A non-powered overflow interception device and its application

Abstract

This invention discloses a non-powered interception and overflow device and its application. The non-powered interception and overflow device includes a ditch body, an overflow weir, a water-retaining dike, a buoyancy-based water-retaining plate system, and a hook system. The non-powered interception and overflow device of this invention can be applied to the interception of non-point source pollution from agricultural tailwater and initial rainwater, urban rainwater runoff, and energy dissipation in rivers and ditches. This invention requires minimal management and maintenance and features non-powered operation, automatic interception, low maintenance costs, and wide application range. It can intercept agricultural tailwater and urban initial rainwater and has broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy interception and overflow control technology, specifically relating to a non-powered interception and overflow device and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, farmland wastewater in farmland ditches is mostly discharged directly into rivers. Some interception is mainly achieved by raising the field embankments to contain the wastewater in the fields, but this creates gravity-fed water that can easily cause groundwater and farmland soil pollution. Rural areas lack complete rainwater and sewage separation and interception facilities and have not formed a complete rainwater and sewage collection system. Initial rainwater does not stop and mainly flows directly into rivers or lakes, causing a significant impact on receiving water bodies.

[0003] On the other hand, initial rainwater often carries high concentrations of pollutants, and concentrated discharge in a short period of time often exceeds the watershed's pollutant carrying capacity, which has a significant impact on the stability of the watershed's ecosystem.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an interception and overflow control device for intercepting and controlling non-point source pollution such as agricultural wastewater and initial rainwater, and to mitigate the impact of non-point source pollution on the hydrology and ecology of the watershed in a short period of time and in a concentrated manner. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a non-powered interception and overflow device and its application. This non-powered interception and overflow device can be applied to the interception of non-point source pollution from farmland tailwater and initial rainwater runoff, urban stormwater drainage, and energy dissipation in rivers and ditches. This invention utilizes a combination of buoyancy and levers to achieve non-powered water interception in ditches, eliminating the need for additional power sources. During its operation, this invention divides the water level in the ditch into three different levels: ecological base flow, initial interception, and subsequent overflow. During periods of non-concentrated drainage in rivers and ditches, this device ensures normal water flow in the ditches, i.e., guarantees the ecological base flow. When concentrated drainage occurs or initial rainwater forms, this invention can intercept the concentrated discharge or initial rainwater, extending the residence time of non-point source pollution in upstream rivers and ditches, fully utilizing the self-purification capacity of the watershed ecosystem, and reducing the impact of non-point source pollution on downstream rivers, ditches, and lakes. This invention requires minimal management and maintenance. It features non-powered operation, automatic interception, low maintenance costs, and wide applicability. It can intercept non-point source pollution such as farmland tailwater and urban initial rainwater, and can also dissipate overflow energy in rivers and ditches, thus having broad application prospects.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A non-powered interception and overflow device includes a ditch body, an overflow weir, a water-retaining dike, a buoyancy-retaining water-retaining plate system, and a hook system;

[0008] A water-retaining embankment is suspended above the bottom of the ditch. The two sides of the water-retaining embankment are connected to the sides of the ditch through overflow weirs. The water-facing side of the water-retaining embankment has a through-hole for water intake, and the water-receiving side of the water-retaining embankment has a water collection channel. The water intake hole is connected to the water collection channel.

[0009] The buoyancy baffle system includes a first rotating hinge, a baffle plate, a float, and a support column;

[0010] The first rotating hinge is located between the bottoms of the overflow weirs on both sides of the water-retaining dike. The water-retaining plate is located below the water-retaining dike. One end of the water-retaining plate is connected to the first rotating hinge, and the other end of the water-retaining plate is connected to the float. The end of the water-retaining plate connected to the float faces the backwater side of the water-retaining dike, and a support column is provided on the float.

[0011] The hook system includes a second rotary hinge, a lever, a counterweight, a water collection tank, and a hook.

[0012] The second rotating hinge is set on the back side of the water-retaining dike. Both ends of the second rotating hinge are connected to the water-retaining dike. The lever is fixed on the second rotating hinge. One end of the lever is connected to a counterweight, and the other end of the lever is connected to a water collection tank. A small water outlet hole is provided at the bottom of the water collection tank. The hook is set on the second rotating hinge. The hook corresponds to the position of the support column. The water inlet hole is connected to the water collection tank through the water collection channel.

[0013] Preferably, the cross-section of the ditch body is trapezoidal, circular, or rectangular.

[0014] Preferably, the ditch body is constructed of concrete.

[0015] Preferably, the overflow weir is constructed of concrete.

