Forming apparatus for a wrought aluminum alloy and forming method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, and discloses a forming device and forming method of deformed aluminum alloy, which comprises an upper die, one end of the upper die is externally fixedly installed with a lower die, the outer surface of the lower die is fixedly sleeved with a pressure-increasing bag, and the outer surface of the pressure-increasing bag is movably installed with a pressing plate. The first magnetic plate and the second magnetic plate are arranged, so that the uneven wall thickness of the workpiece and the poor forming caused by the fact that the metal blank body cannot be in the correct position due to the abrasion of the limiting cylinder plate are avoided, the structures such as the electromagnet, the second magnetic plate, the heating air bag and the conductive piece are arranged, the aluminum alloy forming quality is effectively prevented from being reduced due to the high casting speed and the high cooling strength during the extrusion of the existing metal blank body, the structures such as the electromagnet, the first magnetic plate, the second magnetic plate, the heating air bag and the conductive piece are arranged, and the problems that the existing metal flow is retained in the dead angle area in a large amount and the extrusion efficiency is not high and the material residual amount is large are effectively avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy processing, in particular to a forming device and forming method of deformed aluminum alloy. BACKGROUND

[0002] The deformed aluminum alloy is an aluminum alloy whose organization and shape are changed through processes such as stamping, bending, rolling, and extrusion. The existing forming methods of the deformed aluminum alloy generally include rolling, forging, extrusion, stamping, and casting. The commonly used extrusion forming method is a plastic processing method that obtains a part or semi-finished product with a required cross-sectional shape, size, and certain mechanical properties by applying a strong pressure to a metal blank placed in a die cavity, and then making the metal blank produce directional plastic deformation and being extruded from the die hole of the extrusion die. The existing extrusion forming equipment is generally divided into horizontal extrusion machines and vertical extrusion machines. The horizontal extrusion machine has a wide applicability.

[0003] In the use process of the existing horizontal extrusion machine, the self-weight of the plunger, the perforating cross beam, the extrusion cylinder and other components of the extrusion machine are all applied to the guide sleeve and the guide rail surface, and then the extrusion components are easily worn. If the extrusion components are worn, the metal blank cannot be in the correct position, thereby causing the center of the extrusion machine to be out of tune and difficult to maintain precision. In addition, the β phase AlFeSi in the alloy cannot be timely converted into spherical a phase AlFeSi due to the high casting speed and large cooling intensity of the metal blank during the extrusion process. Since the β phase AlFeSi in the alloy presents a needle-shaped organization with high hardness, poor plasticity, and very low tensile strength, it not only induces extrusion cracks during high-temperature extrusion, but also produces granular burrs. Such burrs are not easy to clean and have a strong hand feeling, which greatly reduces the forming quality of the aluminum alloy. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the existing forming device of the deformed aluminum alloy in the background art, the present application provides a forming device and forming method of deformed aluminum alloy, which has the advantages of keeping the metal blank always in the center, preventing precision from decreasing, and effectively improving the forming quality of the metal blank, thereby solving the technical problems in the above background art.

[0005] The application provides the following technical scheme: a forming device for deformed aluminum alloy, comprising an upper die, one end of the upper die is externally fixedly provided with a lower die, the outer surface of the lower die is fixedly sleeved with a booster bag, the outer surface of the booster bag is movably provided with a pressing plate, the outer surface of the pressing plate is fixedly provided with an electromagnet, the other end of the upper die is fixedly provided with a fixed connecting plate, one end surface of the fixed connecting plate is fixedly connected with one end opening surface of the booster bag, the middle surface of the fixed connecting plate is fixedly provided with a pressure valve, the outer surface of the fixed connecting plate is fixedly sleeved with a first magnetic plate, the inner cavity of the first magnetic plate is movably provided with a second magnetic plate, the inner side wall of the second magnetic plate is fixedly provided with a heating air bag, the inner side surface of the heating air bag is fixedly provided with a limiting cylinder plate, the inner side wall of the limiting cylinder plate is movably provided with a metal blank body, one end of the metal blank body is movably provided with an extrusion shaft, the outer surface of one end of the extrusion shaft is fixedly provided with a fixing piece, the outer surface of the fixing piece is fixedly provided with an extrusion piece, and the outer surface of the extrusion piece is fixedly provided with a conductive piece.

[0006] Preferably, the overall shape of the booster bag is a circular ring shape, the cross-sectional shape of the booster bag is a "convex" shape, the inner cavity of the booster bag is hollow, the surface of the booster bag has flexibility and heat conductivity, and one end surface of the booster bag facing the fixed connecting plate is open.

[0007] Preferably, the pressing plate has four, and the pressing plate is circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the booster bag, the shape of the pressing plate is a circular arc shape, and the radius of the pressing plate is matched with the radius of the outer surface of the booster bag, the pressing plate has heat conductivity, one end surface of the fixed connecting plate is provided with a groove matched with one end surface of the pressing plate, and the electromagnet has four, and each electromagnet is matched with each pressing plate.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure valve is a bidirectional valve with double opening, the pressure valve is located at the joint of one end opening of the booster bag and one end opening of the heating air bag, the fixed connecting plate is a circular ring shape, and the one end surface of the fixed connecting plate facing the heating air bag is provided with a groove matched with one end of the second magnetic plate and one end of the limiting cylinder plate.

[0009] Preferably, the first magnetic plate and the second magnetic plate are both magnetic, the magnetic of the first magnetic plate and the magnetic of the second magnetic plate repel each other, the second magnetic plate is conductive, the second magnetic plate is four in total, and the second magnetic plate is circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the heating air bag, the second magnetic plate is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the second magnetic plate is matched with the curvature of the outer surface of the heating air bag, the heating air bag is cylindrical, and the inner cavity of the heating air bag is hollow, the inner cavity of the heating air bag is filled with high-temperature gas, the surface of the heating air bag is flexible and heat-resistant, the limiting cylinder plate is four in total, and the limiting cylinder plate is circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the metal blank body, the limiting cylinder plate is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the limiting cylinder plate is matched with the curvature of the outer surface of the metal blank body, and the limiting cylinder plate is heat-conductive.

