Tunneling device

Abstract

The application provides a tunneling device construction method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, to solve the problem that the existing TBM tunneling machine cannot realize synchronous pushing and assembling and has relatively low construction efficiency in the process of tunneling. The tunneling device comprises a shield assembly, a pushing assembly, a supporting assembly and an assembling assembly. The tunneling device starts the TBM construction mode. When the whole ring of segments is assembled, the second pushing piece pushes the tunneling device to move in the tunneling direction. When the tunneling device moves for one step distance, the second pushing piece is retracted, and the assembling assembly assembles the segments. The opposite ends of the supporting assembly are supported on the inner wall of the tunnel. Then, the first pushing piece pushes the tunneling device to move in the tunneling direction. In the process of tunneling, two sets of pushing devices are configured, the tunneling and segment assembling can be simultaneously performed, the machine does not need to be stopped, the construction efficiency is improved to the maximum extent, and the construction cost caused by stopping is saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and particularly relates to a tunnel boring device. BACKGROUND

[0002] A shield tunneling machine, also known as a shield tunnel boring machine, is a special engineering machine for tunneling, which has the functions of excavating and cutting soil, conveying soil residue, assembling tunnel lining, measuring and guiding, and correcting deviation. Tunnel construction using a shield tunneling machine has the characteristics of high automation, labor saving, and fast construction speed. In the case of long tunnel line and large burial depth, the use of a shield tunneling machine is more economical and reasonable.

[0003] Open TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) and slurry balance shield machine are two common tunnel boring devices. The TBM discharges residue by a belt conveyor, has high construction efficiency, and can cope with long-distance hard rock conditions, but has difficulty in tunneling in water-rich, sand-containing and other geological conditions. The main part of the slurry balance shield machine is isolated from the stratum, which can well block water and soil pressure, and discharge residue by pumping, and can better adapt to water-rich and high water pressure strata, but has low construction efficiency and high cost for continuous long-distance tunneling. In related technologies, only one of the TBM or the slurry balance shield machine is usually selected for construction.

[0004] However, the TBM cannot realize synchronous pushing and assembling during tunneling, and the construction efficiency is relatively low. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiment of the present application provides a construction method of a tunnel boring device. In the TBM construction mode, two sets of pushing devices are configured, so that tunneling and assembling of segments can be simultaneously performed, and the construction efficiency is improved to the greatest extent, the construction cost caused by shutdown is saved, and the problems of the related art, such as the inability to realize synchronous pushing and assembling in the TBM construction mode and the relatively low efficiency, are avoided.

[0006] To achieve the above object, embodiments of the present application provide a construction method of a tunneling device, applied in a tunnel, the tunneling device comprising a shield assembly, a propulsion assembly, a support assembly and an assembling assembly, the shield assembly having a mounting cavity, the propulsion assembly, the support assembly and the assembling assembly being located in the mounting cavity, the support assembly being connected with the shield assembly; the tunneling device having a tunneling end, the shield assembly being connected with the tunneling end, the assembling assembly being located on a side close to the propulsion assembly and being used for assembling segments in the tunnel; the propulsion assembly comprising a first propulsion member and a second propulsion member arranged along a length direction of the tunneling device, the first propulsion member being located on a side close to the tunneling end, the second propulsion member being located on a side of the first propulsion member away from the tunneling end; the construction method being as follows: when the tunneling device is in an excavation state and a tunnel stratum is detected to be in a first type stratum, the tunneling device starts a TBM construction mode, the assembling assembly assembles segments, after a complete ring of segments is assembled, the second propulsion member is started, the second propulsion member is extended and abuts on an end surface of the complete ring of segments, the second propulsion member sequentially provides a reaction force for forward tunneling and pushes the tunneling device to move along a tunneling direction, when the tunneling device moves a step distance, the second propulsion member is retracted to a starting position, the assembling assembly continues to assemble the segments to be assembled; the support assembly is started, the support assembly is extended along a direction perpendicular to the tunneling direction, after opposite ends of the support assembly are supported on tunnel walls of a tunnel that has been excavated, the first propulsion member is started, an end of the first propulsion member close to the support assembly abuts on the support assembly, an end of the first propulsion member close to the tunneling end moves along the tunneling direction and pushes the tunneling device to continue to move along the tunneling direction, when the assembling assembly assembles all the segments, the support assembly is retracted to the starting position.

