A seismic isolation / vibration layer for building structures

Abstract

The present invention relates to a seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure, comprising a shock absorbing / vibration device arranged in an upper structure and a lower structure, wherein the shock absorbing / vibration device comprises a plurality of groups of integrated supports arranged in series; each group of integrated supports comprises a connecting plate and a unit support, wherein the connecting plate comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate; the unit supports are in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of unit supports are arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate; wherein the upper connecting plate is connected to the upper structure or the lower connecting plate of the integrated support located above it; the lower connecting plate is connected to the lower structure or the upper connecting plate of the integrated support located below it; the unit support comprises an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate, and an elastic pad arranged between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate; and steel shear members are arranged between the upper sealing plate and the upper connecting plate, the lower sealing plate, and the lower connecting plate. Through the above improvements, the seismic isolation / vibration effect of the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the present invention is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a building structure, in particular to a seismic isolation / vibration layer used for the building structure. Background Art

[0002] The seismic isolation layer refers to the general term for all components of the seismic isolation building set at the foundation, bottom or between the lower structure and the upper structure, including seismic isolation bearings, damping devices, wind-resistant devices, limit devices, tensile devices, auxiliary devices and related supporting or connecting components, etc. Among them, the reasonable setting and design of the seismic isolation layer plays a decisive role in the functional realization of the seismic isolation technology and the performance level of the seismic isolation structure.

[0003] Currently, more and more buildings, structures, structures and equipment have put forward new requirements for the performance of seismic isolation / vibration layers, that is, the seismic isolation / vibration layer is required to have the dual functions of isolating earthquake effects and isolating environmental vibration effects to achieve a three-dimensional seismic isolation / vibration effect. However, to achieve the above functions, the configuration, setting method and design of mainstream seismic isolation / vibration layer devices still have the following specific difficulties:

[0004] (1) When designing seismic isolation / vibration layers, shear members are often required to provide the seismic isolation layer with wind-resistant yield strength. Since the upper and lower ends of the classic wind-resistant shear members are fixed on the upper structure and the lower structure respectively, the vertical environmental vibration can be easily transmitted directly to the upper structure through the wind-resistant device, reducing or even dissipating the vibration isolation effect. This problem needs to be solved urgently.

[0005] (2) When designing a seismic isolation / vibration layer, it is often necessary to use a damper to increase the damping of the seismic isolation layer, enhance the seismic isolation effect and control the displacement of the seismic isolation layer under strong earthquakes. Since the upper and lower ends of the classic damper are respectively fixed to the upper structure and the lower structure, the vertical environmental vibration can be easily transmitted directly to the upper structure through the damper, reducing or even dissipating the vibration isolation effect, which also needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and to provide a seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure, wherein the seismic isolation / vibration layer has a better seismic isolation / vibration effect.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0008] A seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure, comprising a shock absorbing / vibration device arranged in an upper structure and a lower structure, wherein the shock absorbing / vibration device comprises a plurality of groups of integrated supports arranged in series; each group of integrated supports comprises a connecting plate and a unit support, wherein the connecting plate comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate; the unit supports are in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of unit supports are arranged between an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate; wherein the upper connecting plate is connected to the upper structure or the lower connecting plate of an integrated support located above it; and the lower connecting plate is connected to the lower structure or the upper connecting plate of an integrated support located below it; the unit support comprises an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate and an elastic pad arranged between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, wherein steel shear members are arranged between the upper sealing plate and the upper connecting plate, and between the lower sealing plate and the lower connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a wind-resistant device, which includes a shear piece and an outer sleeve, wherein the outer sleeve is a hollow structure, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the lower structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the upper end is provided with an opening; the upper end of the shear piece is fixedly connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the middle section of the shear piece is provided with a shear surface; the lower end of the shear piece extends into the opening at the upper end of the outer sleeve, and the shear surface is located above the opening at the upper end of the outer sleeve; a rubber layer is provided between the side wall of the shear piece and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and a rubber layer is also filled between the lower part of the shear piece and the bottom of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, or a gap is left.

[0010] Preferably, a damping device is further included, wherein the damping device is a displacement damper or a velocity damper.

