Automatic depalletizer, depalletizing conveyor system and depalletizing conveyor method for logistics goods

Abstract

This invention relates to an automatic depalletizer, depalletizing and conveying system, and depalletizing and conveying method for logistics goods. The automatic depalletizer includes a main frame, on which a stack lifting unit is arranged. The stack lifting unit includes a lifting mechanism and a stack positioning platform. One side of the main frame has a goods outlet, and the other side has a pallet outlet. The stack positioning platform has a placement position and a working position. A first push plate is movably mounted on the main frame, and a first drive mechanism is also provided on the main frame. A second push plate is also movably mounted on the main frame, and a second drive mechanism is also provided on the main frame. One side of the main frame has a goods slide rail, and the other side of the main frame has a pallet slide rail communicating with the pallet outlet to transport empty pallets to a pallet recycling belt. The overall structure is simple, the control objective is clear, and the control strategy is concise. It effectively improves depalletizing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of logistics cargo depalletizing technology, and in particular to an automatic depalletizing machine, depalletizing conveying system and depalletizing conveying method for logistics cargo. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of online shopping, the number of people shopping online is increasing daily. According to statistics from the State Post Bureau, in 2020, the express delivery volume and revenue reached 83 billion pieces and 875 billion yuan respectively, with more than 3 million people employed in related industries. Logistics warehouses across the country are also constantly expanding. Due to the increasing size of warehouses, most logistics warehouses currently require dedicated personnel to use forklifts to transfer goods from pickup to shipment, or even manual handling. Forklift handling is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also increasingly expensive due to rising labor costs. The main disadvantages of manual handling are as follows: 1. Relying on manual labor to move goods onto the conveyor belt is physically demanding, and workers who handle goods for extended periods often suffer from back injuries; 2. Manual handling is inefficient, as personnel need to move back and forth between multiple categories of goods, locate the goods to be moved, verify the quantity, and then move them; 3. Manual handling has a certain error rate, and the actual quantity of goods loaded may deviate from the delivery note; 4. Labor costs are high, as multiple personnel are required for handling depending on the length of the conveyor belt and the number of goods, resulting in high labor costs.

[0003] Existing technologies also employ logistics conveyor lines to depalletize goods and then transport them to storage or shipping points, significantly reducing manual labor. For example, Chinese invention patent application CN113247565A discloses a novel composite fully automatic depalletizing and conveying system and method. This system includes a feeding and lifting unit, a depalletizing unit, a conveying unit, and a sorting unit. The output of the feeding and lifting unit is connected to the input of the depalletizing unit, and the output of the depalletizing unit is connected to the input of the sorting unit through one or more conveying units. Through the coordinated operation of these units, the transfer and depalletizing of palletized goods is achieved.

[0004] The feeding and lifting unit includes a feeding conveyor mechanism and a feeding lifting mechanism. The feeding conveyor mechanism has a lifting mechanism at its bottom and pallet guide plates on both sides. The conveyor mechanism includes a motor, sprockets, chains, and drive shafts. The lifting mechanism includes a base, drive cylinders, lifting arms, and lifting pallets. The depalletizing unit includes a depalletizing frame, depalletizing motor, conveying mechanism, moving components, depalletizing gripper components, cylinder components, suction cup components, and a receiving conveyor. In actual use, goods with pallets are placed on the feeding conveyor mechanism of the feeding and lifting unit, and then transported to the feeding lifting mechanism. The feeding lifting mechanism rises, and the depalletizing baffle of the receiving conveyor blocks the goods below the first individual item. Then, the depalletizing unit operates, gripping the individual item and placing it on the receiving conveyor, which transports it to the sorting unit. The pallet conveying unit then transports the empty pallet to the pallet recycling unit. The lifting unit returns to its initial state, waiting for the next pallet before repeating the above actions.

[0005] The aforementioned depalletizing and conveying system has the following problems in actual use:

[0006] (1) Materials with pallets need to go through the feeding lifting unit, destacking unit and other mechanisms to separate the pallets from the materials. When the pallets are recycled, the chain is driven by the motor to transport the pallets to the pallet recycling unit. The destacking unit needs to be specially equipped with a matching pallet conveying mechanism. At the same time, when goods with pallets are lifted, the conveying mechanism needs to be lifted as a whole. The drive mechanism, transmission mechanism and corresponding parts involved are numerous, the overall structure is relatively complex, the equipment cost is high, the subsequent maintenance is more complicated, and the corresponding material conveying efficiency is low.

