Air suction seeding device

Abstract

The present invention discloses an air-suction seeding device, including a seeding device housing, a built-in fan, a driving motor, a transmission intermediate wheel, a transmission internal gear, a transmission intermediate wheel bearing, a closed-wind grinding block assembly, a seeding disc and a seeding device cover. The air-suction seeding device described in the present invention has a shaftless design for the seeding device and a built-in fan. The seeding device housing is both a bellows of the fan and a negative pressure chamber of the seeding device. The motor directly drives the inner gear ring, so that it has a deceleration function. The air-suction seeding disc adopts a cup cover structure and is installed without a shaft. The seeding disc can seed forward and sideways, which solves the problem of matching with a CNC seeding host. The whole machine is easy to repair and maintain, the sowing mode is easy to change, the adaptability to the size and specific gravity of the seed grains is strong, and the advantages of reducing seed grain breakage and reducing the missed sowing rate are improved. The efficiency of farmland operations is improved, and the increase in crop yield and income is achieved, which is of great significance to the development of large-scale high-precision agriculture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an air suction type seed metering device. Background Art

[0002] The air-suction seed meter is a kind of agricultural machinery. As a large agricultural country, my country has a large proportion of grain, vegetables and oil crops, among which many crops need precise sowing, such as corn, soybean, sorghum, cotton, rapeseed, cabbage and peanuts, which are typical crops that need precise sowing. At present, the seeding methods of the seeder are divided into spoon type, finger clamp spoon clamp type, air suction type and air blowing type. Although the sowing speed and sowing accuracy have been greatly improved compared with the traditional sowing method, with the continuous development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for the manufacturing process of the air-suction seed meter.