[0007] When the tunneling device is in the excavation state and the tunnel stratum is detected to be in a second type stratum, the tunneling device starts a slurry shield construction mode, the first propulsion member is closed and only the second propulsion member is started; the first type stratum has a greater hardness than the second type stratum.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the construction method further comprises an excavation assembly arranged at the tunneling end of the tunneling device, the excavation assembly being used for excavating the tunnel stratum.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the tunneling device further comprises a residue discharging assembly, which is located at one side close to the tunneling end in front of the tunneling device and is connected with the tunneling assembly; the residue discharging assembly comprises a central residue discharging member and a ring flow residue discharging member, which are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the tunneling device; the central residue discharging member is located at a central position close to the tunneling device, and the ring flow residue discharging member is located at an edge position close to the tunneling device; when the tunneling device is in the TBM construction mode, the ring flow residue discharging member needs to be closed, and the central residue discharging member needs to be started, so that the residue discharging member is used to discharge the residue under the tunneling assembly to the outside of the tunnel; when the tunneling device is in the slurry shield construction mode, the central residue discharging member needs to be closed, and the ring flow residue discharging member needs to be started, so that the ring flow residue discharging member is used to mix the residue under the tunneling assembly with fresh slurry supplied from the outside of the tunnel, and then discharge the mixed slurry to the outside of the tunnel.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the shield assembly comprises a front shield, a telescopic shield, a bracing shield and a tail shield which are sequentially connected; the telescopic shield comprises a telescopic outer shield and a telescopic inner shield, and the telescopic outer shield is sleeved outside the telescopic inner shield; the front shield is located at one side of the shield assembly close to the tunneling end, the tail shield is located at one side of the shield assembly away from the tunneling end, and the telescopic shield and the bracing shield are located between the front shield and the tail shield; the first pushing member is arranged between the front shield and the telescopic shield, the second pushing member and the support assembly are arranged in the bracing shield, and the support assembly is slidably connected with the bracing shield; the shield assembly further comprises a telescopic limiting member and a telescopic sealing member, and the telescopic limiting member and the telescopic sealing member are arranged between the telescopic outer shield and the telescopic inner shield when the tunneling device starts the slurry shield construction mode; the telescopic limiting member and the telescopic sealing member between the telescopic outer shield and the telescopic inner shield are removed when the tunneling device starts the TBM construction mode.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the support assembly comprises a support oil cylinder member, a telescopic member and a bracing shoe member; the support oil cylinder member is arranged inside the support assembly, the bracing shoe member is arranged at the outer periphery of the support oil cylinder member and is slidably connected with the bracing shield, and the telescopic member is located between the support oil cylinder member and the bracing shoe member; one end of the telescopic member is connected with the support oil cylinder member, and the other end of the telescopic member is connected with the bracing shoe member; when the support assembly is started, the support oil cylinder member extends in a direction perpendicular to the tunneling direction, and the first pushing member is started when the opposite ends of the bracing shoe member are supported on the inner wall surface of the tunnel.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the support oil cylinder member comprises a first support oil cylinder and a second support oil cylinder arranged perpendicularly to the tunneling direction, the telescopic member comprises a first telescopic part and a second telescopic part arranged perpendicularly to the tunneling direction, and the support shoe member comprises a first support shoe part and a second support shoe part arranged perpendicularly to the tunneling direction; the first telescopic part is connected to the first support oil cylinder and the first support shoe part, and the second telescopic part is connected to the second support oil cylinder and the second support shoe part.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the excavation assembly comprises a cutter head, a slag scraping plate, an excavation bin, and a driving member; the excavation bin is arranged inside the front shield, the driving member is arranged at a middle position of the front shield, the cutter head is arranged on a side of the driving member away from the front shield, and the slag scraping plate is arranged on a side of the cutter head close to the front shield; when the tunneling device starts the TBM construction mode, the driving member is started to drive the cutter head and the slag scraping plate to rotate, the slag scraping plate is used to drive and scrape the excavated slag of the cutter head into the slag discharging assembly, and the excavation bin is used to store the excavated slag of the cutter head; a telescopic central sealing member is arranged on the driving member, and the central sealing member reciprocally telescopes along an axial direction of the driving member.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the ring flow slag discharging member comprises an inlet slurry ring flow pipe and an outlet slurry ring flow pipe; an end of the inlet slurry ring flow pipe close to the tunneling end is in communication with an upper part of the excavation bin, an end of the outlet slurry ring flow pipe close to the tunneling end is in communication with a lower part of the excavation bin, and ends of the inlet slurry ring flow pipe and the outlet slurry ring flow pipe away from the tunneling end are in communication with an external slurry treatment station; the inlet slurry ring flow pipe is used to transport fresh slurry into the excavation bin, and the outlet slurry ring flow pipe is used to discharge mixed slurry outside the tunnel.

[0015] In a possible implementation, a twist prevention assembly is further included, and the twist prevention assembly is located between the front shield and the bracing shield, is fixedly connected to the front shield at an end close to the front shield, and is slidably connected to the bracing shield at an end close to the bracing shield.

[0016] In a possible implementation, a drilling and connecting frame is further included; the drilling is connected to the assembly component, the connecting frame is connected to the bracing shield, the assembly component is connected to the bracing shield through the connecting frame, and the drilling is used to perform advanced drilling and grouting reinforcement on a tunnel stratum to be excavated.

[0017] The tunnel boring machine (TBM) device provided in this application includes a shield assembly, a propulsion assembly, a support assembly, and an assembly assembly. The propulsion assembly includes a first propulsion member and a second propulsion member. When the TBM construction mode is activated, the second propulsion member forms the first propulsion device, and the support assembly and the first propulsion member together form the second propulsion device. By configuring two propulsion devices, tunneling and segment assembly can be carried out simultaneously during the tunneling process without stopping the machine, maximizing construction efficiency and helping to save on construction costs incurred due to downtime. This avoids the problems in related technologies where only one propulsion system is configured in TBM construction mode, resulting in relatively low construction efficiency due to the inability to achieve simultaneous propulsion and assembly.

[0018] The structure of this application, as well as its other objectives and beneficial effects, will become more apparent from the description of the preferred embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel boring device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of part I in the middle;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure with the support components in an extended position, showing a cross-section along the BB direction.

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure with the cross-section along the BB direction and the supporting components in a retracted state;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the slag removal process of the tunnel boring device provided in this application embodiment in the slurry shield construction mode and where the assembly components have not assembled the segments;

[0026] Figure 7A slag discharge process schematic diagram of a tunneling device provided by the embodiment of the present application in a slurry shield construction mode and a segment assembling component assembling segments;

[0027] Figure 8 A slag discharge process schematic diagram of a tunneling device provided by the embodiment of the present application in a TBM construction mode.