[0010] Preferably, the fixing member is two in total, is located at the upper and lower ends of the inner side wall of the extrusion member, the extrusion member is annular, and the thickness of the extrusion member is matched with the thickness of the heating air bag, the extrusion member is heat-insulating, the conductive member is conductive, the conductive member is two in total, and is located at the upper and lower ends of the outer surface of the extrusion member, the surface of the second magnetic plate is provided with a groove matched with the width of the conductive member, one end of the extrusion member is connected with the existing fixed alternating power source through a wire, one end of the conductive member is connected with the extrusion member in series through a wire, one end of the second magnetic plate is connected with one end of the external coil of the electromagnet through a wire, and the other end of the electromagnet is connected with the existing fixed alternating power source through a wire, that is, the electromagnet, the second magnetic plate, the conductive member, the extrusion member and the existing alternating power source form a series circuit.

[0011] A forming method of a forming device of a wrought aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0012] S1, first start the existing alternating power source, and the gas supply equipment, through the existing feeding equipment, the metal blank body is inserted into the cavity formed by the inner side wall of the limiting cylinder plate horizontally and transversely, after the metal blank body is inserted, and it is confirmed that the metal blank body is in the position opposite to the center of the upper die, then the existing hydraulic pushing equipment is used to drive the extrusion shaft to move forward, and the center of the extrusion shaft is moved horizontally to the center of the metal blank body, after one end of the extrusion shaft touches one end of the metal blank body, the existing hydraulic pushing equipment is controlled to drive the extrusion shaft to push the metal blank body, the metal blank body is pressed by the extrusion shaft, and is pushed to the surface of the upper die, because the surface of the upper die is provided with a shunt hole, one end of the metal blank body passes through the shunt hole on the surface of the upper die, and four metal streams with uniform size are formed, the metal streams continue to extend outward through the surface of the upper die, and gradually enter the welding cavity between the upper die and the lower die;

[0013] S2, while the extrusion shaft moves forward to push the extrusion metal blank, the extrusion shaft drives the extrusion part to move forward, when the extrusion part moves forward, the extrusion part drives the conductive part to insert into the second magnetic plate, and the second magnetic plate is in contact, when the conductive part and the second magnetic plate are in contact, the current in the existing alternating power source flows into the second magnetic plate through the extrusion part and the conductive part, and then flows to the electromagnet through the second magnetic plate, so that the coil of the electromagnet passes through the circulating flow alternating current, and the electromagnet completes the power supply, and then the electromagnet starts to show the magnetic property, and because the electromagnet passes through the alternating current, the magnetic pole of the electromagnet reverses and circulates continuously, so the magnetic relationship between the electromagnet and the first magnetic plate will change regularly and continuously, and the time period of the change cycle can be arranged and adjusted according to the working condition;

[0014] S3, in addition, when the extrusion shaft extrudes the metal blank, the extrusion part also extrudes one end of the heating air bag, when the extrusion part extrudes the heating air bag, the gas in the heating air bag is compressed, and the air pressure increases, so that the pressure valve is pressed to open the valve, when the pressure valve opens the valve, a large amount of gas in the heating air bag flows into the inside of the pressure bag, so that the inner cavity of the pressure bag is filled, therefore, when the first magnetic plate generates magnetic repulsion force on the electromagnet, the electromagnet drives the pressing plate to shrink inward together, when the pressing plate shrinks, the pressing plate extrudes the inner cavity of the pressure bag, so that the air pressure in the pressure bag increases, and then the pressure bag extrudes the metal flow formed after the metal blank passes through the upper die, so that the metal flow slows down and gathers to the center, and because the gas flowing into the pressure bag has high temperature, the metal flow is softened to a certain extent, so that the β phase AIFeSi in the alloy in the welding cavity can be timely converted into spherical a phase AIFeSi, thereby forming a high-quality formed alloy body, and the metal flow after welding extrudes the center die hole of the lower die;

[0015] S4, under the action of extrusion force, the metal flow passes through the center die hole of the lower die, thereby forming a workpiece with a specific shape, in the process of continuous extrusion forming production, when the first magnetic plate generates magnetic attraction force on the electromagnet after the first magnetic plate generates magnetic repulsion force on the electromagnet, at this time, the electromagnet drives the pressing plate to expand outward, when the pressing plate moves outward, the pressing plate drives the outer surface of the pressure bag to open outward, so that the internal volume of the pressure bag increases and the air pressure decreases, and the metal blank which has not been extruded is still pushed to the upper die under the pushing of the extrusion shaft, and the metal flow formed by the upper die will flow to the welding cavity between the upper die and the lower die again, after the first magnetic plate generates magnetic attraction force on the electromagnet for a period of time, the first magnetic plate generates magnetic repulsion force on the electromagnet again, at this time, under the influence of magnetic repulsion force, the electromagnet drives the pressing plate to retract inward again, and then the pressure bag again causes strong air pressure force to the metal flow, so as to soften and weld the metal flow;

[0016] S5. Thus, following the above steps, the invention device can operate continuously in a cycle, causing the metal billet to be continuously pushed through the upper and lower dies in sequence, thereby completing the extrusion molding process.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This invention, by setting a first magnetic plate and a second magnetic plate, utilizes the magnetic repulsion force between the first and second magnetic plates. When the limiting cylinder plate is worn, the magnetic repulsion force between the first and second magnetic plates remains constant. This magnetic repulsion force is sufficient to extrude and move the limiting cylinder plate to the innermost edge of the fixed connecting plate. Since the innermost edge of the fixed connecting plate precisely satisfies the positional condition for determining whether the metal billet is centered, the limiting cylinder plate at the innermost edge of the fixed connecting plate still effectively limits and supports the position of the metal billet. This ensures the metal billet remains precisely positioned opposite the center of the upper die, thus avoiding the problem of eccentricity caused by wear of the limiting cylinder plate, which leads to misalignment of the extruder center, difficulty in maintaining accuracy, uneven workpiece wall thickness, and poor forming effect.

