A horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in core component and horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor

Abstract

The application discloses a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-core component and a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor, the in-core component is horizontally arranged and comprises a reflecting layer assembly, a heat insulation shielding layer assembly and a gas collecting layer assembly, the reflecting layer assembly is horizontally arranged and forms a first cavity inside, and a reactor core is arranged in the first cavity; the gas collecting layer assembly is arranged on one side of the reactor core, and the gas collecting layer assembly has a converging structure inside, the converging structure is used for converging the coolant flowing through the reactor core to the central axis direction of the gas collecting layer assembly, and the heat insulation shielding layer assembly is arranged outside the reflecting layer assembly and the gas collecting layer assembly. The height of the reactor is effectively reduced by adopting the in-core component, and transportation of the reactor is facilitated.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of nuclear industry, and particularly relates to a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-core component and a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprising the same. BACKGROUND

[0002] The prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor belongs to one of the fourth generation nuclear reactors, such as the HTTR of Japan and the Fort St. Vrain of the United States. The reactor core part is mainly composed of graphite bricks and heat-insulating carbon bricks. The reactor core is arranged in an orderly and regular manner and has a prismatic shape. The reactor core comprises, from the inside to the outside, a fuel area, upper and lower reflector layers and side reflector layers, upper and lower carbon brick layers and side carbon brick layers. Helium gas is used as the coolant of the reactor. The coolant flows through the upper carbon brick layer, the upper reflector layer, the reactor core, the lower reflector layer, the support column + hot gas chamber and the outlet pipe in turn from top to bottom. The coolant is gradually heated in the process of flowing downward, and the reactor core is cooled. The heated coolant flows out of the reactor through the hot gas chamber.

[0003] As known, the high-temperature gas cooled reactor has great inherent safety. However, the characteristics of low energy density and large heat capacity of the reactor core make the reactor bulky. If the output power of the reactor is reduced, the volume of the reactor can be appropriately reduced. However, the volume of the reactor cannot be reduced indefinitely, otherwise the reactor cannot be started and operated.

[0004] In the prior art, the prismatic high-temperature gas cooled reactor adopts a vertical reactor structure, and no horizontal reactor structure is recorded. As described above, the volume of the reactor cannot be reduced indefinitely. At this time, the height of the reactor needs to be considered. For the traditional vertical reactor, a control mechanism needs to be arranged above the reactor in order to control the reactivity of the reactor. Therefore, the height of the vertical reactor is difficult to reduce, and the goal of vehicle transportation cannot be achieved.

[0005] In addition, in the vertical reactor structure in the prior art, the hot gas chamber for collecting the high-temperature helium gas flowing through the reactor core is formed by a space supported by the graphite support column. During installation, the two ends of the graphite support column are clamped in the support seat, and the upper graphite block is compressed by gravity. Since the support column is supported by multiple point contacts, the wear of the graphite support column is aggravated. The vibration during the operation of the reactor and the non-uniformity of the compression pressure of the gravity compression easily lead to the fracture of the graphite support column. The above-mentioned compression pressure also causes the graphite bricks on the upper and lower sides of the graphite support column to receive the concentrated force of the support seat, which is not conducive to the strength design of the graphite bricks.

[0006] In addition, the reactor needs to be connected to subsequent devices through high-temperature pipelines. These devices cannot be affected by neutron irradiation. However, the structure of the existing hot gas chamber causes excessive leakage of neutrons into the hot gas chamber and the high-temperature pipelines. SUMMARY

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-core component and a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor comprising the same, so as to effectively reduce the height of the reactor and facilitate transportation.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] The horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-core component comprises a reflection layer assembly, a heat insulation shielding layer assembly and a gas collecting layer assembly, the reflection layer assembly is horizontally arranged and has a first cavity formed therein, and a reactor core is accommodated in the first cavity; the gas collecting layer assembly is arranged on one side of the reactor core and has a converging structure inside, the converging structure is used for converging the coolant flowing through the reactor core towards the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly, and the heat insulation shielding layer assembly is sleeved outside the reflection layer assembly and the gas collecting layer assembly.

[0010] Preferably, the gas collecting layer assembly comprises N gas collecting layers, each gas collecting layer is arranged in sequence in a direction gradually away from the reactor core, N is a positive integer, each gas collecting layer is spliced by a plurality of hexagonal prism blocks, the converging structure comprises N converging units arranged in the N gas collecting layers respectively, each converging unit comprises a through hole and a groove, the grooves in the same gas collecting layer are communicated with the through hole, the groove is a non-through groove, and the groove is arranged around the through hole, the shape of the groove is set to a shape capable of converging the coolant towards the center of the gas collecting layer, the through holes in different gas collecting layers are communicated with each other, and the through hole in the converging unit of the latter gas collecting layer is closer to the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly than the through hole in the converging unit of the former gas collecting layer.

[0011] Preferably, the gas collecting layer assembly comprises three gas collecting layers, i.e., a first gas collecting layer, a second gas collecting layer and a third gas collecting layer, which are sequentially arranged and attached in the direction away from the core, and the hexagonal prismatic blocks in the first gas collecting layer, the second gas collecting layer and the third gas collecting layer are respectively first hexagonal prismatic blocks, second hexagonal prismatic blocks and third hexagonal prismatic blocks, and correspondingly, the converging structure comprises three converging units, i.e., a first converging unit, a second converging unit and a third converging unit, which are respectively arranged in the first gas collecting layer, the second gas collecting layer and the third gas collecting layer, the number of the first converging units is equal to the number of the first hexagonal prismatic blocks, and one first converging unit is arranged in each first hexagonal prismatic block, each first converging unit comprises a first through hole and a plurality of radial grooves, the first through hole is arranged at the center of the first hexagonal prismatic block, the plurality of radial grooves are arranged around the first through hole in the first hexagonal prismatic block, one end of each radial groove is in communication with the first through hole, and the other end extends outward, the radial grooves do not penetrate the first hexagonal prismatic block, so that the coolant flowing out of the core flows into the radial grooves of the first gas collecting layer and the input end of the first through hole, and finally converges in the first through hole, and then flows out of the output end of the first through hole, thereby completing the first convergence of the coolant, the second converging unit comprises a second through hole and a first connecting groove, the second through hole is arranged at the center of the second hexagonal prismatic block, the second through hole is arranged on the second hexagonal prismatic block in the central region, the second through hole is in communication with the first through hole, the first connecting groove is arranged on the second hexagonal prismatic block outside the central region, and the first connecting groove does not penetrate the second hexagonal prismatic block, the second hexagonal prismatic block outside the central region is in communication with the second through hole through the first connecting groove, so that the coolant from the first gas collecting layer flows into the input end of the second through hole and the first connecting groove, converges in the second through hole, and then flows out of the output end of the second through hole, thereby completing the second convergence of the coolant, the third converging unit comprises a third through hole, a fourth through hole, a converging hole, an annular groove, a second connecting groove, a third connecting groove and a fourth connecting groove, on one side of the third gas collecting layer close to the second gas collecting layer, the third hexagonal prismatic block at the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer corresponds in position to the second hexagonal prismatic block at the outermost layer of the central region of the second gas collecting layer, the third through hole is arranged at the center of the third hexagonal prismatic block at the inner layer of the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer, and the third through holes are arranged at intervals on this layer of third hexagonal prismatic blocks, the annular groove is arranged along the circumference of this layer of third hexagonal prismatic blocks to communicate the plurality of third through holes with each other, the second connecting groove is arranged on the third hexagonal prismatic layer outside the annular groove, the third hexagonal prismatic block at the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer is in communication with the third through hole or the annular groove through the second connecting groove, the fourth through hole is arranged on the third hexagonal prismatic block in the central region of the third gas collecting layer, and the fourth through hole is arranged at the center of the third hexagonal prismatic block in the central region of the third gas collecting layer.The third six-prism block in the innermost layer of the central area on the side away from the second gas collecting layer is provided with a converging hole in the center, the converging hole does not penetrate the third six-prism block, the output end of the third through hole and the output end of the fourth through hole are communicated through a third connecting groove, the output end of the fourth through hole and the converging hole are communicated through a fourth connecting groove, the coolant from the second gas collecting layer flows into the input end of the third through hole and the fourth through hole and the second connecting groove and the annular groove, converges into the third through hole and the fourth through hole and then flows out from the output end of the third through hole and the fourth through hole, and finally converges into the converging hole through the third connecting groove and the fourth connecting groove, so that the third convergence of the coolant is completed.