[0028] Explanation of reference signs:

[0029] 100 - tunneling device;

[0030] 110 - shield component; 111 - mounting cavity; 112 - segment;

[0031] 113 - tunneling end; 114 - front shield; 115 - telescopic shield;

[0032] 1151 - telescopic outer shield; 1152 - telescopic inner shield; 116 - bracing shield;

[0033] 117 - shield tail; 118 - telescopic limiting member; 1181 - first limiting part;

[0034] 1182 - second limiting part; 1183 - telescopic bolt part; 1184 - hinged part;

[0035] 1185 - reinforcing rib plate; 1186 - end sealing member; 119 - telescopic sealing member;

[0036] 120 - pushing component; 121 - first pushing member; 122 - second pushing member;

[0037] 130 - supporting component; 131 - supporting oil cylinder member; 1311 - first supporting oil cylinder;

[0038] 1312 - second supporting oil cylinder; 132 - telescopic member; 1321 - first telescopic part;

[0039] 1322 - second telescopic part; 133 - bracing shoe member; 1331 - first bracing shoe part;

[0040] 1332 - second bracing shoe part; 140 - assembling component;

[0041] 150 - excavation component; 151 - cutterhead; 152 - slag scraping plate;

[0042] 153 - excavation bin; 154 - driving member; 155 - center sealing member;

[0043] 160 - slag discharge component; 161 - center slag discharge member; 162 - ring flow slag discharge member;

[0044] 1621 - pulp inlet circulation pipe; 1622 - pulp discharge circulation pipe; 163 - mud door;

[0045] 170 - anti-twist assembly; 171 - first anti-twist member; 172 - second anti-twist member;

[0046] 180 - drilling; 190 - connecting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] With the development of the national economy, the tunnel construction process is accelerating, and the shield method is widely used due to its economic efficiency. The shield method is a fully mechanized construction method in the subsurface excavation method, which pushes the shield machine underground, supports the surrounding rock around the shield shell and the segment to prevent collapse into the tunnel, simultaneously excavates the soil in front of the excavation face with a cutting device, transports the soil outside the hole with an earth removal machine, and uses a jack to pressurize and jacks in the rear, and assembles prefabricated concrete segments to form a mechanized construction method of tunnel structure.

[0048] Open TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) and slurry balance shield machine are two common tunnel boring devices. The open TBM is discharged by the belt conveyor, has high construction efficiency, and can cope with long-distance hard rock conditions, but it is difficult to excavate in water-rich, sandy soil and other geological conditions. The main part of the slurry balance shield machine is isolated from the stratum, which can well block water and soil pressure, and can better adapt to water-rich, high water pressure and other strata by pumping out the slag, but the construction efficiency is low, and the cost is high for continuous long-distance excavation.

[0049] In actual engineering applications, the above two tunnel boring machine construction methods can only be one of the open TBM or the slurry balance shield machine. Therefore, the ability to adapt to stratum changes is greatly limited, and the engineering adaptability is relatively limited. At the present stage, China's railway tunnels, highway tunnels, water diversion tunnels and submarine tunnels are developing rapidly, and the tunnel excavation distance is getting longer, and the stratum geology is complex. A single excavation method of the boring machine is difficult to meet the actual engineering needs.

[0050] Therefore, when constructing in a complex stratum with long distance, water-rich, sandy soil and full-face hard rock, how to improve the stratum adaptability of the boring machine and solve the problems of efficient and safe construction is a technical problem that needs to be solved by the technical personnel in the field at present.

[0051] In view of the above technical status, the person skilled in the art has made relevant researches, for example, in some implementation manners, a detachable belt conveyor and a center sealing device are arranged in the middle of the main drive, and the two tunneling modes are switched off by arranging the telescopic belt conveyor and the sealing device and detaching the cutter disc and the slag scraping plate. However, in the implementation manner, only one set of the propulsion system is configured, and the design of the bracing shield and the supporting device is not involved, so that the synchronous pushing and assembling operation in the open TBM mode cannot be realized, and the construction efficiency is relatively low.

[0052] For example, in some implementation manners, although the two control modes of the slurry type TBM and the slurry balance shield tunneling machine are provided, actually only the TBM cutter disc is configured, and the slag is pumped out by relying on one set of the circulating system, so that the efficiency is relatively low, the working mode is single, and it is difficult to meet the rapid tunneling demand of the open TBM under complex working conditions.

[0053] Based on the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a tunneling device, which comprises a shield assembly, a propulsion assembly, a supporting assembly and an assembling assembly. The propulsion assembly comprises a first propulsion member and a second propulsion member. When the tunneling device starts the TBM construction mode, the second propulsion member forms a first set of propulsion devices, and the supporting assembly and the first propulsion member jointly form a second set of propulsion devices. Therefore, by configuring two sets of propulsion devices, the tunneling and the assembling of the pipe segment can be simultaneously performed in the tunneling process, without stopping, so that the construction efficiency is improved to the maximum extent, the construction cost caused by stopping is saved, and the problems in the related art that only one set of propulsion system is configured in the TBM construction mode, the synchronous pushing and assembling cannot be realized, and the construction efficiency is relatively low are avoided.

[0054] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0055] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the tunneling device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1, Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the tunneling device provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1, Figure 1 The local enlarged schematic diagram of the I part in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2, Figure 3 The local enlarged schematic diagram of the I part in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 2, Figure 1 The sectional view of FIG. 1 along the A-A direction is shown in FIG. 3, Figure 4 The sectional view of FIG. 1 along the A-A direction is shown in FIG. 3, Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of FIG. 1 along the B-B direction and in the extended state of the supporting assembly is shown in FIG. 4, Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of FIG. 1 along the B-B direction and in the extended state of the supporting assembly is shown in FIG. 4, Figure 1A structural schematic view of the tunneling device in a retracted state along the direction of B-B, Figure 6 A slag discharging process schematic view of the tunneling device in a TBM construction mode, Figure 7 A slag discharging process schematic view of the tunneling device in a slurry shield construction mode and the assembling component not assembling the segments, Figure 8 A slag discharging process schematic view of the tunneling device in a slurry shield construction mode and the assembling component assembling the segments.