[0019] 2. This invention, by setting up an electromagnet, a second magnetic plate, a heating airbag, and conductive components, utilizes alternating current to cause the electromagnet's magnetism to change in a certain periodic pattern. This causes the electromagnet to periodically repel or attract the first magnetic plate. As the extrusion shaft advances and compresses the metal billet, the extrusion component generates pressure on the heating airbag, causing gas inside the heating airbag to rush into the pressurized bag. Then, when the first magnetic plate generates magnetic repulsion on the electromagnet, the electromagnet drives the pressure plate to contract inward, increasing the air pressure inside the pressurized bag. The pressurized bag then compresses the metal billet through the upper die, forming the shape... The metal flow is concentrated towards the center, and the flow rate decreases. Because the gas inside the heating airbag is high-temperature gas, the gas inside the pressurization bag is also at a high temperature. As a result, the metal flow softens under the influence of high temperature. Therefore, the β phase AlFeSi in the alloy can be transformed into spherical α phase AlFeSi in time, thus forming a high-quality shaped alloy body. This effectively avoids the problem that existing extrusion presses, when extruding metal billets, cause needle-like structures in the alloy, resulting in high hardness, poor plasticity, and very low tensile strength, which greatly reduces the quality of aluminum alloy forming.

[0020] 3. The application sets up electromagnet, first magnetic plate, second magnetic plate, heating air bag, conducting part and other structures, uses the effect of alternating current, makes the first magnetic plate intermittently generate magnetic repulsion and magnetic attraction to electromagnet respectively, when the first magnetic plate generates magnetic repulsion to electromagnet, promotes the metal flow formed by extruding metal blank through the upper die, promotes the welding extrusion forming of the metal flow, and improves the forming quality of the metal blank, when the first magnetic plate generates magnetic attraction to electromagnet, the electromagnet drives the pressing plate to expand outward, and then drives the outer surface of the pressure bag to open outward, so that the internal volume of the pressure bag becomes larger, the internal pressure becomes smaller, and then the subsequent metal blank flows into the welding cavity between the upper die and the lower die, but when the first magnetic plate generates magnetic repulsion to electromagnet again, under the influence of magnetic repulsion, the pressure bag generates strong air pressure to the metal flow again, promotes the softening and welding of the metal flow, and uses the transverse shearing effect of the pressure bag to make the newly flowed metal flow in the welding cavity gather to the center in large quantities, so that the metal flow cannot be left in the dead angle area of the welding cavity, thereby effectively avoiding the problem that the metal flow lingers in the dead angle area and cannot be independently collected and welded, resulting in low extrusion efficiency and large material residue. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structure cross section perspective view of the application;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structure right side view perspective view of the application;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structure left side view perspective view of the application;

[0024] Figure 4 It is an upper die perspective view of the application.

[0025] In the figure: 1, upper die;2, lower die;3, pressure bag;4, pressing plate;5, electromagnet;6, fixed connection plate;7, pressure valve;8, first magnetic plate;9, second magnetic plate;10, heating air bag;11, limiting cylinder plate;12, metal blank;13, extrusion shaft;14, fixed part;15, extrusion part;16, conducting part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the application.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1-4The utility model provides a kind of forming device of wrought aluminium alloy, including upper die 1, one end of upper die 1 is externally fixed and installed lower die 2, the outer surface of lower die 2 is fixed and sleeved with booster bag 3, the outer surface of booster bag 3 is movably installed with pressing plate 4, the outer surface of pressing plate 4 is fixedly installed with electromagnet 5, the other end of upper die 1 is fixedly installed with fixed connecting plate 6, and one end surface of fixed connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected with the one end opening surface of booster bag 3, the middle surface of fixed connecting plate 6 is fixedly installed with pressure valve 7, the outside of fixed connecting plate 6 is fixedly sleeved with first magnetic plate 8, the inner chamber of first magnetic plate 8 is movably installed with second magnetic plate 9, second magnetic plate 9 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of second magnetic plate 9 with heating air bag 10, the inner side surface of heating air bag 10 is fixedly installed with limit cylinder plate 11, the inner side wall of limit cylinder plate 11 is movably installed with metal blank body 12, one end of metal blank body 12 is movably installed with extrusion shaft 13, the outer surface of one end of extrusion shaft 13 is fixedly installed with fixed part 14, the outside of fixed part 14 is fixedly sleeved with extruding part 15, the outer surface of extruding part 15 is fixedly installed with electrically conductive part 16, by being provided with electromagnet 5, second magnetic plate 9, heating air bag 10, electrically conductive part 16 and other structures, when extrusion shaft 13 drives extruding part 15 together extrusion metal blank body 12 and is extruded, and is gradually inserted in the inside of second magnetic plate 9 with electrically conductive part 16, and is contacted with second magnetic plate 9, then existing alternating power outside flows into second magnetic plate 9 through extruding part 15 and electrically conductive part 16, and then the series circuit that electromagnet 5, second magnetic plate 9, electrically conductive part 16 and extruding part 15 are connected is communicated, then the current is passed in electromagnet 5, so that electromagnet 5 begins to show magnetism, because the alternating current of the current that is passed in the inside of electromagnet 5, then the magnetism of electromagnet 5 changes periodically, and then the magnetic state between electromagnet 5 and first magnetic plate 8 is also constantly changing, that is, electromagnet 5 repels first magnetic plate 8, and electromagnet 5 attracts first magnetic plate 8 at times, at the same time, because extrusion shaft 13 will constantly extrude metal blank body 12, so that metal blank body 12 passes through upper die 1 and lower die 2 in turn, so as to realize the purpose of extrusion forming, then when extrusion shaft 13 is constantly advancing, extruding part 15 will cause extrusion to one end of heating air bag 10, and because the structure of the upper and lower ends of heating air bag 10, second magnetic plate 9 and limit cylinder plate 11 are all in relatively fixed state, then the gas in the inside of heating air bag 10 is compressed, and then generates pressure on pressure valve 7, so that pressure valve 7 opens valve, and the gas in the inside of heating air bag 10 rushes into the inside of booster bag 3, when the gas rushes into the inside of booster bag 3, because electromagnet 5 can form magnetic repulsion with first magnetic plate 8, then when first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic repulsion on electromagnet 5, electromagnet 5 drives pressing plate 4 together and is inwards contracted, and then greatly extrudes the inner chamber of booster bag 3, so that the gas pressure in the inside of booster bag 3 increases, then booster bag 3 will extrude the metal flow that metal blank body 12 passes through upper die 1, and the metal flow is subjected to greater external pressure, so that the flow rate in front is slowed down, and because the gas in the inside of heating air bag 10 is high-temperature gas,The gas inside the booster bag 3 also has high temperature, and the metal flow squeezed by the booster bag 3 is also heated by high temperature to produce a certain softening. Therefore, the metal flow is softened and polymerized at the same time, and the flow rate is reduced. The beta phase AlFeSi in the alloy can be timely converted into spherical alpha phase AlFeSi, thereby forming a high-quality formed alloy body, thereby effectively avoiding the problem that the existing extruder cannot timely convert the beta phase AlFeSi in the alloy into spherical alpha phase AlFeSi when extruding the metal blank 12 due to high casting speed and high cooling strength, thereby causing the alloy to present needle-shaped organization, high hardness, poor plasticity, and very low tensile strength. When extruding at high temperature, not only will it induce extrusion cracks, but also will produce granular burrs, which greatly reduces the forming quality of aluminum alloy.