[0016] Preferably, the height of the overflow weir is lower than the height of the retaining wall.

[0017] Preferably, the water-retaining dike is a cubic cavity with one open side.

[0018] Preferably, the water-retaining embankment is made of concrete.

[0019] Preferably, the pontoon is made of a buoyant material.

[0020] Preferably, the hook is located at the end of the second rotating hinge, and the support is located at the end of the pontoon.

[0021] Preferably, there are two hooks, which are respectively located at the two ends of the second rotating hinge; there are two supports, which are respectively located at the two ends of the pontoon.

[0022] The present invention also provides an application of the non-powered interception overflow device as described above in the interception of non-point source pollution from farmland tailwater and initial rainwater. The non-powered interception overflow device is installed in farmland drainage ditches / rivers and canals to intercept non-point source pollution from farmland tailwater and initial rainwater.

[0023] The present invention also provides an application of the non-powered interception overflow device as described above in urban stormwater drainage, wherein the non-powered interception overflow device is installed in urban stormwater drainage ditches to intercept initial rainwater in the city and reduce the concentrated impact of initial rainwater on rivers and lakes.

[0024] The present invention also provides an application of the non-powered interception and overflow device as described above in energy dissipation in rivers and ditches. The non-powered interception and overflow device is installed in the river and ditch and serves as an energy dissipation pier for the river and ditch, thereby diverting the water volume of the river and ditch while reducing the hydraulic impact of the water flow.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0026] This invention can be applied to the early interception of farmland tailwater and initial rainwater, and to the early interception of water discharged from farmland in the drainage ditches, thereby reducing the concentrated impact of high-concentration polluted water bodies on rivers and lakes.

[0027] This invention can be applied to urban stormwater drainage systems to intercept initial urban rainwater and reduce its concentrated impact on rivers and lakes.

[0028] This invention can serve as an energy dissipation pier for rivers and ditches, which can divert water flow while reducing the hydraulic impact of the water flow.

[0029] This invention requires no additional power, can automatically intercept farmland runoff and initial rainwater, and is simple to install and can operate stably for a long time.

[0030] This invention utilizes a combination of buoyancy and leverage to achieve unpowered water interception in ditches, eliminating the need for additional power sources. During operation, the invention divides the water level in the ditch into three distinct levels: ecological base flow, initial interception, and subsequent overflow. During periods of non-concentrated drainage in farmland ditches, the device ensures normal water flow, guaranteeing the ecological base flow. When concentrated drainage occurs or initial rainwater runoff forms, the invention intercepts this concentrated discharge or initial rainwater, thus ensuring normal water flow while simultaneously intercepting initial rainwater. This invention requires minimal management and maintenance, featuring unpowered operation, automatic interception, low maintenance costs, and wide applicability. It can intercept farmland runoff and urban initial rainwater, demonstrating broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a non-powered overflow interception device according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the internal structure.

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Rear view diagram.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A diagram showing the view from the right.

[0035] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure.

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A top-down view.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a right-side view (only a partial structure is shown) of the buoyancy baffle system 4 in this invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hook card system 5 from the right (only a part of the structure is shown).

[0039] Figure 9 This is a front view (only a partial structure is shown) of the buoyancy baffle system 4 in this invention.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a front view schematic diagram of lever 5.2 and its connector in this invention.

[0041] Figure 11 This is a right-side view of the lever 5.2 and its connector in this invention.

[0042] Figure 12 This is a right-side view of the hook-and-card system 5 in this invention.

[0043] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1-Ditch body, 2-Overflow weir, 3-Water retaining wall, 3.1-Inlet hole, 3.2-Collection trough, 3.3-Outlet nozzle, 4-Buoyancy baffle system, 4.1-First rotating hinge, 4.2-Baffle plate, 4.3-Float, 4.4-Support column, 5-Hook system, 5.1-Second rotating hinge, 5.2-Lever, 5.3-Counterweight, 5.4-Collection trough, 5.5-Hook, 5.6-Outlet hole. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Please see Figures 1-12The present invention provides a non-powered interception and overflow device, including a ditch body 1, an overflow weir 2, a water retaining dam 3, a buoyancy water retaining plate system 4, and a hook system 5;

[0045] A water-retaining embankment 3 is suspended above the bottom surface of the ditch body 1. The two sides of the water-retaining embankment 3 are connected to the sides of the ditch body 1 through overflow weirs 2. The water-facing side of the water-retaining embankment 3 is provided with a through water inlet hole 3.1, and the back water-facing side of the water-retaining embankment 3 is provided with a water collection channel 3.2. The water inlet hole 3.1 is connected to the water collection channel 3.2, and the water inlet hole 3.1 extends from the water-facing side of the water-retaining embankment 3 to the back water-facing side of the water-retaining embankment 3.