[0007] (2) When the pallet is recycled, it needs to go through the synchronous matching action of the conveying mechanism and the subsequent pallet recycling unit. The control process of separating the pallet from the goods is relatively complicated.

[0008] (3) The working path of the depalletizing unit needs to pass through the area above the pallet with goods and the receiving conveyor. The overall conveying path is long, which affects the depalletizing efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic depalletizer for logistics goods, so as to solve the problem that the equipment structure for separating pallets and goods in the existing depalletizing and conveying system is too complicated, the control process is too cumbersome, and the depalletizing efficiency is affected; the purpose of this invention is also to provide a depalletizing and conveying system using the automatic depalletizer for logistics goods; the purpose of this invention is also to provide a depalletizing and conveying method of the depalletizing and conveying system.

[0010] To solve the above problems, the automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods involved in this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0011] An automatic depalletizer for logistics goods includes a main frame with a stack lifting unit mounted on it. The stack lifting unit includes a lifting mechanism and a stack positioning platform positioned on top of the lifting mechanism. One side of the main frame has a goods outlet, and the other side has a pallet outlet. During vertical movement, the stack positioning platform has a placement position that moves downwards to a lower position for placing the stack, and a working position that moves upwards intermittently to align each layer of goods and pallets in the stack with the goods outlet and pallet outlet from top to bottom. A first push plate is movably mounted on the main frame. The system also includes a first drive mechanism for driving the first pusher plate to reciprocate toward and away from the goods outlet to drive a single layer of goods on the pallet to the goods outlet. A second pusher plate is also movably mounted on the main frame. The main frame also includes a second drive mechanism for driving the second pusher plate to reciprocate toward and away from the pallet outlet to drive an empty pallet to the pallet outlet. One side of the main frame is provided with a goods chute that communicates with the goods outlet to transport goods to the goods conveyor belt. The other side of the main frame is provided with a pallet chute that communicates with the pallet outlet to transport an empty pallet to the pallet recycling belt.

[0012] Furthermore, the pallet chute is arranged vertically in the up-down direction, and the bottom of the pallet chute has a tray outlet for suspension above the pallet recycling belt; the pallet chute includes an arc-shaped guide section connected to the pallet outlet to adjust the empty pallet to a vertical position, and an inclined correction section that gradually extends from top to bottom toward the recycling belt is connected between the arc-shaped guide section and the tray outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, a receiving base is arranged directly below the outlet, and the top of the receiving base has a guide surface that slopes downward and extends onto the pallet recycling belt. The guide surface is used to guide the empty pallet to be tilted and conveyed onto the pallet recycling belt.

[0014] Furthermore, a buffer plate is provided at the outlet of the tray, and the buffer plate is rotatably connected to one side of the tray return belt opposite to the tray outlet via a spring-loaded hinge.

[0015] Furthermore, the cargo chute is an arc-shaped chute that gradually slopes downwards from the cargo outlet.

[0016] Furthermore, the width of the arc-shaped slide gradually decreases from the inlet side to the outlet side.

[0017] Furthermore, a first guide rail is provided on the main frame above the cargo positioning platform. The first guide rail extends perpendicular to the cargo translation direction. The first drive mechanism includes a first electrically controlled slider arranged on the first guide rail. A hydraulic push rod is connected to the first electrically controlled slider. The hydraulic push rod extends toward the cargo outlet. The first push plate is fixed to the output end of the hydraulic push rod.

[0018] Furthermore, a second guide rail is provided on the main frame above the pallet positioning platform, the second guide rail extends toward the pallet outlet direction, and the second drive mechanism includes a second electrically controlled slider that is guided and mounted on the second guide rail, and the second push plate is fixed on the second electrically controlled slider.