[0003] The existing seeding devices have certain drawbacks when in use, and there are still certain defects in performance and structure. For example, the spoon seeding device is not suitable for high-speed sowing and has poor anti-vibration ability. The finger-clip type and spoon-clip type seeding devices are better than the spoon seeding device in sowing speed and sowing accuracy, but there is a big gap in performance with the air-suction type seeding device. The wear between the parts in the mechanical structure of the finger-clip type and spoon-clip type seeding devices is relatively serious, the required drive unit has a large power, the replacement and maintenance of parts are relatively cumbersome, the transmission mechanism is complex, and the power transmission jitter caused by the large number of power speed levels will directly affect the sowing accuracy of the seeding device. The air-suction seeding device has the best performance among these seeding devices, and the air-suction seeding device also has its application limitations! The supporting agricultural machinery required is large in power and is not suitable for small horsepower agricultural machinery. There are many types of air-suction seeding devices in terms of mechanical structure, but they are all driven by shafts. The seeding device with shafts cannot reasonably install the air suction mechanism and drive mechanism, and it does not have the deceleration ability itself, and cannot be directly driven by the power execution unit (motor) of the CNC seeding machine! (The characteristics of the driving motor are high speed and low torque). With the progress and development of science and technology and agricultural technology, agricultural production is moving towards standardization, large-scale, precision and numerical control. The seed meter is the main working part of the seed drill, and its performance directly affects the operation efficiency and seeding accuracy of the seed drill. The traditional tillage and sowing mode is no longer suitable for the development of agriculture towards large-scale and high-precision, and the traditional tillage and sowing mode is bound to be eliminated in the future! And usher in a new era of numerical control of agricultural equipment. For this reason, we propose an air suction seed meter. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides an air-suction seed metering device. The seed metering device has a shaftless design and a built-in fan. The shell of the seed metering device is both a bellows of the fan and a negative pressure chamber of the seed metering device. The motor directly drives the inner gear ring so that it has a deceleration function. The air-suction seed metering disk adopts a cup cover structure and is installed without a shaft. The seed metering disk can seed forward and sideways, which solves the problem of matching with a CNC seeding host. The whole machine is easy to repair and maintain, the seeding mode is easy to change, and it has strong adaptability to the size and specific gravity of the seed grains, reduces seed breakage and reduces the missed seeding rate, etc., which improves the farmland operation efficiency, achieves increased crop yields and increased incomes, is of great significance to the development of large-scale high-precision agriculture, and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an air-suction seed meter, including a seed meter housing, a built-in fan, a drive motor, a transmission intermediate wheel, a transmission internal gear, a transmission intermediate wheel bearing, a closed-wind grinding block combination, a seed meter disc and a seed meter cover, the seed meter housing is provided with a mounting hole connected to the frame, a mounting hole connected to the seed box, a transmission intermediate wheel bearing seat, a closed-wind grinding block slot, a transmission gear hole, a built-in fan seat, an air hole, a bearing fixing hole, a seed meter cover fixing hole and a drive motor mounting hole.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the built-in fan is installed in the built-in fan seat of the seed metering device and communicated with the negative pressure chamber through the wind hole, or an air guide elbow is installed in the built-in fan seat and connected to the seeding machine fan through an air suction pipeline.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the drive motor is installed on the drive motor mounting hole of the seed meter housing, and the gear on the motor shaft engages with the transmission internal gear through the transmission gear hole. The number of teeth of the gear is designed according to the required speed ratio, or an ordinary transmission mechanism is installed on the drive motor mounting hole to enhance the versatility of the seed meter.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a bearing stop is provided on the outer side of the inner hole of the transmission intermediate wheel, an inner gear ring mounting seat is provided on the inner side of the inner hole of the transmission intermediate wheel, four inner gear ring fixing holes are provided on the inner side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel, four seed disc axial keys and circumferential locking keys or quick-change pins are provided on the outer side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel, a T-shaped sealing rubber ring is provided on the outer side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel, and the T-shaped sealing rubber ring is used for sealing between the transmission intermediate wheel and the seed disc.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the transmission intermediate wheel bearing supports and fixes the transmission intermediate wheel to rotate in the seed meter housing, and is also used for mechanical sealing between the negative pressure chamber and the internal gear chamber. A rubber-covered deep groove bearing is provided and installed between the inner hole bearing stop of the transmission intermediate wheel and the bearing seat in the seed meter housing.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the transmission internal gear transmits the power of the driving motor to the position of the transmission intermediate wheel. The outer circle of the transmission internal gear is provided with four transmission intermediate wheel mounting positioning holes. The transmission internal gear is installed on the gear mounting seat inside the inner hole of the transmission intermediate wheel. Spur gears or helical gears as well as the number of teeth and module can be customized according to needs.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the seed suction holes on the seed disc carry the seeds and lose pressure when they rotate to the closed-wind grinding block combination, and the seeds fall into the seed groove by their own gravity due to the loss of pressure. One type is the closed-wind grinding block combination for seeding on the front of the seed disc, and the other type is the closed-wind grinding block combination for seeding on the side of the seed disc. The closed-wind grinding block combination includes three parts: a closed-wind grinding block, a compression spring and a closed-wind grinding block seat, which are installed in the closed-wind grinding block slot in the seeding device shell and fixed by bolts.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the inner side of the outer circle of the seed disc is provided with four L-shaped mounting grooves connected to the transmission intermediate wheel, the outer circle of the seed disc is provided with air suction holes, i.e., a front seed disc, and the side of the seed disc is provided with air suction holes, i.e., a side seed disc.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the seed metering device outer cover, the seeding disk and the seed metering device shell form a seed filling chamber, and the seed filling chamber is made of transparent material, which is convenient for observing the internal working condition of the seed metering device. The seed metering device outer cover is provided with a seed scraping mechanism, a seed unloading port and a seed population adjustment plate, a seed inlet and a seed discharge port connected to the seed box, and a mounting hole connected to the seed metering device shell.

