Reaction apparatus for fluids

Abstract

The present application relates to a reaction device (100) for fluid, the reaction device (100) comprising: a housing (110) having an inlet (112) and an outlet (114) for fluid; a reaction unit (102) arranged in the housing (110) and comprising a holding body (120) capable of allowing fluid to flow through and a porosity layer (130) held by the holding body (120), wherein, with reference to the mounting position of the reaction device (100), the inlet (112) is arranged below the outlet (114), and the porosity layer (130) has a filling degree of 10%-90% for the space enclosed by the holding body (120).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a reaction apparatus for fluids. Background Technology

[0002] at present, 14 C is mainly produced by irradiating aluminum nitride targets with thermal neutrons in a nuclear reactor, causing nitrogen in the aluminum nitride to undergo oxidation. 14 N(n,p) 14 C reaction generates 14 C, and then under the action of the oxidant, the generated 14 C 14 The CO2 is released and then successively absorbed by sodium hydroxide, precipitated by barium chloride, and obtained by filtration, washing and drying to yield barium carbonate. 14 Product C.

[0003] Currently used to 14 Methods for handling the release of radioactive materials (C) from target materials can be categorized into dry and wet methods based on the state of the extractant used. Dry methods primarily use oxygen as an oxidant, offering advantages such as speed and minimal radioactive waste. However, current dry methods face challenges in achieving sufficient contact between oxygen and the target material, leading to incomplete reactions and hindering their application. Wet methods utilize liquid oxidants or hydrolysates to remove C from the target material. 14 C is released, and this method can be operated on a large scale, resulting in a more thorough reaction of the target material. 14 The wet process has the advantage of high C extraction rate. However, it involves the addition of large amounts of liquid oxidant or hydrolysate. To ensure sufficient reaction of the target material, the amount of oxidant or hydrolysate added usually far exceeds the amount of target material. This results in a significant increase in the amount of radioactive waste compared to the dry process. Furthermore, the treatment of large amounts of radioactive liquid waste is more difficult than that of radioactive solid waste (including collection, temporary storage, transfer, and subsequent solidification), thereby increasing subsequent waste treatment costs and failing to comply with environmental protection policies. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a reaction device that can at least partially avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages.

[0005] According to the present invention, a reaction apparatus for a fluid is provided, the reaction apparatus comprising: a housing having an inlet and an outlet for the fluid; a reaction unit disposed in the housing and including a retainer that allows fluid to flow through and a porous layer retained by the retainer, wherein, referring to the installation position of the reaction apparatus, the inlet is disposed below the outlet, and the porous layer has a filling degree of 10%-90% of the space enclosed by the retainer.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the shell is cylindrical.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the height-diameter ratio of the pore layer satisfies the following relationship: 0.2 < H / Φ < 10, where H is the height of the pore layer and Φ is the diameter of the pore layer.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reaction unit has a sandwich structure, wherein the pore layer is arranged between the holding bodies.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the holding body facing the outlet in the holding bodies is configured as a flexible holding body.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of reaction units are provided, and they are arranged in the housing spaced apart from each other or stacked.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pore layer is composed of particles or is a one-piece porous body.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a spacer is provided to maintain a predetermined spacing between the holding body and the pore layer.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the housing is provided with a support structure that protrudes radially inward from the inner wall of the housing or is a perforated plate arranged in the housing.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reaction device further has a temperature control unit, and the temperature control unit is arranged to surround the housing of the reaction device in the circumferential direction.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature control unit is a tubular furnace, a double-layer jacket circulating liquid or a heating jacket.

[0016] Through the reaction device proposed by the present invention, sufficient contact between the reactants to be reacted can be achieved with a simple structure, so as to achieve sufficient reaction between them, improve the reaction efficiency, and at the same time reduce the generation of reaction waste and reduce the subsequent treatment difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to better understand the above and other objects, features, advantages and functions of the present invention, reference may be made to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The same reference numerals in the drawings refer to the same components. Those skilled in the art should understand that the drawings are intended to schematically illustrate the preferred embodiments of the present invention and have no limiting effect on the scope of the invention. The components in the drawings are not drawn to scale. The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a reaction device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0019] Figure 2 A to Figure 2E schematically illustrates diagrams of reaction apparatuses according to other embodiments of the present invention; and

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a reaction apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description is exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other ways to implement the invention based on the preferred embodiments described, and such other ways also fall within the scope of the invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification are merely for clarity of description to distinguish between different objects, and do not limit the size, quantity, or other order of the objects described. Directional terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the purpose of describing this application, and do not indicate or imply that the object referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0023] The reaction apparatus according to the invention is applicable to fluids. The fluid can be a gas or a liquid, especially a low-viscosity liquid. The gas can be a gas with a boiling point below room temperature, or a vapor under normal pressure or vacuum, as long as it does not exhibit undesirable condensation when passing through the reaction apparatus. The reaction apparatus according to the invention can operate at normal pressure, as well as under negative pressure or high pressure, and therefore can be used at room temperature, as well as at low or high temperatures. The various components constituting the reaction apparatus should be made of a material inert to the fluid.

