A method, system and sensor for detecting approaching movement of tunnel roof and floor

Abstract

This application relates to a method, system, and sensor for detecting the proximity of tunnel roof and floor panels, belonging to the technical field of roof and floor panel proximity detection. The detection method includes deploying a sensor within a tunnel; then obtaining the initial wavelength of an optical fiber in the sensor and determining whether the initial wavelength is the same as a historical wavelength. If not, outputting an instruction to replace a tension spring in the sensor; the historical wavelength refers to the initial wavelength in a historical tunnel at the same height as the current tunnel. This method can remind inspectors to replace the tension spring, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement results.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of roof and floor plate proximity detection, and in particular to a method, system, and sensor for detecting the proximity of a tunnel roof and floor plate. Background Art

[0002] As a high-risk industry, the coal mining industry is attracting increasing attention in today's safety production. Roof collapse caused by mine pressure has been a major hazard throughout coal mining history, resulting in the largest annual economic losses among all accidents. Soft rock tunnels are particularly prone to severe deformation, leading to significant roof and floor movement. This hazard severely impacts safety production and endangers miners' lives. To monitor and accurately measure roof and floor movement in coal mine tunnels in real time, a mining roof and floor movement sensor has been developed.

[0003] Related technologies disclose a coal mine roof and floor movement sensor, comprising a sensor for collecting roof subsidence or floor protrusion signals and a sensor head for receiving and transmitting the signals. The sensor also includes a pressure sensor and a laser rangefinder. The pressure sensor is secured by a mounting bracket. The pressure sensor is connected to a spring in its initial state, the other end of which is connected to a support rod, which is secured to the roof or floor via a fixing member. The support rod measures roof subsidence and floor protrusion, respectively. The laser rangefinder is secured to the floor using a fixing rod. The fixing rod is provided with a sliding slot, and the laser rangefinder is equipped with a snap-fit ​​device that mates with the sliding slot. The laser rangefinder can adjust the height of the sliding slot to change the orientation of the beam path, accurately measuring roof and floor movement. The sensor head has two digital display windows, one for displaying the signals collected by the pressure sensor and the other for displaying the signals collected by the laser rangefinder. The use of both the pressure sensor and the laser rangefinder to collect coal mine roof and floor movement data provides high accuracy, ensuring safe production. The pressure sensor can also monitor roof and floor deformation in real time.

[0004] However, if the sensor is used repeatedly, the spring will deform as the number of uses increases, thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the accuracy of measurement results, the present application provides a method, system and sensor for detecting the proximity of tunnel roof and floor.

[0006] In the first aspect, the present application provides a method for detecting the movement of the roof and floor of a tunnel, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for detecting the movement of roof and floor of a roadway, comprising:

[0008] Deploy sensors in the lanes;

[0009] Obtaining an initial wavelength of the optical fiber in the sensor;

[0010] Determine whether the initial wavelength is the same as the historical wavelength. If not, output a replacement instruction for replacing the tension spring in the sensor; wherein the historical wavelength refers to the initial wavelength in the historical lane at the same height as the current lane.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, if the initial wavelength emitted by the optical fiber in the sensor in the tunnel is different from the historical wavelength, it means that the tension of the tension spring is different. However, since the top and bottom plates of the tunnel have not changed at this time, the tension of the tension spring is different from that of a normal tension spring. Therefore, a replacement instruction is output to remind the inspection personnel to replace the tension spring, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0012] Optionally, the outputting of the replacement instruction for the tension spring in the sensor includes:

[0013] Retrieve and display the required tension spring model.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the inspection personnel can further accurately understand the model of the required tension spring, so as to facilitate accurate replacement.