[0016] (III) Beneficial effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an air-suction seeding device, which has the following beneficial effects: the air-suction seeding device has a shaftless design and a built-in fan. The shell of the seeding device is both a bellows of the fan and a negative pressure chamber of the seeding device. The motor directly drives the inner gear ring, so that it has a deceleration function. The air-suction seeding disc adopts a cup cover structure and is installed without a shaft. The seeding disc can discharge seeds in the forward direction and sideways, which solves the problem of matching with the CNC seeding host. The whole machine is easy to repair and maintain, the sowing mode is simple to change, and the adaptability to the size and specific gravity of the seed grains is strong. The advantages of reducing seed grain damage and reducing the missed seeding rate are improved, the farmland operation efficiency is improved, and the increase in crop yield and income is achieved. It is of great significance to the development of large-scale high-precision agriculture. It not only has the performance of traditional air-suction seeding devices that can operate at high speed, does not damage seeds, and has a low missed seeding rate, but also the miniaturization of the seeding device can be used independently with small horsepower agricultural machinery without relying on a high-power fan. The shaftless structure of the seeding device enables the built-in fan and the drive motor to reasonably adjust the installation position on the seeding device shell. The internal gear ring transmission is used to make the seeding device itself have a deceleration function. This design is more suitable for use with low-power, high-speed, and low-torque CNC drive mechanisms, eliminating the need for external deceleration mechanisms. The shaftless structural design reduces the number of mechanical seals between the components. This seeding device only has mechanical seals generated by the rubber covers at both ends of the bearing and the inner sleeve of the bearing. It has a simple structure and high airtightness. Compared with the shaft-mounted single-piece disc, the cup cover structure of the seeding disc has extremely small axial and radial deformation during operation, and is simpler and faster to repair and replace than a single-piece disc seeding disc;

[0018] 1. The air-suction seed metering device of the present application adopts a modular design and has a reasonable structure. It can be used with most seed drills on the market, has strong versatility, is simple and reliable to operate, and is easy to maintain and repair.

[0019] 2. The air-suction seed metering device of the present application has a stronger adaptability to seed size and specific gravity, thereby reducing the missed seeding rate.

[0020] 3. The air-suction seed metering device of the present application adopts a shaftless structure and can be equipped with a built-in fan, so that the seed metering device is miniaturized and can be used independently. The shaftless structure enables the built-in fan and drive motor to be reasonably installed on the seed metering device housing.

[0021] 4. The air-suction seed metering device of the present application adopts an internal gear ring transmission, so that the seed metering device itself has the ability to reduce speed. This design is more suitable for use with a small-power, high-speed, and small-torque CNC drive mechanism, eliminating the need for an external reduction mechanism.

[0022] 5. The seeding disc of the air-suction seeding device of the present application adopts a cup cover structure, which can discharge seeds sideways and frontally. During operation, the seeding disc is affected by factors such as external temperature and has little deformation of the overall structure. The entire air-suction seeding device has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and has better effect than traditional methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The present invention is a general assembly diagram of a pneumatic seed metering device.

[0024] Figure 2 The present invention discloses a general assembly diagram of a mid-side air-suction seed metering device.

[0025] Figure 3 The present invention discloses an exploded view of a pneumatic seed metering device.

[0026] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of a shell of an air-suction type seed metering device.

[0027] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of the back side of a shell of an air-suction type seed metering device.

[0028] Figure 6 The present invention is a cross-sectional view of the general assembly of a pneumatic seed metering device.

[0029] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission intermediate wheel in an air suction type seed metering device.

[0030] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission intermediate wheel assembly structure in an air suction type seed metering device.

[0031] Fig. 9 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a seeding disc for side seeding in an air-suction seeding device.

[0032] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a seeding disc for seeding in an air-suction seeding device.

[0033] Fig.11 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a side seed metering device outer cover of an air suction seed metering device.

[0034] Fig.12 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an outer cover of a positive seed metering device in an air suction seed metering device.

[0035] Fig.13 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a side seed discharge air-closed grinding block combination in an air-suction seed metering device.