[0056] Please refer to Figures 1 to 8 The tunneling device 100 provided by the embodiment of the present application is mainly applied in a tunnel and excavates the tunnel stratum.

[0057] The tunneling device 100 includes an open TBM tunneling machine and a slurry balance shield machine. In the embodiment of the present application, the tunneling mode of the open TBM tunneling machine is mainly improved as an example.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 The tunneling device 100 includes a shield component 110, a propulsion component 120, an excavation component 150, a support component 130, a slag discharging component 160 and an assembling component 140. The shield component 110 has a mounting cavity 111. The propulsion component 120, the support component 130, the slag discharging component 160 and the assembling component 140 are located in the mounting cavity 111.

[0059] The tunneling device 100 has a tunneling end 113. The excavation component 150 is arranged at the tunneling end 113 and is used to excavate the tunnel stratum. The shield component 110 is connected with the tunneling end 113. The front part of the slag discharging component 160 is located at a side close to the tunneling end 113 and is connected with the excavation component 150. The assembling component 140 is located at a side close to the propulsion component 120 and is used to assemble the segments 112 in the tunnel during the tunneling process.

[0060] It can be understood that the tunneling end 113 is also called the excavation end of the tunneling device 100 and is located at the most front end of the tunneling device 100.

[0061] In addition, it should be noted that the segments 112 are installed in the tunnel. Only when the segments 112 need to be assembled, the assembling is completed in the tunneling device 100. That is, the assembling component 140 assembles the segments 112 into a whole ring in the tunneling device 100.

[0062] The structure of the shield component 110 is described as follows:

[0063] Please refer toFigure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in

[0064] In assembly, the front shield 114 is located at the side of the shield assembly 110 close to the tunneling end 113, the shield tail 117 is located at the side of the shield assembly 110 away from the tunneling end 113, and the telescopic shield 115 and the tensioning shield 116 are located between the front shield 114 and the shield tail 117.

[0065] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown in

[0066] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown in

[0067] In order to enhance the strength of the telescopic outer shield 1151 and the telescopic inner shield 1152 after assembly, in the embodiments of the present application, please continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown in

[0068] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 In order to improve the sealing performance between the telescopic outer shield 1151 and the telescopic inner shield 1152, in the embodiments of the present application, the telescopic outer shield 1151 and the telescopic inner shield 1152 can also be provided with telescopic sealing members 119 and end sealing members 1186.

[0069] Specifically, in assembly, the telescopic sealing members 119 are mainly sealed between the inner wall surface of the telescopic outer shield 1151 and the outer wall surface of the telescopic inner shield 1152, and the end sealing members 1186 are mainly sealed at the end faces of the rear ends of the first limiting part 1181 and the second limiting part 1182.

[0070] The structure of the excavation assembly 150 is described as follows:

[0071] As shown in Figure 1 The excavation assembly 150 includes a cutter head 151, a slag scraping plate 152, an excavation bin 153, and a driving member 154. The excavation bin 153 is provided with a slurry door 163 on the side close to the slag scraping plate 152.

[0072] In assembly, the excavation bin 153 is opened in the interior of the front shield 114, and the driving member 154 is fixed at the middle position of the front shield 114, with a central sealing member 155 fixed to the inner central area of the driving member 154. The central sealing member 155 can be retracted forward and backward along the axial direction of the driving member 154, and can effectively seal the central area of the driving member 154 when retracted backward.

[0073] The cutter head 151 is coaxially fixed to the front end of the driving member 154 by bolts, and the driving member 154 is used to drive the cutter head 151 to rotate. The back of the cutter head 151 is uniformly distributed with a plurality of slag scraping plates 152, and the slag discharge end of each slag scraping plate 152 points to the central area of the cutter head 151. The excavation bin 153 is used to store the excavated soil under the cutter head 151.

[0074] It should be noted that the number of slag scraping plates 152 is not limited.

[0075] The structure of the propulsion assembly 120 is described as follows:

[0076] As shown in Figure 1 The propulsion assembly 120 includes a first propulsion member 121 and a second propulsion member 122 arranged along the length direction of the tunnel boring device 100. The first propulsion member 121 is located on the side close to the boring end 113 and is arranged between the front shield 114 and the telescopic shield 115. The second propulsion member 122 is located on the side of the first propulsion member 121 away from the boring end 113 and is arranged in the bracing shield 116.

[0077] It should be noted that the first propulsion member 121 and the second propulsion member 122 in the embodiments of the present application are both propulsion cylinders.

[0078] It can be understood that, in order to avoid the risk of separation of the telescopic outer shield 1151 and the telescopic inner shield 1152 in the axial direction, the single extension stroke L1 of the first propulsion member 121 is required to be less than the axial sleeving length between the telescopic outer shield 1151 and the telescopic inner shield 1152. The single extension stroke L2 of the second propulsion member 122 is greater than the single extension stroke L1 of the first propulsion member 121, and the single extension stroke of the second propulsion member 122 is greater than the axial width of the single pipe segment 112.

[0079] The single extension stroke L1 of the first propulsion member 121 and the single extension stroke L2 of the second propulsion member 122 are described with reference to Figure 6 andFigure 7 As shown.