[0011] Preferably, the displacement type damper is made of soft steel, lead or lead core rubber, with its upper end fixedly connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and its lower end extending into the inner cavity of a matching outer sleeve, which is installed on the lower structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer; a rubber layer is provided between the side wall of the lower end of the displacement type damper and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and a rubber layer is also filled between the bottom of the displacement type damper and the bottom of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, or a gap is left.

[0012] Preferably, the velocity damper adopts a viscous liquid damper or an eddy current damper, one end of which is connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer through a hinge joint, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the support rod through a hinge joint, the lower end of the support rod extends into the inner cavity of an outer sleeve matched therewith, and the outer sleeve is installed on the lower structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer; a rubber layer is arranged between the side wall of the lower end of the support rod and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and a rubber layer is also filled between the bottom of the support rod and the bottom of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, or a gap is left.

[0013] Preferably, the elastic pad is made of natural rubber or a high-damping rubber layer, or a rubber layer is used to cover a vertical steel spring, wherein the vertical steel spring and the rubber layer are vulcanized as one piece, or a hole is made in the rubber layer after it is made to install the vertical steel spring; the elastic pad can also use a rubber layer alone, or a vertical steel spring alone; the unit support adjusts the stiffness and stability of the unit support by adjusting the ratio of the rubber layer to the vertical steel spring.

[0014] Preferably, the structure and size of the unit supports in the integrated supports within the seismic isolation / vibration layer are the same.

[0015] Preferably, the cross-section of the unit support includes but is not limited to polygonal and circular.

[0016] Preferably, in the shock-absorbing / vibration device located in two adjacent column positions, except for the upper connecting plate connected to the upper structure and the lower connecting plate connected to the lower structure, the upper connecting plates and the lower connecting plates in the remaining integrated supports are respectively connected to each other to form an integrated structure.

[0017] Preferably, in the shock absorbing / vibration device, except for the upper connecting plate connected to the upper structure and the lower connecting plate connected to the lower structure, the adjacent upper connecting plate and lower connecting plate located in the middle part are an integrated structure.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The integrated support used in the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the building structure of the present invention is integrated by a plurality of unit supports in parallel and series through a connecting plate. According to the design requirements of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, the stiffness, damping ratio and stability of the integrated support are controlled by adjusting the number of parallel unit supports and the number of series layers. Its beneficial effects are as follows: the stiffness and damping calculation of different integrated bearings only requires the use of the measured stiffness and damping parameters of the same unit bearing, and the corresponding calculation is performed according to the general series and parallel formulas, which makes the calculation very convenient and eliminates the redundant parameter libraries of various bearings; the effective load area of ​​the integrated bearing is divided into a plurality of smaller unit bearing load areas, so that compared with the traditional rubber bearing, under the same pressure bearing area conditions, the circumference of the bearing load area increases by several to dozens of times, and the side surface area for the rubber layer to bulge freely increases by several to dozens of times compared with the free side surface area of ​​the rubber layer of the traditional laminated rubber bearing, thereby significantly reducing the vertical stiffness of the bearing and realizing the environmental vibration isolation function; at the same time, only the spacing between the parallel unit bearings needs to be adjusted to increase the ratio of the equivalent diameter or side length of the integrated bearing to its total rubber thickness, and to increase the ratio of the height to the width of the integrated bearing, so as to maintain the overall stability of the bearing. Therefore, the integrated support has both vertical flexibility and anti-buckling stability under compression and shear state, so that the seismic isolation / vibration layer can achieve efficient dual vibration control function.

[0020] 2. The integrated supports used in the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the building structure of the present invention all use unit supports of the same specifications. According to the axial force and load requirements of the vertical components, integrated supports of different sizes and bearing capacities are integrated and arranged at the corresponding vertical component column positions. The design surface pressure of all unit supports is basically consistent by adjusting the number of parallel unit supports in the integrated supports, and the same number of series layers of integrated supports are used. Its beneficial effects are as follows: the vertical deformation of the shock-absorbing / vibration device is uniquely determined by the mechanical properties of a single unit support, the number of serial layers of the integrated support, and the design surface pressure of the unit support. Since all the integrated supports in the seismic isolation / vibration layer adopt the same specification of integrated supports with the same number of serial layers and basically the same design surface pressure, the vertical deformation of the shock-absorbing / vibration device at different column positions is consistent, making it easy to control the uneven settlement of each column position of the seismic isolation / vibration layer in design. By adopting the design method, even if the vertical stiffness of the unit support has deviations due to design or process, since the same type of unit supports are used, the vertical deformation deviation of all shock-absorbing / vibration devices can be basically consistent, and the settlement of different column positions is simultaneously positive or negative, and the uneven settlement of the seismic isolation / vibration layer is also suppressed, thereby ensuring the safety of the civil structure.