[0036] Fig.14 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a positive seeding closed-wind grinding block combination in an air suction type seeding device.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Seeder housing; 2. Built-in fan; 3. Driving motor; 4. Transmission intermediate wheel; 5. Transmission internal gear; 6. Transmission intermediate wheel bearing; 7. Air-tight grinding block assembly; 8. Seeder disc; 9. Seeder cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical scheme of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following described embodiments are part of embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. If specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to normal conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer is not specified in the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] like Figure 1-14As shown, an air suction type seed meter includes a seed meter housing 1, a built-in fan 2, a driving motor 3, a transmission intermediate wheel 4, a transmission internal gear 5, a transmission intermediate wheel bearing 6, a closed wind grinding block assembly 7, a seeding disc 8 and a seed meter outer cover 9. The seed meter housing 1 is provided with a mounting hole connected to a frame, a mounting hole connected to a seed box, a transmission intermediate wheel bearing seat, a closed wind grinding block slot, a transmission gear hole, a built-in fan seat, an air hole, a bearing fixing hole, a seed meter outer cover fixing hole and a driving motor mounting hole. The seed meter has a shaftless design and a built-in fan. The seed meter housing is both a bellows of the fan and a negative pressure chamber of the seed meter. The motor directly drives the inner gear ring to make it automatically The air-suction seeding disc has a deceleration function. The air-suction seeding disc adopts a cup cover structure and is installed without a shaft. The seeding disc can discharge seeds in the forward and sideways directions, which solves the problem of matching with the CNC seeding host. The whole machine is easy to repair and maintain, and the sowing mode is easy to change. It has strong adaptability to the size and specific gravity of the seeds, reduces seed damage and reduces the rate of missed seeding, etc., which improves the efficiency of farmland operations and achieves increased crop yields and incomes. It is of great significance to the development of large-scale high-precision agriculture. It not only has the performance of traditional air-suction seeding devices that can operate at high speed, not damage seeds, and have a low rate of missed seeding, but also has the miniaturization of the seeding device, which can be used independently with small-horsepower agricultural machinery without relying on high-power fans. The shaftless structure of the seeding device enables the built-in fan and drive motor to reasonably adjust the installation position on the seeding device housing. The use of an internal gear ring transmission makes the seeding device itself have a deceleration function. This design is more suitable for the use of CNC drive mechanisms with low power, high speed, and low torque, eliminating the need for external deceleration mechanisms. The shaftless structure design reduces the number of mechanical seals between components. This seeding device only has mechanical seals generated by the rubber covers at both ends of the bearing and the inner sleeve of the bearing, with a simple structure and high air tightness. Compared with the shaft-mounted single disc, the cup cover structure of the seeding disc has extremely small axial and radial deformation during operation, and is simpler and faster to repair and replace than a single disc seeding disc.

[0042] Furthermore, the built-in fan 2 is installed in the built-in fan seat of the seed metering device and communicated with the negative pressure chamber through the air hole, or an air guide elbow is installed in the built-in fan seat and connected to the seeding machine fan through an air suction pipeline.

[0043] Furthermore, the drive motor 3 is installed on the drive motor mounting hole of the seed meter housing 1, and the gear on the motor shaft engages with the transmission internal gear 5 through the transmission gear hole. The number of teeth of the gear is designed according to the required speed ratio, or an ordinary transmission mechanism is installed on the drive motor mounting hole to enhance the versatility of the seed meter.

[0044] Furthermore, a bearing stop is provided on the outer side of the inner hole of the transmission intermediate wheel 4, an inner gear ring mounting seat is provided on the inner side of the inner hole of the transmission intermediate wheel 4, four inner gear ring fixing holes are provided on the inner side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel 4, four seed disc axial keys and circumferential locking keys or quick-change pins are provided on the outer side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel 4, a T-shaped sealing rubber ring is provided on the outer side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel 4, and the T-shaped sealing rubber ring is used for sealing between the transmission intermediate wheel 4 and the seed disc 8.

[0045] Furthermore, the transmission intermediate wheel bearing 6 supports and fixes the transmission intermediate wheel 4 to rotate in the seed meter housing 1, and is also used for mechanical sealing between the negative pressure chamber and the internal gear chamber. A rubber-covered deep groove bearing is provided and installed between the inner hole bearing stop of the transmission intermediate wheel 4 and the bearing seat in the seed meter housing 1.

[0046] Furthermore, the transmission internal gear 5 transmits the power of the driving motor 3 to the position of the transmission intermediate gear 4. The outer circle of the transmission internal gear 5 is provided with four transmission intermediate gear 4 mounting positioning holes. The transmission internal gear 5 is installed on the gear mounting seat inside the inner hole of the transmission intermediate gear 4. The spur gear or helical gear as well as the number of teeth and module can be customized according to needs.

