Preparation method and mold of an aluminum matrix composite material

Abstract

The present invention discloses a preparation method and a mold for an aluminum matrix composite material, including an extrusion base, an infiltration mold is fitted on the extrusion base, a central circular hole for carrying the infiltration mold is provided at the central position of the extrusion base, the infiltration mold is fitted in the central circular hole, an auxiliary extrusion assembly is fitted on the upper end surface of the infiltration mold, and a locking assembly is installed on the side wall of the auxiliary extrusion assembly. The extrusion correction assembly provided by the present invention has a certain inclination angle of the correction rollers when installing the extrusion rod before the aluminum melt infiltration. During the process of the extrusion rod being inserted into the infiltration mold, when the extrusion rod pushes the correction rollers to rotate, the component forces generated by the frictional forces between the multiple correction rollers and the extrusion rod act together to promote the rotation of the extrusion rod, thereby correcting the possible uneven placement or jamming during the lowering of the extrusion rod below, enabling the extrusion rod to be quickly installed in place during the aluminum melt infiltration stage and avoiding the generation of gaps between the extrusion rod and the inner wall of the infiltration mold, thus preventing the overflow of the aluminum liquid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum matrix composite material production, and particularly relates to a preparation method and a mold for an aluminum matrix composite material. Background Art

[0002] Non-metal particle-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material is a new high-tech material with the most extensive application prospects in metal matrix composite materials. The production method of aluminum matrix composite materials is generally powder metallurgy. Non-metal particle powder is put into a mold, compacted, and heated. Then, aluminum is melted and infiltrated into the gaps of the non-metal powder under air pressure or direct pressure to form an aluminum matrix composite material.

[0003] When using the above method to prepare aluminum matrix composite materials, generally, an extrusion rod is pressed into the mold by a press to infiltrate aluminum liquid into the non-metal powder. In this process, the following problems exist. When the extrusion rod enters the mold, due to inclination or uneven pressure, it is easy to tilt during movement, resulting in a gap between it and the mold. When pressurized, the aluminum liquid overflows along the gap, which is likely to cause harm to operators and produce defective materials, thus causing great losses to production. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a preparation method and a mold for an aluminum matrix composite material to solve the above problems.

[0005] The present invention realizes the above purpose through the following technical solutions: A preparation method and a mold for an aluminum matrix composite material, including an extrusion base, an infiltration mold is fitted on the extrusion base. A central circular hole for carrying the infiltration mold is opened at the center of the extrusion base, and the infiltration mold is fitted in the central circular hole. An auxiliary extrusion component is fitted on the upper end surface of the infiltration mold, and a locking component is installed on the side wall of the auxiliary extrusion component.

[0006] The auxiliary extrusion component includes a connecting bottom plate coaxially fitted with the infiltration mold through a pin shaft. A plurality of extrusion correction components are circumferentially and equally spaced on the upper end surface of the connecting bottom plate. An annular fixing plate is fixed on the upper end surface of the extrusion correction component. An annular connecting plate is arranged above the annular fixing plate, and the annular connecting plate is fixedly connected with the sliding part in the extrusion correction component. A support spring is arranged between the annular fixing plate and the annular connecting plate.

[0007] Preferably: the extrusion correction assembly includes a plurality of fan-shaped support plates fixed on the upper end surface of the connecting bottom plate, a mounting groove is provided on the side wall at one end of the fan-shaped support plate, and a sliding groove is provided on the side wall at the other end of the fan-shaped support plate; a sliding mounting plate is matched in the sliding groove, a rectangular groove is provided on the side wall at one end of the sliding mounting plate close to the mounting groove, and the rectangular groove is parallel to the mounting groove, a plurality of rotating shafts are rotatably matched in the mounting groove at equal intervals, a waist hole is provided in the rectangular groove at the same height position as the rotating shaft, and a limiting shaft is matched in the waist hole, a connecting roller is fixedly connected between the limiting shaft and the rotating shaft, and a correction roller is rotatably matched on the outer wall of the connecting roller.

[0008] Preferably, a clearance hole is provided at a position of the annular fixing plate corresponding to the position of the sliding mounting plate, and one end of the sliding mounting plate is slidably matched with the clearance hole.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the sliding mounting plate passes through the clearance hole, and the end of the sliding mounting plate passing through the clearance hole is fixedly connected to the annular connecting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the extrusion base comprises a base body, a detection groove is provided on one side wall of the base body, and a vacuum pipe connected to the central circular hole is provided on one side wall of the base body.