[0028] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The overall shape of the booster bag 3 is a circular ring, the cross-sectional shape of the booster bag 3 is a "convex" shape, the inner cavity of the booster bag 3 is hollow, the surface of the booster bag 3 has flexibility and thermal conductivity, and the surface of one end of the booster bag 3 facing the fixed connection plate 6 is open.

[0029] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The booster bag 3 has four pressure plates 4, which are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the booster bag 3 in a circular manner. The pressure plate 4 is in the shape of a circular arc, and the curvature of the pressure plate 4 is matched with the curvature of the outer surface of the booster bag 3. The pressure plate 4 has thermal conductivity. One end surface of the fixed connection plate 6 is provided with a groove matched with one end surface of the pressure plate 4. The electromagnet 5 has four electromagnets, and each electromagnet 5 is matched with each pressure plate 4.

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The pressure valve 7 is a two-way valve with double opening. The pressure valve 7 is located at the joint of one end opening of the booster bag 3 and one end opening of the heating air bag 10. The fixed connection plate 6 is in the shape of a circular ring. The end surface of the fixed connection plate 6 facing the heating air bag 10 is provided with a groove matched with one end of the second magnetic plate 9 and one end of the limiting cylinder plate 11.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-3Wherein, the first magnetic plate 8 and the second magnetic plate 9 are both magnetic, the magnetism of the first magnetic plate 8 and the magnetism of the second magnetic plate 9 repel each other, the second magnetic plate 9 has electrical conductivity, the second magnetic plate 9 has four in common, and the second magnetic plate 9 is uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the heating air bag 10 in a circular shape, the shape of the second magnetic plate 9 is a circular arc, and the radian value of the second magnetic plate 9 is matched with the radian value of the outer surface of the heating air bag 10, the shape of the heating air bag 10 is a cylinder, and the inner cavity of the heating air bag 10 is hollow, the inner cavity of the heating air bag 10 is filled with high-temperature gas, the surface of the heating air bag 10 has flexibility and heat resistance, the limiting cylinder plate 11 has four in common, and the limiting cylinder plate 11 is uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the metal blank body 12 in a circular shape, the shape of the limiting cylinder plate 11 is a circular arc, and the radian value of the limiting cylinder plate 11 is matched with the radian value of the outer surface of the metal blank body 12, the limiting cylinder plate 11 has thermal conductivity, by setting the first magnetic plate 8 and the second magnetic plate 9, the magnetic repulsion of the first magnetic plate 8 to the second magnetic plate 9 makes the second magnetic plate 9 shrink inward, and then extrudes the heating air bag 10, but because the internal gas pressure of the heating air bag 10 is sufficient, the limiting cylinder plate 11 moves downward along the surface groove of the fixed connecting plate 6 under the action of magnetic repulsion and gas pressure, until it moves to the innermost edge of the fixed connecting plate 6, at this time, the four limiting cylinder plates 11 coincide to form a complete cylinder structure, the cylinder structure is matched with the size of the metal blank body 12, and then when the metal blank body 12 is inserted into the inner side wall of the limiting cylinder plate 11, the metal blank body 12 can be opposite to the center of the upper die 1, that is, the metal blank body 12 is in the correct position, and when the equipment is used for a certain period of time, at this time, the limiting cylinder plate 11 is worn, but because the magnetic repulsion of the first magnetic plate 8 to the second magnetic plate 9 is constant, and the magnetic repulsion of the first magnetic plate 8 to the second magnetic plate 9 can greatly satisfy the extrusion of the limiting cylinder plate 11 to the innermost edge of the fixed connecting plate 6, that is, in the case of wear and thinning of the structure of the limiting cylinder plate 11 itself, but because the magnetic repulsion of the first magnetic plate 8 to the second magnetic plate 9 is constant and the magnetic repulsion is large, the limiting cylinder plate 11 can still move to the innermost edge of the fixed connecting plate 6 under the action of magnetic repulsion and gas pressure, and the innermost edge of the fixed connecting plate 6 is just the position condition that can measure whether the metal blank body 12 is in the center, so that the limiting cylinder plate 11 in this position can still limit and support the metal blank body 12, that is, the metal blank body 12 is still accurately in the center, avoiding eccentricity of the metal blank body 12 due to wear of the limiting cylinder plate 11, preventing the structure of the limiting cylinder plate 11 from being incomplete to cause the metal blank body 12 to be unable to be in the correct position, and then causing the center of the extruder to be out of order, it is difficult to maintain precision, and it causes the problem of uneven wall thickness of the workpiece and poor forming effect.