[0047] Furthermore, when the seed suction holes on the seeding disc 8 carry the seeds and rotate to the closed-wind grinding block combination 7, the pressure is lost, and the seeds fall into the seed groove by their own gravity due to the loss of pressure. One type is the closed-wind grinding block combination for seeding on the front of the seeding disc, and the other type is the closed-wind grinding block combination for seeding on the side of the seeding disc. The closed-wind grinding block combination 7 includes three parts: a closed-wind grinding block, a compression spring and a closed-wind grinding block seat, which are installed in the closed-wind grinding block slot in the seeding device housing 1 and fixed by bolts.

[0048] Furthermore, four L-shaped mounting grooves connected to the transmission intermediate wheel 4 are provided on the inner side of the outer circle of the seeding disk 8. The air suction holes are opened on the outer circle of the seeding disk 8, that is, the seeding disk for front seeding. The air suction holes are opened on the side of the seeding disk 8, that is, the seeding disk for side seeding.

[0049] Furthermore, the seeding device outer cover 9 forms a seed filling chamber with the seeding disk 8 and the seeding device shell 1. The seed filling chamber is made of transparent material, which is convenient for observing the internal working condition of the seeding device. The seeding device outer cover 9 is provided with a seed scraping mechanism, a seed unloading port and a seed population adjustment plate, a seed inlet and a seed discharge port connected to the seed box, and a mounting hole connected to the seeding device shell 1. Example

[0050] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the shell of the seed metering device seat is provided with mounting holes for connecting with the frame, mounting holes for connecting with the seed box, a transmission intermediate wheel bearing seat, a wind-blocking grinding block slot, a transmission gear hole, a built-in fan seat, an air hole bearing fixing hole, a seed metering device cover fixing hole, and a drive motor mounting hole.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, the seeding device can be miniaturized and used independently, and the built-in fan 2 is installed in the built-in fan seat of the seeding device, and communicated with the negative pressure chamber through the air hole 7. The negative pressure chamber is an internal cavity composed of the seeding device housing 1, the transmission intermediate wheel bearing 6, the transmission intermediate wheel 4 and the seeding disc, wherein the sealing rubber covers at both ends of the transmission intermediate wheel bearing 6 are used as the mechanical seal of the negative pressure chamber. Or an air guide elbow is installed in the built-in fan seat, which is connected to the seeding machine fan through an air suction pipeline. One end of the air guide elbow has a flange plate with the same size as the bellows of the built-in fan 2, and the other end is a pipe head with the same size as the pipeline of the seeding machine.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the drive motor 3 is installed on the drive motor mounting hole 10 of the seeding device housing 1, and the gear on the motor shaft engages with the transmission internal gear 5 through the transmission gear hole 5, and the drive motor power is then transmitted to the seeding disc through the transmission intermediate wheel. The number of teeth of the gear is designed according to the required speed ratio. Or a common transmission mechanism is installed on the drive motor mounting hole 10 to enhance the versatility of the seeding device.

[0053] like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the transmission intermediate wheel 4 is used to transmit the power of the driving motor and the seeding disc. A bearing stop is provided on the outer side of the inner hole of the intermediate wheel 4, an inner gear ring mounting seat is provided on the inner side of the inner hole of the intermediate wheel 4, four inner gear ring fixing holes are provided on the inner side of the outer circle of the intermediate wheel 4, four seeding disc axial clamping keys and circumferential locking key quick-change clamping pins are provided on the outer side of the outer circle of the intermediate wheel 4, and a T-shaped sealing rubber ring groove is provided on the outer side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel 4. The T-shaped sealing rubber ring is used to seal between the transmission intermediate wheel 4 and the seeding disc 8. See Figure 3 The transmission intermediate wheel bearing 6 supports and fixes the transmission intermediate wheel 4 to rotate in the seed meter housing, and is also used for mechanical sealing between the negative pressure chamber and the internal gear chamber. The customized rubber cover deep groove bearing is installed between the inner hole bearing block of the transmission intermediate wheel 4 and the bearing seat in the seed meter housing. Figure 6 The transmission internal gear 5 is used to transmit the power of the driving motor 3 to the transmission intermediate wheel. Its characteristics are as follows: the outer circle of the gear is provided with four positioning holes for mounting with the transmission intermediate wheel 4. The transmission internal gear 5 is mounted on the gear mounting seat inside the inner hole of the transmission intermediate wheel 4. The spur gear or helical gear and the number of teeth and module can be customized according to the needs. When assembling the above three components, first install the bearing to the inner bearing block of the transmission intermediate wheel, then install the internal gear to the inner gear seat of the transmission intermediate wheel, fix the internal gear with four top screws, and then install the combination of the three components on the bearing seat in the housing of the seed meter, and tighten the inner sleeve of the bearing with three bolts.