[0015] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0016] Based on historical replacement data, obtain the service life threshold of the current type of tension spring;

[0017] When the service life of the current tension spring approaches the service life threshold, maintenance information is output.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution and obtaining the service life threshold of the tension spring, maintenance information can be issued in advance when the current service life of the tension spring is approaching the service life threshold, so that the inspection personnel can be prepared, thereby minimizing the sensor's detection of the top and bottom plates moving closer.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides a tunnel roof and floor approach detection system, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0020] A system for detecting the approach of roof and floor plates in a tunnel comprises a sensor and a controller. The sensor is arranged in the tunnel and is used to detect the approach of roof and floor plates. The controller comprises:

[0021] A wavelength acquisition module is used to obtain the initial wavelength of the optical fiber in the sensor;

[0022] The judgment module is used to judge whether the initial wavelength is the same as the historical wavelength. If not, it outputs a replacement instruction for replacing the tension spring in the sensor; wherein the historical wavelength refers to the initial wavelength in the historical lane at the same height as the current lane.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, if the initial wavelength emitted by the optical fiber in the sensor in the tunnel is different from the historical wavelength, it means that the tension of the tension spring is different. However, since the top and bottom plates of the tunnel have not changed at this time, the tension of the tension spring is different from that of a normal tension spring. Therefore, a replacement instruction is output to remind the inspection personnel to replace the tension spring, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0024] Optionally, the system further includes:

[0025] A display, used to display the model of the required tension spring;

[0026] The controller further includes:

[0027] The retrieving module is used to retrieve the model of the required tension spring after the judgment module outputs the replacement instruction.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the inspection personnel can further accurately understand the model of the required tension spring, so as to facilitate accurate replacement.

[0029] Optionally, the controller further includes:

[0030] The spring service life acquisition module obtains the practical life threshold of the current type of spring based on historical replacement data, and obtains the service life of the current spring;

[0031] The judging module outputs maintenance information when judging that the service life of the current tension spring is approaching the service life threshold.

[0032] By adopting the above technical solution and obtaining the service life threshold of the tension spring, maintenance information can be issued in advance when the current service life of the tension spring is approaching the service life threshold, so that the inspection personnel can be prepared, thereby minimizing the sensor's detection of the top and bottom plates moving closer.

[0033] In a third aspect, the present application provides a tunnel roof and floor approach detection sensor, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0034] A tunnel roof and floor approach detection sensor, comprising:

[0035] A housing is provided with a PCB board installed therein, and both sides of the PCB board are integrated with optical fiber wavelength output circuits; both ends of the housing are provided with cantilevers, and tension springs are installed in the cantilevers;

[0036] An optical fiber has one end fixedly connected to the PCB board and the other end detachably connected to the tension spring.

[0037] By adopting the above technical solution, the two tension springs are connected to the bottom plate and the top plate respectively. Initially, they are in a tensioned state. When the top plate moves downward or the bottom plate bulges outward, the tension of the corresponding tension spring becomes loose. At this time, the wavelength of the optical fiber output will also change accordingly. By analyzing the change in the optical fiber wavelength, the movement of the top and bottom plates can be understood.

[0038] Optionally, the cantilever includes:

[0039] A fixed arm is fixedly connected to the housing, and a first connecting block is installed on the side wall;

[0040] A movable arm is hinged to the housing, and a second connecting block is installed on the side wall, wherein the first connecting block and the second connecting block are connected by bolts;

[0041] The sensor further comprises:

[0042] An auxiliary plate is installed in the housing, one end of the tension spring is detachably connected to the auxiliary plate, and one end of the optical fiber is fixedly connected to the auxiliary plate.

[0043] Optionally, a mounting slot is provided on the auxiliary plate, one end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to a mounting block, and the mounting block can be inserted into the mounting slot; a locking component is provided in the shell, and the locking component is used to lock the mounting block.

[0044] Optionally, the locking component includes:

[0045] a driving tooth, one end of which is hinged to the movable arm and is slidably connected to the housing;

[0046] a driving gear rotatably connected to the housing, the driving teeth being engaged with the driving gear;

[0047] a locking gear, rotatably connected to the housing and meshing with the driving gear;

[0048] The locking tooth is slidably connected in the auxiliary plate and can be inserted into the mounting block and meshed with the locking gear; when the movable arm rotates away from the fixed arm, the locking tooth disengages from the mounting block.