[0046] The buoyancy baffle system 4 includes a first rotating hinge 4.1, a baffle plate 4.2, a float 4.3, and a support column 4.4;

[0047] The buoyancy baffle system 4 is set between the bottom surface of the ditch body 1 and the bottom of the water-retaining embankment 3. The buoyancy baffle system 4 is located in the suspended area between the bottom surface of the ditch body 1 and the bottom of the water-retaining embankment 3, that is, the buoyancy baffle system 4 is set above the bottom surface of the ditch body 1 and below the water-retaining embankment 3.

[0048] The first rotating hinge 4.1 is disposed between the bottoms of the overflow weirs 2 on both sides of the water-retaining dike 3. Both ends of the first rotating hinge 4.1 can be connected to the bottoms of the overflow weirs 2 on both sides of the water-retaining dike 3, respectively. The water-retaining plate 4.2 is located below the water-retaining dike 3. One end of the water-retaining plate 4.2 is connected to the first rotating hinge 4.1, which serves as a pivot point. The width of the water-retaining plate 4.2 is equal to the width of the overflow weirs 2 on both sides of the water-retaining dike 3. The width of the end face of the baffle plate 4.2 is matched, meaning that the width of the baffle plate 4.2 can block the sides of the overflow weirs 2 on both sides of the water-retaining dike 3. At the same time, the baffle plate 4.2 can rotate around the first rotating hinge 4.1. The other end of the baffle plate 4.2 is connected to the float 4.3. One end of the baffle plate 4.2 connected to the float 4.3 (i.e., the movable end) faces the backwater surface of the water-retaining dike 3. The float 4.3 is made of buoyancy material. When the float 4.3 is put into the water, it can generate a large buoyancy and float on the water surface. The float 4.3 can move with the water. The water level fluctuates, causing the baffle plate 4.2 to rotate around the first rotating hinge 4.1. Supports 4.4 are installed on the float 4.3, and these supports 4.4 are linked to the hook system 5. The supports 4.4 can be located in the middle of the float 4.3 (in which case the length of both ends of the float 4.3 can be equal to the width of the baffle plate 4.2) or at the ends of the float 4.3 (in which case the length of both ends of the float 4.3 is less than the width of the baffle plate 4.2). The supports 4.4 are located on either side of the baffle plate 4.2. Within the width range of the side end face, when the support column 4.4 is set at the end of the float 4.3, the length of both ends of the float 4.3 is shorter than the width of the baffle plate 4.2 (the length of both ends of the float 4.3 is less than the width of the baffle plate 4.2). The baffle plate 4.2 connected to the float 4.3 can be provided with a notch so that during use, the hook 5.5 of the hook system 5 can hook the support column 4.4 from the notch provided in the baffle plate 4.2, so that the support column 4.4 and the hook system 5 can form a linkage.

[0049] The hook system 5 includes a second rotating hinge 5.1, a lever 5.2, a counterweight 5.3, a water collection trough 5.4, and a hook 5.5. The second rotating hinge 5.1 is disposed on the backwater side of the retaining wall 3, with both ends connected to the retaining wall 3. The lever 5.2 is fixed to the second rotating hinge 5.1 and rotates about the second rotating hinge 5.1. One end of the lever 5.2 is connected to the counterweight 5.3, and the other end is connected to the water collection trough 5.4. The bottom of the water collection trough 5.4 is provided with a small water outlet hole 5.6 for collecting water. Water stored in trough 5.4 can flow out from water hole 5.6; hook 5.5 is set on second rotary hinge 5.1, hook 5.5 is positioned corresponding to support column 4.4, and support column 4.4 is located within the hook action range of hook 5.5, so as to ensure that hook 5.5 and support column 4.4 can form a linkage during movement, so that hook 5.5 can act on support column 4.4, and hook 5.5 can rotate with lever 5.2 rotating about second rotary hinge 5.1; water inlet hole 3.1 is connected to water collection trough 5.4 through water collection trough 3.2.

[0050] The water flows towards the water-facing side of the water-retaining dike 3. Some water can enter through the inlet hole 3.1. The water flowing in through the inlet hole 3.1 will flow into the water collection channel 3.2. The water flows into the collection channel 5.4 through the outlet 3.3 at the end of the water collection channel 3.2.

[0051] Preferably, the cross-section of the ditch body 1 is trapezoidal, circular, or rectangular.

[0052] Preferably, the ditch body 1 is constructed of concrete.

