Waste gas treatment device for garbage incinerator and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device and a method for using the device. The device comprises a high-temperature dust removal mechanism (1). A heat exchange mechanism (2), a low-temperature dust removal mechanism (3), an acid removal mechanism (4), and an adsorption mechanism (5) are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the high-temperature dust removal mechanism (1). The high-temperature dust removal mechanism (1) comprises a dust removal box (6). An air inlet (7) and an air outlet (8) are respectively arranged at both ends of the dust removal box (6). A filter rack (9) is arranged in the middle of the dust removal box (6). An air duct (10) for cleaning the filter rack (9) is arranged at the rear end of the filter rack (9). A driving mechanism (11) for driving the air duct (10) to move is arranged on the rear side of the air duct (10). The device can enhance the cleaning effect of the filter rack, thereby improving the exhaust gas treatment effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a waste gas treatment device and a use method thereof, in particular to a waste gas treatment device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, traditional methods for disposing municipal waste primarily include landfilling and incineration for power generation. Landfilling requires significant land use, resulting in a wasteful use of resources and groundwater pollution, posing a safety hazard. With the continuous advancement of technology, waste-to-energy incineration has gained widespread application. The incineration process produces a large amount of harmful gases, primarily solid dust, acidic gases, and organic pollutants. Therefore, exhaust gas treatment is necessary before discharge to prevent environmental pollution. During exhaust gas treatment, filters are used to remove particulate matter from the exhaust, but these filters can easily accumulate particulate matter, hindering filtration.

[0003] For example, patent application number 202111467906.0 discloses an exhaust gas treatment device for incinerating garbage, which relates to the technical field of garbage incineration. The device includes a treatment box, a movable frame, a driving mechanism, and a shaking mechanism. The exhaust gas entering the gas hopper can drive the blades to rotate, thereby rotating the drive shaft, and driving the shaking mechanism to perform reciprocating motion to shake the filter screen accordingly, so that the attachments on the filter screen fall off during the shaking process, preventing the filter screen from being blocked. However, the exhaust gas is evenly transported to the gas hopper, and some of the exhaust gas will hinder the rotation of the blades, affecting the rotation of the blades, thereby reducing the shaking effect on the filter screen. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device and a method for use thereof, which can enhance the cleaning effect of the filter frame, thereby improving the exhaust gas treatment effect.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, including a high-temperature dust removal mechanism, a heat exchange mechanism, a low-temperature dust removal mechanism, an acid removal mechanism and an adsorption mechanism are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the high-temperature dust removal mechanism, the high-temperature dust removal mechanism includes a dust removal box, an air inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged at both ends of the dust removal box, a filter rack is provided in the middle of the dust removal box, an air duct for cleaning the filter rack is provided at the rear end of the filter rack, and a driving mechanism for driving the air duct to move is provided on the rear side of the air duct.

[0006] In the aforementioned waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, the driving mechanism includes an air collecting hopper, a driving shaft is provided in the air collecting hopper, and a fan blade is provided in the driving shaft that is consistent with the rear end opening of the air collecting hopper; a runner is provided on the outside of the air collecting hopper and is arranged on the driving shaft, a fixing rod is provided at the edge of the runner, a connecting rod is connected to the outside of the fixing rod, a guide groove corresponding to the fixing rod is provided in the middle of the connecting rod, a positioning seat is provided at one end of the connecting rod, a connecting rod is provided at the other end of the connecting rod, a slider is provided at the front end of the connecting rod that cooperates with the filter frame, and a fixing hole for installing the air duct is provided in the slider.

[0007] In the aforementioned waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, the wind collecting hopper includes two groups and two pairs of side plates, a semicircular sleeve is provided between the side plates, the opening of the sleeve faces the air inlet, and two guide plates are provided at the front end of the sleeve. The distance between the rear end opening of the guide plate is half of the sleeve opening, and the position of the rear end opening of the guide plate corresponds to the fan blade at the upper end of the drive shaft.

[0008] In the aforementioned waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, a dovetail-shaped locking block is provided at the front end of the slider.

[0009] In the aforementioned waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, the filter frame is provided with a sliding groove corresponding to the locking block.