[0019] The destacking and conveying system involved in this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0020] A depalletizing and conveying system includes a goods conveyor belt, a pallet recovery belt, and at least one automatic depalletizer arranged beside the goods conveyor belt and the pallet recovery belt. The automatic depalletizer includes a main frame, on which a stack lifting unit is arranged. The stack lifting unit includes a lifting mechanism and a stack positioning platform arranged on top of the lifting mechanism. One side of the main frame has a goods outlet, and the other side has a pallet outlet. During the vertical lifting process, the stack positioning platform has a placement position that moves downward to a lower position for placing the stack, and also has a working position that moves upward intermittently to align each layer of goods and pallets of the stack with the goods outlet and pallet outlet layer by layer from top to bottom. The main frame is movably mounted with a first push plate, and the main frame is also provided with a first drive mechanism for driving the first push plate to reciprocate towards and away from the goods outlet to drive a single layer of goods on the pallet to the goods outlet. The main frame is also movably mounted with a second push plate, and the main frame is also provided with a second drive mechanism for driving the second push plate to reciprocate towards and away from the pallet outlet to drive an empty pallet to the pallet outlet. One side of the main frame is provided with a goods chute connected to the goods outlet to transport goods to the goods conveyor belt, and the other side of the main frame is provided with a pallet chute connected to the pallet outlet to transport an empty pallet to the pallet recycling belt.

[0021] Furthermore, the pallet chute is arranged vertically in the up-down direction, and the bottom of the pallet chute has a tray outlet for suspension above the pallet recycling belt; the pallet chute includes an arc-shaped guide section connected to the pallet outlet to adjust the empty pallet to a vertical position, and an inclined correction section that gradually extends from top to bottom toward the recycling belt is connected between the arc-shaped guide section and the tray outlet.

[0022] Furthermore, a receiving base is arranged directly below the outlet, and the top of the receiving base has a guide surface that slopes downward and extends onto the pallet recycling belt. The guide surface is used to guide the empty pallet to be tilted and conveyed onto the pallet recycling belt.

[0023] Furthermore, a buffer plate is provided at the outlet of the tray, and the buffer plate is rotatably connected to one side of the tray return belt opposite to the tray outlet via a spring-loaded hinge.

[0024] Furthermore, the cargo chute is an arc-shaped chute that gradually slopes downwards from the cargo outlet.

[0025] Furthermore, the width of the arc-shaped slide gradually decreases from the inlet side to the outlet side.

[0026] Furthermore, a first guide rail is provided on the main frame above the cargo positioning platform. The first guide rail extends perpendicular to the cargo translation direction. The first drive mechanism includes a first electrically controlled slider arranged on the first guide rail. A hydraulic push rod is connected to the first electrically controlled slider. The hydraulic push rod extends toward the cargo outlet. The first push plate is fixed to the output end of the hydraulic push rod.

[0027] Furthermore, a second guide rail is provided on the main frame above the pallet positioning platform, the second guide rail extends toward the pallet outlet direction, and the second drive mechanism includes a second electrically controlled slider that is guided and mounted on the second guide rail, and the second push plate is fixed on the second electrically controlled slider.

[0028] The destacking and conveying method involved in this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0029] The destacking and conveying method includes the following steps:

[0030] Step 1: Move the stack of goods to the stack positioning platform on the main frame using a forklift;

[0031] Step 2: The lifting mechanism operates, driving the pallet positioning platform upwards, aligning the top layer of goods on the pallet with the goods exit;

[0032] Step 3: The first drive mechanism operates, driving the first pusher plate to move, pushing the top layer of goods to the goods outlet, pushing the goods onto the goods chute connected to the goods outlet, and sliding onto the goods conveyor belt; the first drive mechanism operates in reverse, driving the first pusher plate to move in the opposite direction to the initial position;

[0033] Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all the goods on the pallet have been pushed out;

[0034] Step 5: The lifting mechanism operates, driving the empty pallet upwards and aligning it with the pallet outlet;

[0035] Step Six: The second drive mechanism operates, driving the second push plate to move and pushing the pallet to the pallet outlet. The pallet is pushed into the pallet slide, and after passing through the arc-shaped guide section and the tilt correction section, it is adjusted to a vertical position. Then, the buffer plate is pushed open and the pallet falls onto the receiving base. Then, it is guided to the pallet recycling belt through the guide surface. The pallet recycling belt operates to recycle the pallet. The second drive mechanism operates in the opposite direction to restore the second push rod to its initial position.

[0036] Step 7: The lifting mechanism operates, lowering the pallet placement platform to the placement position.