[0021] 3. The present invention uses unit supports of the same specifications in the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the building structure, and the unit supports use smaller specifications of rubber. According to the cross-sectional dimensions and shapes of different vertical components such as columns, special-shaped columns and shear walls, as well as the requirements for the installation space of the supports, the plane layout of the unit supports at the corresponding column positions is determined, so that the size and plane shape of the integrated supports are consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the vertical components. Its beneficial effect is that due to the use of unit supports of relatively small specifications, the designer can flexibly arrange the plane shape of the integrated supports according to the original cross-sectional shape of the vertical components, without having to expand the columns or add conversion structures separately for the seismic isolation / vibration layer design. For example, for special-shaped columns or short-limb shear walls with common L-shaped, T-shaped, cross-shaped, straight-shaped and other cross-sectional forms of the structure, the unit supports can be directly used to integrate integrated supports with L-shaped, T-shaped, cross-shaped, straight-shaped and other plane shapes, so that they can directly match the cross-sectional shape of the vertical components and the installation space, without being restricted by the round or square specifications of traditional rubber bearings.

[0022] 4. In the vicinity of the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the building structure or the seismic isolation / vibration joint around the elevator room of the present invention, the vertical components adopt special-shaped columns or other cross-sectional designs that do not invade the seismic isolation / vibration joint boundary, and the size and plane shape of the integrated support also adopt corresponding cross-sectional shapes. Its beneficial effect is that the width of the seismic isolation / vibration joint around the seismic isolation / vibration layer or the elevator room must be greater than the minimum design width specified in the standard and calculated, and the adjacent vertical components and seismic isolation / vibration supports must not invade the seismic isolation / vibration joint width boundary, resulting in the arrangement space of the vertical components and supports adjacent to the seismic isolation / vibration joint or elevator shaft is very narrow, which is not enough to accommodate traditional seismic isolation supports or vertical components. The integrated support and the corresponding special-shaped column or relatively irregular column cross-sectional design are adopted to make its cross-section adapt to the allowed arrangement space, so as to avoid the seismic isolation / vibration joint boundary and reserve sufficient seismic isolation / vibration joint width, and complete the seismic isolation / vibration layer design and implementation of these parts.

[0023] 5. All integrated bearings in the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the building structure of the present invention are integrated with unit bearings of the same specifications. The unit bearings are selected with relatively small specifications and uniform parameter performance. The factory uses the same mold, process flow and the same type of equipment to manufacture, quality control and test the unit bearings. Its beneficial effect is that compared with traditional seismic isolation rubber bearings, which must be designed, vulcanized, quality controlled and tested for bearings of multiple specifications and models of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, since all integrated bearings of the seismic isolation / vibration layer are produced by the same unit bearings and then integrated, it is only necessary to select and analyze parameters for the same standardized unit bearings in the design stage, and only to manufacture, quality control and test the same unit bearings in the production vulcanization stage, which greatly reduces the molds, manufacturing processes, vulcanization equipment and testing equipment, greatly improves the standardization of the entire set of technologies, and easily achieves product quality improvement and saves costs.

[0024] 6. The present invention adopts a larger integrated bearing at the column position with larger axial force in the isolation / vibration layer of the building structure, and its unit bearing still adopts the same unit bearing as other column positions in the isolation / vibration layer, and the production and manufacturing process of the unit bearing remains consistent. When the size of the integrated bearing exceeds the applicable scope of the current detection equipment, its unit bearing or its integrated bearing part is used to replace the overall integrated bearing for performance testing. Its beneficial effect is that, compared with the traditional rubber isolation bearing made by one-piece vulcanization, the integrated bearing is integrated by relatively small-scale unit bearings, so it is no longer restricted by the previous vulcanization manufacturing equipment and process, and can be assembled and integrated with large-sized bearings at will, meeting the urgent need for bearing products at the column position with larger axial force in the isolation / vibration layer. In addition, the integrated bearing can be easily disassembled into unit bearings or their integrated bearing parts to complete performance testing, and is no longer restricted by the previous test and detection equipment in testing, and has a prospect for technology promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a plan view of one specific embodiment of the seismic isolation / vibration layer for building structures of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 Exploded view of the shock / vibration mount.