[0010] In the aforementioned waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, the heat exchange mechanism is a waste heat boiler type heat exchanger.

[0011] In the aforementioned waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, the low-temperature dust removal mechanism is a bag dust collector, which includes a dust removal chamber, a support tube fixed on a partition is provided in the dust removal chamber, a dust removal bag is provided outside the support tube, and a cleaning mechanism is provided outside the dust removal bag.

[0012] In the aforementioned waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, the cleaning mechanism includes an annular cleaning brush arranged outside the dust removal bag, a screw seat is provided in the annular cleaning brush, and a reciprocating screw for driving the screw seat to move is provided in the screw seat.

[0013] In the aforementioned method of using a waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, the waste incinerator exhaust gas enters the dust removal box through the air inlet, and the particulate matter in the waste incinerator exhaust gas is removed by the filter rack. Then the waste incinerator exhaust gas will move to the wind collecting hopper, driving the drive mechanism to move, thereby cleaning the filter rack. Then the waste incinerator exhaust gas will be transported to the heat exchange mechanism to generate water vapor for power generation. The waste incinerator exhaust gas that has undergone heat exchange is subjected to secondary dust removal by the low-temperature dust removal mechanism, and finally the acid removal mechanism and the adsorption mechanism are used to remove acid gases and dioxins, thereby realizing the treatment of the waste incinerator exhaust gas.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0015] 1. This application provides an air duct to remove particulate matter from the filter rack, preventing the filter rack from being blocked and affecting the filtration of waste incinerator exhaust gas. The driving mechanism can drive the air duct to move periodically on the filter rack, achieving a good cleaning effect.

[0016] 2. This application provides a guide plate at the front end of the wind collecting scoop to guide the waste gas from the waste incinerator, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the waste incinerator waste gas and enhancing the driving effect of the waste incinerator waste gas on the fan blades, thereby making the air duct movement more stable and the cleaning effect better;

[0017] 3. This application cleans the dust bag by arranging a reciprocating screw to drive an annular cleaning brush, which has a good cleaning effect and does not require frequent disassembly and replacement of the dust bag. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high-temperature dust removal mechanism of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high-temperature dust removal mechanism of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the low-temperature dust removal mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] The marks in the accompanying drawings are: 1-high-temperature dust removal mechanism, 3-low-temperature dust removal mechanism, 6-dust removal box, 7-air inlet, 8-air outlet, 9-filter frame, 10-air duct, 11-driving mechanism, 12-wind collecting bucket, 13-driving shaft, 14-fan blades, 15-rotor, 16-fixing rod, 17-guide groove, 18-positioning seat, 19-slider, 20-fixing hole, 21-side plate, 22-sleeve, 23-guide plate, 24-locking block, 25-slide groove, 26-connecting rod, 27-connecting rod, 28-partition, 29-dust removal chamber, 30-support cylinder, 31-dust bag, 32-annular cleaning brush, 33-screw seat, 34-reciprocating screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but they are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment. A waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device and its use method, comprising: Figure 1-2 As shown, it includes a high-temperature dust removal mechanism 1, and a heat exchange mechanism 2, a low-temperature dust removal mechanism 3, an acid removal mechanism 4 and an adsorption mechanism 5 are sequentially arranged on the rear side of the high-temperature dust removal mechanism 1. The high-temperature dust removal mechanism 1 includes a dust removal box 6, and an air inlet 7 and an air outlet 8 are respectively provided at both ends of the dust removal box 6. A filter frame 9 is provided in the middle of the dust removal box 6, and an air duct 10 for cleaning the filter frame 9 is provided at the rear end of the filter frame 9. A driving mechanism 11 for driving the air duct 10 to move is provided on the rear side of the air duct 10.