[0011] Preferably: the impregnation mold includes a mold body that fits on the upper end surface of the extrusion base, the center of the mold body is a mold bin, a porous plate is fixed at the bottom of the mold bin, the upper end surface of the porous plate is paved with asbestos, and the lower end surface of the mold body is provided with a connecting convex edge that matches the central circular hole opened in the extrusion base.

[0012] Preferably: the locking assembly includes an arc-shaped support plate fixed at one end to the upper end surface of the connecting base plate, and the other end of the arc-shaped support plate is provided with a rolling bearing, a roller is matched in the rolling bearing, and a cam lock is fixed at one end of the roller close to the extrusion correction assembly, and the cam lock and the annular connecting plate form a matching mechanism, and a locking support rod is fixed at the other end of the roller.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the correction roller is tangent to the outer wall of the extrusion rod.

[0014] A method for preparing an aluminum-based composite material, comprising a mold for preparing the aluminum-based composite material, and further comprising:

[0015] S1: Fix the extrusion base on the extrusion platform of the press;

[0016] S2: Lay asbestos on the porous plate and load non-metallic material powder into the mold body;

[0017] S3: Coaxially install the auxiliary extrusion component and the upper locking component as a whole with the impregnation mold. Then, manually insert the extrusion rod, and use the extrusion rod to tamp the non-metallic material powder. Then, move the mold to the press and cooperate with the extrusion base, and use the press to extrude the non-metallic powder into a formed shape;

[0018] S4: Remove the mold, take out the extrusion rod and the auxiliary extrusion component. Then, put the impregnation mold into the furnace and heat it to the specified temperature. At the same time, heat the aluminum to the impregnation temperature. Take out the impregnation mold and place it on the extrusion base, and pour the molten aluminum into the mold;

[0019] S5: Change the state of the upper locking component to make the correction rollers in the extrusion correction component tilt, and then install it on the impregnation mold;

[0020] S6: Put in the extrusion rod. The extrusion rod enters the impregnation mold with the assistance of the correction rollers. Use an external vacuum device to suck the central hole of the extrusion base. At the same time, the press extrudes the extrusion rod to make the molten aluminum infiltrate into the gaps of the non-metallic powder until the molten aluminum passes through the perforated plate and is detected by the detection system arranged in the detection groove. Then, restore the pressure and cool and demold the whole mold.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The extrusion correction component provided by the present invention, when installing the extrusion rod before tamping the non-metallic powder in the mold and infiltrating the molten aluminum, changes the state of the correction rollers through the upper locking component, which are in the horizontal and inclined states respectively. When tamping the non-metallic powder, multiple groups and multiple axially arranged correction rollers jointly tangent to the outer wall of the extrusion rod placed in the impregnation mold to assist in straightening. When it is repeatedly inserted and pulled out, it will not cause difficulties in inserting or unevenness after insertion due to uneven force points of the operator or mechanical equipment when inserting, resulting in the extrusion rod being squeezed against the inner wall of the impregnation mold;

[0022] When installing the extrusion rod before infiltrating the molten aluminum, the correction rollers have a certain inclination angle. During the process of the extrusion rod being inserted into the impregnation mold, when the extrusion rod pushes the correction rollers to rotate, the component forces generated by the frictional forces between the multiple correction rollers and the extrusion rod jointly act to promote the rotation of the extrusion rod, so as to correct the possible uneven placement or jamming during the lowering of the extrusion rod, enabling the extrusion rod to be quickly installed in place during the molten aluminum infiltration stage and avoiding the generation of gaps between the extrusion rod and the inner wall of the impregnation mold, thereby causing the overflow of the aluminum liquid. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is an assembly schematic view of a preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a top view of a preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a cross-sectional view along A-A in;

[0028] Figure 5 is the present invention Figure 4 an enlarged view of area B in;

[0029] Figure 6 is an assembly schematic view of the auxiliary extrusion part of the mold according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged view of area C in.