[0027] Figure 3 Exploded view of the integrated support.

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shock / vibration absorption device.

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the unit support.

[0030] Figure 6 The following is the arrangement diagram of five types of integrated supports on five types of special-shaped column positions.

[0031] Figure 7 and Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the shock-absorbing / vibration device in two adjacent column positions, wherein, except for the upper connecting plate connected to the upper structure and the lower connecting plate connected to the lower structure, the upper connecting plates and lower connecting plates in the remaining integrated supports are respectively connected into an integral structure.

[0032] Fig. 9 and Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind-resistant device.

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the velocity damper.

[0034] Fig.12It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the displacement damper (made of mild steel).

[0035] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a displacement damper (made of lead core rubber).

[0036] In the figure, 1 is an integrated bearing; 101 is an upper connecting plate; 102 is a lower connecting plate; 103 is a unit bearing; 104 is a steel shear member; 105 is an upper sealing plate; 106 is an elastic pad; 107 is a lower sealing plate; 2 is a beam; 3 is a column; 4 is a wind-resistant device; 5 is a damping device; 6 and 7 are seismic isolation / vibration joints; 8 is an elevator room; 9 is a connecting plate; 10 is an embedded plate; 11 is a shear member; 12 is a shear surface; 13 is an outer sleeve; 14 is a rubber layer; 15 is a velocity damper; 16 and 17 are hinged joints; 18 is a support rod; 19 is an outer sleeve; 20 is soft steel; 21 is a gap; 22 is a lead rod; 23 is a lead core rubber; 24 is a stiffening rib. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0038] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 The seismic isolation / vibration layer of the present invention can be composed of a shock-absorbing / vibration device arranged in the upper structure and the lower structure, or can be composed of the shock-absorbing / vibration device, and one or two of the wind-resistant device 4 and the damping device 5; wherein the selection and setting position of the shock-absorbing / vibration device, the wind-resistant device 4 and the damping device 5 can be selected according to actual conditions, for example, in Figure 1 In the embodiment, the wind-resistant device 4 is arranged on the corners of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the damping device 5 is arranged in the middle of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, for example, on the load-bearing beam 2 and the column 3 where the load-bearing beam 2 intersects.

[0039] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 The shock-absorbing / vibration device comprises a plurality of groups of integrated supports 1 arranged in series; each group of integrated supports 1 comprises an upper connecting plate 101, a lower connecting plate 102 and a plurality of groups of unit supports 103 arranged between the upper connecting plate 101 and the lower connecting plate 102, wherein the upper connecting plate 101 is connected to the upper structure or the lower connecting plate 102 of the integrated support 1 located above it; the lower connecting plate 102 is connected to the lower structure or the upper connecting plate 101 of the integrated support 1 located below it; wherein the structure and size of the unit supports 103 in the integrated support 1 in the seismic isolation / vibration layer are the same; the unit support 103 comprises an upper sealing plate 105, a lower sealing plate 107 and an elastic pad 106 arranged between the upper sealing plate 105 and the lower sealing plate 107;

[0040] in,

[0041] The "parallel connection" mentioned above means that the upper sealing plates 105 of the multiple unit supports 103 are fixedly connected to the same side of the same connecting plate, and the lower sealing plates 107 of the multiple unit supports 103 are fixedly connected to the same side of another connecting plate, so that the multiple unit supports 103 form the same group of parallel-connected integrated supports 1 between the two connecting plates;

[0042] The "series" mentioned above means that: a plurality of integrated supports 1 connected in parallel are stacked in sequence, and the adjacent superimposed connecting plates are fixedly connected to each other, so as to form a shock-absorbing / vibration device in which a plurality of integrated supports 1 connected in parallel are stacked and connected in series as a whole; the upper connecting plate 101 located at the uppermost end of the shock-absorbing / vibration device is fixedly connected to the embedded plate 10 of the upper structure of the shock-isolating / vibration layer, and the lower connecting plate 102 located at the lowermost end of the shock-absorbing / vibration device is fixedly connected to the embedded plate 10 of the lower structure of the shock-isolating / vibration layer; wherein, in the shock-absorbing / vibration device, except for the upper connecting plate 101 connected to the upper structure and the lower connecting plate 102 connected to the lower structure, the adjacent upper connecting plate 101 and the lower connecting plate 102 located in the middle part are an integrated structure;