[0012] Preferably, the reflector assembly includes a first reflector and a second reflector, the second reflector is arranged along the transverse direction and forms an annular shell structure, the first cavity is formed in the inside of the annular shell structure, the first reflector is formed by splicing a plurality of fourth six-prism blocks, the first reflector is arranged in the inside of the second reflector and is arranged on both sides of the core opposite to the gas collecting assembly, and the first gas collecting layer and the second gas collecting layer are in the inside of the second reflector.

[0013] Preferably, the second reflector is a cylindrical shell structure, and a plurality of groups of second reflectors are arranged along the transverse direction to jointly form the cylindrical shell structure.

[0014] Preferably, each group of second reflectors is formed by splicing a plurality of sector blocks along the circumferential direction, and two adjacent groups of second reflectors are arranged in a staggered manner to form a lap joint structure.

[0015] Preferably, in the same group of second reflectors, a first key groove is arranged on the side surface of one sector block, a corresponding first protrusion is arranged on another sector block adjacent to the one sector block, the first protrusion is engaged with the first key groove to prevent the second reflector from moving away from the central axis of the first cavity, a second key groove is arranged between the bottom portions of two adjacent sector blocks in the same group of second reflectors, and a corresponding second protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the pressure vessel, the second protrusion is engaged with the second key groove to prevent the in-core component from rotating.

[0016] Preferably, the heat shielding and shielding assembly includes a first heat shielding and shielding layer, a second heat shielding and shielding layer and a third heat shielding and shielding layer, the first heat shielding and shielding layer and the second heat shielding and shielding layer are arranged on the outer end surface of the second reflector, the second heat shielding and shielding layer surrounds the outside of the first heat shielding and shielding layer, the first heat shielding and shielding layer is arranged on the outer end surface of the first reflector, the second heat shielding and shielding layer is arranged on the outer end surface of the second reflector, and the third heat shielding and shielding layer is arranged on the outer wall of the second reflector.

[0017] Preferably, the first heat-shielding shielding layer is formed by splicing a plurality of fifth hexagonal prismatic blocks, the second heat-shielding shielding layer is an annular structure formed by splicing a plurality of fan-shaped blocks along the circumferential direction, and the third heat-shielding shielding layer has an internal structure matched with the second reflective layer.

[0018] Preferably, the heat-shielding shielding layer assembly further comprises a fourth heat-shielding shielding layer and a fifth heat-shielding shielding layer, the fifth heat-shielding shielding layer is arranged at the end of the second reflective layer and is matched with the outer end surface of the end of the second reflective layer away from the first reflective layer, the internal structure of the fifth heat-shielding shielding layer forms a second cavity, and the first cavity and the second cavity are in communication with each other, the third gas-collecting layer and the fourth heat-shielding shielding layer are arranged in the second cavity, and the fourth heat-shielding shielding layer is arranged outside the third gas-collecting layer, and the side of the third gas-collecting layer away from the second gas-collecting layer is matched with the fourth heat-shielding shielding layer.

[0019] Preferably, the fifth heat-shielding shielding layer is an annular structure formed by splicing a plurality of fan-shaped blocks, the fourth heat-shielding shielding layer is formed by splicing a plurality of sixth hexagonal prismatic blocks, the fourth heat-shielding shielding layer is provided with a fifth through hole, the diameter of the side of the fifth through hole close to the third gas-collecting layer is smaller than the diameter of the side of the fifth through hole away from the third gas-collecting layer, the diameter of the side of the fifth through hole close to the third gas-collecting layer is the same as the diameter of the converging hole, and the converging hole is in communication with the fifth through hole.

[0020] Preferably, the in-core structure further comprises a fixing plate, the outer diameter of the fixing plate is greater than the diameter of the fifth heat-shielding shielding layer, the fifth heat-shielding shielding layer is fixed on the fixing plate, a plurality of waist holes are arranged on the circumference of the fixing plate outside the fifth heat-shielding shielding layer, the gas-collecting layer assembly further comprises an exhaust unit, the exhaust unit comprises a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe, the first exhaust pipe is arranged in the fifth through hole, the second exhaust pipe is arranged inside the first exhaust pipe and is arranged concentrically with the first exhaust pipe, the diameter of the second exhaust pipe is smaller than that of the first exhaust pipe, and an annular gap is formed between the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe, the coolant flowing out of the gas-collecting layer assembly flows out of the output end of the second exhaust pipe to the external heat exchange assembly, the coolant after heat exchange flows along the annular gap to the edge of the fixing plate, and then flows into the pressure vessel outside the third heat-shielding shielding layer through the waist hole of the fixing plate, and finally enters the first inner cavity through the inner hole of the first heat-shielding shielding layer and the inner hole of the first reflective layer, thereby completing the recycling of the coolant.

[0021] Preferably, the in-core structure further comprises a control rod channel, the control rod channel comprises a sixth through hole and a seventh through hole, the sixth through hole is arranged on the second heat-shielding shielding layer, the seventh through hole is arranged on the second reflective layer, and the sixth through hole and the seventh through hole are in communication to form the control rod channel.

[0022] Preferably, the in-pile component further comprises a pressing assembly, the pressing assembly comprises a radial pressing unit, the radial pressing unit comprises a flange, a pressing mechanism, a first pressing plate, the flange is inserted on the pressure vessel shell, the insertion end of the flange penetrates through the pressure vessel shell, the middle part of the flange is provided with a mounting hole, the pressing mechanism comprises a first pressing spring, a first pressing block, a second pressing block and a pressing adjusting nut, the pressing adjusting nut, the second pressing block and the first pressing block are sequentially pressed and arranged in the mounting hole from top to bottom, the pressing adjusting nut is threadedly connected with the mounting hole, the first pressing spring is clamped between the first pressing block and the second pressing block, one end of the first pressing spring abuts against the second pressing block, and the other end abuts against the first pressing block, the lower part of the first pressing block extends out of the mounting hole and is connected with one side of the first pressing plate in the radial direction for pressing the first pressing plate, and the other side of the first pressing plate in the radial direction is in contact with the outer wall of the reflector assembly.

[0023] Preferably, the pressing assembly further comprises an axial pressing unit, the axial pressing unit comprises a supporting mechanism, an elastic mechanism and a second pressing plate, the supporting mechanism comprises a supporting column and a supporting plate, one end of the supporting column is fixedly connected with the supporting plate, and the other end abuts against the pressure vessel head, the second pressing plate is arranged in parallel with the supporting plate and located on the side of the supporting plate away from the supporting column, the second pressing plate is in contact with the end surface of the reflector assembly, the elastic mechanism comprises a guide column and a second pressing spring, the supporting plate is provided with a guide hole, one end of the guide column is fixedly installed on the second pressing plate, the other end of the guide column penetrates through the guide hole on the supporting plate, the second pressing spring is sleeved on the guide column and is in a compressed state, and two ends of the second pressing spring abut against the supporting plate and the second pressing plate respectively.

[0024] The application further provides a horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor, which comprises a pressure vessel and a horizontal reactor core, the pressure vessel comprises a pressure vessel shell, and further comprises the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-pile component described above, the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-pile component is arranged in the pressure vessel shell, and the horizontal reactor core is arranged in the first cavity of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-pile component.

[0025] The horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in the application adopts a transverse structure, which can be applied to horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactors, thereby effectively reducing the size of the vertical reactor in the height direction, and correspondingly, the width and length of the reactor, so that the overall structure of the reactor is compact, thereby realizing the function of vehicle transportation, and reducing the gravity center of the reactor, thereby reducing the risk of earthquakes. And in order to solve the problem of unstable support structure of the gas collection chamber + support column of the vertical reactor in the prior art and the problem of non-concentration of the coolant, the application preferably adopts a three-layer concentration structure composed of multiple graphite bricks, which gradually concentrates the high-temperature coolant flowing out of the reactor active zone to the center layer by layer, and then leads out of the reactor from the exhaust pipe. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a structural arrangement schematic view of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0028] Figure 3 is a left side schematic view of the first gas collection layer of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0029] Figure 4 is a right side schematic view of the first gas collection layer of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0030] Figure 5 is a left side schematic view of the second gas collection layer of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0031] Figure 6 is a right side schematic view of the second gas collection layer of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0032] Figure 7 is a left side schematic view of the third gas collection layer of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0033] Figure 8 is a right side schematic view of the third gas collection layer of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0034] Figure 9 is a left side schematic view of the fourth heat insulation shielding layer of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0035] Figure 10 is a right side schematic view of the fourth heat insulation shielding layer of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor in-vessel component in embodiment 1 of the application;

[0036] Figure 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the radial compression unit in the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0037] Figure 12 is a connection structure schematic diagram of the radial compression unit and the pressure vessel shell in the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 13 is a front view of the axial compression unit in the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 14 is a perspective view of the axial compression unit in the embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 15 is a splicing schematic diagram of the multiple axial compression units in the embodiment 1 of the present application.