[0031] The description of the reference numerals is as follows:

[0032] 1. Extrusion base; 2. Impregnation mold; 3. Auxiliary extrusion assembly; 4. Upper locking assembly; 5. Extrusion rod; 11. Base main body; 12. Detection groove; 13. Vacuum pipeline; 21. Mold main body; 22. Porous plate; 23. Connecting convex edge; 31. Connecting bottom plate; 32. Extrusion correction assembly; 33. Ring-shaped fixing plate; 34. Ring-shaped connecting plate; 35. Support spring; 61. Arc-shaped support plate; 62. Rolling bearing; 63. Roller; 64. Cam lock head; 65. Upper locking support rod; 321. Sector-shaped support plate; 322. Installation groove; 323. Sliding installation plate; 324. Rectangular groove; 325. Rotating shaft; 326. Limiting shaft; 327. Connecting roller; 328. Correction roller; 331. Yielding hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plural" is two or more than two.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "coupled" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings:

[0036] As shown in Figures 1-7 the figure, a preparation method and a mold for an aluminum matrix composite material include an extrusion base 1, an infiltration mold 2 is fitted on the extrusion base 1, a central circular hole for carrying the infiltration mold 2 is opened at the central position of the extrusion base 1, the infiltration mold 2 is fitted in the central circular hole, an auxiliary extrusion assembly 3 is fitted on the upper end surface of the infiltration mold 2, and a locking assembly 4 is installed on the side wall of the auxiliary extrusion assembly 3;

[0037] As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figures 4-5As shown in the figure, the auxiliary extrusion assembly 3 includes a connecting bottom plate 31 coaxially fitted with the impregnation die 2 through a pin shaft. A plurality of extrusion correction assemblies 32 are circumferentially and equally spaced on the upper end surface of the connecting bottom plate 31. An annular fixing plate 33 is fixed on the upper end surface of the extrusion correction assembly 32. An annular connecting plate 34 is arranged above the annular fixing plate 33, and the annular connecting plate 34 is fixedly connected to the sliding part in the extrusion correction assembly 32. A support spring 35 is arranged between the annular fixing plate 33 and the annular connecting plate 34. The annular fixing plate 33 is fixedly connected to the die body 21 through the extrusion correction assembly 32. The annular connecting plate 34 connects the plurality of sliding parts in the extrusion correction assembly 32, and the whole is slidably matched with the annular fixing plate 33. The support spring 35 outputs an upward elastic force to the annular connecting plate 34.

[0038] As an embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 4-5 shown, the extrusion correction assembly 32 includes a plurality of sector-shaped support plates 321 fixed on the upper end surface of the connecting bottom plate 31. An installation groove 322 is opened on one side wall of one end of the sector-shaped support plate 321. A sliding groove is opened on the other side wall of the sector-shaped support plate 321. A sliding installation plate 323 is fitted in the sliding groove. A rectangular groove 324 is opened on one side wall of the sliding installation plate 323 close to the installation groove 322, and the rectangular groove 324 is parallel to the installation groove 322. The sliding installation plate 323 is the sliding part in the extrusion correction assembly 32. The upper end surfaces of the plurality of sliding installation plates 323 are fixedly connected to the annular connecting plate 34 together. A plurality of rotating shafts 325 are rotatably fitted in the installation groove 322 at equal intervals. A waist hole is correspondingly opened at the same height position as the rotating shaft 325 in the rectangular groove 324, and a limiting shaft 326 is fitted in the waist hole. A connecting roller 327 is fixedly connected between the limiting shaft 326 and the rotating shaft 325. The rotating shaft 325, the limiting shaft 326 and the connecting roller 327 are fitted and installed as a whole. Its rotating shaft 325 is the hinged end, and the limiting shaft 326 is the sliding end. By changing the relative height between the limiting shaft 326 and the rotating shaft 325, the inclination of the connecting roller 327 is changed. A correction roller 328 is rotatably fitted on the outer wall of the connecting roller 327. The outer wall of the positive roller 328 is tangent to the outer wall of the extrusion rod 5. When the connecting roller 327 is parallel to the connecting bottom plate 31, multiple groups and a plurality of correction rollers 328 arranged axially are jointly tangent to the outer wall of the extrusion rod 5 placed in the impregnation die 2 to assist in straightening. When it is repeatedly inserted and pulled out, it will not cause the situation that the extrusion rod 5 is difficult to insert or uneven after insertion due to the uneven force points of the operator or the mechanical equipment during insertion. At the same time, in this state, the plurality of correction rollers 328 jointly extrude the extrusion rod 5 to reduce the hard contact between the extrusion rod 5 and the inner wall of the impregnation die 2, reduce the friction force of the extrusion rod 5 during up and down movement, and facilitate the compaction of the non-metallic material powder;

