemplarily, the flushing pipeline assembly 60 may include a first flushing pipeline 610, a second flushing pipeline 620, and a switching module 630. The first end of the first flushing pipeline 610 is connected to the main slurry inlet pipeline 410, and the second end of the first flushing pipeline 610 is connected to the excavation chamber 110 or the air cushion chamber 120 of the shield body 10. A booster pump P3 is installed on the second flushing pipeline 620. The first end of the second flushing pipeline 620 is connected to the main slurry inlet pipeline 410, and the second end of the second flushing pipeline 620 is connected to the excavation chamber 110 or the air cushion chamber 120 of the shield body 10. The switching module 630 connects the first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620 to adjust the flushing mode of the first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620.

[0116] For example, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The switching module 630 may include a first connecting pipe 631 and a second connecting pipe 632 that are independent of each other and arranged in a cross manner. The first end of the first connecting pipe 631 is connected to a first flushing pipe 610, and the second end of the first connecting pipe 631 is connected to a second flushing pipe 620. The first end of the second connecting pipe 632 is connected to the second flushing pipe 620, and the second end of the second connecting pipe 632 is connected to the first flushing pipe 610. Each of the first flushing pipe 610, the second flushing pipe 620, the first connecting pipe 631, and the second connecting pipe 632 is equipped with a switching valve. The switching valve on the first flushing pipe 610 is located between the first connecting pipe 631 and the second connecting pipe 632, and the switching valve on the second flushing pipe 620 is also located between the first connecting pipe 631 and the second connecting pipe 632. For example, the switching valve may be a gate valve.

[0117] The following is combined Figure 5 The working process of the switching module 630 is explained below. The inlet of the first flushing pipe 610 is end a1, and the outlet is end b1. The inlet of the second flushing pipe 620 is end a2, and the outlet is end b2. The switching valves on the first flushing pipe 610, the first connecting pipe 631, the second connecting pipe 632, and the second flushing pipe 620 are, in sequence, switching valve V1, switching valve V2, switching valve V3, and switching valve V4. Six flushing modes can be switched between the first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620 by controlling switching valves V1, V2, V3, and V4.

[0118] In the first mode, when switch valves V1 and V4 are open and switch valves V2 and V3 are closed, the mud in the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 enters end a1 of the first flushing pipeline 610 and flows out from end b1, which can achieve high-flow flushing at end b1; the mud in the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 is pressurized by booster pump P3 and enters end a2 of the second flushing pipeline 620, which flows out from end b2, and can achieve pressurized flushing at end b2.

[0119] In the second mode, when switch valves V1 and V4 are closed and switch valves V2 and V3 are open, the slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 enters end a1 of the first flushing pipeline 610, enters the first connecting pipeline 631, and flows out from end b2 of the second flushing pipeline 620, achieving high-flow flushing at end b2; the slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 is pressurized by booster pump P3, enters end a2 of the second flushing pipeline 620, enters the second connecting pipeline 632, and flows out from end b1 of the first flushing pipeline 610, achieving pressurized flushing at end b1.

[0120] In the third mode, when switch valves V1, V2, and V4 are open and switch valve V3 is closed, the slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 enters end a1 of the first flushing pipeline 610 and flows out from end b1, achieving high-flow flushing at end b1. The slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 enters end a1 of the first flushing pipeline 610 and flows into end b2 of the second flushing pipeline 620 via the first connecting pipeline 631. At the same time, the slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 is pressurized by booster pump P3 and enters end a2 of the second flushing pipeline 620, flowing out from end b2, achieving high-flow pressurized flushing at end b2.

[0121] In the fourth mode, when switch valves V1, V3, and V4 are open and switch valve V2 is closed, the slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 enters end a1 of the first flushing pipeline 610 and flows out from end b1 of the first flushing pipeline 610. At the same time, the slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 is pressurized by booster pump P3 and enters end a2 of the second flushing pipeline 620. It then flows out from end b1 of the first flushing pipeline 610 via the second connecting pipeline 632, thus achieving high-flow-rate pressurized flushing at end b1. The slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 is pressurized by booster pump P3 and enters end a2 of the second flushing pipeline 620, then flows out from end b2 of the second flushing pipeline 620, thus achieving pressurized flushing at end b2.