[0080] In addition, the first pushing member 121 can include several groups, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the shield assembly 110 and avoid the installation position of the anti-twist assembly 170. The second pushing member 122 can include several groups, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the support shield 116, and each group is provided with double pushing cylinders.

[0081] In order to avoid the interference between the second pushing member 122 and the support shoe 133 during assembly, the second pushing member 122 can be designed as an eccentric oil cylinder, so as to ensure that it can effectively push on the front end face of the segment under the condition of no interference with the support shoe 133.

[0082] The structure of the residue discharging assembly 160 is described as follows:

[0083] Please refer to Figures 6 to 8 As shown, the residue discharging assembly 160 includes a central residue discharging member 161 and a ring flow residue discharging member 162 arranged along the height direction of the tunneling device 100. The central residue discharging member 161 is located near the center of the tunneling device 100, and the ring flow residue discharging member 162 is located near the edge of the tunneling device 100.

[0084] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 As shown, the ring flow residue discharging member 162 includes an inlet ring flow pipe 1621 and an outlet ring flow pipe 1622. The end of the inlet ring flow pipe 1621 close to the tunneling end 113 is in communication with the upper part of the excavation bin 153, and the end of the outlet ring flow pipe 1622 close to the tunneling end 113 is in communication with the lower part of the excavation bin 153. The end of the inlet ring flow pipe 1621 away from the tunneling end 113 and the end of the outlet ring flow pipe 1622 away from the tunneling end 113 are both in communication with the external residue slurry treatment station.

[0085] The inlet ring flow pipe 1621 is used to transport fresh slurry from the outside to the excavation bin 153, and the outlet ring flow pipe 1622 is used to discharge the mixed slurry outside the tunnel.

[0086] The structure of the support assembly 130 is described as follows:

[0087] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the support assembly 130 includes a support oil cylinder member 131, a telescopic member 132 and a support shoe 133. The support oil cylinder member 131 is arranged inside the support assembly 130, and the support shoe 133 is arranged on the outer periphery of the support oil cylinder member 131 and is in sliding connection with the support shield 116.

[0088] The telescopic part 132 is located between the supporting oil cylinder part 131 and the supporting shoe part 133, one end of the telescopic part 132 is connected with the supporting oil cylinder part 131, and the other end of the telescopic part 132 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the supporting shoe part 133 by means of bolts.

[0089] It should be noted that the supporting oil cylinder part 131 is provided with a mechanical locking function, and all the oil cylinders in the embodiment of the application need to have a synchronous telescopic function.

[0090] In addition, it can be understood that the outer diameter of the supporting shoe part 133 is consistent with the outer diameter of the supporting shield 116, that is, when the supporting oil cylinder part 131 extends by a set distance, the outer wall of the supporting shoe part 133 is supported on the tunnel wall surface that has been excavated, and when the supporting oil cylinder part 131 is retracted by a set distance, the outer wall of the supporting shoe part 133 can be overlapped with the outer wall of the supporting shield 116 in the cross section.

[0091] Specifically in application, the supporting assembly 130 includes a first supporting oil cylinder 1311 and a second supporting oil cylinder 1312 arranged vertically to the tunneling direction, and the first supporting oil cylinder 1311 and the second supporting oil cylinder 1312 are in a parallel state.

[0092] The telescopic part 132 includes a first telescopic part 1321 and a second telescopic part 1322 arranged vertically to the tunneling direction, the supporting shoe part 133 includes a first supporting shoe part 1331 and a second supporting shoe part 1332 arranged vertically to the tunneling direction, and the first supporting shoe part 1331 and the second supporting shoe part 1332 are symmetrically arranged on the supporting assembly 130. The first supporting shoe part 1331 and the second supporting shoe part 1332 are respectively connected with the supporting shield 116 in a sliding manner, the first telescopic part 1321 connects the first supporting oil cylinder 1311 and the first supporting shoe part 1331, and the second telescopic part 1322 connects the second supporting oil cylinder 1312 and the second supporting shoe part 1332.

[0093] In a possible implementation, referring to FIGS. 1 to 3, Figure 1 and Figure 3 The anti-twist assembly 170 can also be included, the anti-twist assembly 170 includes a first anti-twist part 171 and a second anti-twist part 172 arranged along the height direction of the tunneling device 100, and the first anti-twist part 171 and the second anti-twist part 172 are connected in a sliding manner between the front shield 114 and the supporting shield 116.

[0094] It can be understood that, in the process of continuously tunneling and continuously rotating the cutter head 151, if the cutter head 151 is in a state of not rotating, in order to avoid the risk of the cutter head 151 driving the front shield 114 to rotate, the anti-twist assembly 170 is included in the embodiment of the application, which can avoid the risk of the cutter head 151 driving the front shield 114 to rotate, and further ensure the safety performance in the tunneling process.

[0095] In a possible implementation, referring to Figure 1 The tunneling device 100 further comprises a drilling 180 and a connecting frame 190. The drilling 180 is connected to the assembling component 140, and the connecting frame 190 is connected to the bracing shield 116. The assembling component 140 is connected to the bracing shield 116 through the connecting frame 190, and the drilling 180 is used for advanced drilling and grouting reinforcement of the tunnel stratum to be excavated.

[0096] By including the drilling 180, the geological conditions of the surface to be excavated can be detected in real time, the stratum characteristics of the excavation are fed back, and different construction modes are selected for tunnel construction according to the detected stratum characteristics. By including the connecting frame 190, the assembling component 140 can be connected to the bracing shield 116.

