Tunnel waterproof drainage structure
By introducing inclined connecting channels and removable filter plates into the tunnel drainage system, the problem of filter clogging was solved, achieving efficient solid-liquid separation and drainage.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
In existing tunnel drainage systems, the filtration devices are prone to clogging, resulting in low drainage efficiency and inconvenient cleaning.
A waterproof drainage structure for tunnels was designed, including an inclined connecting channel and a removable filter plate. Solid impurities slide into the solid channel through the inclined connecting channel, while liquid enters the drainage channel through the filter plate, thus avoiding blockage.
It enables automatic separation of solid impurities and rapid discharge of liquids, significantly improving drainage efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224120290U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, specifically to a tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure. Background Technology
[0002] During tunnel construction, drainage channels are typically excavated on both sides of the tunnel surface, extending along the tunnel's direction. Drainage pipes are constructed beneath these channels to drain water from the tunnel walls and road surface. Simultaneously, filter grates and screens are installed on the surface of the drainage pipes and at the channel openings to prevent solid debris such as sand, cigarette butts, or bottle caps from entering the drainage channels and pipes, thus ensuring strong waterproofing and drainage capabilities for the tunnel. However, this structure still has some issues that require improvement during implementation:
[0003] While the filter device at the drain outlet blocks solids, if the solids are not cleaned in time, they may accumulate at the filter device at the drain outlet, resulting in reduced drainage efficiency. If the filter aperture of the filter device at the drain outlet is set to be too large, some solids may enter the drain outlet and accumulate there, making cleaning more inconvenient and potentially clogging the drain pipe, resulting in low drainage efficiency or no drainage at all.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a waterproof drainage structure for tunnels that can maintain normal drainage efficiency while reducing the chance of solids clogging the filter device. Utility Model Content
[0005] This utility model was developed to solve the aforementioned technical problems. Its purpose is to provide a tunnel waterproof drainage structure that solves the problem of low drainage and waterproofing efficiency caused by clogging of the filter device.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure, comprising: drainage channels disposed on both sides of the tunnel surface, a liquid inlet disposed on the upper side of the drainage channels, solid tanks disposed on both sides of the liquid inlet, a connecting channel disposed between the solid tanks and the drainage channels, and a filter plate disposed on the lower side of the connecting channel; wherein,
[0007] The liquid inlet ports are spaced apart along the tunnel direction;
[0008] The connecting channel is inclined, and the end of the connecting channel that connects to the solid tank is lower than the end of the connecting channel that connects to the liquid inlet.
[0009] The filter plate is arranged along the side wall of the drainage trough toward the tunnel surface, and the filter plate is located below the liquid inlet.
[0010] The upper surface of the filter plate is arranged parallel to the bottom wall of the connecting groove, and the filter plate is used to intercept solid impurities in the water flow.
[0011] Preferably, the inclination angle of the connecting groove is 30° to 45°, and the inclination angle of the filter plate is consistent with the inclination angle of the connecting groove.
[0012] Preferably, a plug groove is provided on the side wall of the drainage trough, and a plug end matching the plug groove is provided on the lower side of the filter plate near the drainage trough.
[0013] Preferably, a cover plate is provided on the top of the liquid inlet, and two parallel water inlet grooves are provided on the cover plate, which are located directly above the two side edges of the filter plate.
[0014] Preferably, the length of the filter plate is greater than the length of the water inlet tank, and the end of the filter plate is located directly below the cover plate.
[0015] Preferably, a drain hole is provided at the bottom of the solid tank, and the drain hole is connected to the adjacent drain tank through a water guide pipe.
[0016] The inlet of the water pipe is higher than the bottom of the drainage trough.
[0017] Preferably, a supporting protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the solid tank, and a water-absorbing plate is provided on the supporting protrusion; wherein,
[0018] The water-absorbing plate moves up and down along the solid groove.
[0019] Preferably, a lifting rod is provided on the upper surface of the water-absorbing plate.
[0020] Preferably, the top of the solid tank is provided with an end cap, a pull rod is provided on the upper surface of the end cap, and a buckle is provided between the end cap and the solid tank.
[0021] Preferably, the pore size of the filter plate is 3-5 mm.
[0022] Based on the above description and practice, it can be seen that in the tunnel waterproof drainage structure of this utility model, water falls through the liquid inlet to the filter plate, and then falls vertically into the drainage groove space on the lower side of the filter plate for drainage. As the water falls onto the filter plate, the solids slide along the inclined direction of the upper surface of the filter plate into the connecting groove, and finally enter the solids groove for collection. This prevents solids from accumulating on the upper surface of the filter plate, thus preventing the filter plate from being blocked by solids, resulting in high drainage efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1This is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a partial top view of a tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention, showing that the liquid inlet is not covered and the solid tank is not covered.
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in one embodiment of the present invention, in which the liquid inlet is not covered and the solid tank on one side of the liquid inlet is not covered with an end cap and a water absorption plate.
[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the middle.