[0037] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods involved in this invention, in actual use, only requires the design of a first push plate and a second push plate, and the installation of corresponding goods slides and pallet slides at the goods outlet and pallet outlet. During goods depalletizing, only the first drive mechanism drives the first push plate to move back and forth, which can realize the layer-by-layer depalletizing of goods on the stack. When the pallet is recycled, only the second drive mechanism drives the second push plate to move back and forth, which can drop the pallet from the goods slide onto the pallet recycling belt. The overall structure is simple, with fewer transmission and drive components involved, resulting in low cost. It only requires a reasonable layout of slides and a drive mechanism to drive the push plates on the main frame, making maintenance convenient. In addition, when the pallet is recycled, it falls directly onto the pallet recycling belt through the pallet slide, without the need for subsequent electronic control of the pallet. The overall structure control only requires the stack placement platform and the first and second push rods, with a clear control objective and a simple control strategy. The working path of the first push rod only needs to be laid out on the stack positioning platform, which is short, quick to operate, and effectively improves depalletizing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the destacking and conveying system of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Front view of

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Right view of the automatic depalletizer;

[0042] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Top view of the automatic depalletizer;

[0043] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A partial 3D view of the tray outlet position in the middle tray slide;

[0044] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Assembly diagram showing the positions of the outlet and the receiving base;

[0045] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Flowchart of the depalletizing process for an automatic depalletizer;

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 3 Flowchart of pallet recycling process for automatic depalletizer;

[0047] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A flowchart showing the process of a medium-sized pallet falling onto a pallet recycling belt.

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Cargo conveyor belt; 2-Pallet recovery belt; 3-Automatic depalletizer; 4-Cargo stack; 5-Pallet; 6-Lifting mechanism; 7-Cargo stack positioning platform; 8-Cargo outlet; 9-Pallet outlet; 10-Cargo slide; 11-Pallet slide; 12-First push plate; 13-Second push plate; 14-First electrically controlled slider; 15-Second electrically controlled slider; 16-First guide rail; 17-Second guide rail; 18-Hydraulic push rod; 19-Bracket; 20-Positioning sensor; 21-Arc-shaped guide section; 22-Tilting correction section; 23-Discharge port; 24-Buffer plate; 25-Spring hinge; 26-Receiving base; 27-Guiding surface; 28-Horizontal plane; 29-Open notch; 30-Protective net; 31-Main frame; 32-Cargo inventory detection sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the technical objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention; that is, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0050] Specific embodiments of the depalletizing and conveying system involved in this invention are as follows: Figures 1-9 As shown, the depalletizing and conveying system includes a depalletizing conveyor line extending forward and backward. The depalletizing conveyor line includes a goods conveyor belt 1, and pallet recovery belts 2 are respectively provided on the left and right sides of the goods conveyor belt 1. The goods conveyor line and pallet recovery belts 2 are parallel to each other and arranged in the forward and backward direction. Automatic depalletizers 3 are provided on both sides of the depalletizing conveyor line. In this embodiment, to increase depalletizing efficiency, several sets of automatic depalletizers 3 are evenly distributed in the forward and backward direction. Of course, in other embodiments, the number of automatic depalletizers 3 can be arbitrarily set according to actual needs and is not specifically limited.

[0051] Taking the automatic depalletizer 3 on the left side of the depalletizing conveyor line as an example, in this embodiment, it includes a main frame 31. The main frame 31 is a rectangular frame structure formed by beams and columns. A lifting mechanism 6 is fixed to the bottom inside the main frame 31. A pallet positioning platform 7 is set on the top of the lifting mechanism 6. In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 6 is a crossarm type lift, and its structure and working principle are consistent with the prior art, so it will not be described in detail. The pallet positioning platform 7 is used by a forklift to place the stacked pallets 4 onto the pallet positioning platform 7 during operation.

[0052] The main frame 31 has a goods outlet 8 on its right side and a pallet outlet 9 on its rear side. During vertical movement, the pallet positioning platform 7 has a downward position for forklifts to place the pallet 4 on it; it also has an upward intermittent position to align each layer of goods and pallets 5 from top to bottom with the goods outlet 8 and pallet outlet 9. The pallet positioning platform 7 can be programmed to control the lifting mechanism 6, moving it to a specified height. This enables automated transport of goods. In this embodiment, both the goods outlet 8 and pallet outlet 9 are formed through the gaps between the columns of the main frame 31. In other embodiments, openings can be specifically designed at a set height for pallets 5 and goods to be removed.