[0041] In the figure: 1-axial compression unit, 21-supporting column, 22-supporting plate, 23-first guiding cylinder, 24-guiding column, 25-second compression spring, 26-second guiding cylinder, 27-second compression plate, 3-first heat insulation shielding layer, 4-second heat insulation shielding layer, 5-third heat insulation shielding layer, 6-radial compression unit, 61-first compression plate, 62-bolt, 63-flange cover, 64-flange, 65-first compression block, 66-first compression spring, 67-second compression block, 68-compression adjusting nut, 69-pressure vessel shell, 8-first reflecting layer, 9-second reflecting layer, 10-first gas collecting layer, 11-second gas collecting layer, 12-third gas collecting layer, 13-fourth heat insulation shielding layer, 14-fifth heat insulation shielding layer, 15-fixing plate, 16-exhaust unit, 17-first key groove, 18-second key groove, 101-outermost second hexagonal prism block, 102-outermost third hexagonal prism block, 103-innermost third hexagonal prism block of the outermost inner layer, 104-innermost third hexagonal prism block, 105-first through hole, 106-second through hole, 107-third through hole, 108-fourth through hole, 109-fifth through hole, 110-radial groove, 111-first connecting groove, 112-second connecting groove, 113-annular groove, 114-third connecting groove, 115-fourth connecting groove, 116-converging hole, 117-sixth through hole, 118-seventh through hole, 119-second hexagonal prism block of the middle region. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of the present application.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "above" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience and simplification of the description and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0044] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "setting," "installation," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] This invention provides a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internal component. The internal component is arranged laterally and includes a reflective layer assembly, a heat shielding layer assembly, and a gas collecting layer assembly. The reflective layer assembly is arranged laterally and forms a first cavity inside, in which the reactor core is housed. The gas collecting layer assembly is located on one side of the reactor core and can close the opening end of the reflective layer assembly. The gas collecting layer assembly has a converging structure inside, which is used to converge the coolant flowing through the reactor core towards the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly. The heat shielding layer assembly is sleeved on the outside of the reflective layer assembly and the gas collecting layer assembly.

[0047] The present invention also provides a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, including a pressure vessel and a horizontal reactor core. The pressure vessel includes a pressure vessel shell and the aforementioned horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internal components. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internal components are disposed within the pressure vessel shell, and the horizontal reactor core is disposed within a first cavity of the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internal components.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment discloses an internal component of a horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. The internal component is arranged laterally to match the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. The internal component includes a reflector layer assembly, a heat shield layer assembly, and a gas collecting layer assembly. The reflector layer assembly is arranged laterally and forms a first cavity inside, in which the reactor core is housed. The gas collecting layer assembly is located on one side of the horizontal reactor core and has a converging structure inside. The converging structure is used to converge the coolant flowing through the reactor core towards the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly. The heat shield layer assembly is sleeved on the outside of the reflector layer assembly and the gas collecting layer assembly.

[0050] In the embodiment, the gas collecting layer assembly includes N gas collecting layers, each of which is arranged in turn in a direction gradually away from the core and is attached to each other. Wherein, N is a positive integer, each gas collecting layer is spliced by a plurality of hexagonal prism blocks, the converging structure includes N converging units arranged in the N gas collecting layers respectively, each converging unit includes a through hole and a groove, the grooves in the same gas collecting layer are communicated with the through hole, the groove is a non-through groove, and the groove is arranged around the through hole, the shape of the groove is set to a shape capable of converging the coolant to the center of the gas collecting layer, the through hole in each gas collecting layer is a through hole capable of penetrating the gas collecting layer along the length direction, and the through holes in different gas collecting layers are communicated with each other, the position of the through hole in the converging unit of the latter gas collecting layer is closer to the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly than that of the through hole in the converging unit of the former gas collecting layer. Through the above structure, the coolant can be finally converged to the central axis position of the gas collecting layer assembly.

[0051] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 , 2 The gas collecting layer assembly includes three gas collecting layers, namely the first gas collecting layer 10, the second gas collecting layer 11 and the third gas collecting layer 12, which are arranged in turn and attached in a direction away from the core, wherein the hexagonal prism blocks in the first gas collecting layer 10, the second gas collecting layer 11 and the third gas collecting layer 12 are the first hexagonal prism block, the second hexagonal prism block and the third hexagonal prism block respectively. Correspondingly, the converging structure includes three converging units, namely the first converging unit, the second converging unit and the third converging unit, which are arranged in the first gas collecting layer 10, the second gas collecting layer 11 and the third gas collecting layer 12 respectively.

[0052] As shown in Figure 3 , on the side of the first gas collecting layer 10 close to the core, the number of the first converging units is equal to the number of the first hexagonal prism blocks, and one first converging unit is arranged in each first hexagonal prism block, each first converging unit includes a first through hole 105 and a plurality of radial grooves 110, the first through hole 105 is arranged at the center of the first hexagonal prism block and penetrates the first hexagonal prism block from the length direction, the plurality of radial grooves 110 are arranged around the first through hole 105 in the first hexagonal prism block, one end of each radial groove 110 is communicated with the first through hole 105, the other end extends outward (the edge of the first hexagonal prism block), and the radial groove 110 does not penetrate the first hexagonal prism block.

[0053] In the embodiment, six radial grooves 110 are arranged on each first hexagonal prism block, the cross-sectional shape of each radial groove 110 is a bending shape, which is V-shaped in the embodiment, and the six radial grooves 110 are uniformly distributed around the through hole along the circumference of the first hexagonal prism block, so as to expand the contact area of the first gas collecting layer 10 close to the core with the coolant, that is, to expand the area of the coolant inflow end.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, for the side of the first gas collecting layer 10 away from the core, each hexagonal prism block is provided with only a first through hole 105, which is used to reduce the area of ​​the coolant outflow end of the first gas collecting layer 10, thereby achieving the effect of gathering the coolant.

[0055] The coolant flowing through the core enters from the radial groove 110 of the first gas collecting layer 10 and the input end of the first through hole 105, and gathers in the first through hole 105, and then flows out from the output end of the first through hole 105, thus completing the first gathering of coolant.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, on the side of the second gas collecting layer 11 near the first gas collecting layer 10, the second gathering unit includes a second through hole 106 and a first connecting groove 111. The second through hole 106 is located at the center of the second hexagonal prism block, and the second through hole 106 is only located on the second hexagonal prism block 119 located in the central region (the second hexagonal prism block 101 located in the outermost layer does not have a second through hole 106). Specifically, the second through hole 106 corresponds to a portion of the first through hole 105 (the first through hole 105 located in the middle position) in position and is interconnected with each other. The first connecting groove 111 is a straight groove. The first connecting groove 111 is located on the second hexagonal prism block located outside the central region (i.e., the second hexagonal prism block 101 located in the outermost layer), and the first connecting groove 111 does not penetrate the second hexagonal prism block. The second hexagonal prism block located outside the central region is connected to the second through hole 106 through the first connecting groove 111.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, on the side of the second gas collecting layer 11 away from the first gas collecting layer 10, a second through hole 106 is provided only on the second hexagonal prism block 119 located in the central region. Coolant from the first gas collecting layer 10 flows in from the input end of the second through hole 106 and the first connecting groove 111. After converging in the second through hole 106, it flows out from the output end of the second through hole 106, thus completing the second convergence of coolant. The second convergence makes the coolant closer to the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly than the first convergence.

[0058] In this embodiment, the third converging unit includes a third through hole 107, a fourth through hole 108, a converging hole 116, an annular groove 113, a second connecting groove 112, a third connecting groove 114, and a fourth connecting groove 115.