[0028] Figure 6 This is a side cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention without a filter plate, end cap, and cover plate.
[0029] Figure 7 This is a front view of the filter plate involved in one embodiment of the present invention.
[0030] Figure 8 This is a side view of the filter plate involved in one embodiment of the present utility model;
[0031] Figure 9 This is a top view of the filter plate involved in one embodiment of the present utility model;
[0032] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the water-absorbing plate involved in one embodiment of the present utility model.
[0033] The attached figures are labeled as follows:
[0034] 1. Drainage trough; 11. Liquid inlet; 12. Insertion groove; 2. Solid tank; 21. Drainage hole; 22. Support protrusion; 3. Connecting groove; 4. Filter plate; 41. Insertion end; 5. Cover plate; 51. Water inlet trough; 6. Water absorption plate; 61. Water absorption layer; 62. Guide hole; 7. End cap; 71. Pull rod; 8. Water guide pipe; 9. Tunnel; 10. Tunnel surface; 20. Lifting rod. Detailed Implementation
[0035] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the concept of exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
[0036] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. It should be noted that in this disclosure, the terms "comprising," "configured with," and "set in" are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion, meaning that additional elements / components / etc. may exist besides those listed; the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only as labels and are not intended to limit the number or order of objects; the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0037] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0038] In view of the problem that the traditional pumping device in the prior art has low drainage and waterproofing efficiency due to the clogging of the filter device, the present invention proposes a tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure.
[0039] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0040] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure of this utility model includes: drainage channels 1 on both sides of the tunnel surface 10, liquid inlets 11 on the upper side of the drainage channels 1, solid tanks 2 on both sides of the liquid inlets 11, a connecting channel 3 between the solid tanks 2 and the drainage channels 1, and a filter plate 4 on the side of the connecting channel 3 facing the drainage channels 1. The liquid inlets 11 are spaced apart along the tunnel 9 direction; the connecting channel 3 is inclined, with one end connecting the connecting channel 3 and the solid tank 2 lower than the end connecting the connecting channel 3 and the liquid inlet 11; the filter plate 4 is arranged along the sidewall of the drainage channels 1 towards the tunnel surface 10, and is located below the liquid inlets 11; the upper surface of the filter plate 4 is parallel to the bottom wall of the connecting channel 3. The filter plate 4 is used to intercept solid impurities in the water flow, and the solid tank 2 is used to store the separated solid impurities. Through the combination of the drainage channels 1, the filter plate 4, and the solid tank 2, rapid drainage of water and effective separation of solid impurities within the tunnel 9 are achieved. Traditional tunnel drainage systems are often clogged due to the accumulation of solid impurities, requiring frequent manual cleaning. However, this invention combines an inclined connecting channel 3 with a detachable filter plate 4, allowing solid impurities to automatically slide into the collection tank, while liquids directly seep into the drainage channel 1 for discharge, significantly reducing maintenance costs and improving drainage efficiency.
[0041] Furthermore, the inclination angle of the connecting channel 3 is 30° to 45°, and the inclination angle of the filter plate 4 is consistent with the inclination angle of the connecting channel 3. The solid tank 2 and the drainage tank 1 are connected by the inclined connecting channel 3, the inclination angle of the connecting channel 3 is 30° to 45°, and its end near the solid tank 2 is lower than the end near the drainage tank 1, forming a natural slope.
[0042] Furthermore, such as Figures 5 to 9 As shown, a insertion groove 12 is provided on the side wall of the drainage trough 1. The filter plate 4 has an insertion end 41 that matches the insertion groove 12 on the lower side of one end near the drainage trough 1. When the insertion end 41 is inserted into the insertion groove 12, the end face of one end of the filter plate 4 is in contact with the side wall of the drainage trough 1, and the upper surface is parallel to the lower wall of the connecting groove 3. This makes the replacement and maintenance of the filter plate 4 more convenient. Furthermore, since the filter plate 4 is detachable, it avoids obstruction when cleaning the drainage trough 1.
[0043] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the filter plates 4 on both sides of the drainage tank 1 are symmetrically arranged, and there is a gap between the ends facing the liquid inlet 11, so as to avoid mutual obstruction when the two filter plates 4 are inserted.
[0044] Furthermore, a cover plate 5 is provided on the top of the liquid inlet 11, and two parallel water inlet channels 51 are formed on the cover plate 5. The two water inlet channels 51 are located directly above the two side edges of the filter plate 4. The length of the filter plate 4 is greater than the length of the water inlet channels 51, and the ends of the filter plate 4 are located directly below the cover plate 5. The width of the water inlet channels 51 is one-third to one-half the width of the liquid inlet 11, which can intercept large debris (such as stones and branches) and maintain sufficient drainage flow. The length of the filter plate 4 exceeds the projection range of the water inlet channels 51 in the direction of the tunnel 9, and its far end extends directly below the cover plate 5 between the two water inlet channels 51, ensuring that all water flows through the surface of the filter plate 4 and avoiding direct impact on the drainage channel 1 to prevent turbulence. The two ends of the cover plate 5 are fixed by the support structures on both sides of the liquid inlet 11 to enhance the overall stability.