[0024] The reaction apparatus 100 includes: a housing 110, which is cylindrical and has an inlet 112 and an outlet 114 for fluid; and a reaction unit 102, which is arranged in the housing 110 and includes a retainer 120 that allows fluid to flow through and a porous layer 130 held by the retainer 120.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a reaction apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 1 In the example shown, the housing 110 is constructed in a cylindrical shape. The aforementioned inlet 112 and outlet 114 are formed at opposite ends of the housing 110, wherein the inlet 112 is arranged in...

[0026] Below outlet 114. Therefore, fluid can flow from inlet 112 at the lower end of housing 110 through reaction unit 102 toward outlet 114 at the upper end of housing, as if through... Figure 1The arrow R in the diagram indicates the flow direction. This arrangement allows for better interaction between the fluid and the reaction unit, which will be further explained below.

[0027] 0 Here, it should be noted that, although Figure 1 The diagram shows a vertically arranged shell, but an arrangement with a slight inclination is also feasible; for example, the inclination angle of the shell relative to the vertical axis is no greater than 45°. Therefore, "the inlet is located below the outlet" can be understood not only as the inlet being directly below the outlet, but also as the inlet being located diagonally below the outlet.

[0028] The housing 110 can be integrally formed or assembled from multiple segments. For example, the housing 110 5 can be made of stainless steel, aluminum, glass, quartz glass, ceramic or any other suitable material.

[0029] To facilitate the introduction of fluid into the reaction apparatus, plugs 116 may be provided for the inlet and / or outlet of the shell. The plugs may be used to seal the inlet and / or outlet. A conduit 118 may be introduced into the plug, through which fluid may be introduced into the shell. The conduit 118 extending into the shell extends a distance from the surface of the plug facing the interior space of the shell.

[0030] Alternatively, caps may be provided for the inlet and / or outlet of the housing, and the caps may close the respective openings, for example by screw connection, snap connection or other suitable means, wherein the caps are provided with passages for introducing fluid into the housing.

[0031] As from Figure 1 As can be seen, the reaction unit 102 is constructed with a sandwich structure, that is, its pores

[0032] The gap layer 130 is arranged between the retainers 120. The reaction unit 102 is held in place in the housing 110 by means of the support structure 140 provided on the housing. Of course, the reaction unit 102 may also have other structural forms.

[0033] The support structure 140 can be integrally formed with the housing 110, or it can be arranged separately on the housing 110.

[0034] For example, when integrally formed with the housing, the support structure may be in the form of barbs or flanges, which protrude radially from the inner wall of the housing into the interior of the housing, with the protrusion distance being less than the radius of the housing. The support structure may be evenly distributed along the inner wall of the housing in the circumferential direction, or the support structure may be wrapped around the inner wall of the housing.

[0035] For example, when the housing is composed of multiple sections connected to each other by flange joints, the support structure can be directly embedded between adjacent sections of the housing. For this purpose, the support structure can be constructed in the form of a perforated sieve plate, a mesh plate, etc. The support structure can also be constructed as a rod inserted laterally into the housing, or a strut inserted from the entrance of the housing, with the upper end of the strut supporting the bottom of the reaction unit.

[0036] The retainer 120 of the reaction unit 102 is configured to be permeable to the fluid. The retainer 120 may be made of, for example, cotton, metal wire (such as copper wire, stainless steel wire, etc.), glass, ceramic, etc. The retainer 120 may be configured as a gasket, perforated plate, mesh, cover, etc. The retainer should be configured to have sufficient structural strength so that when placed on the support structure 140, after the porous layer 130 is applied to the retainer 120, it can hold the porous layer in the desired position within the housing 110 without the porous layer 130 deforming due to its own weight and detaching from the retainer.

[0037] For example, the upper first retainer and the lower second retainer may have different stiffnesses, particularly the lower retainer having a greater stiffness than the upper retainer. In one example, the lower retainer, i.e., the retainer facing the inlet, may be constructed as a rigid body, while the upper retainer, i.e., the retainer facing the outlet, may be constructed as a flexible body. The upper and lower retainers may also have different thicknesses.