[0039] When the connecting roller 327 is tilted relative to the connecting base plate 31, the correction roller 328 has a certain tilt angle. During the process of inserting the extruded rod 5 into the impregnation mold 2, when the extruded rod 5 pushes the correction roller 328 to rotate, the component force generated by the friction between the multiple correction rollers 328 and the extruded rod 5 works together to cause the extruded rod 5 to rotate, thereby correcting the uneven placement or jamming of the extruded rod 5 that may exist below, so that the extruded rod 5 can be quickly installed in place during the aluminum liquid impregnation stage, and avoiding the formation of a gap between the extruded rod 5 and the inner wall of the infiltration mold 2, which may cause the aluminum liquid to overflow.

[0040] As an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 6 As shown, a clearance hole 331 is opened at the position of the annular fixing plate 33 corresponding to the sliding mounting plate 323, and one end of the sliding mounting plate 323 is slidably matched with the clearance hole 331, one end of the sliding mounting plate 323 passes through the clearance hole 331, and the end of the sliding mounting plate 323 passing through the clearance hole 331 is fixedly connected to the annular connecting plate 34, the annular fixing plate 33 is fixedly connected to the connecting bottom plate 31, and the sliding mounting plate 323 passes through the clearance hole 331 and is fixedly connected to the annular connecting plate 34.

[0041] As an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 The extrusion base 1 shown includes a base body 11, a detection groove 12 is opened on one side wall of the base body 11, a vacuum pipe 13 connected to the central circular hole is provided on one side wall of the base body 11, a thin wall is provided between the detection groove 12 and the central circular hole, a monitoring sensing module is connected in the detection groove 12 to sense the infiltration of aluminum water, and the vacuum pipe 13 is externally connected to a vacuum pumping device. In the aluminum water infiltration stage, the central circular hole is vacuumed by the vacuum pumping equipment to discharge the air in the gaps between the non-metallic powder particles, thereby accelerating the pressure infiltration of aluminum water.

[0042] As an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the impregnation mold 2 includes a mold body 21 matched with the upper end surface of the extrusion base 1, the center of the mold body 21 is a mold bin, a porous plate 22 is fixed at the bottom of the mold bin, the upper end surface of the porous plate 22 is paved with asbestos, and the lower end surface of the mold body 21 is provided with a connecting convex edge 23 matched with the central circular hole opened in the extrusion base 1. The connection convex edge 23 is provided to facilitate the placement of the infiltration mold 2 into the central circular hole set in the extrusion base 1, and at the same time, enhance the sealing of the central circular hole during aluminum water infiltration.

[0043] As an embodiment of the present invention, Figures 5-6As shown in the figure, the locking component 4 includes an arc-shaped support plate 41 with one end fixed to the upper end surface of the connecting base plate 31. A rolling bearing 42 is provided at the other end of the arc-shaped support plate 41. A roller shaft 43 is fitted in the rolling bearing 42. One end of the roller shaft 43 close to the extrusion correction component 32 is fixed with a cam lock head 44. The cam lock head 44 and the annular connecting plate 34 form a mating mechanism. The other end of the roller shaft 43 is fixed with a locking support rod 45. The annular connecting plate 34 has a tendency to move upward under the support of the support spring 35. During the stage of compacting the non-metallic powder, the small plane of the cam lock head 44 cooperates with the annular connecting plate 34, so that the sliding mounting plate 323 connected below the annular connecting plate 34 is in the original position, and the correction roller 328 will not tilt. During the infiltration stage, the large plane of the cam lock head 44 cooperates with the annular connecting plate 34. At this time, the annular connecting plate 34 moves upward under the push of the support spring 35, thereby driving the limit shaft 326 to move upward, causing the correction roller 328 to tilt, which is used to correct the position of the extrusion rod 5 during the infiltration of molten aluminum.