[0049] By adopting the above technical solution, the first connecting block and the second connecting block are unlocked, and then the movable arm is rotated. The driving tooth drives the driving gear to rotate, and then drives the locking gear to rotate, so that the locking tooth is disengaged from the mounting block, so that the tension spring can be removed.

[0050] In summary, this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. The purpose of judging whether the initial wavelength is the same as the historical wavelength is that if the initial wavelength emitted by the optical fiber in the sensor in the tunnel is different from the historical wavelength, it means that the tension of the tension spring is different. However, since the top and bottom plates of the tunnel have not changed at this time, the tension of the tension spring is different from that of a normal tension spring. Therefore, a replacement instruction is output to remind the inspection personnel to replace the tension spring, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0052] 2. Based on historical replacement data, the service life threshold of the tension spring is obtained. When the current service life of the tension spring is approaching the service life threshold, maintenance information can be issued in advance to allow inspection personnel to be prepared, thereby minimizing the sensor's detection of the top and bottom plates moving closer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of an implementation method of Example 1 of the present application;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of another embodiment of the method of the present application;

[0055] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of an implementation method of the system embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sensor of this application;

[0057] Figure 5 It mainly displays the schematic diagram of the structure inside the shell;

[0058] Figure 6 After the shell is hidden, part of the auxiliary plate is cut away to show the structural diagram of the locking component.

[0059] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 100, sensor; 110, housing; 120, PCB board; 130, cantilever; 131, fixed arm; 132, movable arm; 140, tension spring; 141, mounting block; 150, optical fiber; 160, auxiliary plate; 161, mounting slot; 170, locking component; 171, driving tooth; 172, driving gear; 173, locking gear; 174, locking tooth; 200, controller; 210, wavelength acquisition module; 220, judgment module; 230, calling module; 240, tension spring service life acquisition module; 300, display. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will be combined with the appended drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0061] One embodiment of the present application discloses a method for detecting the movement of the roof and floor of a tunnel. Figure 1 As an implementation of the detection method, the detection method may include S110-S140:

[0062] S110, placing sensors in the lane;

[0063] S120, obtaining the initial wavelength of the optical fiber in the sensor;

[0064] S130, determining whether the initial wavelength is the same as the historical wavelength. If not, outputting a replacement instruction for replacing the tension spring in the sensor; wherein the historical wavelength refers to the initial wavelength in the historical lane at the same height as the current lane;

[0065] S140, retrieve and display the required tension spring model;

[0066] Specifically, the model may include the initial length of the tension spring, the type of the tension spring, etc.; the model of the tension spring is pre-stored in the database.

[0067] Reference Figure 2 As another embodiment of the detection method, the detection method may include S210-S220:

[0068] S210, obtaining a service life threshold of a current type of tension spring based on historical replacement data;

[0069] Specifically, the service life threshold can be the average value of the historical replacement data of the current type of tension spring, for example, the historical replacement data includes 3 days, 5 days, 10 days, etc., and the average value of all the historical replacement data is taken and then rounded, that is, the service life threshold is 6 days.

[0070] S220: When the service life of the current tension spring approaches a service life threshold, output maintenance information.

[0071] Specifically, approaching means that the service life of the tension spring reaches a service life threshold or is close to the service life threshold. For example, the service life threshold is 6 days. When the service life of the tension spring is 5 days or 6 days, maintenance information is output.

[0072] The implementation principle of this embodiment is:

[0073] The sensor is placed in the lane, and then the initial wavelength of the optical fiber in the sensor is obtained. It is determined whether the initial wavelength is the same as the historical wavelength. If not, a replacement instruction for the tension spring in the sensor is output, and the model of the required tension spring is retrieved and displayed.

[0074] Based on the above method embodiment, the second embodiment of the present application discloses a tunnel roof and floor approach detection system. Figure 3 As an embodiment of the detection system, the detection system may include a sensor 100, a controller 200, and a display 300. The sensor 100 is arranged in the lane to detect the movement of the top and bottom plates, and the display 300 is used to display the model of the required tension spring 140. The controller 200 may include:

[0075] The wavelength acquisition module 210 is used to obtain the initial wavelength of the optical fiber 150 in the sensor 100;

[0076] The judgment module 220 is used to judge whether the initial wavelength is the same as the historical wavelength. If not, it outputs a replacement instruction for replacing the tension spring 140 in the sensor 100; wherein the historical wavelength refers to the initial wavelength in the historical lane at the same height as the current lane;

[0077] The retrieving module 230 is used to retrieve the model of the required tension spring 140 after the determining module 220 outputs the replacement instruction.