[0054] The function of the closed-air grinding block combination 7 is that when the seed suction hole on the seeding disc carries the seed particles and rotates to the closed-air grinding block, the pressure is lost, and the seed particles fall into the seed groove by their own gravity due to the pressure loss. One type is the closed-air grinding block combination for positive seeding of the seeding disc, and the other type is the closed-air grinding block combination for side seeding of the seeding disc. The closed-air grinding block combination includes three parts: a closed-air grinding block compression spring and a closed-air grinding block seat, which are installed in the closed-air grinding block slot 4 in the seeding device housing 1 and fixed with bolts. The first type of closed-air grinding block combination for positive seeding adopts a slider structure, and the closed-air grinding block is connected to the mounting seat by a sliding groove. The closed-air grinding block can only slide radially on the mounting seat. A pressure spring is provided in the inner cavity between the closed-air grinding block and the mounting seat. The closed-air grinding block closes the inner circular air suction hole of the seeding disc under the action of the pressure spring. When the air suction hole carries the adsorbed seed particles and rotates to the closed-air grinding block position, the seed particles will lose pressure and fall by their own gravity to complete the seeding. The second type is a side-discharge seeding and closed-wind grinding block combination, where two pins are provided on the surface of the closed-wind grinding block opposite to the mounting seat, and two holes are opened on the surface of the mounting seat opposite to the closed-wind grinding block, which are consistent with the center distance of the closed-wind grinding block pins. The hole diameter is slightly larger than the pin diameter, and pressure springs are provided in the two holes. The two closed-wind grinding block pins are inserted into the two mounting seat holes, and the closed-wind grinding block can only slide axially on the mounting seat. The closed-wind grinding block closes the air suction hole in the seeding disc under the action of the pressure spring. When the air suction hole carries the adsorbed seeds and rotates to the position of the closed-wind grinding block, the seeds will lose pressure and fall by their own gravity to complete the seeding.

[0055] See Fig. 9 , Fig.10 The air suction holes of the seeding disc 8 complete the absorption of seed particles in the seed filling chamber under the action of negative pressure, and the seeds are rotated to the closed-wind grinding block position for seeding. The cup cover structure is adopted, and the seeding disc is slightly deformed under the influence of external factors such as temperature during operation. Four L-shaped mounting grooves connected to the transmission intermediate wheel 4 are arranged on the inner side of the outer circle of the seeding disc. The openings of the four L-shaped mounting grooves of the seeding disc face the four pins of the transmission intermediate wheel and push them in, then rotate clockwise until the locking key quick-change card pin is inserted into the opening, completing the axial and circumferential locking installation of the seeding disc on the transmission intermediate wheel. The seeding disc with air suction holes on the outer circle is the seeding disc for positive seeding, and the seeding disc with air suction holes on the side is the seeding disc for side seeding.

[0056] See Fig.10 , Fig.11 The seeding device cover 9, the seeding disc and the seeding device shell form a seed filling chamber, which is characterized by being made of transparent material, which is convenient for observing the internal working conditions of the seeding device. The seeding device cover 9 is provided with a seed scraping mechanism, a seed discharge port and a seed population adjustment plate, a seed inlet and a seed discharge port connected to the seed box, and a mounting hole connected to the seeding device shell.