[0044] A preparation method of an aluminum matrix composite material includes an aluminum matrix composite material preparation mold, and further includes:

[0045] S1: Fix the extrusion base 1 on the extrusion platform of the press. Install a monitoring induction module for sensing molten aluminum in the detection groove 12. The vacuum pipeline 13 is externally connected to a vacuum pumping device, and vacuum pumping treatment is performed on the central position at the bottom of the extrusion base 1 during the pressure infiltration stage of molten aluminum.

[0046] S2: Lay asbestos above the porous plate 22, and load the non-metallic material powder into the interior of the mold body 21;

[0047] S3: Integrally install the auxiliary extrusion component 3 and the locking component 4 coaxially with the infiltration mold 2. Rotate the locking support rod 45 to make the small plane end of the cam lock head 44 cooperate with the annular connecting plate 34, and extrude the annular connecting plate 34, so that the height of the limit shaft 326 and the rotating shaft 325 provided in the sliding mounting plate 323 is the same, so that the correction roller 328 maintains a horizontal state. Then, manually insert the extrusion rod 5, and use the extrusion rod 5 to tamp the non-metallic material powder. During the tamping process, use multiple correction rollers 328 tangent to the extrusion rod 5 to make the extrusion rod 5 not easy to deflect during the up and down sliding, which is convenient for repeated tamping downward. Then, move the mold to the press and cooperate with the extrusion base 1 to extrude and form the non-metallic powder by the press;

[0048] S4: Remove the mold, remove the extrusion rod 5 and the auxiliary extrusion component 3. Then, put the infiltration mold 2 into the furnace and heat it to the specified temperature. At the same time, heat the aluminum to the infiltration temperature. Take out the infiltration mold 2 and place it on the extrusion base 1, and pour the molten aluminum into the mold;

[0049] S5: Change the state of the locking component 4. Rotate the locking support rod 45 to make the large flat end of the cam lock head 44 cooperate with the annular connecting plate 34, so that the annular connecting plate 34 is lifted under the action of the support spring 35, thereby making the height of the limit shaft 326 provided in the sliding mounting plate 323 higher than that of the rotating shaft 325, making the correction roller 328 inclined. A plurality of synchronously inclined correction rollers 328 are tangent to the outer wall of the extrusion rod 5 during installation, and then it is installed on the impregnation mold 2.

[0050] S6: Place the extrusion rod 5. The outer wall of the extrusion rod 5 is tangent to the correction roller 328. During the process of the extrusion rod 5 moving downward, the inclined correction roller 328 rubs against the extrusion rod 5 to make the extrusion rod 5 rotate and move downward, thus avoiding the situation that when the extrusion rod (5) is directly placed, due to manual or equipment reasons, the placement is slightly inclined and there are gaps, enabling the extrusion rod 5 to be stably lowered vertically to the designated position. Then, use an external vacuum device to suck the central hole of the extrusion base 1 to extract the air between the non-metallic powder particles, accelerate the infiltration of molten aluminum, improve the infiltration quality. At the same time, the press extrudes the extrusion rod 5 to make the molten aluminum infiltrate into the gaps of the non-metallic powder until the molten aluminum passes through the porous plate 22 and is detected by the monitoring induction module arranged in the detection groove 12. Use an electrical signal to stop the operation of the vacuum extraction device and restore the pressure of the central hole of the extrusion base 1, and then cool and demold the whole mold.

[0051] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material, comprising an extrusion base (1), an infiltration mold (2) is fitted on the extrusion base (1), a central round hole for bearing the infiltration mold (2) is opened at the central position of the extrusion base (1), and the infiltration mold (2) is fitted in the central round hole, and it is characterized in that: The upper end surface of the impregnation mold (2) is equipped with an auxiliary extrusion component (3), and the side wall of the auxiliary extrusion component (3) is equipped with a locking component (4); The auxiliary extrusion assembly (3) comprises a connecting base plate (31) coaxially matched with the impregnation mold (2) via a pin shaft; a plurality of extrusion correction assemblies (32) are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the upper end surface of the connecting base plate (31); an annular fixing plate (33) is fixed to the upper end surface of the extrusion correction assembly (32); an annular connecting plate (34) is provided above the annular fixing plate (33); the annular connecting plate (34) is fixedly connected to a sliding component in the extrusion correction assembly (32); a supporting spring (35) is provided between the annular fixing plate (33) and the annular connecting plate (34); the extrusion correction assembly (32) comprises a plurality of fan-shaped supporting plates (321) fixed to the upper end surface of the connecting base plate (31); a mounting groove is provided on a side wall at one end of the fan-shaped supporting plate (321) (322), a sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the other end of the fan-shaped support plate (321); a sliding mounting plate (323) is matched in the sliding groove, a rectangular groove (324) is provided on the side wall of one end of the sliding mounting plate (323) close to the mounting groove (322), and the rectangular groove (324) is parallel to the mounting groove (322), a plurality of rotating shafts (325) are rotatably matched in the mounting groove (322) at equal intervals, a waist hole is provided in the rectangular groove (324) at the same height position as the rotating shaft (325), and a limiting shaft (326) is matched in the waist hole, a connecting roller (327) is fixedly connected between the limiting shaft (326) and the rotating shaft (325), and a correction roller (328) is rotatably matched on the outer wall of the connecting roller (327).