[0038] The porous layer 130 can be composed of particles or a one-piece porous body that reacts with the fluid as desired. The porosity of the porous layer 130 in the space enclosed by the retainer 120 is between 10% and 90%. It should be noted that although the accompanying drawings show the porous layer 130 completely filling the space enclosed by the retainer 120, this is merely a schematic illustration. If the filling degree is too high, there is no buffer space for the fluid as it passes through the porous layer, making it prone to clogging. If the filling degree is too low, space is wasted, resulting in an excessively large shell, and the reaction efficiency is also reduced, requiring a large amount of fluid.

[0039] To ensure the aforementioned 10%-90% filling rate, the reaction unit may be provided with a spacer to maintain a predetermined distance between the retainer 120 and the porous layer 130. For example, the spacer may be a spacer block placed between the porous layer 130 and the retainer 120 located above the porous layer 130.

[0040] Preferably, the height-diameter ratio of the pore layer 130 satisfies the following relationship: 0.2 < H / Φ < 10, where H is the height of the pore layer and Φ is the diameter of the pore layer. Generally, the smaller the size of the particles constituting the pore layer, the smaller the height-diameter ratio during filling, and the larger the size of the particles constituting the pore layer, the larger the height-diameter ratio during filling. When the above relationship is satisfied, normal fluid flow can be achieved within the allowable pressure difference range.

[0041] In one example, the thickness of the flexible holding body is greater than 10 mm.

[0042] In one example, the thickness of the pore layer 130 does not exceed 20 mm.

[0043] In Figure 2 A to Figure 2 E, schematic illustrations of reaction apparatuses according to other embodiments of the present invention are respectively shown, and they have a largely similar structure to the reaction apparatus shown in Figure 1 For the sake of avoiding repetition, only the differences from the reaction apparatus according to Figure 1 will be described here, and the rest can be referred to the above description.

[0044] In Figure 2 the embodiment shown in A, compared with Figure 1 , the reaction unit 102 is arranged near the outlet. Such a reaction apparatus is particularly suitable for cases where the fluid needs to be pre-treated before the reaction, such as preheating or fully mixing the various components constituting the fluid. In addition, such a reaction apparatus is also suitable for cases where the fluid flow rate is large, because there is sufficient buffer space in the reaction apparatus to prevent the fluid pressure from being too large, and the outlet at the top can also prevent the large-flow fluid from moving the upper holding body upward.

[0045] In Figure 2 the embodiment shown in B, compared with Figure 1 , the reaction unit 102 is arranged near the inlet. Such a reaction unit is suitable for cases where the pressure resistance is large when the fluid needs to undergo subsequent reactions or treatments after flowing out, because the upper space can be used for pressure buffering, which is also beneficial for pressure control.

[0046] In Figure 2 C and Figure 2 the embodiments shown in D, compared with Figure 1 , multiple reaction units 102 are provided, and they are arranged at intervals from each other, which is particularly suitable for cases of high flow rates or other cases where a buffer layer is required. Among them, in Figure 2 , three reaction units 102 respectively arranged at the inlet, middle, and outlet of the housing are schematically shown. In Figure 2Figure D schematically illustrates two reaction units 102 arranged in the middle of the shell. When it is necessary to absorb small amounts of impurities in the fluid, or when a single reaction unit is insufficient to fully react with the components in the fluid, multiple reaction units can be provided to achieve the desired reaction between the fluid and the porous layer. Alternatively, when different solids are required to purify the fluid, a multi-layer structure can be used. For example, when it is necessary to remove small amounts of acid or water from a gas, a single reaction unit may be insufficient to completely remove them; therefore, two reaction units can be provided, such as placing a solid alkali at the bottom to adsorb the acid and placing a desiccant such as phosphorus pentoxide at the top to remove water. Therefore, in this embodiment, the porous layer in the corresponding reaction unit may contain different components.

[0047] exist Figure 2 In the implementation shown in E, compared to Figure 1 This can be viewed as multiple reaction units (two shown here) directly stacked together in a reaction apparatus. This is suitable for situations where the fluid flow rate is low or where it is necessary to reduce the space inside the housing. Here, adjacent reaction units can share a single retainer 120, that is, the retainer can serve as an upper retainer for the reaction unit located below, and simultaneously as a lower retainer for the reaction unit located above.

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a reaction apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is consistent with... Figure 1 The reaction apparatuses shown in the diagram have largely similar structures. To avoid redundancy, only their similarities to those described above will be noted here. Figure 1 The reaction apparatus differs from the one described above; for the rest, please refer to the description above.

[0049] exist Figure 3 The illustrated reaction apparatus additionally includes a temperature control unit 150, which is arranged to circumferentially surround the housing 110 of the reaction apparatus 100. The temperature control unit 150 may be arranged to surround the entire length of the housing or only a portion of its length, as needed. The temperature control unit 150 can be used to heat or cool the interior of the housing to a desired temperature level. Exemplarily, the temperature control unit 150 is a tubular furnace, a double-jacketed circulating fluid system, or a heating mantle.