[0122] In the fifth mode, when switch valves V1 and V2 are open and switch valves V3 and V4 are closed, the slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 enters end a1 of the first flushing pipeline 610 and flows out from end b1 of the first flushing pipeline 610, achieving a small flow flush at end b1; the slurry from the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 enters end a1 of the first flushing pipeline 610 and flows out from end b2 of the second flushing pipeline 620 via the first connecting pipeline 631, achieving a small flow flush at end b2.

[0123] In the sixth mode, when switch valves V1 and V2 are closed and switch valves V3 and V4 are open, the slurry in the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 is pressurized by booster pump P3 and enters end a2 of the second flushing pipeline 620. It then flows out from end b1 of the first flushing pipeline 610 through the second connecting pipeline 632, achieving low-pressure flushing at end b1.

[0124] For large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnel projects, during the tunnel excavation process, the flushing mode of the first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620 can be adjusted by switching module 630 for different excavation conditions. This improves the control accuracy of the flushing pipe assembly 60, thereby enabling the mud circulation system of this embodiment to have strong flushing performance under different geological conditions, avoiding problems such as mud cake formation on the cutterhead 111, pipe blockage, pump blockage, and chamber blockage. As a result, it is suitable for large-diameter or ultra-large-diameter tunnel projects, thus improving the applicability of the slurry balance shield machine.

[0125] In addition, if the first flushing pipe 610, the second flushing pipe 620, the first connecting pipe 631 and the second connecting pipe 632 become blocked or leak slurry, the flushing mode of the flushing pipe assembly 60 can be switched by switching module 630, so that the mud in the slurry inlet main pipe 410 can still enter the excavation chamber 110 or the air cushion chamber 120, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the flushing pipe assembly 60.

[0126] Furthermore, when the booster pump P3 needs maintenance, the switching valves V1 and V2 can be opened, and the switching valves V3 and V4 can be closed. The slurry in the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 enters the a1 end of the first flushing pipeline 610 and flows out from the b1 end of the first flushing pipeline 610. At the same time, the slurry in the main slurry inlet pipeline 410 can enter the a1 end of the first flushing pipeline 610 and flow out from the b2 end of the second flushing pipeline 620 through the first connecting pipeline 631, thereby enabling the second flushing pipeline to work normally and ensuring the normal operation of the flushing pipeline assembly 60.

[0127] The switching module 630 in this embodiment adopts a modular structure, and the switching module 630 itself is a whole, which can save installation space. Moreover, it can also reduce the difficulty of connecting with the first flushing pipeline 610 and the second flushing pipeline 620. For example, the switching valves V1, V2, V3 and V4 can all be remotely controlled valves, and the interlocking of the valve components can be set by a PLC or other program.