[0059] like Figure 7As shown, on the side of the third gas collection layer 12 close to the second gas collection layer 11, the third six-prism block 102 located at the outermost layer of the third gas collection layer 12 corresponds in position to the second six-prism block 101 located at the outermost layer of the central area of the second gas collection layer 11, and the third through hole 107 is arranged at the center of the third six-prism block 103 located at the inner layer of the outermost layer of the third gas collection layer 12. Specifically, each layer of the third six-prism block forms a hexagonal ring structure, and the third through hole 107 is arranged on the third six-prism block in the layer in intervals, i.e., along the side of the hexagon formed thereby in intervals, and the annular groove 113 is arranged along the circumference of the third six-prism block in the layer, and the annular groove 113 sequentially connects the centers of the plurality of third six-prism blocks in the layer (including the third six-prism block with the third through hole 107 and the third six-prism block without the third through hole 107), so as to mutually connect the plurality of third through holes 107, and connect the third six-prism block without the third through hole 107 in the layer with the third through hole 107. The second connecting groove 112 is arranged on the third six-prism layer outside the annular groove 113 (i.e., the third six-prism block 102 located at the outermost layer of the third gas collection layer 12), the third six-prism block 102 located at the outermost layer of the third gas collection layer 12 is connected with the third through hole 107 or the annular groove 113 through the second connecting groove 112, and the second connecting groove 112 is linear, the fourth through hole 108 is arranged on the third six-prism block located at the innermost layer of the central area of the third gas collection layer 12 (i.e., the third six-prism block located at the layer inside the annular groove 113), and the fourth through hole 108 is arranged at the center of the third six-prism block in the layer, and the two sides of the plurality of third six-prism blocks in the layer close to the side of the third gas collection layer 12 center extend toward the center of the third gas collection layer 12 and intersect at the center of the third gas collection layer 12, so as to form a closed structure inside the annular area surrounded by the plurality of fourth through holes 108.

[0060] As shown, Figure 8 On the side of the third gas collection layer 12 away from the second gas collection layer 11, the center of the third six-prism block 104 located at the innermost layer of the central area (i.e., the closed structure inside the annular area surrounded by the plurality of fourth through holes 108) is provided with a converging hole 116, the converging hole 116 does not penetrate the third six-prism block, the output end of the third through hole 107 and the output end of the fourth through hole 108 are connected through the third connecting groove 114, the output end of the fourth through hole 108 and the converging hole 116 are connected through the fourth connecting groove 115, the third connecting groove 114 and the fourth connecting groove 115 are linear and do not penetrate the third gas collection layer 12, and the third through hole 107, the fourth through hole 108, the third connecting groove 114, the fourth connecting groove 115 and the converging hole 116 collectively form a snowflake shape.

[0061] The coolant from the second plenum 11 flows into the third through hole 107 and the fourth through hole 108 from the input end of the third through hole 107 and the fourth through hole 108 and the second connecting groove 112 and the annular groove 113, converges into the third through hole 107 and the fourth through hole 108, and then flows out from the output end of the third through hole 107 and the fourth through hole 108, and finally converges into the converging hole 116 along the third connecting groove 114 and the fourth connecting groove 115, so as to complete the third convergence of the coolant, and after the third convergence, the coolant can be effectively converged within the diameter range of the third through hole 107.

[0062] In the embodiment, the reflector assembly includes a first reflector 8 and a second reflector 9, the second reflector 9 is arranged along the transverse direction and forms a cylindrical shell structure, and a first cavity is formed in the inside of the cylindrical shell structure. The first reflector 8 is formed by splicing a plurality of fourth hexagonal prismatic blocks, and the first reflector 8 is arranged in the inside of the second reflector 9 and is arranged opposite to the plenum assembly on both sides of the horizontal core. The first plenum 10 and the second plenum 11 are in the inside of the second reflector 9, and the shapes of the first plenum 10, the second plenum 11 and the first reflector 8 are adapted to the shape of the first cavity, so that the outer walls of the first plenum 10, the second plenum 11 and the first reflector 8 can be completely attached to the inner wall of the second reflector 9. An inner hole axially along the first cavity is formed in each of the plurality of fourth hexagonal prismatic blocks of the first reflector 8, so as to allow the coolant to flow through. Specifically, the first reflector 8 and the second reflector 9 are used to reflect neutrons back to the core, so as to improve the utilization rate of neutrons.

[0063] In the embodiment, the second reflector 9 is a cylindrical shell structure, and a plurality of groups of the second reflector 9 are arranged along the transverse direction to jointly form the cylindrical shell structure. Specifically, the second reflector 9 is provided with five groups, and each group of the second reflector 9 is arranged along the transverse direction in sequence. Each group of the second reflector 9 is formed by splicing a plurality of identical fan-shaped blocks along the circumferential direction, and adjacent two groups of the second reflector 9 are arranged in a staggered manner to form a riding seam structure, so as to enhance the stability of the structure. Specifically, the connection gaps between the two fan-shaped blocks of the second reflector 9 of a previous group and the connection gaps between the two fan-shaped blocks of the second reflector 9 of a subsequent group are staggered, which is similar to the staggered brick joints of each layer when building a wall, so as to ensure the stability of the overall structure. In the embodiment, the first layer, the third layer and the fifth layer of the second reflector 9 are aligned with each other, and the second layer and the fourth layer are aligned with each other.

[0064] As Figure 1As shown, in the embodiment, in the same group of second reflecting layer 9, the side of one sector-shaped block is provided with a first key groove 17, and the other sector-shaped block adjacent to it is provided with a corresponding first protrusion, the first protrusion is engaged with the first key groove 17, so as to prevent the second reflecting layer 9 from moving away from the axis of the first cavity, a second key groove 18 is arranged between the bottoms of the two adjacent sector-shaped blocks in the same group of second reflecting layer 9, and a corresponding second protrusion is arranged on the inner wall of the pressure vessel, the second protrusion is engaged with the second key groove 18, so as to prevent the in-pile component from rotating in the pressure vessel.

[0065] In the embodiment, since a small amount of neutrons will leak out of the reflecting layer assembly, the heat shielding and shielding layer assembly is used not only for heat preservation but also for absorbing the leaked neutrons to prevent the external metal components from being damaged due to the irradiation of neutrons. The heat shielding and shielding layer assembly includes a first heat shielding and shielding layer 3, a second heat shielding and shielding layer 4, and a third heat shielding and shielding layer 5. The first heat shielding and shielding layer 3 is attached to the outer end surface of the second reflecting layer 9 away from the gas collecting layer assembly, and the second heat shielding and shielding layer 4 is arranged outside the first heat shielding and shielding layer 3. The first heat shielding and shielding layer 3 is attached to the outer end surface of the first reflecting layer 8, and the second heat shielding and shielding layer 4 is attached to the outer end surface of the second reflecting layer 9. The third heat shielding and shielding layer 5 is a cylindrical shell structure matched with the second reflecting layer 9 and is attached to the outer wall of the second reflecting layer 9.

[0066] In the embodiment, the first heat shielding and shielding layer 3 is spliced by a plurality of fifth hexagonal prismatic blocks, and each fifth hexagonal prismatic block is provided with an inner hole for coolant flow along the axial direction of the first cavity. The second heat shielding and shielding layer 4 is an annular structure spliced by a plurality of sector-shaped blocks along the circumferential direction. The third heat shielding and shielding layer 5 adopts a cylindrical shell structure matched with the second reflecting layer 9. The second heat shielding and shielding layer 4 is provided with the same second key groove 18 between two adjacent sector-shaped blocks.

[0067] In the embodiment, as shown, Figure 2 The heat shielding and shielding layer assembly further includes a fourth heat shielding and shielding layer 13 and a fifth heat shielding and shielding layer 14. The fifth heat shielding and shielding layer 14 is arranged at the end of the second reflecting layer 9 and is attached to the outer end surface of the end of the second reflecting layer 9 away from the first reflecting layer 8. The fifth heat shielding and shielding layer 14 forms a second cavity inside, and the first cavity and the second cavity are in communication. The diameter of the second cavity is smaller than that of the first cavity. The third gas collecting layer 12 and the fourth heat shielding and shielding layer 13 are arranged in the second cavity, and the fourth heat shielding and shielding layer 13 is arranged outside the third gas collecting layer 12. The third gas collecting layer 12 and the fourth heat shielding and shielding layer 13 are matched with the shape of the second cavity, and the outer walls of the third gas collecting layer 12 and the fourth heat shielding and shielding layer 13 are attached to the inner wall of the fifth heat shielding and shielding layer 14. The side of the third gas collecting layer 12 away from the second gas collecting layer 11 is attached to the fourth heat shielding and shielding layer 13.