[0050] certainly, Figure 3 The temperature control unit 150 shown can also be used in Figure 2 A to Figure 2 E illustrates the implementation method.

[0051] An exemplary use of the reaction unit according to the invention is for the preparation of barium carbonate. 14The reaction apparatus at step C has its inlet connected to a gas flow source and its outlet connected to a subsequent treatment device, such as a purification tower. Here, the fluid can be oxygen, a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen dioxide, or chlorine. When using pure nitrogen dioxide, the oxidation reaction temperature can be appropriately lowered. The porous layer is a granular target material; for example, when the fluid is chlorine, the target material can be aluminum nitride. The retainer can be silica wool. Exemplarily, the thickness of the silica wool can be greater than 10 mm, and the specific thickness can be selected based on the shell pore size and the degree of compaction of the silica wool. The target material laid on the silica wool does not exceed 20 mm in height. If the amount of target material to be processed is excessive, spacers can be placed on the target material if necessary, and silica wool and target particles can be alternately laid, ensuring that the top layer is silica wool.

[0052] By arranging the reaction device vertically and allowing the airflow to flow directly from the bottom to the top, the target material forming the porous layer does not completely fill the space created by the quartz wool. This allows the airflow to at least partially agitate the target material as it flows through it, ensuring sufficient contact between the airflow and the target material while preventing unwanted agglomeration due to the high temperature of the target material during the reaction. Compared to a horizontally arranged reaction device, this effectively avoids the situation where the airflow cannot directly contact the bottom layer of the target material and can only react with the surface layer. Therefore, the reaction device of this invention can improve reaction efficiency and eliminates the need for additional vibration or stirring devices, which is also beneficial for the operational safety of the device. By setting quartz wool layers forming retainers on the upper and lower sides of the target material, not only are target particles prevented from entering the bottom air inlet pipe in the vertical device, but also excessive airflow is prevented from blowing the target material into the outlet and causing blockage. When multiple layers of quartz wool are used to disperse the target material, the contact between the airflow and the target material is more sufficient, while better preventing agglomeration. The amount of target material can be adjusted according to the diameter and length of the shell. Furthermore, the reaction apparatus according to the present invention enables the processing of target materials in large quantities.

[0053] The reaction apparatus according to the invention can also be used in other suitable applications.

[0054] It should be noted that the features or combinations of features of the device according to the invention described above, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned and / or shown only in the drawings, can be used not only in the corresponding combinations, but also in other combinations or individually, without departing from the scope of the invention.

[0055] The present invention has been described through the above embodiments; however, it should be understood that the above embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention to the scope of the described embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that many more variations and modifications can be made based on the teachings of the present invention, and all such variations and modifications fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reaction apparatus (100) for producing barium carbonate- 14 C fluid, characterized by, The reaction apparatus (100) includes: A housing (110) having an inlet (112) and an outlet (114) for the fluid. The reaction unit (102) is arranged in the housing (110) and includes a retainer (120) that allows the fluid to flow through and a porous layer (130) held by the retainer (120). Referring to the installation position of the reaction device (100), the inlet (112) is arranged below the outlet (114), and the porosity of the porous layer (130) in the space enclosed by the retainer (120) is 10%-90%. The fluid is chlorine gas, the porous layer (130) is granular aluminum nitride, and the retainer (120) facing the outlet (114) in the retainer (120) is quartz wool.

2. The reaction apparatus (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that The shell is cylindrical.

3. The reaction apparatus (100) according to claim 2, characterized in that The height-to-diameter ratio of the porous layer (130) satisfies the following relationship: 0.2 <H / Φ<10, Where H is the height of the pore layer and Φ is the diameter of the pore layer.

4. The reaction apparatus (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that The reaction unit (102) has a sandwich structure, wherein the porous layer (130) is arranged between the retainers (120).

5. The reaction apparatus (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that The retainer is a flexible retainer with a thickness greater than 10 mm.

6. The reaction apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Multiple reaction units (102) are provided in the housing (110) and are arranged spaced apart from each other or stacked.

7. The reaction apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that A spacer is provided to maintain a predetermined distance between the retainer (120) and the porous layer (130).

8. The reaction apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The housing (110) is provided with a support structure (140) that protrudes radially inward from the inner wall of the housing (110) or is a perforated plate arranged in the housing (110).

9. The reaction apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The thickness of the porous layer (130) does not exceed 20 mm.

10. The reaction apparatus (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The reaction apparatus (100) also has a temperature control unit (150) arranged to surround the housing (110) of the reaction apparatus (100) in the circumferential direction.

11. The reaction apparatus (100) according to claim 10, characterized in that The temperature control unit (150) is a tubular furnace, a double-jacketed circulating fluid, or a heating jacket.

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