[0032] Please refer to Figures 1-3The fixed part 14 is two in total, located at the upper and lower ends of the inner side wall of the extrusion part 15. The extrusion part 15 is in the shape of a circular ring, and the thickness value of the extrusion part 15 is matched with the thickness value of the heating air bag 10. The extrusion part 15 has heat insulation, and the conductive part 16 has electrical conductivity. The conductive part 16 is two in total and is located at the upper and lower ends of the outer surface of the extrusion part 15. The surface of the second magnetic plate 9 is provided with a groove matched with the width of the conductive part 16. One end of the extrusion part 15 is connected with the existing alternating power supply fixedly through a wire. One end of the conductive part 16 is connected with the extrusion part 15 in series through a wire. One end of the second magnetic plate 9 is connected with one end of the external coil of the electromagnet 5 through a wire. The other end of the electromagnet 5 is connected with the alternating power supply fixedly through a wire. That is, the electromagnet 5, the second magnetic plate 9, the conductive part 16, the extrusion part 15, and the existing alternating power supply form a series circuit. By arranging the electromagnet 5, the first magnetic plate 8, the second magnetic plate 9, the heating air bag 10, the conductive part 16, and the like, when the extrusion shaft 13 continuously extrudes the metal blank body 12, the conductive part 16 continuously touches the second magnetic plate 9, and then the electromagnet 5 is always connected with alternating current. Under the influence of the alternating current, the magnetic pole of the electromagnet 5 changes regularly, and then the first magnetic plate 8 intermittently generates magnetic repulsion and magnetic attraction to the electromagnet 5. When the first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic repulsion to the electromagnet 5, the electromagnet 5 contracts inward, and then drives the pressing plate 4 to extrude the pressure bag 3 inward, so as to promote the metal flow formed by the metal blank body 12 after passing through the upper die 1 to extrude and form the metal flow, which promotes the welding extrusion forming of the metal flow, fully improves the forming quality of the metal blank body 12, and the like. In addition, when the first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic attraction to the electromagnet 5, the electromagnet 5 drives the pressing plate 4 to expand outward, so that the pressing plate 4 drives the outer surface of the pressure bag 3 to open outward, the internal volume of the pressure bag 3 increases, and then the internal pressure decreases. At this time, the subsequent metal blank body 12 can flow a large amount of metal flow to the welding cavity reserved between the upper die 1 and the lower die 2. When the first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic repulsion to the electromagnet 5 again, under the influence of the magnetic repulsion, the electromagnet 5 drives the pressing plate 4 to retract inward again, and then the pressure bag 3 causes strong air pressure to the metal flow again, so as to promote the metal flow to soften and weld. Due to the transverse shearing action of the pressure bag 3, the metal flow flowing into the welding cavity cannot be left in the dead angle area of the welding cavity, but can be aggregated to the center and extruded and formed at the center hole of the lower die 2, so as to effectively avoid the problem that the metal flow is left in the dead angle area between the existing traditional upper die 1 and lower die 2 and cannot be independently collected and welded, which leads to low extrusion efficiency and low utilization rate of the metal blank body 12 and large amount of material residues,

[0033] Furthermore, by setting the electromagnet 5, using the electrical conduction of the second magnetic plate 9 and the conductive part 16, so that the electromagnet 5 is connected to alternating current, and then the conductor at the center of the electromagnet 5 generates a certain eddy current, and then generates heat energy, when the eddy current reaches a certain degree, the high heat energy can be further conducted to the pressure increasing bag 3, increasing the temperature of the pressure increasing bag 3, so that the pressure increasing bag 3 can always maintain high temperature, and the metal flow can be promoted well.

[0034] A forming method of a forming device of a wrought aluminum alloy, comprising the following steps:

[0035] S1, first start the existing alternating power supply, and the gas supply equipment, through the existing feeding equipment, the metal blank body 12 is inserted into the cavity formed by the inner wall of the limiting cylinder plate 11 horizontally and transversely, after the metal blank body 12 is inserted and it is confirmed that the metal blank body 12 is at the position opposite to the center of the upper die 1, the existing hydraulic pushing equipment is controlled to drive the extrusion shaft 13 to move forward, and the extrusion shaft 13 moves horizontally and transversely opposite to the center of the metal blank body 12, when one end of the extrusion shaft 13 touches one end of the metal blank body 12, the existing hydraulic pushing equipment is controlled to drive the extrusion shaft 13 to push and extrude the metal blank body 12, and the metal blank body 12 is extruded by the pushing force of the extrusion shaft 13, so as to be extruded to the surface of the upper die 1, and because the surface of the upper die 1 is provided with a shunt hole, one end of the metal blank body 12 passes through the shunt hole on the surface of the upper die 1, so as to form four metal flows with uniform size, and the metal flows continue to extend outward through the surface of the upper die 1 and gradually enter the welding cavity between the upper die 1 and the lower die 2;

[0036] S2, at the same time, when the extrusion shaft 13 moves forward to push and extrude the metal blank body 12, the extrusion shaft 13 drives the extrusion part 15 to move forward, when the extrusion part 15 moves forward, the extrusion part 15 drives the conductive part 16 to insert into the inside of the second magnetic plate 9 and touches the second magnetic plate 9, when the conductive part 16 touches the second magnetic plate 9, the current in the existing alternating power supply flows into the second magnetic plate 9 through the extrusion part 15 and the conductive part 16, and then flows to the electromagnet 5 through the second magnetic plate 9, so that the coil of the electromagnet 5 is connected to the circulating flowing alternating current, because the electromagnet 5 is connected to the alternating current, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 5 are inverted and changed cyclically, so that the magnetic relationship between the electromagnet 5 and the first magnetic plate 8 changes cyclically and regularly, and the time period of the change cycle can be arranged and adjusted according to the working condition;