[0128] The ends of the first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620 furthest from the slurry inlet pipe assembly 40 can both be connected to a first flushing nozzle 640. The first flushing nozzle 640 can adjust the flushing pressure and flushing range of the slurry. The first flushing nozzle 640 can be detachably connected to the end of the first flushing pipe 610 or the second flushing pipe 620 furthest from the slurry inlet pipe assembly 40 to facilitate replacement of the first flushing nozzle 640. For example, refer to... Figure 8 and Figure 9The first flushing nozzle 640 may include a first slurry inlet sub-pipe 641 and at least one first slurry outlet sub-pipe 642 connected in communication. The first slurry inlet sub-pipe 641 has a first slurry inlet 643. The first slurry outlet sub-pipe 642 has a first slurry outlet 644, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the first slurry inlet 643, to pressurize the slurry and thereby improve the flushing capacity. For example, there may be one first slurry outlet sub-pipe 642, and the diameter of the first slurry outlet 644 may be 100 mm. The diameter of the first slurry inlet 643 of the first slurry inlet sub-pipe 641 may be 200 mm, enabling pressurization of the slurry. (Reference) Figure 8 There can be two first slurry outlet pipes 642. The diameter of the first slurry outlet 644 of the first slurry outlet pipe 642 can be 80mm. The diameter of the first slurry inlet 643 of the first slurry inlet pipe 641 can be 200mm. This configuration can pressurize the slurry and increase the flushing range, thereby enhancing the flushing effect. (Reference) Figure 9 The number of first slurry outlet pipes can also be three. The diameter of the first slurry outlet 644 of two of the first slurry outlet sub-pipes 642 can be 50mm, and the diameter of the first slurry outlet 644 of the other first slurry outlet sub-pipe 642 can be 80mm. The diameter of the first slurry inlet 643 of the first slurry inlet sub-pipe 641 can be 200mm. This configuration allows for pressurization of the slurry and further increases the flushing range, enhancing the flushing effect. For example, the materials of the first slurry inlet sub-pipe 641 and the first slurry outlet pipe 642 can be composite materials, which will not be elaborated further in this embodiment.

[0129] In other implementations of the embodiments of this application, reference is made to Figure 10 The first flushing nozzle 640 may also include a second inlet pipe 651, a hose 653, and a second outlet pipe 652 connected in sequence, as well as two motors 656. The end of the second inlet pipe 651 away from the hose 653 is connected to one end of the first flushing pipe 610 or the second flushing pipe 620, and the second inlet pipe 651 has a second inlet port 654. The second outlet pipe 652 has a second outlet port 655, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the second inlet port 654. The two motors 656 are respectively mounted on both sides of the second inlet pipe 651. For example, the outer side of the second outlet pipe 652 is provided with a motor base 657, and the two motors 656 can be fixed to the motor base 657. The output shafts of both motors 656 are wound with steel wire ropes 658, and the ends of the two steel wire ropes 658 are respectively connected to both sides of the second outlet pipe 652. For example, the materials of the second inlet pipe 651 and the second outlet pipe 652 can be composite materials, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0130] When the two motors 656 are operating, the output shaft of one motor 656 rotates to tighten the wire rope 658 connected to its shaft, applying tension to the second discharge sub-pipe 652; the output shaft of the other motor 656 rotates in the opposite direction to loosen the wire rope 658 connected to its shaft, thereby causing the second discharge sub-pipe 652 to deflect relative to the second inlet sub-pipe 651 to adjust the flushing angle. Exemplarily, during flushing, the two motors 656 can be cyclically controlled to allow the first flushing nozzle 640 to rotate and flush. Exemplarily, the deflection angle of the second discharge sub-pipe 652 relative to the second inlet sub-pipe 651 can be ±30°.

[0131] For example, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 11 At least one flushing pipe assembly 60 includes at least one of a first flushing pipe assembly 660, a second flushing pipe assembly 670, and a third flushing pipe assembly 680. The first flushing pipe 610 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660 connects to the excavation chamber 110 and is connected to the rotary joint assembly of the cutterhead 111 to flush the central area of ​​the cutterhead 111 and prevent mud cake formation. Furthermore, the connection between the first flushing pipe 610 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660 and the rotary joint assembly of the cutterhead 111 allows the first flushing pipe 610 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660 to extend and retract synchronously with the main drive of the cutterhead 111.

[0132] For example, the inner diameter of the first flushing pipe 610 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660 can be 300 mm. Upon reaching the rotary joint assembly, it can branch into twelve paths to flush the area of ​​the replaceable tool under normal pressure. The first flushing pipe 610 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660 may include a first flushing straight pipe 661, a first flushing bend 662, a pre-bent hose 653, and a mud hose 653 connected in sequence. The pre-bent hose 653 and the mud hose 653 can be located behind the rotary joint, forming an S-shaped telescopic pipe to achieve a 500 mm length adjustment. For example, a hydraulic ball valve and a flow meter may be installed on the first flushing pipe 610 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660.