[0078] In addition, the controller 200 may further include:

[0079] The extension spring service life obtaining module 240 obtains the practical service life threshold of the current type of extension spring 140 based on the historical replacement data and obtains the service life of the current extension spring 140. The judgment module 220 outputs maintenance information when it determines that the service life of the current extension spring 140 is approaching the service life threshold.

[0080] The implementation principle of this embodiment is:

[0081] The sensor 100 is placed in the lane, and then the wavelength acquisition module 210 obtains the initial wavelength of the optical fiber 150 in the sensor 100. The judgment module 220 determines whether the initial wavelength is the same as the historical wavelength. If not, it outputs a replacement instruction for replacing the tension spring 140 in the sensor 100. The calling module 230 calls the model of the required tension spring 140, and the display 300 displays the model of the required tension spring 140.

[0082] The third embodiment of the present application also provides a tunnel roof and floor approach detection sensor, referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As an embodiment of the detection sensor 100, the detection sensor 100 may include:

[0083] The housing 110 has a PCB board 120 installed therein. Both sides of the PCB board 120 are integrated with optical fiber wavelength output circuits. Both ends of the housing 110 are installed with cantilevers 130, and tension springs 140 are installed in the cantilevers 130.

[0084] One end of the optical fiber 150 is fixedly connected to the PCB board 120 , and the other end is detachably connected to the tension spring 140 .

[0085] The cantilever 130 may include:

[0086] The fixed arm 131 is fixedly connected to the housing 110, and the side wall is fixedly connected to a first connecting block and engraved with scale lines;

[0087] The movable arm 132 is hinged to the housing 110 , and a second connecting block is fixedly connected to the side wall thereof. The first connecting block and the second connecting block are connected by bolts.

[0088] In addition, the sensor 100 may further include:

[0089] The auxiliary plate 160 is fixedly connected to the housing 110 . One end of the tension spring 140 is detachably connected to the auxiliary plate 160 . One end of the optical fiber 150 is fixedly connected to the auxiliary plate 160 .

[0090] Reference Figure 6 In order to achieve the positioning of the tension spring 140 , a mounting groove 161 is opened on the auxiliary plate 160 , and a mounting block 141 is fixedly connected to one end of the tension spring 140 , and the mounting block 141 can be inserted into the mounting groove 161 .

[0091] In order to lock the tension spring 140 , a locking component 170 is provided in the housing 110 to lock the mounting block 141 on the auxiliary plate 160 .

[0092] The locking component 170 may include:

[0093] The driving tooth 171 has one end hinged to the movable arm 132 and is slidably connected to the housing 110;

[0094] The driving gear 172 is rotatably connected to the housing 110 , and the driving teeth 171 are engaged with the driving gear 172 ;

[0095] The locking gear 173 is rotatably connected to the housing 110 and meshes with the driving gear 172;

[0096] The locking tooth 174 is slidably connected to the auxiliary plate 160 and can be inserted into the mounting block 141 and meshed with the locking gear 173 . When the movable arm 132 rotates away from the fixed arm 131 , the locking tooth 174 disengages from the mounting block 141 .

[0097] The implementation principle of this embodiment is:

[0098] When replacing the tension spring 140, unlock the first connecting block and the second connecting block, and then rotate the movable arm 132. The driving tooth 171 will drive the driving gear 172 to rotate, and then drive the locking gear 173 to rotate, so that the locking tooth 174 disengages from the mounting block 141, so that the tension spring 140 can be taken out; after replacing the tension spring 140, rotate the movable arm 132, and after the first connecting block and the second connecting block abut, the locking tooth 174 is inserted into the mounting block 141, and then the first connecting block and the second connecting block are locked, thereby achieving the locking of the tension spring 140.