[0043] In addition, the upper sealing plate 105 and the lower sealing plate 107 of the unit support 103 and the connecting plate (upper connecting plate 101 or lower connecting plate 102), between the connecting plate 9 and the embedded plate 10, and between the upper connecting plate 101 and the lower connecting plate 102 in two adjacent layers of the integrated support 1 are fixedly connected by bolt connection or welding; in addition, when the connection strength is insufficient, the upper sealing plate 105 and the lower sealing plate 107 are respectively provided with grooves at corresponding positions on the connecting plate and filled with steel shear members 104; and when designing the seismic isolation / vibration layer, the specifications of the corresponding unit support 103 are selected according to the performance requirements of the seismic isolation / vibration support, and the number of parallel-connected unit supports 103 and the number of series-connected layers of the integrated support 1 are adjusted to obtain the stiffness, damping ratio and stability of the shock-absorbing / vibration device.

[0044] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 , the elastic pad 106 is made of natural rubber or high damping rubber layer, or a rubber layer is used to cover a vertical steel spring, wherein the vertical steel spring is made by vulcanization with the rubber layer, or a hole is made and loaded into the rubber layer after the rubber layer is made; the elastic pad 106 can also be made of a rubber layer alone, or a vertical steel spring alone; the unit support 103 adjusts the stiffness and stability of the unit support 103 by adjusting the ratio of the rubber layer to the vertical steel spring. Its beneficial effect is that: the vertical steel spring is covered with a rubber layer, and the damping ratio is improved by the rubber layer, which makes up for the problem of too low damping ratio of the vertical steel spring; at the same time, the setting of the vertical steel spring can further reduce the vertical stiffness and improve the vertical low-frequency vibration isolation effect of the rubber pad; in addition, by adjusting the setting ratio of the rubber layer to the vertical steel spring, the designer can flexibly design the vertical stiffness and stability of the unit support 103.

[0045] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 The seismic isolation / vibration layer of the present invention adopts a single unit support 103, and integrates integrated supports 1 of different sizes and bearing capacities according to the axial force and load requirements of different vertical components, and arranges them at the corresponding vertical component column positions. Among them, by adjusting the number of parallel unit supports 103 of the integrated support 1, the design surface pressure of all unit supports 103 is basically consistent, and by using a consistent number of series layers of unit supports 103, the vertical deformation of each integrated support 1 is consistent.

[0046] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 The integrated supports 1 in the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the present invention all use unit supports 103 of the same specifications. According to the axial force of the vertical component and the load requirements, integrated supports 1 of different sizes and bearing capacities are integrated and arranged at the corresponding vertical component column positions. Among them, by adjusting the number of parallel unit supports 103 of the integrated support 1, the design surface pressure of all unit supports 103 is basically consistent, and the same number of series layers of integrated supports 1 is used to keep the vertical deformation of the shock / vibration device consistent; if necessary, the seismic isolation / vibration layer adds a few other types of unit supports 103 for auxiliary design of a few integrated supports 1.

[0047] Its beneficial effects are as follows: the vertical deformation of the shock-absorbing / vibration device is uniquely determined by the mechanical properties of a single unit support 103, the number of serial layers of the integrated support 1, and the design surface pressure of the unit support 103. Since all the integrated supports 1 of the seismic isolation / vibration layer adopt unit supports 103 of the same specification, and the number of serial layers of the integrated supports 1 and the basically consistent design surface pressure, the vertical deformation of the shock-absorbing / vibration device at different column positions is consistent, making it very easy to control the uneven settlement of each column position of the seismic isolation / vibration layer in design; by adopting the design method, even if the vertical stiffness of the unit support 103 has deviations due to design or process, since the same unit support 103 is adopted, the vertical deformation deviation of all shock-absorbing / vibration devices can be basically kept consistent, and the settlements of different column positions are simultaneously positively or negatively deviated, and the uneven settlement of the seismic isolation / vibration layer is also suppressed, thereby ensuring the safety of the civil structure.