[0037] S3, in addition, when the extrusion shaft 13 extrudes the metal blank body 12, the extrusion piece 15 also extrudes one end of the heating air bag 10, when the extrusion piece 15 extrudes the heating air bag 10, the gas in the heating air bag 10 is pressed, and the air pressure increases, thereby the pressure valve 7 is pressed to open the valve, when the pressure valve 7 opens the valve, the gas in the heating air bag 10 rushes into the inside of the pressure bag 3 in large quantities, so that the inner cavity of the pressure bag 3 is filled, therefore, when the first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic repulsion force on the electromagnet 5, the electromagnet 5 drives the pressing plate 4 to shrink inwardly, when the pressing plate 4 shrinks, the pressing plate 4 extrudes the inner cavity of the pressure bag 3 greatly, so that the air pressure in the pressure bag 3 increases, thereby the pressure bag 3 extrudes the metal flow formed after the metal blank body 12 passes through the upper die 1 inwardly, so that the metal flow slows down and converges to the center, and because the gas flowing into the pressure bag 3 has high temperature, therefore, the metal flow is softened to a certain extent under the influence of high temperature, so that the β phase AIFeSi in the alloy in the welding cavity can be timely converted into spherical a phase AIFeSi, thereby forming a high-quality formed alloy body, and the welded metal flow extrudes the center die hole of the lower die 2;

[0038] S4, under the action of extrusion force, the metal flow passes through the center die hole of the lower die 2, thereby forming a workpiece with a specific shape required, when the first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic attraction force on the electromagnet 5 after the magnetic repulsion force generated by the first magnetic plate 8 on the electromagnet 5, at this time, the electromagnet 5 drives the pressing plate 4 to expand outwardly, when the pressing plate 4 moves outwardly, the pressing plate 4 drives the outer surface of the pressure bag 3 to open outwardly, so that the internal volume of the pressure bag 3 becomes larger, and the air pressure becomes smaller, therefore, the metal blank body 12 which has not been extruded yet is still pushed to the upper die 1 under the pushing of the extrusion shaft 13, and the metal flow formed by the upper die 1 passes through the welding cavity reserved between the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 again, after the first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic attraction force on the electromagnet 5 for a period of time, the first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic repulsion force on the electromagnet 5 again, at this time, under the influence of magnetic repulsion force, the electromagnet 5 drives the pressing plate 4 to shrink inwardly again, thereby the pressure bag 3 causes strong air pressure force on the metal flow again, so as to soften and weld the metal flow;

[0039] S5, in this way, according to the above steps, the device can be operated cyclically and continuously, so that the metal blank body 12 is continuously pushed and extruded, and passes through the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 in turn, thereby completing the work of extrusion forming.

[0040] The working principle of the use method of the application is as follows:

[0041] When the metal blank body 12 needs to be extruded, first start the existing alternating power supply, and the gas supply device, through the existing feeding device, the metal blank body 12 is inserted into the cavity formed by the inner wall of the limiting cylinder plate 11 horizontally and transversely, when the metal blank body 12 is inserted and it is confirmed that the metal blank body 12 is at the position opposite to the center of the upper die 1, through the existing hydraulic pushing device, the extrusion shaft 13 is moved forward, and the extrusion shaft 13 is opposite to the center of the metal blank body 12, and moves horizontally, when one end of the extrusion shaft 13 touches one end of the metal blank body 12, the existing hydraulic pushing device is controlled to drive the extrusion shaft 13 to push and extrude the metal blank body 12, the metal blank body 12 is extruded by the pushing force of the extrusion shaft 13, so as to be extruded to the surface of the upper die 1, and because the surface of the upper die 1 is provided with a shunt hole, one end of the metal blank body 12 passes through the shunt hole on the surface of the upper die 1, thereby forming four metal flows with uniform size, and the metal flows extend outward through the surface of the upper die 1 and enter the welding cavity between the upper die 1 and the lower die 2.

[0042] At the same time, when the extrusion shaft 13 moves forward to extrude the metal blank body 12, the extrusion shaft 13 also drives the extrusion part 15 to move forward, and then the extrusion part 15 drives the conductive part 16 to gradually insert into the second magnetic plate 9. When the conductive part 16 and the second magnetic plate 9 are in contact, because both of them have conductivity, the existing alternating current circuit is connected, that is, the existing alternating current flows into the second magnetic plate 9 through the extrusion part 15 and the conductive part 16, and then flows to the electromagnet 5 through the second magnetic plate 9, so that the coil of the electromagnet 5 passes through the circulating flow alternating current. Because the electromagnet 5 is energized, the electromagnet 5 has magnetism, and because the electromagnet 5 is energized with alternating current, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet 5 are inverted and circulated continuously. In this way, the magnetic relationship between the electromagnet 5 and the first magnetic plate 8 is continuously and regularly changed, that is, the electromagnet 5 is in repulsion with the first magnetic plate 8 for a period of time, and is in attraction with the first magnetic plate 8 for a period of time. The time period of the change cycle can be arranged and adjusted according to the working conditions.