[0053] A cargo chute 10 connects the cargo outlet 8 and the cargo conveyor belt 1. The outlet of the cargo chute 10 extends towards the cargo conveyor belt 1. After being destacking, the goods fall directly onto the cargo conveyor belt 1 after passing through the cargo chute 10. In addition, to ensure accurate positioning of the goods after they fall onto the cargo conveyor belt 1, reduce the impact force between the goods and the conveyor belt, and ensure damage-free transport of the goods, in this embodiment, the cargo chute 10 is an arc-shaped chute that gradually slopes downward from the cargo outlet 8. A pallet chute 11 also connects the pallet outlet 9 and the pallet recycling belt 2. The pallet chute 11 is used to guide the empty pallets 5 after destacking onto the pallet recycling belt 2.

[0054] In order to drive the goods and pallet 5, in this embodiment, a first push plate 12 is movably mounted on the top of the main frame 31, and a first drive mechanism is also provided on the main frame 31 for driving the first push plate 12 to reciprocate towards and away from the goods outlet 8 to push the single layer of goods on the stack 4 to the goods outlet 8; a second push plate 13 is also movably mounted on the top of the main frame 31, and a second drive mechanism is also provided on the main frame 31 for driving the second push plate 13 to reciprocate towards and away from the pallet outlet 9 to drive the empty pallet 5 to the pallet outlet 9.

[0055] For the first drive mechanism, a first guide rail 16 is arranged on one side above the pallet positioning platform 7. The first guide rail 16 extends in the front-to-back direction and is parallel to the conveying direction of the goods conveyor belt 1. The first drive mechanism includes a first electrically controlled slider 14 guided and mounted on the first guide rail 16. The first electrically controlled slider 14 slides along the first guide rail 16. A hydraulic push rod 18 is connected to the first electrically controlled slider 14. The output end of the hydraulic push rod 18 is connected to the aforementioned first push plate 12. In the initial state, the first push plate 12 is located inside the left side of the main frame 31 and outside the left and right contours of the pallet 4 to prevent interference with the lifting path of the pallet 4. When pushing goods, the first electrically controlled slider 14 drives the first push plate 12 to the middle position of the first guide rail 16. At the same time, corresponding to the middle position of the leftmost goods, the output end of the hydraulic push rod 18 extends, driving the first push plate 12 to move towards the goods, pushing the goods to the goods outlet 8. Then, the goods slide onto the goods conveyor belt 1 via the goods slide 10.

[0056] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the front and back position of the first electrically controlled slider 14, a rack is also provided on the main frame 31, which is arranged parallel to the first guide rail 16. The upper and lower ends of the first electrically controlled slider 14 or the hydraulic push rod 18 are provided with gears, which mesh with the rack to ensure the stability and positional accuracy of the first electrically controlled slider 14 when driving the first push plate 12 to adjust its position.

[0057] Regarding the second drive mechanism, a second guide rail 17 extends above the pallet positioning platform 7 in a front-to-back direction. The second drive mechanism includes a second electrically controlled slider 15, which is guided and mounted on the second guide rail 17. A bracket 19 is fixedly connected to the second electrically controlled slider 15, extending to the vicinity of the front middle position of the main frame 31. The aforementioned second push plate 13 is connected to the lower end of the bracket 19 and is located away from the pallet outlet 9. When it is necessary to recycle the pallet 5, the second electrically controlled slider 15 operates, driving the second push plate 13 to push the pallet 5 from front to back, moving the pallet 5 to the pallet outlet 9, and then sliding it down onto the pallet recycling belt 2 via the pallet slide 11.

[0058] Preferably, for the pallet slide 11, such as Figure 2As shown, the pallet chute 11 is arranged vertically in the up-down direction. The vertical chute can effectively shorten the overall length of the recycling belt when the pallet 5 is recycled. It is located on the rear side of the main frame 31. The inlet of the pallet chute 11 is opposite to the pallet outlet 9, and the outlet extends to the right side of the main frame 31 above the pallet recycling belt 2. The bottom of the pallet chute 11 has an outlet 23 for suspending above the pallet recycling belt 2. In order to achieve posture adjustment, in this embodiment, the pallet chute 11 includes an arc-shaped guide section 21 connected to the pallet outlet 9 to adjust the empty pallet 5 to a vertical posture. An inclined correction section 22 that gradually tilts downward toward the recycling belt is connected between the arc-shaped guide section 21 and the outlet 23. When the pallet 5 is pushed horizontally from the pallet outlet 9 into the pallet slide 11, it is first guided by the arc-shaped guide section 21 to adjust it to a vertical position before falling. The arc-shaped guide section 21 can stably adjust the pallet 5 to a vertical position. After the adjustment is completed, the pallet 5 falls automatically and passes through the tilt correction section 22 to correct the position of the pallet 5 so that its bottom surface falls horizontally out of the pan opening 23.