[0068] As Figure 9 , 10 shown, the fifth heat insulation shielding layer 14 is an annular structure formed by splicing a plurality of fan-shaped blocks, and the fourth heat insulation shielding layer 13 is formed by splicing a plurality of sixth prismatic blocks. The fourth heat insulation shielding layer 13 is provided with a fifth through hole 109 at the center thereof. The diameter of the fifth through hole 109 at the side close to the third gas collecting layer 12 is smaller than the diameter of the side away from the third gas collecting layer 12. The diameter of the fifth through hole 109 at the side close to the third gas collecting layer 12 is the same as the diameter of the converging hole 116, and the converging hole 116 is in communication with the fifth through hole 109. The coolant converges into the converging hole 116 and then flows out of the fifth through hole 109.

[0069] In the embodiment, the gas collecting layer assembly and the reflection layer assembly are stacked by the graphite blocks with the shape of hexagonal prism, and have the characteristics of stable structure. The gas collecting layer assembly converges the coolant to the vicinity of the central axis of the first cavity, and finally only needs to be guided out along the fifth through hole 109, so that several hundred holes do not need to be opened to discharge the coolant.

[0070] As Figure 1 , 2 shown, the in-core structure further comprises a fixing plate 15. The outer diameter of the fixing plate 15 is greater than the diameter of the fifth heat insulation shielding layer 14. The fifth heat insulation shielding layer 14 is fixed on the fixing plate 15. A plurality of waist holes are arranged on the circumference of the fixing plate 15 outside the fifth heat insulation shielding layer 14. The gas collecting layer assembly further comprises an exhaust unit 16. The exhaust unit 16 comprises a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe. The first exhaust pipe is arranged in the fifth through hole 109. The second exhaust pipe is arranged inside the first exhaust pipe and is concentric with the first exhaust pipe. The diameter of the second exhaust pipe is smaller than that of the first exhaust pipe. An annular gap is formed between the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe. The end of the annular gap close to the fourth heat insulation shielding layer 13 is closed. The coolant flowing out of the fifth through hole 109 can only flow into the second exhaust pipe from the input end of the second exhaust pipe, so as to flow to the external heat exchange assembly. The end of the annular gap close to the heat exchange assembly is open. An opening is arranged on the wall of the first exhaust pipe. The opening is located on the side of the fixing plate 15 away from the fourth heat insulation shielding layer 13, so that the coolant after heat exchange flows along the annular gap to the opening of the first exhaust pipe, and then flows out to the inside of the pressure vessel, and then flows to the edge position of the fixing plate 15, and then flows into the outside of the third heat insulation shielding layer 5 through the waist hole of the fixing plate 15, and finally enters the first cavity through the inner hole of the first heat insulation shielding layer 3 and the inner hole of the first reflection layer 8, so as to complete the recycling of the coolant.

[0071] In the embodiment, the in-core structure further comprises a control rod channel. The control rod channel comprises a sixth through hole and a seventh through hole. The sixth through hole is arranged on the second heat insulation shielding layer 4. The seventh through hole is arranged on a plurality of second reflection layers 9. The sixth through hole and the seventh through hole are in communication with each other to form the control rod channel.

[0072] In the embodiment, the in-pile component further comprises a compression assembly, and the compression assembly comprises a radial compression unit 6.

[0073] As shown in Figure 11 , 12 , the radial compression unit 6 comprises a flange 64, a compression mechanism, a first compression plate 61, and the flange 64 is inserted on the pressure vessel shell 69, and the insertion end of the flange 64 penetrates through the pressure vessel shell 69, and in the embodiment, the specific connection mode adopts welding, which is used to ensure the sealing of the inside. The middle part of the flange 64 is provided with a mounting hole, and the compression mechanism comprises a first compression spring 66, a first compression block 65, a second compression block 67, and a compression adjusting nut 68. The compression adjusting nut 68, the second compression block 67, and the first compression block 65 are sequentially arranged in the mounting hole from top to bottom, and the diameters of the second compression block 67 and the first compression block 65 are matched with the hole diameter of the mounting hole of the flange 64, so that the second compression block 67 and the first compression block 65 can slide along the axial direction of the mounting hole. The compression adjusting nut 68 is threadedly connected with the mounting hole, the first compression spring 66 is clamped between the first compression block 65 and the second compression block 67, one end of the first compression spring 66 abuts against the second compression block 67, and the other end abuts against the first compression block 65. The lower part of the first compression block 65 extends out of the mounting hole and is connected with one side of the first compression plate 61 in the radial direction, so as to compress the first compression plate 61. The other side of the first compression plate 61 in the radial direction is in contact with the outer wall of the reflector assembly, so as to compress the third heat insulation shielding layer 5 and the second reflector 9 under the action of the first compression block 65, thereby ensuring the stability of the radial structure of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor.

[0074] In the embodiment, the radial compression unit 6 further comprises a flange cover 63 and a fastening component, the head end of the flange 64 is arranged outside the pressure vessel shell 69, the flange cover 63 is arranged on the head end of the flange 64, the lower end surface of the flange cover 63 is in contact with the upper end surface of the compression adjusting nut 68, and the fastening component is used to fix the flange cover 63 on the flange 64.

[0075] In the embodiment, the fastening component is a bolt 62, the outer periphery of the mounting hole of the flange 64 is provided with a plurality of first bolt holes arranged in a circumferential direction, and the flange cover 63 is also provided with a plurality of second bolt holes corresponding to the first bolt holes of the flange 64. A plurality of bolts 62 are sequentially arranged through the second bolt holes of the flange cover 63 and the first bolt holes of the flange 64, so as to fasten the flange cover 63 on the flange 64. After the flange cover 63 and the flange 64 are bolted, sealing welding is additionally arranged on the outer circles of the flange cover 63 and the flange 64, and sealing welding is additionally arranged between the bolt 62 and the flange cover 63, so as to enhance the sealing of the inside of the horizontal high-temperature gas cooled reactor.

[0076] Further, a sealing ring can be arranged between the flange cover 63 and the flange 64 to further enhance the sealing performance of the internal part of the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor and prevent the leakage of neutrons from the internal part of the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.

[0077] In the embodiment, the first pressing block 65 is hingedly connected to the first pressing plate 61. Since the first pressing plate 61 has a circular arc shape and the third heat insulation and shielding layer 5 has a cylindrical structure, the convex side of the circular arc of the first pressing plate 61 is hingedly connected to the lower end of the first pressing block 65, and the concave side of the circular arc of the first pressing plate 61 is in contact with the cylindrical side of the reflector assembly. The first pressing block 65 and the first pressing plate 61 are hingedly connected, so that the first pressing block 65 and the first pressing plate 61 can be adaptively rotated during the pressing process, thereby making the first pressing plate 61 more easily adhere to the side of the carbon brick layer.

[0078] As shown in Figure 11 the upper half of the mounting hole of the flange 64 has a diameter slightly larger than that of the lower half, and the diameter of the pressing adjusting nut 68 is the same as that of the upper half of the mounting hole, and the diameters of the first pressing block 65 and the second pressing block 67 are the same as that of the lower half of the mounting hole. The inner wall of the upper half of the mounting hole of the flange 64 is provided with an internal thread, and the outer wall of the pressing adjusting nut 68 is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread.

[0079] In the embodiment, the top of the first pressing block 65 and the bottom of the second pressing block 67 are respectively provided with a first recess and a second recess, the first recess and the second recess have the same size and are oppositely arranged, the top end of the first pressing spring 66 is connected in the second recess, and the bottom end of the first pressing spring 66 is connected in the first recess.

[0080] In the embodiment, the first pressing spring 66 is a disc spring, and the pressing adjusting nut 68 is an intelligent nut capable of displaying the pressing force. Since the pressure of the first pressing spring 66 is related to the compression length of the first pressing spring 66, the compression length of the first pressing spring 66 is a set value. When the pressing adjusting nut 68 is rotated, the pressing adjusting nut 68 pushes the first pressing spring 66 to move downward. When the compression length of the first pressing spring 66 reaches the set value, the pressing force of the first pressing spring 66 on the first pressing plate 61 is a preset pressing force. At this time, the rotation of the pressing adjusting nut 68 is stopped, so that the first pressing spring 66 is in the most appropriate pressing state.

[0081] In the embodiment, the installation process of the radial pressing unit 6 is as follows:

[0082] First, the insertion end of the flange 64 is inserted through the pressure vessel shell 69 and welded to the pressure vessel shell 69,

[0083] The two ends of the first compression spring 66 are connected with the second groove at the lower end of the second compression block 67 and the first groove at the upper end of the first compression block 65, and then are put into the mounting hole of the flange 64,

[0084] The first compression block 65 is connected with the first compression plate 61,

[0085] The compression adjusting nut 68 is put into the mounting hole, and is screwed along the axial thread of the mounting hole to compress the second compression block 67 below, so that the first compression spring 66 is compressed and the first compression plate 61 compresses the reflector assembly below,

[0086] Finally, according to the actual installation position of the compression adjusting nut 68, the flange cover 63 is adjusted so that one side of the flange cover 63 closely fits the upper end of the compression adjusting nut 68, the flange cover 63 is connected with the flange 64 through the bolt 62, and then the flange cover 63 is sealedly welded with the flange 64.