[0133] The second flushing pipe 620 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660 connects to the air cushion chamber 120 and faces the grid 140 to flush the grid 140 and prevent clogging. Exemplarily, the booster pump P3 on the second flushing pipe 620 can be a slurry pump with a power of 400kW, and the pipe diameter connecting the second flushing pipe 620 to the slurry pump can be 300mm. The inner diameter of the second flushing pipe 620 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660 can be 150mm. Exemplarily, the second flushing pipe 620 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660 may include a connected second flushing straight pipe and a second flushing bend 663, which can be connected via a shock absorber. The second flushing bend 663 connects to the air cushion chamber 120. A first flushing nozzle 640 may be provided at one end of the second flushing bend 663, and the first flushing nozzle 640 and the second flushing bend 663 may be an integral structure. A pneumatic ball valve may be provided on the second flushing pipe 620 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660. Exemplarily, the flushing mode of the second flushing pipe 620 of the first flushing pipe assembly 660 can be switched by controlling the switching module 630. The process of switching the flushing mode can be referred to the above description of the working process of the switching module 630, and will not be repeated here.

[0134] The first flushing pipe 610 of the second flushing pipe assembly 670 is connected to the air cushion chamber 120 and faces the mud gate to flush the mud gate and prevent it from becoming clogged. Exemplarily, the first flushing pipe 610 of the second flushing pipe assembly 670 may include a third flushing bend 671 connected to the air cushion chamber 120.

[0135] The second flushing pipe 620 of the second flushing pipe assembly 670 is connected to the air cushion chamber 120 and faces the crusher 130 to flush the crusher 130. This allows for thorough mixing of the slurry and slag, improving the slag's fluidity and facilitating the discharge of slag and slurry. Furthermore, the flushing action of the water flow impacts and agitates the sand, gravel, and mud cake at the bottom of the air cushion chamber 120, aiding in the crushing of large pieces of slag by the crusher 130. For example, the end of the second flushing pipe 620 of the second flushing pipe assembly 670 facing the crusher 130 branches into two branches to flush both sides of the crusher 130, thereby enhancing the flushing effect. The booster pump P3 on the second flushing pipe 620 of the second flushing pipe assembly 670 can be a slurry pump with a power of 250kW. For example, the inner diameter of the second flushing pipe 620 of the second flushing pipe assembly 670 can be 200mm. The second flushing conduit 620 of the second flushing conduit assembly 670 may include a fourth flushing straight pipe and a fourth flushing bend 672 connected together, which can be connected via a shock absorber. The fourth flushing bend 672 is connected to the air cushion chamber 120. One end of the fourth flushing bend 672 may be connected to a first flushing nozzle 640. A pneumatic ball valve may be provided on the second flushing conduit 620 of the second flushing conduit assembly 670. Exemplarily, the flushing mode of the second flushing conduit 620 of the second flushing conduit assembly 670 can be switched by controlling the switching module 630. The process of switching the flushing mode is described above with reference to the working process of the switching module 630, and will not be repeated here.

[0136] The first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620 of the third flushing pipe assembly 680 are both connected to the excavation chamber 110 and face the bottom of the excavation chamber 110 to flush the bottom of the excavation chamber 110 and prevent slag and rock from accumulating and clogging the excavation chamber 110 and the air cushion chamber 120. For example, the inner diameter of the first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620 of the third flushing pipe assembly 680 can be 200 mm. The booster pump P3 on the second flushing pipe 620 of the third flushing pipe assembly 680 can be a slurry pump with a power of 250 kW. For example, refer to... Figure 1 A fifth gate valve may be provided at the end of the first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620 of the third flushing pipe assembly 680. When the portions of the first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620 of the third flushing pipe assembly 680 located inside the excavation chamber 110 are worn, the fifth gate valve can be closed, thereby closing the first flushing pipe 610 and the second flushing pipe 620 of the third flushing pipe assembly 680 to prevent mud in the excavation chamber 110 from entering the air cushion chamber 120 through the flushing port.