[0099] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, any feature disclosed in this specification (including the abstract and drawings) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features. In other words, unless otherwise specified, each feature is merely an example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

Claims

1. A tunnel roof and floor approach detection system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a sensor (100) and a controller (200), wherein the sensor (100) is arranged in a lane and is used to detect the approach of the top and bottom plates; the controller (200) comprises: A wavelength acquisition module (210) is used to acquire the initial wavelength of the optical fiber (150) in the sensor (100); A judgment module (220) is used to judge whether the initial wavelength is the same as the historical wavelength, and if not, output a replacement instruction for replacing the tension spring (140) in the sensor (100); wherein the historical wavelength refers to the initial wavelength in a historical lane at the same height as the current lane, and the initial wavelength refers to the wavelength obtained in the initial state after the sensor (100) is deployed; The sensor (100) comprises: A housing (110) is provided with a PCB board (120) installed therein, and optical fiber wavelength output circuits are integrated on both sides of the PCB board (120); cantilevers (130) are installed at both ends of the housing (110), and tension springs (140) are installed in the cantilevers (130); an optical fiber (150), one end of which is fixedly connected to the PCB board (120) and the other end of which is detachably connected to the tension spring (140); The cantilever (130) includes: A fixed arm (131) is fixedly connected to the housing (110), and a first connecting block is installed on the side wall; A movable arm (132) is hinged to the housing (110), and a second connecting block is installed on the side wall, wherein the first connecting block and the second connecting block are connected by bolts; The sensor (100) further includes: an auxiliary plate (160) installed in the housing (110), one end of the tension spring (140) being detachably connected to the auxiliary plate (160), and one end of the optical fiber (150) being fixedly connected to the auxiliary plate (160); The auxiliary plate (160) is provided with a mounting slot (161); one end of the tension spring (140) is fixedly connected to a mounting block (141); the mounting block (141) can be inserted into the mounting slot (161); a locking component (170) is provided in the housing (110); the locking component (170) is used to lock the mounting block (141); The locking component (170) comprises: A driving tooth (171), one end of which is hinged to the movable arm (132) and is slidingly connected to the housing (110); A driving gear (172) is rotatably connected to the housing (110), and the driving teeth (171) are meshed with the driving gear (172); A locking gear (173) is rotatably connected to the housing (110) and meshes with the driving gear (172); The locking tooth (174) is slidably connected to the auxiliary plate (160) and can be inserted into the mounting block (141) and meshed with the locking gear (173); when the movable arm (132) rotates away from the fixed arm (131), the locking tooth (174) disengages from the mounting block (141).

2. A tunnel roof and floor approach detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises: A display (300) for displaying the model of the required tension spring (140); The controller (200) further includes: The retrieval module (230) is used to retrieve the model of the required tension spring (140) after the judgment module (220) outputs a replacement instruction.

3. The tunnel roof and floor approach detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (200) further includes: A tension spring service life obtaining module (240) obtains a practical service life threshold of a current type of tension spring (140) based on historical replacement data, and obtains the service life of the current tension spring (140); The judgment module (220) outputs maintenance information when judging that the service life of the current tension spring (140) is approaching the service life threshold.

4. A method for detecting the movement of the roof and floor of a tunnel, characterized in that: The method is performed by the roadway roof and floor approach detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising: Deploy sensors in the lanes; Obtaining an initial wavelength of the optical fiber in the sensor; Determine whether the initial wavelength is the same as the historical wavelength. If not, output a replacement instruction for replacing the tension spring in the sensor; wherein the historical wavelength refers to the initial wavelength in the historical lane at the same height as the current lane.

5. A method for detecting the movement of the roof and floor of a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outputting of the replacement instruction of the tension spring in the sensor includes: Retrieve and display the required tension spring model.

6. A method for detecting the approach of the roof and floor of a tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Based on historical replacement data, obtain the service life threshold of the current type of tension spring; When the service life of the current tension spring approaches the service life threshold, maintenance information is output.

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