[0059] In this embodiment, to ensure that the pallet automatically enters the pallet recycling belt 2 when it exits from the outlet 23, a receiving base 26 is arranged directly below the outlet 23 to receive the falling pallet 5. Specifically, the pallet recycling belt 2 has two sections, with the gap between the two sections located directly below the outlet 23. The receiving base 26 is installed in the gap. The top of the receiving base 26 has a guide surface 27 that extends downwards onto the pallet recycling belt 2. The guide surface 27 is used to guide the empty pallet 5 to be tilted and conveyed onto the pallet recycling belt 2. The inclination angle of the guide surface 27 is about 4°, which ensures that the falling pallet 5 can slide backwards and contact the belt on the pallet recycling belt 2. In addition, there is a horizontal surface 28 at the upper front edge of the receiving base 26 that is connected to the guide surface 27. This horizontal surface 28 can ensure that there are no sharp corners on the top surface of the receiving base 26, so as to avoid causing punctures to equipment or people. The height of this horizontal surface 28 is on the same horizontal line as the highest point of the pallet recycling belt 2, ensuring that the pallet 5 conveyed from the front will not be stuck or obstructed.

[0060] A buffer plate 24 is also provided at the outlet of the tray 23. The buffer plate 24 is rotatably connected to the side of the tray 23 facing away from the tray recovery belt 2 via a spring-loaded hinge 25. The buffer plate 24 is positioned below the tray 23 and is closed before the tray 5 falls. When the tray 5 falls, the buffer plate 24 slows down the opening speed, reduces the falling speed of the tray 5, protects the tray 5 and the receiving base 26, and prevents the tray 5 from shifting position due to rapid falling. In addition, the swinging posture of the buffer plate 24 connected by the spring-loaded hinge 25 during opening and closing can also guide the bottom of the tray 5 to a certain extent. Before sliding out of the tray 23, the bottom of the tray 5 tends to move backward under the guidance of the buffer plate 24, making it easier for the tray 5 to move from the receiving base 26 to the tray recovery belt 2.

[0061] In order to ensure that the pallet 5 can be smoothly adjusted to a horizontal position after falling into the pallet slide 11, there is an open notch 29 on the rear side wall of the outlet 23. The open notch 29 can leave enough space to ensure that the pallet 5 can be tilted smoothly and avoid being stuck.

[0062] In this embodiment, to achieve accurate positioning and detection of the lifting height of the stack 4, a positioning sensor 20 is installed at the top of the main frame 31 at the height corresponding to the cargo outlet 8. Simultaneously, to monitor the cargo quantity at the corresponding cargo outlet 8 height in real time, a cargo inventory detection sensor 32 is installed on the upright of the self-grabbing frame at the corresponding cargo height position. This cargo inventory detection sensor 32 is mainly used to detect the remaining amount of cargo when a single layer of cargo is unstacking. When the cargo layer is completely pushed out, the cargo inventory detection sensor 32 detects no cargo and transmits a signal to the back-end control terminal. The back-end control terminal then transmits a control signal to the electric control module of the lifting mechanism, allowing the lifting mechanism to continue rising and lifting the next top layer of cargo on the stack until the positioning sensor 20 detects the cargo's arrival signal and stops working. In this embodiment, the positioning sensor can be a proximity sensor or a pressure sensor, without specific limitations. The cargo inventory detection sensor 32 can be an infrared detection sensor, and two sensors can be installed, with a general structure as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, they are respectively arranged on the two columns of the main frame 30 and cross-checked horizontally above the stack to ensure that the single-layer area of ​​the entire stack is covered.

[0063] To prevent goods from falling and being damaged, and to protect the goods recovery bin 6 from collisions, a fall protection net 30 is installed inside the rear side of the lifting support 193.