[0087] In the embodiment, the working principle of the radial compression unit 6 is as follows:

[0088] When the reactor is in operation, the reactor interior is continuously heated to the operating temperature (including the entire operating life), the pressure vessel shell 69 generates a displacement along the radial direction greater than that of the reflector assembly and the heat shielding assembly along the radial direction, the bolt 62, the flange cover 63, the flange 64, the second compression block 67 and the compression adjusting nut 68 move away from the reflector assembly and the heat shielding assembly along the radial direction with the pressure vessel shell 69, at this time, the elastic potential energy stored in the first compression spring 66 is released, the compression amount is reduced, but a certain residual compression force is still maintained, under the action of the residual compression force, the first compression block 65 and the first compression plate 61 can still closely fit the reflector assembly, so that the reflector assembly and the heat shielding assembly maintain the shape of the cylindrical cavity, to reduce the leakage of the coolant along the gap, so that the reactor can normally operate. When the reactor is overhauled or refueled, the temperature of the reactor decreases, the change of the radial compression unit 6 is opposite to that in the process of starting the reactor, and the compression function can still be maintained.

[0089] In the embodiment, the radial compression unit 6 is provided with the first compression spring 66 between the first compression block 65 and the second compression block 67, in the high-temperature state, because the materials of the reflector assembly, the heat shielding assembly and the pressure vessel shell 69 are different, the displacement along the radial direction of the reflector assembly, the heat shielding assembly and the pressure vessel shell 69 is also different, the first compression spring reduces the compression amount to release the elastic potential energy, so that the first compression plate 61 can always compress the reflector assembly and the heat shielding assembly, effectively ensuring the structural stability of the radial direction of the high-temperature gas cooled reactor, and avoiding the generation of gaps in the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the reflector assembly and the heat shielding assembly, and minimizing the loss of the coolant in the core.

[0090] AsFigure 13 As shown, the clamping assembly also includes an axial clamping unit 1. The axial clamping unit 1 includes a support mechanism, an elastic mechanism, and a second clamping plate 27. The support mechanism includes a support column 21 and a support plate 22. The support column 21 is cylindrical. One end of the support column 21 is fixedly connected to the support plate 22, and the other end abuts against the pressure vessel head. The second clamping plate 27 is arranged parallel to and opposite to the support plate 22, and is located on the side of the support plate 22 away from the support column 21. The second clamping plate 27 is used to axially clamp the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, and the second clamping plate 27 is in contact with the first thermal insulation shielding layer 3. The elastic mechanism includes a guide column 24 and a second clamping spring 25. The guide column 24 is cylindrical. The cylindrical support plate 22 has a circular guide hole. One end of the guide post 24 is fixedly installed on the second pressing plate 27, and the other end of the guide post 24 passes through the guide hole on the support plate 22. The second pressing spring 25 is sleeved on the guide post 24. The support plate 22 and the second pressing plate 27 are both set inside the pressure vessel shell 69. The pressure vessel head is used to close the opening end of the pressure vessel shell 69. When the pressure vessel head is connected to the pressure vessel shell 69, the second pressing spring 25 is in a compressed state under the pressure of the support plate 22. Its two ends abut against the support plate 22 and the second pressing plate 27 respectively, so that the second pressing plate 27 presses the first heat insulation shielding layer 3.

[0091] like Figure 14 As shown, in this embodiment, the axial clamping unit 1 further includes a guiding mechanism, which includes a first guide cylinder 23 and a second guide cylinder 26. The first guide cylinder 23 is fixedly installed on the support plate 22 and is located at a position corresponding to the guide hole. Specifically, the first guide cylinder 23 is located on the side opposite to the support plate 22 and the second clamping plate 27, and the first guide cylinder 23 is connected to the guide hole. The second guide cylinder 26 is fixedly installed on the second clamping plate 27 and is located at a position corresponding to the first guide cylinder 23. One end of the guide post 24 is located inside the second guide cylinder 26, and the other end passes through the first guide cylinder 23, and its end passes through the guide hole, so that the support plate 22 can slide linearly along the length direction of the guide post 24.

[0092] Specifically, the first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26 have the same diameter, and the diameter of the first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26 is larger than the diameter of the guide post 24. The two ends of the second compression spring 25 are respectively disposed in the first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26. The first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26 are used to guide the second compression spring 25 and restrict the movement of the two ends of the second compression spring 25, prevent the second compression spring 25 from deviating outward, and avoid affecting the elastic force of the second compression spring 25.

[0093] Optionally, the support mechanism further comprises reinforcing ribs, the reinforcing ribs are provided in plurality, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals at the connecting part of the support column 21 and the support plate 22. In the embodiment, the reinforcing ribs are triangular, and the reinforcing ribs are specifically three, and the three reinforcing ribs are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support column 21 to increase the structural strength of the connecting part of the support column 21 and the support plate 22.

[0094] In the embodiment, the second pressing plate 27 adopts a cavity structure, the inside of the cavity structure is hollow, and the inside of the cavity is provided with a neutron absorbing material, and specifically, the neutron absorbing material is preferably boron carbide, which further absorbs neutrons and reduces the activation effect of neutrons on peripheral equipment.

[0095] In the embodiment, the second pressing plate 27 is provided with a plurality of perforations for the circulation of coolant, and the plurality of perforations are evenly distributed on the second pressing plate 27, and the hole shape and size of the perforations can be optimized according to the design of thermal hydraulic to make the coolant have the best flow state, such as Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the coolant enters from the side of the axial pressing unit 1, sequentially enters the support column 21, the support plate 22, the second pressing plate 27, the first heat insulation shielding layer 3 and the first reflecting layer 8 along the support column 21, the support plate 22 and the second pressing plate 27, and then cools the core in the first cavity.

[0096] As shown in the figure, Figure 15 In the embodiment, the shapes of the support plate 22 and the second pressing plate 27 are multi-toothed, and specifically, the number of teeth of the support plate 22 and the second pressing plate 27 is six. The support plate 22 and the second pressing plate 27 adopt the above shape and number, so that the plurality of second pressing plates 27 can be spliced with each other to obtain the same shape as the entire first heat insulation shielding layer 3, and then the plurality of second pressing plates 27 can completely cover the entire first heat insulation shielding layer 3.

[0097] In the embodiment, the guide column 24, the second guide cylinder 26, the second pressing spring 25 and the second pressing plate 27 can be designed as an integrated structure, so that the guide column 24 and the support plate 22 can be conveniently installed and disassembled by using special tools, and the second pressing spring 25 is convenient to overhaul. The support plate 22 and the support column 21 can be an integral structure or a separate structure, and the support plate 22 can be designed as a shape similar to the head of a pressure vessel, which can play a role in guiding the flow of coolant.

[0098] In the embodiment, the working process of the axial pressing unit 1 is as follows:

[0099] When the reactor is in cold state, after the installation of the in-core components in the reactor, the installation of the pressure vessel head is carried out. Since the axial compression unit 1 is fixed on the pressure vessel head through the support column 21, when the pressure vessel head is butted against the pressure vessel shell 69, the second compression spring is compressed, and the second compression spring 25 can only be deformed along the axial direction under the guidance of the guide column 24, the first guide cylinder 23 and the second guide cylinder 26, so that the in-core components are compressed along the axial direction under the compression force of the second compression spring 25,

[0100] When the reactor is running, the temperature in the reactor is continuously rising, the pressure vessel shell 69 in the reactor drives the axial compression assembly away from the first heat shielding layer 3 along the axial direction, and the structure of the in-core components tends to be loose. At this time, the compression amount of the second compression spring 25 is reduced, the second compression spring is elongated, but still can ensure a certain residual compression force. Under the action of the residual compression force, the second compression plate 27 can still be closely attached to the first heat shielding layer 3, so as to maintain the shape integrity of the in-core components, reduce the leakage of the coolant along the axial gap, and further maintain the normal operation of the reactor.