[0137] For example, the first flushing pipe 610 of the third flushing pipe and / or the first flushing pipe 610 of the third flushing pipe may include a fifth flushing bend 681, which passes through the second partition 160 and is connected to the first partition 150 to communicate with the excavation chamber 110.

[0138] It is understood that the flushing pipeline assembly 60 can also be set in other areas of the shield body 10 to flush other areas of the shield body 10, and this application embodiment will not elaborate on this.

[0139] The first pump body P1, the second pump body P2, and the booster pump P3 can all be located within the pump set. The pump set may include interface pipeline components, pressure detection devices for inlet and outlet pipelines, pump head cleaning water circuit devices, flow detection equipment for pump outlet pipelines, mud density detection equipment, and gate valves at the pump inlet and outlet, etc. Each pump set can be installed on the trolley frame of the supporting equipment in the slurry balance shield machine, and the supporting equipment is connected to the H-frame 170 through the assembly machine 180.

[0140] The slurry circulation system may also include a pipe support assembly 70 for supporting the various pipes in the slurry circulation system. For example, refer to... Figure 12 The pipeline support assembly 70 may include a first support unit. The first support unit may include a first mounting base 710. The slurry balance shield machine may include an assembly machine 180 connecting the shield body 10 and the trailer 20, the assembly machine 180 having a support beam 181. The first mounting base 710 may be connected to the support beam 181 of the assembly machine 180. The first mounting base 710 may be provided with a first through hole 711 for fixing the pipeline. Exemplarily, a backwash slurry inlet pipeline 540 or a backwash slurry outlet pipeline 550 may pass through the first through hole 711.

[0141] The pipeline support assembly 70 may further include a second support unit. The second support unit may include a truss 720 and a connecting seat 721. The truss 720 is connected to the support beam 181 of the assembly machine 180 via a second mounting seat 724. Exemplarily, the second mounting seat 724 may be made of rectangular steel tubing and can be welded to the support beam 181 on-site during pipeline installation. A connecting plate 722 may be provided at the end of the truss 720. The assembly machine 180 also has a lifting mechanism. The connecting plate 722 can be connected to the base of the lifting mechanism to secure the truss 720.

[0142] The second support unit may further include a second fixing clamp 723, which is connected to the truss 720 for fixing the pipeline. Exemplarily, a second mounting base 724 may also be provided between the second fixing clamp 723 and the truss 720, and the second fixing clamp 723 is connected to the truss 720 via the second mounting base 724. The second mounting base 724 can be used to adjust the height of the second fixing clamp 723. Exemplarily, the slurry discharge main pipeline 510, the slurry inlet main pipeline 410, and the second flushing pipeline 620, etc., can be connected to the truss 720 via the second fixing clamp 723, and the truss 720 can provide tension to the slurry discharge main pipeline 510, the slurry inlet main pipeline 410, and the second flushing pipeline 620, etc.

[0143] For example, the mud-water circulation system may also include balancing pipelines and pressure-maintaining pipelines, which will not be described in detail in the embodiments of this application.