[0053] Preferably, the overflow weir 2 is constructed of concrete.

[0054] Preferably, the height of the overflow weir 2 is lower than the height of the water-retaining dike 3.

[0055] Preferably, the water-retaining dike 3 is a cubic cavity with one side open, that is, the water-retaining dike 3 is like a cubic wooden box, one side of the wooden box is removed to open an opening (a cubic cavity with one side open). The side facing the opening of the water-retaining dike 3 is the back water side, and the side opposite the back water side is the front water side.

[0056] Preferably, the water-retaining embankment 3 is made of concrete.

[0057] Preferably, the float 4.3 is made of a buoyancy material.

[0058] Preferably, the hook 5.5 is located at the end of the second rotating hinge 5.1, and the support column 4.4 is located at the end of the float 4.3.

[0059] Preferably, there are two hooks 5.5, which are respectively located at the two ends of the second rotating hinge 5.1; there are two supports 4.4, which are respectively located at the two ends of the float 4.3.

[0060] The ditch body 1 can be a reinforced concrete ditch assembly. Depending on actual needs, the ditch body 1 can be set to the required length. The cross-section of the ditch body 1 can be trapezoidal, arc-shaped, rectangular, etc. Regardless of the cross-section of the ditch body 1, a water-retaining dike 3 is suspended above the bottom surface of the ditch body 1. The two sides of the water-retaining dike 3 are connected to the sides of the ditch body 1 through overflow weirs 2, that is, the overflow weirs 2 on both sides of the water-retaining dike 3 form a closed surface between the two sides of the water-retaining dike 3 and the sides of the ditch body 1.

[0061] Because the bottom of the water-retaining dike 3 is suspended above the bottom surface of the ditch body 1, an unclosed water flow channel is formed. That is, the bottom surface of the ditch body 1, the side of the overflow weir 2, and the lower side of the bottom of the water-retaining dike 3 constitute a water flow channel, and the water in the ditch body 1 can flow away through the water flow channel.

[0062] The present invention also provides an application of the non-powered interception overflow device as described above in the interception of non-point source pollution from farmland tailwater and initial rainwater. The non-powered interception overflow device is installed in farmland drainage ditches / rivers and canals to intercept non-point source pollution from farmland tailwater and initial rainwater.

[0063] The present invention also provides an application of the non-powered interception overflow device as described above in urban stormwater drainage, wherein the non-powered interception overflow device is installed in urban stormwater drainage ditches to intercept initial rainwater in the city and reduce the concentrated impact of initial rainwater on rivers and lakes.

[0064] The present invention also provides an application of the non-powered interception and overflow device as described above in energy dissipation in rivers and ditches. The non-powered interception and overflow device is installed in the river and ditch and serves as an energy dissipation pier for the river and ditch, thereby diverting the water volume of the river and ditch while reducing the hydraulic impact of the water flow.

[0065] The installation method of the non-powered interception and overflow device of the present invention is as follows: The non-powered interception and overflow device of the present invention is placed in an open ditch or river, allowing water to flow through the non-powered interception and overflow device of the present invention.

[0066] The non-powered interception and overflow device of this invention operates in three states, which are briefly described below using farmland ditches as an example:

[0067] Operating State 1: Ecological Base Flow. When there is no concentrated drainage from the farmland, the normal water level in the ditch (within the ditch body 1) does not exceed the bottom of the retaining wall 3. The non-powered interception and overflow device of this invention does not intercept the water flow in the ditch. The water flow can flow smoothly through the water flow channel (the water flow channel mentioned above) formed by the bottom surface of the ditch body 1, the side of the overflow weir 2, and the lower side of the bottom of the retaining wall 3. This state is generally used to ensure the ecological base flow of the ditch.

[0068] Operational State Two: Initial Interception. At this time, farmland tailwater is being centrally discharged, and the water level in the ditch (ditch body 1) rises. When the water level in ditch body 1 reaches the bottom of the retaining wall 3, the float 4.3 is buoyed by the rising water level in ditch body 1. During the process of the float 4.3 rising, it will drive the baffle plate 4.2 to rotate around the first rotating hinge 4.1 until the float 4.3 rises to the highest point of the space below the bottom side of the retaining wall 3 (the water flow channel). This process is equivalent to the baffle plate 4.2 gradually rotating to the maximum angle to close and block the water flow channel below the retaining wall 3. The support 4.4 also rises with the float 4.3 to the highest point of the space below the bottom side of the retaining wall 3 (the water flow channel) and stays there.