[0101] In the embodiment, the axial compression unit 1 effectively solves the problem of different expansion coefficients of the metal and the in-core component material at high temperature by arranging the guide column 24 and the second compression spring 25 between the support plate 22 and the second compression plate 27. When the reactor is running, if the deformation amount of the metal material is greater than that of the in-core component, the support plate 22 slides linearly along the guide column 24, the second compression spring 25 is elongated, and the compression amount is reduced, so as to eliminate the difference between the deformation amounts of the metal material and the in-core component. The residual compression force of the second compression spring 25 can still ensure that the second compression plate 27 always compresses the first heat shielding layer 3, so as to maintain the stability of the axial structure of the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor.

[0102] Moreover, the second compression plate 27 is a cavity structure with an inner cavity, which is filled with boron carbide neutron absorbing material, which can reduce the activation effect of neutrons on peripheral equipment; the axial compression assembly can ensure that the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor maintains a small gap between each layer in the axial direction, so as to minimize the leakage of the coolant between the axial layers of the reactor core.

[0103] In the embodiment, the materials of the first reflection layer 8, the second reflection layer 9, the first gas collection layer 10 and the second gas collection layer 11 are all nuclear-grade graphite; the materials of the first heat shielding layer 3, the second heat shielding layer 4, the third heat shielding layer 5, the fourth heat shielding layer 13, the fifth heat shielding layer 14 and the third gas collection layer 12 are all boron-containing carbon, which are located outside the reflection layer assembly, and are closely attached to and wrapped around the reflection layer assembly under the action of the axial compression assembly and the radial compression assembly.

[0104] The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in the embodiment is horizontally arranged, which can be applied to horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor, effectively reduces the size of vertical reactor in the height direction, realizes the function of vehicle transportation, and reduces the center of the reactor, thereby reducing the risk caused by earthquake. In order to solve the problem of unstable support structure of the gas collection chamber + support column of the vertical reactor in the prior art and the problem of coolant convergence, a three-layer convergence structure composed of multiple graphite bricks is used, the high temperature coolant flowing out of the reactor active zone is converged to the center layer by layer, and then is discharged from the exhaust pipe. The in-reactor component is a non-metallic structure composed of a graphite reflection layer and a boron-containing carbon layer, and a plurality of graphite blocks and carbon blocks are stacked to form a cavity with a cylindrical outer contour surrounding the reactor core. The axial compression assembly can effectively reduce the influence of horizontal axial acceleration on the shape integrity of the reactor core during vehicle transportation and normal operation, and can compress the cylindrical cavity and the core in the axial direction, and can compensate for the expansion difference between the metal structure and the non-metallic structure caused by high temperature. The radial compression assembly can effectively reduce the influence of horizontal lateral and vertical acceleration on the shape integrity of the reactor core during vehicle transportation and normal operation, and can compress the cylindrical cavity along the radial direction, maintain the structure of the cylindrical cavity, and also compensate for the expansion difference between the metal structure and the non-metallic structure caused by high temperature.

[0105] Embodiment 2

[0106] The embodiment discloses a horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor, which comprises a pressure vessel and a core, the pressure vessel comprises a pressure vessel shell 69 and a pressure vessel head, and further comprises the horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in-reactor component in the embodiment 1, the in-reactor component is arranged in the pressure vessel shell 69, and one end of the support column 21 is fixedly supported on the pressure vessel head.

[0107] In the embodiment, the horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor comprises a cylindrical pressure vessel shell 69, one end of which is an open end, and the pressure vessel head is used for closing the open end of the pressure vessel, the horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor is arranged horizontally, and the diameter of the in-reactor component is less than the diameter of the pressure vessel shell 69.

[0108] The horizontal high temperature gas cooled reactor in the embodiment adopts a horizontal structure for the first time, effectively reduces the size of the vertical reactor in the height direction, realizes the function of vehicle transportation, and reduces the center of the reactor, thereby reducing the risk caused by earthquake.

[0109] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted for illustrating the principles of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internal component, characterized in that, The internal components are arranged laterally, and include a reflective layer assembly, a heat insulation shielding layer assembly, and a gas collecting layer assembly. The reflective layer assembly is arranged horizontally, and a first cavity is formed inside it, in which the core is housed; The gas gathering layer assembly is located on one side of the reactor core. The gas gathering layer assembly has an internal converging structure that directs the coolant flowing through the reactor core towards the central axis of the gas gathering layer assembly. The heat insulation shielding layer assembly is sleeved on the outside of the reflective layer assembly and the gas collecting layer assembly; The gas gathering layer assembly includes N gas gathering layers, where N is a positive integer. When N is greater than 1, the gas gathering layers are arranged sequentially in a direction that gradually moves away from the reactor core. Each gas collecting layer is composed of multiple hexagonal prism blocks, and the converging structure includes N converging units respectively disposed in N gas collecting layers. Each collecting unit includes a through-hole and a groove. The groove in the same gas collecting layer communicates with the through-hole. The groove is a non-through groove and is arranged around the through-hole. The shape of the groove is designed to allow the coolant to converge towards the center of the gas collecting layer. When N is greater than 1, the through holes in different gas collecting layers are interconnected, and the through holes in the converging unit of the later gas collecting layer are closer to the central axis of the gas collecting layer assembly than the through holes in the converging unit of the previous gas collecting layer.

2. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas gathering layer assembly includes three gas gathering layers: a first gas gathering layer (10), a second gas gathering layer (11), and a third gas gathering layer (12). The first gas gathering layer (10), the second gas gathering layer (11), and the third gas gathering layer (12) are arranged and attached sequentially in the direction away from the reactor core. The hexagonal prism blocks in the first gas gathering layer (10), the second gas gathering layer (11), and the third gas gathering layer (12) are respectively a first hexagonal prism block, a second hexagonal prism block, and a third hexagonal prism block. Accordingly, the convergence structure includes three convergence units, namely a first convergence unit, a second convergence unit, and a third convergence unit, which are respectively disposed in the first gas collecting layer (10), the second gas collecting layer (11), and the third gas collecting layer (12). The number of the first gathering units is equal to the number of the first hexagonal prism blocks, and each first hexagonal prism block contains one first gathering unit. Each first converging unit includes a first through-hole (105) and a plurality of radial grooves (110). The first through-hole (105) is located at the center of the first hexagonal prism block. The plurality of radial grooves (110) are arranged around the first through-hole (105) in the first hexagonal prism block. One end of each radial groove (110) is connected to the first through-hole (105), and the other end extends outward. The radial grooves (110) do not penetrate the first hexagonal prism block, so that the coolant flowing out from the core flows into the radial grooves (110) and the input end of the first through-hole (105) of the first gas collecting layer (10), and finally converges in the first through-hole (105), and then flows out from the output end of the first through-hole (105), thereby completing the first convergence of the coolant. The second converging unit includes a second through hole (106) and a first connecting groove (111). The second through hole (106) is located at the center of the second hexagonal prism block. The second through hole (106) is located on the second hexagonal prism block located in the central region and communicates with the first through hole (105). The first connecting groove (111) is located on the second hexagonal prism block located outside the central region and does not penetrate the second hexagonal prism block. The second hexagonal prism block located outside the central region communicates with the second through hole (106) through the first connecting groove (111), so that the coolant from the first gas collecting layer (10) flows in from the input end of the second through hole (106) and the first connecting groove (111), converges to the second through hole (106), and then flows out from the output end of the second through hole (106), thereby completing the second convergence of the coolant. The third converging unit includes a third through hole (107), a fourth through hole (108), a converging hole (116), an annular groove (113), a second connecting groove (112), a third connecting groove (114), and a fourth connecting groove (115). On the side of the third gas collecting layer (12) near the second gas collecting layer (11), the outermost third hexagonal prism block (102) of the third gas collecting layer (12) corresponds in position to the outermost second hexagonal prism block (101) in the central region of the second gas collecting layer (11). A third through hole (107) is located at the center of the third hexagonal prism block (103) located in the inner layer of the outermost layer of the third gas collecting layer (12), and the third through holes (107) are spaced apart on the third hexagonal prism block of this layer. The annular groove (113) is arranged along the circumference of the third hexagonal prism block of this layer. The third through holes (107) are interconnected. The second connecting groove (112) is located on the third hexagonal prism layer outside the annular groove (113). The third hexagonal prism block (102) located on the outermost layer of the third gas collection layer (12) is connected to the third through hole (107) or the annular groove (113) through the second connecting groove (112). A fourth through hole (108) is opened on the third hexagonal prism block located in the central region of the third gas collection layer (12). The fourth through hole (108) is located at the center of the third hexagonal prism block in the central region of the third gas collection layer (12). On the side of the third gas collecting layer (12) away from the second gas collecting layer (11), a converging hole (116) is provided at the center of the innermost third hexagonal prism block (104) in the central region. The converging hole (116) does not penetrate the third hexagonal prism block. The output end of the third through hole (107) is connected to the output end of the fourth through hole (108) through the third connecting groove (114). The output end of the fourth through hole (108) is connected to the converging hole (116) through the fourth connecting groove (115). The coolant in the second gas collection layer (11) flows in from the input ends of the third through hole (107) and the fourth through hole (108), as well as the second connecting groove (112) and the annular groove (113), and then flows out from the output ends of the third through hole (107) and the fourth through hole (108). Finally, it flows along the third connecting groove (114) and the fourth connecting groove (115) into the converging hole (116), thus completing the third convergence of the coolant.

3. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reflective layer assembly includes a first reflective layer (8) and a second reflective layer (9). The second reflective layer (9) is arranged laterally and forms an annular shell structure, with the first cavity formed inside. The first reflective layer (8) is composed of multiple fourth hexagonal prism blocks. The first reflective layer (8) is located inside the second reflective layer (9) and is positioned opposite to the gas collecting layer assembly on both sides of the reactor core. The first gas collecting layer (10) and the second gas collecting layer (11) are located inside the second reflective layer (9).

4. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second reflective layer (9) is a cylindrical shell structure. The second reflective layer (9) is provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of second reflective layers (9) are arranged sequentially in the transverse direction to jointly form the cylindrical shell structure.

5. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each set of second reflective layers (9) is made up of multiple fan-shaped blocks spliced ​​together along the circumference. The two sets of second reflective layers (9) are staggered and attached to form a seam structure.

6. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 5, characterized in that, In the same group of second reflective layers (9), a first keyway (17) is provided on the side of one sector block, and a corresponding first protrusion is provided on another adjacent sector block. The first protrusion engages with the first keyway (17) to prevent the second reflective layer (9) from moving away from the central axis of the first cavity. A second keyway (18) is provided between the bottoms of two adjacent sector blocks located in the same group of second reflective layers (9), and a corresponding second protrusion is provided on the inner wall of the pressure vessel. The second protrusion engages with the second keyway (18) to prevent the internal components of the reactor from rotating.

7. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat insulation shielding layer assembly includes a first heat insulation shielding layer (3), a second heat insulation shielding layer (4), and a third heat insulation shielding layer (5). The first heat-insulating shielding layer (3) and the second heat-insulating shielding layer (4) are attached to the outer end face of the second reflective layer (9), and the second heat-insulating shielding layer (4) surrounds the outside of the first heat-insulating shielding layer (3). The first heat-insulating shielding layer (3) is attached to the outer end face of the first reflective layer (8), and the second heat-insulating shielding layer (4) is attached to the outer end face of the second reflective layer (9). The third heat insulation shielding layer (5) is attached to the outer wall of the second reflective layer (9).

8. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first heat insulation shielding layer (3) is composed of multiple fifth hexagonal prism blocks. The second heat insulation shielding layer (4) is a ring structure composed of multiple fan-shaped blocks spliced ​​together along the circumferential direction. The interior of the third heat insulation shielding layer (5) adopts a structure that is compatible with the second reflective layer (9).

9. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 8, characterized in that, The heat insulation shielding layer assembly further includes a fourth heat insulation shielding layer (13) and a fifth heat insulation shielding layer (14). The fifth heat insulation shielding layer (14) is disposed at the end of the second reflective layer (9) and is attached to the outer end face of the end of the second reflective layer (9) away from the first reflective layer (8). A second cavity is formed inside the second reflective layer, and the first cavity and the second cavity are interconnected. The third gas collecting layer (12) and the fourth heat insulation shield layer (13) are disposed in the second cavity, and the fourth heat insulation shield layer (13) is disposed on the outside of the third gas collecting layer (12). The side of the third gas collecting layer (12) away from the second gas collecting layer (11) is in contact with the fourth heat insulation shield layer (13).

10. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fifth heat insulation shielding layer (14) is a ring structure formed by splicing together multiple fan-shaped blocks. The fourth heat insulation shield layer (13) is composed of multiple sixth hexagonal prism blocks. The center of the fourth heat insulation shield layer (13) is provided with a fifth through hole (109). The diameter of the fifth through hole (109) on the side closer to the third gas collecting layer (12) is smaller than the diameter on the side farther away from the third gas collecting layer (12), and the diameter on the side closer to the third gas collecting layer (12) is the same as the diameter of the converging hole (116). The converging hole (116) is connected to the fifth through hole (109).

11. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 10, characterized in that, It also includes a fixing plate (15), the outer diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the fifth heat insulation shield (14). The fifth heat insulation shield (14) is fixed on the fixing plate (15), and multiple waist holes are spaced apart on the circumference of the fixing plate (15) on the outer side of the fifth heat insulation shield (14). The gas collection layer assembly further includes an exhaust unit (16), which includes a first exhaust pipe and a second exhaust pipe. The first exhaust pipe is disposed within the fifth through hole (109), and the second exhaust pipe is located inside the first exhaust pipe and is concentrically disposed with the first exhaust pipe. The diameter of the second exhaust pipe is smaller than that of the first exhaust pipe, and an annular gap is formed between the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe. The coolant flowing out from the gas collection layer assembly flows out from the output end of the second exhaust pipe to the external heat exchange assembly. After heat exchange, the coolant flows along the annular gap to the edge of the fixed plate (15) and flows into the pressure vessel outside the third heat insulation shield (5) through the waist hole of the fixed plate (15). Finally, it enters the first inner cavity through the inner hole of the first heat insulation shield (3) and the inner hole of the first reflective layer (8), thereby completing the circulation of the coolant.

12. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 11, characterized in that, It also includes a control rod channel, which includes a sixth through hole (117) and a seventh through hole (118). The sixth through hole is opened on the second heat insulation shielding layer (4), and the seventh through hole is opened on the second reflective layer (9). The sixth through hole (117) and the seventh through hole (118) are interconnected to form a control rod channel.

13. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a clamping component. The clamping assembly includes a radial clamping unit (6). The radial clamping unit (6) includes a flange (64), a clamping mechanism, and a first clamping plate (61). The flange is inserted into the pressure vessel shell (69), and the insertion end of the flange (64) passes through the pressure vessel shell (69). The flange (64) has a mounting hole in the middle. The clamping mechanism includes a first clamping spring (66), a first clamping block (65), a second clamping block (67), and a clamping adjusting nut (68). The clamping adjusting nut (68), the second clamping block (67), and the first clamping block (65) are sequentially clamped into the mounting hole from top to bottom. The clamping adjusting nut (68) is threaded into the mounting hole. The first clamping spring (66) is sandwiched between the first clamping block (65) and the second clamping block (67). One end of the first clamping spring (66) abuts against the second clamping block (67), and the other end abuts against the first clamping block (65). The lower part of the first clamping block (65) extends out of the mounting hole and is connected to one radial side of the first clamping plate (61) for clamping the first clamping plate (61), the other radial side of the first clamping plate (61) contacting the outer wall of the reflective layer assembly.

14. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals according to claim 13, characterized in that, The clamping assembly further includes an axial clamping unit (1). The axial clamping unit (1) includes a support mechanism, an elastic mechanism, and a second clamping plate (27). The support mechanism includes a support column (21) and a support plate (22). One end of the support column (21) is fixedly connected to the support plate (22), and the other end abuts against the pressure vessel head. The second clamping plate (27) is arranged parallel to and opposite to the support plate (22), and is located on the side of the support plate (22) away from the support column (21). The second clamping plate (27) is in contact with the end face of the reflective layer assembly. The elastic mechanism includes a guide post (24) and a second compression spring (25). The support plate (22) is provided with a guide hole. One end of the guide post (24) is fixedly installed on the second compression plate (27). The other end of the guide post (24) passes through the guide hole on the support plate (22). The second compression spring (25) is sleeved on the guide post (24) and is in a compressed state. Its two ends abut against the support plate (22) and the second compression plate (27) respectively.

15. A horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, comprising a pressure vessel and a horizontal reactor core, wherein the pressure vessel includes a pressure vessel shell (69), characterized in that, It also includes the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals as described in any one of claims 1-14. The horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals are disposed inside the pressure vessel shell (69), and the horizontal reactor core is disposed inside the first cavity of the horizontal high-temperature gas-cooled reactor internals.

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