[0097] It should be noted that the connecting frame 190 in the embodiment of the present application can be an H-shaped frame.

[0098] The working process of the tunneling device 100 in the TBM construction mode is described as follows.

[0099] Step one: When the tunneling device 100 is in the excavation state and the tunnel stratum is detected to be in the first type of stratum, the tunneling device 100 starts the TBM construction mode.

[0100] The first type of stratum includes strata with good surrounding rock characteristics or long-distance hard rock.

[0101] It should be noted that in this step one, the circulating discharge element 162 is closed, the slurry door 163 is closed, the extension limiting element 118 between the extension outer shield 1151 and the extension inner shield 1152 is removed, so that the extension outer shield 1151 and the extension inner shield 1152 can move relative to each other, thereby ensuring that the second propulsion element 122 can drive the tunneling device 100 to move.

[0102] Step two: Check that the remaining systems are normally connected, start the driving element 154 and the assembling component 140, and the assembling component 140 assembles the segments 112. When the whole ring of segments is assembled, start the second propulsion element 122, and the oil cylinder lever of the second propulsion element 122 extends at a set speed and pushes against the end face of the whole ring of segments that have been assembled.

[0103] At this time, the second propulsion element 122 provides a forward reaction force in sequence, and as the second propulsion element 122 continuously extends, the second propulsion element 122 pushes the tunneling device 100 to move in the tunneling direction.

[0104] When the tunneling device 100 moves a step distance (i.e., the circumferential width of a single segment 112), according to the assembly requirements, the second propulsion element 122 is slowly retracted to the starting position, and at the same time, the assembling component 140 continues to assemble the segments 112 to be assembled.

[0105] Step three: At this time, in order to improve the TBM tunneling efficiency, and to ensure that the TBM can continue to tunnel while assembling the segments 112, the first support oil cylinder 1311 and the second support oil cylinder 1312 are started to extend in the direction perpendicular to the tunneling direction.

[0106] When the ends of the first support oil cylinder 1311 and the second support oil cylinder 1312 extend, and the first support shoe 1331 and the second support shoe 1332 are respectively supported on the excavated tunnel wall, the first pusher 121 is started to push the support assembly 130, and the end of the first pusher 121 close to the tunneling end 113 moves in the tunneling direction. At this time, the first pusher 121 continues to provide a reaction force for the cutter head 151 to excavate, thereby pushing the tunneling device 100 to continue to move in the tunneling direction.

[0107] In this step three, the extension schematic diagram of the first support oil cylinder 1311 and the second support oil cylinder 1312 is as shown in Figure 4 , and the retraction schematic diagram of the first support oil cylinder 1311 and the second support oil cylinder 1312 is as shown in Figure 5 .

[0108] Step four: When the assembly assembly 140 assembles all the segments 112, and the second pusher 122 is fully pushed against the end surface of the segment 112, the first support oil cylinder 1311 and the second support oil cylinder 1312 are slowly retracted, and the first support shoe 1331 and the second support shoe 1332 are ensured to return to the starting position. The second pusher 122 is again slowly extended at a set speed. At the same time, the first pusher 121 is slowly retracted at a set speed, and when the second pusher 122 extends by a set step distance, the first pusher 121 just retracts to the initial position. The assembly assembly 140 is started to continue the segment 112 assembly.

[0109] Step five: Repeat the above steps three to four until the TBM construction section construction is completed.

[0110] Step six: During the construction of the above steps two to five, the ring flow slag discharge member 162 needs to be closed, and the central slag discharge member 161 is started. The central slag discharge member 161 is used to discharge the slag stones excavated by the excavation assembly 150 to the outside of the tunnel.

[0111] In the above steps two to five, the flow process of the slag stones excavated by the excavation assembly 150 to the outside of the tunnel is as shown in the arrow a direction in Figure 6 , and as shown in the arrow b direction in Figure 7 .

[0112] It should be noted that in this step six, since the center slag discharge element 161 is arranged at the center position of the front shield 114, the slag scraping plate 152 needs to be started. In this way, the excavated slag under the cutter head 151 can be smoothly brought into and scraped into the center slag discharge element 161 under the rotating action of the slag scraping plate 152.

[0113] Therefore, compared with the related art, the tunneling device 100 of the present application forms a first set of propulsion devices when in the TBM construction mode, and the support assembly 130 and the first propulsion element 121 jointly form a second set of propulsion devices. By configuring two sets of propulsion devices, the tunneling and the assembling of the segments 112 can be simultaneously performed during the tunneling process, without the need for shutdown, thereby maximizing the construction efficiency and helping to save the construction cost due to shutdown, and avoiding the problems in the related art that only one set of propulsion system is configured in the TBM construction mode, which cannot simultaneously realize synchronous pushing and assembling, and the efficiency is relatively low.

[0114] Please continue to refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown in the figures, in order to further improve the construction efficiency of the tunneling device 100 and solve the problems of single construction mode and weak stratum adaptability in the related art, the present application also provides a working process of the tunneling device 100 in the slurry shield construction mode.

[0115] The working process of the tunneling device 100 in the slurry shield construction mode is described as follows:

[0116] Step one: when the tunneling device 100 is in the excavation state and detects that the tunnel stratum is in the second type of stratum, the tunneling device 100 starts the slurry shield construction mode.

[0117] Among them, the second type of stratum includes soft soil or high water pressure stratum.