[0064] The automatic depalletizer 3 mainly includes the following control process: 1. Cargo lifting; The bottom lifting mechanism 6 uses hydraulic and electric control modules or mechanical transmission. The system adaptively adjusts the lifting height of the pallet positioning platform 7 according to the cargo size data entered in the background, so as to always ensure that the top layer of cargo is at the preset height. The positioning sensor 20 detects the amount of cargo used at the current height, thereby automatically controlling the lifting mechanism 6 to lift. II. Standby Process: When the goods reach the preset height, the program triggers the first push plate 12 to move. When the first push plate 12 contacts the goods, the pressure sensor sends a signal back, the push rod stops, and the equipment goes into standby mode. III. Automatic Dispatch: The PC control terminal scans the barcode to enter the outbound order. The equipment unit automatically receives the work instruction, i.e., the amount of goods to be dispensed, and triggers the first push plate 12 to move at a fixed distance, pushing the goods into the arc-shaped slide and onto the goods conveyor belt 1. When the goods inventory detection sensor 32 detects that there are no goods at the current height, it triggers the platform to continue to lift according to the preset height, thereby ensuring that the second layer of goods can continue to be dispensed. IV. Pallet 5 Retrieval: After the entire stack 4 has been dispensed, the program triggers the second push plate 13 to push the pallet 5 into the pallet slide 11. With the arc-shaped guide function of the pallet slide 11, the pallet 5 falls into the pallet 5 bin. The pallet 5 slides out of the bin and falls onto the pallet 5 conveyor belt, realizing the destacking and pallet 5 retrieval.

[0065] Example 2: The difference from Example 1 is that the pallet slide 11 can also be designed as an arc-shaped slide that extends directly to the pallet recycling belt 2.

[0066] Example 3: The difference from Example 1 is that the receiving base 26 below the outlet 23 can be designed by extending the bottom buffer plate 24 of the outlet 23 and extending it at an angle instead.

[0067] Example 4: The difference from Example 1 is that the first drive mechanism and the second drive mechanism can both be replaced by a screw and nut mechanism, a cam mechanism, or a multi-section telescopic cylinder.

[0068] Example 5 differs from Example 1 in that the first push plate 12 and the second push plate 13 can be replaced by a clamping suction cup that is washed and then pulled out.

[0069] In other embodiments, the main frame 31 may adopt a hexagonal or other polygonal frame structure, and the orientation of the pallet outlet 9 and the goods outlet 8 may be perpendicular, opposite, or at a set angle.

[0070] The specific embodiment of the automatic depalletizer for logistics goods involved in this invention has the same structure as the automatic depalletizer 3 in any embodiment of the depalletizing and conveying system described above, and will not be described in detail.

[0071] An embodiment of the depalletizing and conveying method of the depalletizing and conveying system involved in this invention includes the following steps:

[0072] Step 1: Move the stack 4 to the stack positioning platform 7 on the main frame 31 using a forklift;

[0073] Step 2: Drive the pallet positioning platform 7 upwards, so that the top layer of goods on the pallet 4 is aligned with the goods exit 8; the PC controls the lifting mechanism 6 to work. The system adaptively adjusts the lifting height of the pallet positioning platform 7 according to the goods size data entered in the background, always ensuring that the top layer of goods is at the preset height, and detects the amount of goods used at the current height through the goods inventory detection sensor 32, thereby automatically controlling the lifting mechanism 6 to lift.

[0074] Step 3: The program triggers the first drive mechanism to work, driving the first push plate 12 to move and push the top layer of goods to the goods outlet 8. The goods are pushed onto the goods slide 10 connected to the goods outlet 8 and slide onto the goods conveyor belt 1. The first drive mechanism works in reverse, driving the first push plate 12 to move in the opposite direction to the initial position.

[0075] Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all the goods on pallet 5 have been pushed out;

[0076] Step 5: The lifting mechanism 6 operates, driving the empty pallet 5 upwards and aligning it with the pallet outlet 9;

[0077] Step Six: The second drive mechanism operates, driving the second push plate 13 to move, pushing the pallet 5 to the pallet outlet 9. The pallet 5 is pushed into the pallet slide 11, and after passing through the arc-shaped guide section 21 and the tilt correction section 22, it is adjusted to a vertical position. Then, the buffer plate 24 is pushed open and the pallet falls onto the receiving base 26. Then, it is guided to the pallet recovery belt 2 through the guide surface 27. The pallet recovery belt 2 operates to recover the pallet 5. The second drive mechanism operates in the opposite direction to restore the second push rod to its initial position.

[0078] Step 7: The lifting mechanism 6 operates, driving the pallet positioning platform 7 down to the placement position.