[0144] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A mud circulation system, characterized in that, include: Mud treatment equipment; A slurry inlet pipeline assembly, which connects the slurry treatment equipment and the shield body, is used to transport slurry from the slurry treatment equipment to the shield body; At least one flushing pipeline assembly, the flushing pipeline assembly including a first flushing pipeline, a second flushing pipeline, and a switching module, wherein the first flushing pipeline connects the slurry inlet pipeline assembly and the shield body; the second flushing pipeline is parallel to the first flushing pipeline and connects the slurry inlet pipeline assembly and the shield body, and a booster pump is provided on the second flushing pipeline; the switching module is connected to the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline and is used to adjust the flushing mode of the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline; The switching module includes a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe that are independent of each other and arranged in a cross manner. The first end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the first flushing pipe, and the second end of the first connecting pipe is connected to the second flushing pipe. The first end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the second flushing pipe, and the second end of the second connecting pipe is connected to the first flushing pipe. Each of the first flushing pipe, the second flushing pipe, the first connecting pipe, and the second connecting pipe is equipped with a switching valve. The switching valve on the first flushing pipe is located between the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe, and the switching valve on the second flushing pipe is located between the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe. At least one of the flushing pipeline assembly includes at least one of a first flushing pipeline assembly, a second flushing pipeline assembly, and a third flushing pipeline assembly; The first flushing pipe of the first flushing pipe assembly is connected to the excavation chamber and is connected to the rotary joint assembly of the cutterhead; the second flushing pipe of the first flushing pipe assembly is connected to the air cushion chamber and faces the grid. The first flushing pipe of the second flushing pipe assembly is connected to the air cushion chamber and faces the mud gate; the second flushing pipe of the second flushing pipe assembly is connected to the air cushion chamber and faces the crusher. The first and second flushing pipes of the third flushing pipe assembly are both connected to the excavation chamber and face the bottom of the excavation chamber.

2. The mud circulation system of claim 1, wherein, The first flushing pipe and the second flushing pipe are connected to a first flushing nozzle at the end away from the slurry inlet pipe assembly.

3. The mud circulation system of claim 2, wherein, The first flushing nozzle includes a first slurry inlet sub-pipe and at least one first slurry outlet sub-pipe connected in series. The first slurry inlet sub-pipe has a first slurry inlet, which is connected to the first flushing pipe or the second flushing pipe. The first slurry outlet sub-pipe has a first slurry outlet, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the first slurry inlet.

4. The mud circulation system of claim 2, wherein, The first flushing nozzle includes a second slurry inlet pipe, a hose, and a second slurry outlet pipe connected in sequence, as well as two motors; the end of the second slurry inlet pipe away from the hose has a second slurry inlet, which is connected to the first flushing pipe or one end of the second flushing pipe. The second slurry outlet pipe has a second slurry outlet at the end away from the hose, and the diameter of the second slurry outlet is smaller than the diameter of the second slurry inlet. The two motors are respectively installed on both sides of the second slurry inlet pipe, and the output shafts of the two motors are wound with steel wire ropes. The ends of the two steel wire ropes are respectively connected to both sides of the second slurry outlet pipe.

5. The mud circulation system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The slurry inlet pipeline assembly includes a main slurry inlet pipeline and a first branch pipeline. The main slurry inlet pipeline is connected to the first flushing pipeline and the second flushing pipeline. The first end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the main slurry inlet pipeline, and the second end of the first branch pipeline is connected to the top of the air cushion chamber for inputting slurry into the air cushion chamber. The first branch pipeline has a first valve assembly. The first branch pipeline is also connected to a bypass pipeline. The two ends of the bypass pipeline are spanned across the two ends of the first valve assembly and are connected to the first branch pipeline. The bypass pipeline is equipped with a second valve assembly. The inner diameter of the bypass pipeline is smaller than the inner diameter of the main slurry inlet pipeline.

6. The mud circulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slurry inlet pipeline assembly also includes a second branch, the first end of which is connected to the main slurry inlet pipeline, the second end of which is connected to the excavation chamber, and the end of the second branch away from the main slurry inlet pipeline is connected to a second flushing nozzle, which faces the cutterhead.

7. The mud circulation system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mud circulation system also includes a connecting pipe, which is vertically installed inside the air cushion chamber. One end of the connecting pipe is located at the bottom of the air cushion chamber, and the other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the top of the excavation chamber. The slurry inlet pipeline assembly also includes a third branch, the first end of which is connected to the main slurry inlet pipeline, the second end of which is connected to the connecting pipeline, and a fourth valve assembly is provided on the third branch.

8. The mud circulation system according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The mud circulation system also includes a mud discharge pipeline assembly, which connects the mud treatment equipment and the shield body, and is used to transport mud from the shield body to the mud treatment equipment.

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