[0057] Working principle: the present invention comprises a seeding device housing 1, a built-in fan 2, a driving motor 3, a transmission intermediate wheel 4, a transmission internal gear 5, a transmission intermediate wheel bearing 6, a closed-wind grinding block assembly 7, a seeding disk 8, and a seeding device cover 9. The seeding device has a shaftless design and a built-in fan. The seeding device housing is both a bellows of the fan and a negative pressure chamber of the seeding device. The motor directly drives the inner gear ring, so that it has a deceleration function. The air-suction seeding disk adopts a cup cover structure and is installed without a shaft. The seeding disk can seed forward and sideways, which solves the problem of matching with a CNC seeding host. The whole machine is easy to repair and maintain, and the sowing mode is easy to change. It has strong adaptability to the size and specific gravity of the seeds, reduces seed breakage and reduces the omission rate, etc., improves the farmland operation efficiency, achieves increased crop yield and income, and is of great significance to the development of large-scale high-precision agriculture. It not only has the performance of traditional air-suction seeding devices that can operate at high speed, does not damage seeds, and has a low omission rate, but also the miniaturization of the seeding device can be used independently with small-horsepower agricultural machinery without relying on a high-power fan. The shaftless structure of the seeding device allows the built-in fan and drive motor to be reasonably adjusted on the housing of the seeding device. The internal gear ring transmission is used to make the seeding device itself have a deceleration function. This design is more suitable for the use of low-power, high-speed, and low-torque CNC drive mechanisms, eliminating the need for external deceleration mechanisms. The shaftless structural design reduces the number of mechanical seals between the various components. This seeding device only has mechanical seals generated by the rubber covers at both ends of the bearing and the inner sleeve of the bearing, with a simple structure and high airtightness. Compared with the shaft-mounted single-piece disc, the cup cover structure of the seeding disc has extremely small axial and radial deformation during operation, and is simpler and faster to repair and replace than a single-piece disc seeding disc.

[0058] Driving principle: The motor gear drives the inner gear ring installed on the transmission intermediate wheel to rotate. The inner gear ring is embedded in the transmission intermediate wheel, and the seed disc is connected to the pin on the transmission intermediate wheel through the slot. The inner gear ring will synchronously transmit the power to the seed disc through the transmission intermediate wheel to make it rotate (the principle of ordinary transmission mechanism is the same).

[0059] Seeder air suction principle: The air negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber of the seeder is provided by the built-in fan. The negative pressure chamber is composed of the seeding disc, the transmission intermediate wheel, the transmission intermediate wheel bearing and the seeding device housing. The built-in fan adopts a brushed or brushless high-speed centrifugal fan. The fan only has a bellows flange but no bellows. The seeding device housing is provided with an air inlet that is consistent with the size of the bellows. The air inlet is directly connected to the negative pressure chamber. The air negative pressure generated by the operation of the fan is directly transmitted to the air suction hole of the seeding disc through the negative pressure chamber. An air guide elbow can be installed in the built-in fan seat and connected to the seeding machine fan through the air suction pipeline. One end of the air guide elbow has a flange that is consistent with the size of the built-in fan 2 bellows flange, and the other end is a pipe head that is consistent with the size of the seeding machine pipeline.

[0060] The seeding principle of the seed metering device: the seed disk rotates so that the air-suction holes on the seed disk pass through the seed filling area, seed cleaning area, seed carrying area, seed throwing area and disk cleaning area in sequence. The seeds are adsorbed on the seed disk under the action of the negative pressure of the air-suction holes, and the seeds rotate on the seed disk to the seed cleaning area, where the excess seeds are scraped off by the seed scraper. Then the seeds enter the seed carrying area and rotate to the wind-proof grinding block to enter the seed throwing area. The wind-proof grinding block seals the air-suction holes, and the seeds lose pressure and fall into the seed ditch by their own gravity, thus completing the process of seed filling-seed cleaning-seed carrying-seeding. After seeding, the air-suction holes of the seed disk are cleaned by the disk cleaning knife and enter the seed filling chamber again, and the next seeding process is repeated.