[0024] The driving mechanism 11 includes a wind collecting scoop 12, a driving shaft 13 is provided in the wind collecting scoop 12, and a fan blade 14 is provided in the driving shaft 13 that is consistent with the rear end opening of the wind collecting scoop 12; a runner 15 is provided on the outside of the wind collecting scoop 12 and is arranged on the driving shaft 13, a fixing rod 16 is provided at the edge of the runner 15, and a connecting rod 26 is connected to the outside of the fixing rod 16, and a guide groove 17 corresponding to the fixing rod 16 is provided in the middle of the connecting rod 26, a positioning seat 18 is provided at one end of the connecting rod 26, and a connecting rod 27 is provided at the other end of the connecting rod 26, and a slider 19 is provided at the front end of the connecting rod 27 to cooperate with the filter frame 9, and a fixing hole 20 for mounting the air duct 10 is provided in the slider 19.

[0025] The wind collecting scoop 12 includes two groups and two pairs of side panels 21, a semicircular sleeve 22 is provided between the side panels 21, the opening of the sleeve 22 faces the air inlet 7, and two guide plates 23 are provided at the front end of the sleeve 22. The rear end opening distance of the guide plate 23 is half of the opening of the sleeve 22, and the rear end opening position of the guide plate 23 corresponds to the fan blade 14 at the upper end of the drive shaft 13.

[0026] A dovetail-shaped locking block 24 is provided at the front end of the slider 19 .

[0027] The filter frame 9 is provided with a sliding groove 25 corresponding to the locking block 24 .

[0028] The heat exchange mechanism is a waste heat boiler type heat exchanger.

[0029] The low-temperature dust removal mechanism 3 is a bag dust collector, which includes a dust removal chamber 29. The dust removal chamber 29 is provided with a support tube 30 fixed on the partition 28. A dust removal bag 31 is provided outside the support tube 30, and a cleaning mechanism is provided outside the dust removal bag 31.

[0030] The cleaning mechanism includes an annular cleaning brush 32 disposed outside the dust bag 31 , a screw seat 33 is disposed in the annular cleaning brush 32 , and a reciprocating screw 34 for driving the screw seat 33 to move is disposed in the screw seat 33 .

[0031] The waste incinerator exhaust gas enters the dust removal box 6 through the air inlet 7, and the particulate matter in the waste incinerator exhaust gas is removed by the filter rack 9. Then the waste incinerator exhaust gas will move to the wind collecting hopper 12, driving the drive mechanism 11 to move, thereby cleaning the filter rack 9. Then the waste incinerator exhaust gas will be transported to the heat exchange mechanism to generate water vapor for power generation. The waste incinerator exhaust gas after heat exchange is subjected to secondary dust removal by the low-temperature dust removal mechanism 3. Finally, the acid gas and dioxin are removed by the acid removal mechanism and the adsorption mechanism to achieve the treatment of the waste incinerator exhaust gas.

[0032] The principle of the present invention is as follows: the waste gas from the waste incinerator is introduced into the air inlet 7, and the particulate matter in the waste gas from the waste incinerator is removed through the filter frame 9. The particulate matter will accumulate on the surface of the filter frame 9, and then the waste gas from the waste incinerator will enter the wind collecting bucket 12, pushing the fan blades 14 to rotate, so that the driving shaft 13 will drive the runner 15 to move synchronously. When the runner 15 moves, it will drive the connecting rod 26 to move through the fixed rod 16. A guide groove 17 is provided in the connecting rod 26, so that the movement can be achieved through the cooperation of the guide groove 17 and the fixed rod 16. The connecting rod 27 will push the slider 19 to slide along the slide groove 25, so that the periodic movement of the air duct 10 can be achieved, and the particulate matter in the filter holes of the filter frame 9 can be removed. The waste gas temperature of the waste incinerator of the dust removal box 6 is relatively high. The simple mechanical mechanism can avoid damage to electrical equipment and reduce the time required for maintenance. Then the waste incinerator exhaust gas will enter the heat exchange mechanism 2, which is a waste heat boiler type heat exchanger. It can use the heat in the waste incinerator exhaust gas to generate water vapor, and can use the water vapor to generate electricity, providing energy for the equipment in this application and reducing costs. Then the waste incinerator exhaust gas will pass into the low-temperature dust removal mechanism 3. At this time, the waste incinerator exhaust gas temperature is relatively low and will not cause significant damage to the dust bag 31. The waste incinerator exhaust gas will pass through the dust bag 31 and move above the partition 28 through the support tube 30 to achieve secondary cleaning. At the same time, the annular cleaning brush 32 will reciprocate under the action of the reciprocating screw 34 to clean the surface of the dust bag 31. The acid removal mechanism is a conventional acid removal tower, so it will not be described in detail here. The adsorption mechanism includes an adsorption tower, and the adsorption tower is provided with adsorption plates with inclined and staggered distributions. The adsorption plates are provided with activated carbon, thereby improving the adsorption effect of the activated carbon.