2. The preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: A clearance hole (331) is provided on the annular fixing plate (33) at a position corresponding to the sliding mounting plate (323), and one end of the sliding mounting plate (323) is slidably matched with the clearance hole (331).

3. The preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 2, and it is characterized in that: One end of the sliding mounting plate (323) passes through the clearance hole (331), and the end of the sliding mounting plate (323) passing through the clearance hole (331) is fixedly connected to the annular connecting plate (34).

4. The preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that: The extrusion base (1) comprises a base body (11), a detection groove (12) is provided on one side wall of the base body (11), and a vacuum pipe (13) communicating with the central circular hole is provided on one side wall of the base body (11).

5. The preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 4, and it is characterized in that: The impregnation mold (2) comprises a mold body (21) which is matched with the upper end surface of the extrusion base (1), the center of the mold body (21) is a mold bin, a porous plate (22) is fixed at the bottom of the mold bin, the upper end surface of the porous plate (22) is paved with asbestos, and the lower end surface of the mold body (21) is provided with a connecting convex edge (23) which is matched with the central circular hole opened in the extrusion base (1).

6. The preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 3, and it is characterized in that: The locking component (4) includes an arc-shaped support plate (41) with one end fixed to the upper end surface of the connecting base plate (31). The other end of the arc-shaped support plate (41) is provided with a rolling bearing (42). A roller shaft (43) is fitted in the rolling bearing (42). One end of the roller shaft (43) close to the extrusion correction component (32) is fixed with a cam lock head (44). The cam lock head (44) and the annular connecting plate (34) form a mating mechanism. The other end of the roller shaft (43) is fixed with a locking support rod (45).

7. The preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 3, and it is characterized in that: The outer wall of the correction roller (328) is tangent to the outer wall of the extrusion rod (5).

8. A preparation method for an aluminum matrix composite material, comprising the preparation mold for an aluminum matrix composite material according to claim 5, and it is characterized in that: It further includes: S1: Fix the extrusion base (1) on the extrusion platform of the press; S2: Lay asbestos above the porous plate (22) and load the non-metallic powder into the interior of the mold body (21); S3: Mount the auxiliary extrusion component (3) and the locking component (4) integrally and coaxially with the impregnation mold (2). Then manually insert the extrusion rod (5) and use the extrusion rod (5) to tamp the non-metallic powder. Then move the mold to the press and mate it with the extrusion base (1). Use the press to extrude the non-metallic powder into a shape; S4: Remove the mold, remove the extrusion rod (5) and the auxiliary extrusion component (3). Then place the impregnation mold (2) in a furnace and heat it to a specified temperature. At the same time, heat the aluminum to the impregnation temperature. Take out the impregnation mold (2) and place it on the extrusion base (1), and pour the molten aluminum into the mold; S5: Change the state of the locking component (4) to make the correction roller (328) in the extrusion correction component (32) tilt, and then mount it on the impregnation mold (2); S6: Insert the extrusion rod (5). The extrusion rod (5) enters the impregnation mold (2) with the assistance of the correction roller (328). Use an external vacuum device to suck the central hole of the extrusion base (1). At the same time, the press extrudes the extrusion rod (5) to make the molten aluminum infiltrate into the gaps of the non-metallic powder until the molten aluminum passes through the porous plate (22) and is detected by the detection system arranged in the detection groove (12). Then restore the pressure and cool and demold the whole mold.

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