[0061] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second (number one, number two), etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "including one..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0062] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected.

Claims

1. An air suction type seeding device, comprising a seeding device housing (1), a built-in fan (2), a drive motor (3), a transmission intermediate wheel (4), a transmission internal gear (5), a transmission intermediate wheel bearing (6), a closed air grinding block assembly (7), a seeding disc (8) and a seeding device outer cover (9), characterized in that: The seed meter housing (1) is provided with a mounting hole for connecting with the frame, a mounting hole for connecting with the seed box, a transmission intermediate wheel bearing seat, a wind-blocking grinding block slot, a transmission gear hole, a built-in fan seat, a wind hole, a bearing fixing hole, a seed meter outer cover fixing hole and a drive motor mounting hole; The built-in fan (2) is installed in the built-in fan seat of the seed metering device and communicates with the negative pressure chamber through the air hole, or an air guide elbow is installed in the built-in fan seat and is connected to the seed metering device fan through an air suction pipeline; The drive motor (3) is mounted on the drive motor mounting hole of the seed meter housing (1), and the gear on the motor shaft engages with the transmission internal gear (5) through the transmission gear hole. The number of teeth of the gear is designed according to the required speed ratio, or a common transmission mechanism is installed on the drive motor mounting hole to enhance the versatility of the seed meter; A bearing stop is provided on the outer side of the inner hole of the transmission intermediate wheel (4); an inner gear ring mounting seat is provided on the inner side of the inner hole of the transmission intermediate wheel (4); four inner gear ring fixing holes are provided on the inner side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel (4); four seeding disc axial clamping keys and circumferential locking keys or quick-change clamping pins are provided on the outer side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel (4); a T-shaped sealing rubber ring is provided on the outer side of the outer circle of the transmission intermediate wheel (4), and the T-shaped sealing rubber ring is used for sealing between the transmission intermediate wheel (4) and the seeding disc (8); The transmission intermediate wheel bearing (6) supports and fixes the transmission intermediate wheel (4) to rotate in the seed meter housing (1), and is also used for mechanical sealing between the negative pressure chamber and the internal gear chamber. A rubber-covered deep groove bearing is provided and installed between the inner hole bearing stop of the transmission intermediate wheel (4) and the inner bearing seat of the seed meter housing (1); The transmission internal gear (5) transmits the power of the driving motor (3) to the position of the transmission intermediate gear (4). The outer circle of the transmission internal gear (5) is provided with four transmission intermediate gear (4) mounting positioning holes. The transmission internal gear (5) is mounted on a gear mounting seat inside the inner hole of the transmission intermediate gear (4). A spur gear or a helical gear and the number of teeth and the module can be customized according to needs. The inner side of the outer circle of the seeding disc (8) is provided with four L-shaped mounting grooves connected to the transmission intermediate wheel (4); the seeding disc (8) having air suction holes on the outer circle is a seeding disc for front seeding; the seeding disc (8) having air suction holes on the side is a seeding disc for side seeding.

2. The air-suction seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the seed suction hole on the seeding disc (8) carries the seeds and rotates to the closed-wind grinding block assembly (7), the pressure is lost, and the seeds fall into the seed groove by their own gravity due to the loss of pressure. One type is the closed-wind grinding block assembly for front seeding of the seeding disc, and the other type is the closed-wind grinding block assembly for side seeding of the seeding disc. The closed-wind grinding block assembly (7) includes three parts: a closed-wind grinding block, a compression spring and a closed-wind grinding block seat, which are installed in the closed-wind grinding block slot in the seeding device housing (1) and fixed by bolts.

3. The air-suction seed metering device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed metering device outer cover (9) forms a seed filling chamber with the seeding disc (8) and the seed metering device housing (1). The seed filling chamber is made of a transparent material, which facilitates observation of the internal working conditions of the seed metering device. The seed metering device outer cover (9) is provided with a seed scraping mechanism, a seed discharge port and a seed population adjustment plate, a seed inlet and a seed discharge port connected to a seed box, and a mounting hole connected to the seed metering device housing (1).

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