[0069] When the water level in the ditch 1 exceeds the bottom of the retaining wall 3 and the water level exceeds the inlet hole 3.1 on the water-facing side of the retaining wall 3, a small portion of the water flows in through the inlet hole 3.1 and collects in the collection trough 3.2. The water flows into the collection trough 5.4 through the outlet 3.3 at the end of the collection trough 3.2. On the other hand, the water in the collection trough 5.4 is reduced due to the outlet hole 5.6 at its bottom. In this invention, the water inlet volume of the inlet hole 3.1 is greater than the water outlet volume of the outlet hole 5.6. When the water level in the ditch 1 exceeds the inlet hole 3.1, the water volume in the collection trough 5.4 will continue to increase. When the water volume in the collection tank 5.4 increases to the point that its weight exceeds the counterweight 5.3, the force on both ends of the lever 5.2 changes. The lever 5.2 will rotate around the second rotating hinge 5.1 as the rotation axis, thereby causing the connected hook 5.5 to rotate downward. At this time, the hook 5.5 can hook the support column 4.4 below within the range of action. By rotating the hook 5.5 downward and hooking the support column 4.4, the water baffle 4.2 is fixed. That is, the water baffle 4.2 stably closes and blocks the water flow channel below the water-retaining dike 3, so that the water in the ditch is intercepted by the non-powered interception overflow device of this invention, thereby realizing the initial interception of farmland tailwater.

[0070] When the water level in the ditch 1 drops below the bottom of the retaining wall 3, the water in the collection trough 5.4 decreases due to the lack of water intake and the small outlet hole 5.6 at its bottom. When the water level in the collection trough 5.4 drops to a weight lower than the counterweight 5.3, the forces on both ends of the lever 5.2 change. The lever 5.2 will rotate around the second rotating hinge 5.1, thereby causing the connected hook 5.5 to rotate upward. At this time, the hook 5.5 disengages from the support column 4.4 below, and the baffle plate 4.2 is released. The baffle plate 4.2 can then rotate with the float 4.3 and automatically returns to its initial state.

[0071] Operational Status 3: Later Overflow. As farmland continues to discharge tailwater, the water level in the ditch continues to rise. When the water level exceeds the overflow weir 2, the water flows through the top of the overflow weir 2 (the gap formed by the side wall of the ditch body 1, the top of the overflow weir 2, and the side wall of the water-retaining dike 3).

[0072] The process and principle of the water baffle 4.2 automatically restoring to its initial state are the same as those in operating state two.

Claims

1. A non-powered overflow interception device, characterized in that: This includes the ditch body, overflow weir, water-retaining dike, buoyancy-retaining plate system, and hook system; A water-retaining embankment is suspended above the bottom of the ditch. The two sides of the water-retaining embankment are connected to the sides of the ditch through overflow weirs. The water-facing side of the water-retaining embankment has a through-hole for water intake, and the water-receiving side of the water-retaining embankment has a water collection channel. The water intake hole is connected to the water collection channel. The buoyancy baffle system includes a first rotating hinge, a baffle plate, a float, and a support column; The first rotating hinge is located between the bottoms of the overflow weirs on both sides of the water-retaining dike. The water-retaining plate is located below the water-retaining dike. One end of the water-retaining plate is connected to the first rotating hinge, and the other end of the water-retaining plate is connected to the float. The end of the water-retaining plate connected to the float faces the backwater side of the water-retaining dike, and a support column is provided on the float. The hook system includes a second rotary hinge, a lever, a counterweight, a water collection tank, and a hook. The second rotating hinge is set on the back side of the water-retaining dike. Both ends of the second rotating hinge are connected to the water-retaining dike. The lever is fixed on the second rotating hinge. One end of the lever is connected to the counterweight, and the other end of the lever is connected to the water collection tank. A small water outlet hole is provided at the bottom of the water collection tank. The hook is set on the second rotating hinge. The hook corresponds to the position of the support column. The small water inlet hole is connected to the water collection tank through the water collection channel. The water-retaining dike is a cubic cavity with one open side; The application of the non-powered interception overflow device in the interception of non-point source pollution from farmland tailwater and initial rainwater.

2. The non-powered overflow interception device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-section of the ditch body is trapezoidal, circular, or rectangular.

3. The non-powered overflow interception device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the overflow weir is lower than the height of the water-retaining dike.

4. The non-powered overflow interception device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pontoon is made of a buoyancy material.

5. The non-powered overflow interception device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hook is located at the end of the second rotating hinge, and the support is located at the end of the pontoon.

6. A non-powered overflow interception device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of hooks is two, and the two hooks are respectively set at the two ends of the second rotating hinge; the number of supports is two, and the two supports are respectively set at the two ends of the pontoon.

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