[0043] Furthermore, when the extrusion shaft 13 extrudes the metal blank 12, the extrusion piece 15 will extrude one end of the heating air bag 10. Since the upper end structure second magnetic plate 9 of the heating air bag 10 is affected by the constant magnetic repulsion force of the first magnetic plate 8, the position of the second magnetic plate 9 is relatively fixed, and the position of the lower end structure limiting cylinder plate 11 of the heating air bag 10 is also relatively fixed. Therefore, when the extrusion piece 15 extrudes the heating air bag 10, the gas inside the heating air bag 10 can only surge horizontally. When the gas inside the heating air bag 10 surges horizontally, the gas pressure presses against the surface of the pressure valve 7, causing the pressure valve 7 to open under pressure. When the pressure valve 7 opens, a large amount of gas inside the heating air bag 10 surges into the inside of the pressure bag 3, thereby filling the inner cavity of the pressure bag 3. At this time, the electromagnet 5 has also completed the energized state and generates magnetism, which interacts with the first magnetic plate 8. If the first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic repulsion force on the electromagnet 5 at this time, the electromagnet 5 drives the pressure plate 4 to contract inward, thereby causing the pressure plate 4 to extrude the inner cavity of the pressure bag 3, increasing the gas pressure inside the pressure bag 3. The internal gas pressure of the pressure bag 3 further extrudes the metal flow formed after the metal blank 12 passes through the upper die 1, slows down the metal flow, and gathers towards the center. Since the gas inside the heating air bag 10 is high-temperature gas, the high-temperature gas inside the heating air bag 10 is supplied by the existing gas supply device. The heating air bag 10 is fixedly connected to the existing gas supply device through a conduit. The gas supply device can supply a constant amount of gas to the heating air bag 10. If the gas inside the heating air bag 10 is consumed, the existing control system can control the gas supply device to supply gas in time. The existing heating device can continuously heat the gas inside the heating air bag 10 to ensure that the gas inside the heating air bag 10 is at a high temperature. Therefore, the gas flowing into the pressure bag 3 is also at a high temperature. As a result, the metal flow extruded by the pressure bag 3 is softened to a certain extent due to the heat conduction of the pressure bag 3. Therefore, the metal flow flows slowly in the welding cavity and gathers towards the center to be welded. The β phase AIFeSi in the alloy can be timely converted to spherical a phase AIFeSi, thereby forming a high-quality formed alloy body. The metal flow after welding is extruded through the center hole of the lower die 2, thereby effectively avoiding the problem of uneven wall thickness of the formed workpiece due to positional deviation of the existing metal flow.

[0044] Furthermore, when the first magnetic plate 8 generates magnetic attraction force to the electromagnet 5, the electromagnet 5 drives the pressing plate 4 to expand outward, and then the pressing plate 4 drives the outer surface of the pressure bag 3 to expand outward, so that the internal volume of the pressure bag 3 becomes larger and the internal air pressure becomes smaller. In this way, the subsequent metal flow formed by the upper die 1 will again flow to the reserved welding cavity between the upper die 1 and the lower die 2 in a large amount, and when the first magnetic plate 8 again generates magnetic repulsion force to the electromagnet 5, under the influence of the magnetic repulsion force, the electromagnet 5 again drives the pressing plate 4 to retract inward, and then the pressure bag 3 again causes strong air pressure to the metal flow, so as to soften and weld the metal flow.

[0045] When the metal flow passes through the die hole at the center of the lower die 2, the extrusion forming work of the metal blank body 12 is completed, and after the metal blank body 12 is completely extruded, the existing power supply device and the gas supply device, as well as the hydraulic pushing device, can be turned off.

[0046] It should be noted that in this document, the terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0047] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A forming apparatus for deformable aluminum alloys, comprising an upper mold (1), characterized in that: A lower mold (2) is fixedly installed on one end of the upper mold (1). A pressure bag (3) is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the lower mold (2). A pressure plate (4) is movably installed on the outer surface of the pressure bag (3). An electromagnet (5) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the pressure plate (4). A fixed connecting plate (6) is fixedly installed on the other end of the upper mold (1). One end surface of the fixed connecting plate (6) is fixedly connected to the opening surface of one end of the pressure bag (3). A pressure valve (7) is fixedly installed on the middle surface of the fixed connecting plate (6). A first magnetic plate (8) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the fixed connecting plate (6). A second magnetic plate (9) is movably installed in the inner cavity of the first magnetic plate (8). A heating airbag (10) is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the second magnetic plate (9). A limiting cylinder plate (11) is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the heating airbag (10). A metal billet body (12) is movably installed on the inner side wall of the limiting cylinder plate (11). An extrusion shaft (13) is movably installed at one end of the metal billet body (12). A fixing member (14) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of one end of the extrusion shaft (13). An extrusion member (15) is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the fixing member (14). A conductive member (16) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the extrusion member (15). Both the first magnetic plate (8) and the second magnetic plate (9) are magnetic. The magnetism of the first magnetic plate (8) and the magnetism of the second magnetic plate (9) are repulsive. The second magnetic plate (9) is conductive. The heating airbag (10) is cylindrical in shape and the inner cavity of the heating airbag (10) is hollow. The inner cavity of the heating airbag (10) is filled with high-temperature gas. The surface of the heating airbag (10) is flexible and heat-resistant. One end of the extrusion member (15) is fixedly connected to the alternating power supply via a wire. One end of the conductive member (16) is connected in series with the extrusion member (15) via a wire. One end of the second magnetic plate (9) is connected to one end of the external coil of the electromagnet (5) via a wire. The other end of the electromagnet (5) is fixedly connected to the alternating power supply via a wire. Thus, the electromagnet (5), the second magnetic plate (9), the conductive member (16), the extrusion member (15), and the alternating power supply form a series circuit.

2. The forming apparatus for deformable aluminum alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: The overall shape of the pressure bag (3) is circular, the cross-sectional shape of the pressure bag (3) is "convex", the inner cavity of the pressure bag (3) is hollow, the surface of the pressure bag (3) is flexible and thermally conductive, and the end of the pressure bag (3) facing the fixed connecting plate (6) is open.

3. The forming apparatus for deformable aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four pressure plates (4), and the pressure plates (4) are evenly distributed in a circular shape on the outer surface of the pressure bag (3). The shape of the pressure plates (4) is arc-shaped, and the curvature of the pressure plates (4) matches the curvature of the outer surface of the pressure bag (3). The pressure plates (4) are thermally conductive. One end of the fixed connecting plate (6) has a groove that matches the end of the pressure plate (4). There are four electromagnets (5), and the position of each electromagnet (5) matches the position of each pressure plate (4).

4. The forming apparatus for deformable aluminum alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure valve (7) is a two-way valve with double opening capability. The pressure valve (7) is located at the junction of one end opening of the pressure bag (3) and one end opening of the heating air bag (10). The fixed connecting plate (6) is annular. The surface of the fixed connecting plate (6) facing the heating air bag (10) has a groove that matches one end of the second magnetic plate (9) and one end of the limiting cylinder plate (11).