Claims

1. A waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device, comprising a high-temperature dust removal mechanism (1), a heat exchange mechanism, a low-temperature dust removal mechanism (3), an acid removal mechanism and an adsorption mechanism being sequentially provided on the rear side of the high-temperature dust removal mechanism (1), characterized in that: The high-temperature dust removal mechanism (1) includes a dust removal box (6), an air inlet (7) and an air outlet (8) are respectively provided at both ends of the dust removal box (6), a filter frame (9) is provided in the middle of the dust removal box (6), a wind duct (10) for cleaning the filter frame (9) is provided at the rear end of the filter frame (9), and a driving mechanism (11) for driving the wind duct (10) to move is provided on the rear side of the wind duct (10); the driving mechanism (11) includes a wind collecting bucket (12), a driving shaft (13) is provided in the wind collecting bucket (12), and a fan blade (14) that is consistent with the opening at the rear end of the wind collecting bucket (12) is provided in the driving shaft (13); a rotating wheel (15) is provided on the outside of the wind collecting bucket (12) and is arranged on the driving shaft (13), a fixing rod (16) is provided at the edge of the rotating wheel (15), the fixing rod (16) is externally connected to the connecting rod (26), a guide groove (17) corresponding to the fixing rod (16) is provided in the middle of the connecting rod (26), and the connecting rod (26) is provided with a connecting groove (17) corresponding to the fixing rod (16). A positioning seat (18) is provided at one end of the connecting rod (26), and a connecting rod (27) is provided at the other end of the connecting rod (26). A slider (19) is provided at the front end of the connecting rod (27) to cooperate with the filter frame (9), and a fixing hole (20) for installing the air duct (10) is provided in the slider (19); the air collecting bucket (12) includes two groups and two pairs of side plates (21), a semicircular sleeve (22) is provided between the side plates (21), the opening of the sleeve (22) faces the air inlet (7), and two guide plates (23) are provided at the front end of the sleeve (22), the distance between the rear end openings of the guide plates (23) is half of the opening of the sleeve (22), and the position of the rear end opening of the guide plates (23) corresponds to the fan blade (14) at the upper end of the drive shaft (13); a dovetail-shaped locking block (24) is provided at the front end of the slider (19); and a sliding groove (25) corresponding to the locking block (24) is provided on the filter frame (9).

2. The waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange mechanism (2) is a waste heat boiler type heat exchanger.

3. The waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature dust removal mechanism (3) is a bag-type dust collector. The low-temperature dust removal mechanism (3) includes a dust removal chamber (29). A support cylinder (30) fixed on a partition (28) is provided in the dust removal chamber (29). A dust removal bag (31) is provided outside the support cylinder (30). A cleaning mechanism is provided outside the dust removal bag (31).

4. The waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism comprises an annular cleaning brush (32) arranged outside the dust removal bag (31), a screw seat (33) being arranged in the annular cleaning brush (32), and a reciprocating screw (34) for driving the screw seat (33) to move being arranged in the screw seat (33).

5. The method for using the waste incinerator exhaust gas treatment device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The waste incinerator exhaust gas enters the dust removal box (6) through the air inlet (7), and the particulate matter in the waste incinerator exhaust gas is removed by the filter frame (9). Then the waste incinerator exhaust gas moves to the wind collecting hopper (12), driving the driving mechanism (11) to move, thereby cleaning the filter frame (9). Then the waste incinerator exhaust gas is transported to the heat exchange mechanism to generate water vapor for power generation. The waste incinerator exhaust gas after heat exchange is secondary dust-removed by the low-temperature dust removal mechanism (3), and finally the acid removal mechanism and the adsorption mechanism are used to remove acid gas and dioxin, thereby realizing the treatment of the waste incinerator exhaust gas.

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