[0079] The control and position detection of this destacking method can be controlled by a controller or a PC. Its control logic and principle are consistent with existing technologies and will not be described in detail.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustration and not for limiting the technical solutions of the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions, modifications or partial substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods, characterized in that, The system includes a main frame on which a stacking unit is mounted. The stacking unit includes a lifting mechanism and a stack positioning platform located on top of the lifting mechanism. One side of the main frame has a goods outlet, and the other side has a pallet outlet. During vertical movement, the stack positioning platform has a placement position that moves downwards to a lower position for placing the stack, and a working position that moves upwards intermittently to align each layer of goods and pallets from top to bottom with the goods outlet and pallet outlet, respectively. A first push plate is movably mounted on the main frame. The main frame also has a first drive mechanism for driving the first push plate to reciprocate towards and away from the goods outlet to drive a single layer of goods on the stack to the goods outlet. A second push plate is also movably mounted on the main frame. The main frame also has a second drive mechanism for driving the second push plate to reciprocate towards and away from the pallet outlet to drive empty pallets to the pallet outlet. One side of the main frame has a goods chute connected to the goods outlet to transport goods to a goods conveyor belt, and the other side of the main frame has a pallet chute connected to the pallet outlet to transport empty pallets to a pallet recycling belt.

2. The automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pallet chute is arranged vertically in the up-down direction, and the bottom of the pallet chute has a tray outlet for suspension above the pallet recycling belt; the pallet chute includes an arc-shaped guide section connected to the pallet outlet to adjust the empty pallet to a vertical position, and an inclined correction section that gradually extends from top to bottom toward the pallet recycling belt is connected between the arc-shaped guide section and the tray outlet.

3. The automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods according to claim 2, characterized in that, A receiving base is arranged directly below the outlet, and the top of the receiving base has a guide surface that slopes downward and extends onto the pallet recycling belt. The guide surface is used to guide the empty pallet to be tilted and conveyed onto the pallet recycling belt.

4. The automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods according to claim 3, characterized in that, A buffer plate is provided at the outlet of the tray, and the buffer plate is rotatably connected to one side of the tray recovery belt opposite to the tray outlet via a spring-loaded hinge.

5. The automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The cargo chute is an arc-shaped chute that gradually slopes downwards from the cargo outlet.

6. The automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods according to claim 5, characterized in that, The width of the arc-shaped slide gradually decreases from the inlet side to the outlet side.

7. The automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The main frame is provided with a first guide rail above the cargo positioning platform. The first guide rail extends perpendicular to the cargo translation direction. The first drive mechanism includes a first electrically controlled slider arranged on the first guide rail. A hydraulic push rod is connected to the first electrically controlled slider. The hydraulic push rod extends toward the cargo outlet. The first push plate is fixed to the output end of the hydraulic push rod.

8. The automatic depalletizing machine for logistics goods according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The main frame is provided with a second guide rail above the pallet positioning platform. The second guide rail extends toward the pallet outlet direction. The second drive mechanism includes a second electrically controlled slider that is guided and mounted on the second guide rail. The second push plate is fixed on the second electrically controlled slider.

9. A depalletizing and conveying system, comprising a goods conveyor belt, a pallet recovery belt, and at least one automatic depalletizer arranged beside the goods conveyor belt and the pallet recovery belt, characterized in that, The automatic depalletizer is the automatic depalletizer for logistics goods as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A destacking and conveying method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Move the stack of goods to the stack positioning platform on the main frame using a forklift; Step 2: The lifting mechanism operates, driving the pallet positioning platform upwards, aligning the top layer of goods on the pallet with the goods exit; Step 3: The first drive mechanism operates, driving the first pusher plate to move, pushing the top layer of goods to the goods outlet, pushing the goods onto the goods chute connected to the goods outlet, and sliding onto the goods conveyor belt; the first drive mechanism operates in reverse, driving the first pusher plate to move in the opposite direction to the initial position; Step 4: Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all the goods on the pallet have been pushed out; Step 5: The lifting mechanism operates, driving the empty pallet upwards and aligning it with the pallet outlet; Step Six: The second drive mechanism operates, driving the second push plate to move and pushing the pallet to the pallet outlet. The pallet is pushed into the pallet slide, and after passing through the arc-shaped guide section and the tilt correction section, it is adjusted to a vertical position. Then, the buffer plate is pushed open and the pallet falls onto the receiving base. Then, it is guided to the pallet recycling belt through the guide surface. The pallet recycling belt operates to recycle the pallet. The second drive mechanism operates in the opposite direction to restore the second push rod to its initial position. Step 7: The lifting mechanism operates, lowering the pallet placement platform to the placement position.

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