[0045] Furthermore, a drain hole 21 is provided at the bottom of the solid tank 2. The drain hole 21 is connected to the adjacent drain tank 1 through a water guide pipe 8. The inlet of the water guide pipe 8 is higher than the bottom of the drain tank 1 to prevent sediment in the drain tank 1 from flowing back into the solid tank 2. A support protrusion 22 is provided on the inner wall of the solid tank 2, and a water-absorbing plate 6 is provided on the support protrusion 22. The water-absorbing plate 6 moves up and down along the solid tank 2. A lifting rod 20 is provided on the upper surface of the water-absorbing plate 6. An end cap 7 is provided on the top of the solid tank 2. A pull rod 71 is provided on the upper surface of the end cap 7. A buckle is provided between the end cap 7 and the solid tank 2. The surface of the water-absorbing plate 6 is covered with a sponge layer, and multiple guide holes 62 are opened on the plate. When the residual liquid in the solid tank 2 is absorbed by the sponge, the liquid flows into the bottom through the guide holes 62 and is finally discharged through the drain hole 21. During maintenance, the operator lifts the water-absorbing plate 6 upwards using the lifting rod 20 to clean the absorbed solid residue and replace the sponge layer, greatly simplifying the maintenance process. The solid tank 2 is equipped with an end cap 7 at the top. The end cap 7 is sealed to the tank opening by a snap-fit structure. A pull rod 71 is provided on the surface to facilitate quick opening and cleaning of internal impurities.
[0046] Furthermore, the pore size of the filter plate 4 is 3-5 mm. The dimensions of the drainage trough 1 and the solids trough 2 can be adjusted according to the cross-section of the tunnel 9. The pore size and material of the filter plate 4 can be optimized for different impurity characteristics. Generally, the pore size is 3-5 mm, and the material is rust-resistant coated stainless steel. In extremely rainy areas, the spacing of the drainage trough 1 can be increased or the diameter of the water pipe 8 can be enlarged to cope with peak flow rates. In areas with frequent freeze-thaw cycles, a heating device can be added inside the water pipe 8 to prevent freezing and blockage.
[0047] In practice, water accumulated in tunnel 9 flows into the surface of filter plate 4 through the inlet trough 51 of cover plate 5. The liquid seeps vertically into drainage trough 1 through the filter holes, while solid impurities slide along the inclined surface of filter plate 4 into connecting trough 3, eventually accumulating in solids trough 2. Drainage holes 21 and water guide pipe 8 in solids trough 2 guide residual liquid back to drainage trough 1, preventing water accumulation. When impurities in solids trough 2 reach a certain amount, end cover 7 is opened and suction plate 6 is lifted for cleaning. Filter plate 4 is periodically disassembled and rinsed to ensure unobstructed filter holes. The height design of the inlet of water guide pipe 8 can adapt to different flow conditions, preventing backflow of sediment from drainage trough 1.
[0048] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure, characterized in that, include: The system includes drainage channels on both sides of the tunnel surface, liquid inlets above the drainage channels, solid tanks on both sides of the liquid inlets, a connecting channel between the solid tanks and the drainage channels, and a filter plate below the connecting channel; wherein, The liquid inlet ports are spaced apart along the tunnel direction; The end of the connecting groove that is connected to the solid tank is lower than the end of the connecting groove that is connected to the liquid inlet. The filter plate is arranged along the side wall of the drainage trough toward the tunnel surface, and the filter plate is located below the liquid inlet. The upper surface of the filter plate is arranged parallel to the bottom wall of the connecting groove, and the filter plate is used to intercept solid impurities in the water flow.
2. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the connecting groove is 30° to 45°, and the inclination angle of the filter plate is the same as that of the connecting groove.
3. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A plug-in groove is provided on the side wall of the drainage trough, and a plug-in end that matches the plug-in groove is provided on the lower side of the filter plate near the end of the drainage trough.
4. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A cover plate is provided on the top of the liquid inlet, and two parallel water inlet grooves are opened on the cover plate. The two water inlet grooves are located directly above the two side edges of the filter plate.
5. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The length of the filter plate is greater than the length of the water inlet tank, and the end of the filter plate is located directly below the cover plate.
6. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A drain hole is provided at the bottom of the solid tank, and the drain hole is connected to the adjacent drain tank through a water guide pipe. The inlet of the water pipe is higher than the bottom of the drainage trough.
7. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the solid tank is provided with supporting protrusions, and a water-absorbing plate is provided on the supporting protrusions; wherein... The water-absorbing plate moves up and down along the solid groove.
8. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A lifting rod is provided on the upper surface of the water-absorbing plate.
9. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An end cap is provided at the top of the solid tank, a pull rod is provided on the upper surface of the end cap, and a buckle is provided between the end cap and the solid tank.
10. The tunnel waterproofing and drainage structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pore size of the filter plate is 3-5 mm.