5. The forming apparatus for deformable aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four second magnetic plates (9), and the second magnetic plates (9) are evenly distributed in a circular shape on the outer surface of the heating airbag (10). The shape of the second magnetic plates (9) is arc-shaped, and the arc value of the second magnetic plates (9) matches the arc value of the outer surface of the heating airbag (10). There are four limiting cylinder plates (11), and the limiting cylinder plates (11) are evenly distributed in a circular shape on the outer surface of the metal blank body (12). The shape of the limiting cylinder plates (11) is arc-shaped, and the arc value of the limiting cylinder plates (11) matches the arc value of the outer surface of the metal blank body (12). The limiting cylinder plates (11) have thermal conductivity.

6. The forming apparatus for deformable aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two fixing members (14), which are located at the upper and lower ends of the inner sidewall of the extrusion member (15). The extrusion member (15) is circular in shape, and the thickness of the extrusion member (15) is adapted to the thickness of the heating airbag (10). The extrusion member (15) has heat insulation properties. The conductive member (16) has electrical conductivity. There are two conductive members (16), which are located at the upper and lower ends of the outer surface of the extrusion member (15). The surface of the second magnetic plate (9) is provided with a groove that is adapted to the width of the conductive member (16).

7. The forming method of the forming apparatus for wrought aluminum alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. First, start the alternating power supply and the air supply equipment. Through the feeding equipment, insert the metal billet (12) horizontally into the cavity formed by the inner wall of the limiting cylinder plate (11). After the metal billet (12) is inserted and confirmed to be in the position directly facing the center of the upper die (1), then use the hydraulic pushing equipment to drive the extrusion shaft (13) forward and make the extrusion shaft (13) move horizontally in the position directly facing the center of the metal billet (12). When one end of the extrusion shaft (13) is in contact with the metal billet... (12) One end touches each other, and then the hydraulic pushing device is controlled to drive the extrusion shaft (13) forward to push and extrude the metal billet (12). The metal billet (12) is pushed by the extrusion shaft (13) and thus squeezed to the surface of the upper die (1). Since the surface of the upper die (1) is provided with a diversion hole, one end of the metal billet (12) passes through the diversion hole on the surface of the upper die (1), thus forming four uniformly sized metal streams. The metal streams continue to extend outward through the surface of the upper die (1) and gradually enter the welding cavity between the upper die (1) and the lower die (2). S2. Simultaneously, as the extrusion shaft (13) moves forward to push the extruded metal billet (12), the extrusion shaft (13) drives the extruder (15) forward as well. When the extruder (15) moves forward, it drives the conductive element (16) to insert into the interior of the second magnetic plate (9) and contact it. When the conductive element (16) contacts the second magnetic plate (9), the current in the alternating power supply flows into the second magnetic plate (9) through the extruder (15) and the conductive element (16), and then through the second magnetic plate (9). The current flows from the two magnetic plates (9) to the electromagnet (5), causing the coil of the electromagnet (5) to be energized. As the electromagnet (5) is energized, it begins to show magnetism. Since the current flowing through the electromagnet (5) is alternating, the magnetic poles of the electromagnet (5) continuously reverse and change in a cycle. Thus, the magnetic relationship between the electromagnet (5) and the first magnetic plate (8) will change in a continuous cycle and in a regular manner. The time period of the change cycle is arranged and adjusted according to the working conditions. S3. In addition, when the extrusion shaft (13) extrudes the metal billet (12), the extrusion piece (15) will also extrude one end of the heating airbag (10). When the extrusion piece (15) extrudes the heating airbag (10), the gas inside the heating airbag (10) is compressed, and the gas pressure increases, which in turn causes the pressure valve (7) to be compressed and open. When the pressure valve (7) opens, a large amount of gas inside the heating airbag (10) rushes into the interior of the pressure bag (3), thereby filling the inner cavity of the pressure bag (3). Therefore, when the first magnetic plate (8) generates a magnetic repulsion force on the electromagnet (5), the electromagnet (5) drives the pressure plate (4) to contract inward together. When the pressure plate (8) 4) During contraction, the pressure plate (4) squeezes the inner cavity of the pressure bag (3) significantly, increasing the internal air pressure of the pressure bag (3). This causes the pressure bag (3) to squeeze the metal billet (12) inward after passing through the upper mold (1), resulting in a slower flow rate of the metal flow and a convergence towards the center. Furthermore, because the gas flowing into the pressure bag (3) has a high temperature, the metal flow is softened to a certain extent due to the high temperature. This allows the β phase AlFeSi in the alloy in the welding cavity to be transformed into spherical α phase AlFeSi in a timely manner, thereby forming a high-quality molded alloy body. The welded metal flow is pressing the die hole at the center of the lower mold (2). S4. Under the action of extrusion pressure, the metal flow passes through the die hole at the center of the lower die (2), thereby forming a workpiece of the required specific shape. During continuous extrusion molding production, when the first magnetic plate (8) generates magnetic repulsion on the electromagnet (5), the first magnetic plate (8) changes to generating magnetic attraction on the electromagnet (5). At this time, the electromagnet (5) drives the pressure plate (4) to expand outward. When the pressure plate (4) moves outward, the pressure plate (4) drives the outer surface of the pressure bag (3) to open outward, making the internal volume of the pressure bag (3) larger and the air pressure smaller. Then the metal billet that has not yet been extruded can be extruded. (12) Under the push of the extrusion shaft (13), it is still squeezed to the upper mold (1), and the metal flow formed by the upper mold (1) will flow to the welding cavity reserved between the upper mold (1) and the lower mold (2) in large quantities again. After the first magnetic plate (8) generates magnetic attraction force on the electromagnet (5) for a period of time, the first magnetic plate (8) generates magnetic repulsion force on the electromagnet (5) again. At this time, under the influence of magnetic repulsion force, the electromagnet (5) drives the pressure plate (4) to retract inward again, and then the pressure bag (3) generates strong air pressure on the metal flow again, which causes the metal flow to soften and weld. S5. Thus, following the above steps, the device operates continuously in a cycle, causing the metal billet (12) to be continuously pushed through the upper die (1) and the lower die (2) in sequence, thereby completing the extrusion molding process.

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