[0118] It should be noted that in this step one, before entering the slurry shield construction mode, the first mode switching needs to be performed first, at this time, the tunneling device 100 needs to be paused in the relatively good surrounding rock characteristic interval, and the second propulsion element 122 needs to be extended by a set distance and completely pushed against the end face of the last ring segment, the first propulsion element 121 needs to be completely retracted to the initial set position, the extension and retraction limiting element 118 between the extension and retraction outer shield 1151 and the extension and retraction inner shield 1152 needs to be bolted (at this time, the extension and retraction outer shield 1151 and the extension and retraction inner shield 1152 are in a fixed state), the support assembly 130 needs to be started to retract to the set position, and the center sealing element 155, the extension and retraction sealing element 119 and other sealing elements need to be ensured to be well sealed.

[0119] Step two: stop the driving member 154 and the rotation of the cutter head 151, remove the central discharge member 161, and pull it back to a set distance, remove the back of the cutter head 151 The back of the cutter head 151 is removed, and the central sealing member 155 is started, and is retracted to a set position, and then the fixed central rotary joint is installed, and the central area of the driving member 154 is effectively sealed.

[0120] Step three: check the access of the remaining system, open the mud door 163, start the circulating discharge member 162 and the corresponding pressure maintaining auxiliary system, and complete the building pressure maintaining, and then start the driving member 154, the second pushing member 122 and the assembly component 140, etc.

[0121] Step four: the second pushing member continues to move along the tunneling direction to provide a reaction force for the cutter head 151 excavation, and as the oil cylinder lever of the second pushing member 122 continuously extends, the second pushing member pushes the tunnel boring device 100 to move along the tunneling direction. When the tunnel boring device 100 moves a step distance (i.e. the circumferential width of a single pipe piece 112).

[0122] It should be noted that in this step four, in order to ensure that when the second pushing member 122 extends to a set distance, the first pushing member 121 can be retracted to the initial set position, the ratio of the extension set distance of the first pushing member 121 to the retraction speed, and the ratio of the completion of a step distance of the tunnel boring device 100 to the extension speed of the second pushing member 122, the two ratios can be set to be the same, that is, the retraction of the first pushing member 121 and the extension set distance of the second pushing member 122 can be completed at the same time.

[0123] Step five: according to the assembly requirement, the second pushing member 122 is slowly retracted to the starting position, at the same time, the assembly component 140 continues to assemble the pipe piece 112 to be assembled, until the whole ring pipe piece 112 lining is completed, and it is ensured that the second pushing member 122 is completely acted on the assembled pipe ring.

[0124] Step six: repeat the above steps four to five until the slurry shield construction section construction is completed.

[0125] Step seven: during the construction of the above steps three to six, the central discharge member 161 needs to be closed, and the circulating discharge member 162 is started. The circulating discharge member 162 is used to mix the excavated soil under the excavation assembly 150 with the fresh slurry supplied outside the tunnel, and the mixed mixed slurry is discharged to the outside of the tunnel.

[0126] In step seven, please refer to Figure 8 , the flow process of the fresh slurry into the circulating discharge member 162 is shown as Figure 8 , and the flow process of the mixed mixed slurry discharged to the outside of the tunnel is shown asFigure 8 The direction of C2 is indicated.

[0127] When the open TBM construction is detected again, the second mode switching is performed subsequently, the steps are opposite to the first mode switching, and the steps 1-6 in the TBM construction mode are repeated until the whole section construction is completed.

[0128] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0129] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "include" and "have" and any variations thereof used herein are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, for example, a process, method, system, product or device including a series of steps or units need not be limited to those clearly listed steps or units, but can include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0130] Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "mount", "connect", "connect", "fix", and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrated; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; it can be the connection between the two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated.

[0131] Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A construction method of a tunneling apparatus applied in a tunnel, characterized by, The tunneling device comprises a shield assembly, a propulsion assembly, a support assembly and an assembling assembly, the shield assembly has a mounting cavity, the propulsion assembly, the support assembly and the assembling assembly are located in the mounting cavity, and the support assembly is connected with the shield assembly; The tunneling device has a tunneling end, the shield assembly is connected with the tunneling end, and the assembling assembly is located on the side close to the propulsion assembly and is used for assembling segments in the tunnel; The propulsion assembly comprises a first propulsion member and a second propulsion member arranged along the length direction of the tunneling device, the first propulsion member is located on the side close to the tunneling end, and the second propulsion member is located on the side away from the tunneling end of the first propulsion member; The construction method is as follows: when the tunneling device is in the excavation state and the tunnel stratum is detected to be in a first type stratum, the tunneling device starts a TBM construction mode, the assembling assembly assembles segments, after the whole ring segments are assembled, the second propulsion member is started, the second propulsion member is extended and abuts against the end surface of the whole ring segments which have been assembled, the second propulsion member sequentially provides a support reaction force for forward tunneling and pushes the tunneling device to move along the tunneling direction, after the tunneling device moves a step distance, the second propulsion member is retracted to the starting position, and the assembling assembly continues to assemble the segments to be assembled; The support assembly is started, the support assembly is extended along the direction perpendicular to the tunneling direction, after the opposite ends of the support assembly are supported on the tunnel wall surface of the excavated tunnel, the first propulsion member is started, the end of the first propulsion member close to the support assembly abuts against the support assembly, the end of the first propulsion member close to the tunneling end moves along the tunneling direction and pushes the tunneling device to continue to move along the tunneling direction, and when the assembling assembly assembles all the segments, the support assembly is retracted to the starting position; When the tunneling device is in the excavation state and the tunnel stratum is detected to be in a second type stratum, the tunneling device starts a slurry shield construction mode, the first propulsion member is closed, and only the second propulsion member is started. The hardness of the first type stratum is greater than that of the second type stratum.

2. The tunneling apparatus construction method according to claim 1, characterized by, The tunneling device further comprises an excavation assembly arranged at the tunneling end of the tunneling device, and the excavation assembly is used for excavating the tunnel stratum.

3. The tunneling apparatus construction method according to claim 2, wherein The tunneling device further comprises a residue discharging assembly, the front part of the residue discharging assembly is located on the side close to the tunneling end and is connected with the excavation assembly; The residue discharging assembly comprises a central residue discharging member and a ring flow residue discharging member which are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the tunneling device, the central residue discharging member is located close to the central position of the tunneling device, and the ring flow residue discharging member is located close to the edge position of the tunneling device; When the tunneling device is in the TBM construction mode, the ring flow residue discharging member needs to be closed, and the central residue discharging member needs to be started, and the central residue discharging member is used for discharging the residue excavated by the excavation assembly to the outside of the tunnel. When the tunneling device is in the slurry shield tunneling mode, the central discharge member is closed and the ring flow discharge member is started, which is used to mix the excavated spoil with fresh slurry supplied from outside the tunnel and discharge the mixed slurry outside the tunnel.

4. The tunneling apparatus construction method according to claim 3, wherein The shield assembly comprises a front shield, an expansion shield, a bracing shield and a tail shield connected in sequence, the expansion shield comprises an expansion outer shield and an expansion inner shield, the expansion outer shield is sleeved outside the expansion inner shield; The front shield is located at one side of the shield assembly close to the tunneling end, the tail shield is located at one side of the shield assembly away from the tunneling end, the expansion shield and the bracing shield are located between the front shield and the tail shield; The first propelling member is arranged between the front shield and the expansion shield, the second propelling member and the support assembly are arranged in the bracing shield, and the support assembly is connected with the bracing shield; The shield assembly further comprises an expansion limiting member and an expansion sealing member, when the tunneling device starts the slurry shield tunneling mode, the expansion limiting member and the expansion sealing member are installed between the expansion outer shield and the expansion inner shield, and when the tunneling device starts the TBM tunneling mode, the expansion limiting member and the expansion sealing member between the expansion outer shield and the expansion inner shield are removed.

5. The tunneling apparatus construction method according to claim 4, wherein The support assembly comprises a support oil cylinder member, an expansion member and a bracing shoe member; The support oil cylinder member is arranged inside the support assembly, the bracing shoe member is arranged at the outer periphery of the support oil cylinder member and connected with the bracing shield, the expansion member is located between the support oil cylinder member and the bracing shoe member, one end of the expansion member is connected with the support oil cylinder member, and the other end of the expansion member is connected with the bracing shoe member; When the support assembly is started, the support oil cylinder member extends in a direction perpendicular to the tunneling direction, and when the opposite ends of the bracing shoe member are supported on the tunnel wall surface of the excavated tunnel, the first propelling member is started.

6. The tunneling apparatus construction method according to claim 5, wherein The support oil cylinder member comprises a first support oil cylinder and a second support oil cylinder arranged in a direction perpendicular to the tunneling direction, the expansion member comprises a first expansion part and a second expansion part arranged in a direction perpendicular to the tunneling direction, and the bracing shoe member comprises a first bracing shoe part and a second bracing shoe part arranged in a direction perpendicular to the tunneling direction; The first bracing shoe part and the second bracing shoe part are connected with the bracing shield respectively, the first expansion part connects the first support oil cylinder and the first bracing shoe part, and the second expansion part connects the second support oil cylinder and the second bracing shoe part.

7. A method of construction of a tunnel boring apparatus according to any one of claims 4-6, characterised in that, The excavation assembly comprises a cutter head, a scraper, an excavation bin and a driving member; The excavation bin is arranged inside the front shield, the driving member is arranged at the middle position of the front shield, the cutter head is arranged at one side of the driving member away from the front shield, and the scraper is arranged at one side of the cutter head close to the front shield; When the tunneling device starts the TBM construction mode, the driving member is started to drive the cutter head and the slag scraping plate to rotate, the slag scraping plate is used to drive and scrape the slag excavated by the cutter head into the slag discharge assembly, and the excavation bin is used to store the slag excavated by the cutter head. A telescopic center sealing member is arranged on the driving member, and the center sealing member reciprocates along the axis direction of the driving member.

8. The tunneling apparatus construction method according to claim 7, wherein, The circulating slag discharge member includes a slurry inlet circulating pipe and a slurry discharge circulating pipe. The end of the slurry inlet circulating pipe close to the tunneling end is communicated with the upper part of the excavation bin, the end of the slurry discharge circulating pipe close to the tunneling end is communicated with the lower part of the excavation bin, and the end of the slurry inlet circulating pipe away from the tunneling end and the end of the slurry discharge circulating pipe away from the tunneling end are both communicated with an external slurry treatment station. The slurry inlet circulating pipe is used to transport fresh slurry into the excavation bin, and the slurry discharge circulating pipe is used to discharge mixed slurry outside the tunnel.

9. A method of construction of a tunnel boring apparatus according to any one of claims 4-6, characterised in that, A twist prevention assembly is further included, which is located between the front shield and the tensioning shield, the end of the twist prevention assembly close to the front shield is fixedly connected with the front shield, and the end of the twist prevention assembly close to the tensioning shield is slidably connected with the tensioning shield.

10. A method of construction of a tunnel boring apparatus according to any one of claims 4-6, characterised in that, A drilling and connecting frame is further included. The drilling is connected to the assembly component, the connecting frame is connected to the tensioning shield, the assembly component is connected to the tensioning shield through the connecting frame, and the drilling is used to perform advanced drilling and grouting reinforcement on the tunnel stratum to be excavated.

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