[0048] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 The seismic isolation / vibration layer in the present invention uses unit supports 103 of the same specifications, and the unit supports 103 use smaller specifications. According to the cross-sectional dimensions and shapes of different vertical components such as columns, special-shaped columns and shear walls, as well as the support installation space requirements, the planar layout of the unit supports 103 at the corresponding column positions is determined so that the size and planar shape of the integrated support 1 are consistent with the cross-sectional dimensions of the vertical components.

[0049] The beneficial effect is that due to the use of relatively small unit supports 103, the designer can flexibly arrange the plane shape of the integrated support 1 according to the original cross-sectional shape of the vertical component, without having to expand the column or add a conversion structure for the isolation / vibration layer design. For example, for special-shaped columns or short-limb shear walls with common L-shaped, T-shaped, cross-shaped, straight-shaped and other cross-sectional forms, the unit supports 103 can be directly used to integrate integrated supports 1 with L-shaped, T-shaped, cross-shaped, straight-shaped and other plane shapes, so that they can directly match the cross-sectional shape of the vertical component and the installation space, without being restricted by the round or square specifications of traditional rubber bearings.

[0050] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 In the vicinity of the seismic isolation / vibration joints (6 and 7) around the seismic isolation / vibration layer or around the elevator room 8 of the present invention, vertical components adopt special-shaped columns or other cross-sectional designs that do not invade the boundaries of the seismic isolation / vibration joints (6 and 7), and the size and plane shape of the integrated support 1 also adopt corresponding cross-sectional shapes. The beneficial effect is that the width of the seismic isolation / vibration joints (6 and 7) around the general seismic isolation / vibration layer or around the elevator room 8 must be greater than the minimum design width specified in the standard and calculated, and the adjacent vertical components and seismic isolation / vibration supports must not invade the width limit of the seismic isolation / vibration joints (6 and 7), resulting in a very narrow layout space for the vertical components and supports adjacent to the seismic isolation / vibration joints (6 and 7) or the elevator shaft, which is insufficient to accommodate traditional seismic isolation supports or vertical components. The integrated support 1 and the corresponding special-shaped columns or relatively irregular column cross-section designs are used to make their cross-sections adapt to the allowed layout space, thereby avoiding the boundaries of the seismic isolation / vibration joints (6 and 7) and reserving sufficient widths of the seismic isolation / vibration joints (6 and 7), thereby completing the design and implementation of the seismic isolation / vibration layer in these areas.

[0051] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 , all the integrated supports 1 in the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the present invention are integrated with unit supports 103 of the same specifications. The unit supports 103 are selected with relatively small specifications and uniform parameters and performance. The factory uses the same mold, process flow and the same type of equipment to manufacture, quality control and test the unit supports 103. Its beneficial effect is that compared with the traditional seismic isolation rubber bearings, which must be designed, integrated vulcanized, quality controlled and tested for the multiple specifications and multiple models of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, since all the integrated supports 1 in the seismic isolation / vibration layer are produced and integrated by the same unit supports 103, in the design stage, only the standardized unit support 103 needs to be selected and parameter analyzed, and in the production vulcanization stage, only the unit support 103 needs to be manufactured, quality controlled and tested, which greatly reduces the requirements for molds, manufacturing processes, vulcanization equipment and testing equipment, and also greatly improves the standardization of the entire set of technologies, so it is easy to achieve product quality improvement and save costs.

[0052] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 In the present invention, at the column position with large axial force in the seismic isolation / vibration layer, a larger integrated support 1 is used, and its unit support 103 still uses the same unit support 103 as other column positions in the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the production and manufacturing process of the unit support 103 remains the same. When the size of the integrated support 1 exceeds the applicable scope of the current testing equipment, its unit support 103 or a part of its integrated support 1 is used to replace the overall integrated support 1 for performance testing. Its beneficial effect is that, compared with the traditional rubber seismic isolation support made by one-piece vulcanization, the integrated support 1 is integrated by unit supports 103 with relatively small scales, so it is completely no longer restricted by the previous vulcanization manufacturing equipment and process, and can arbitrarily assemble and integrate large-sized support, meeting the urgent need for support products at the column position with large axial force in the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the integrated support 1 is also easy to disassemble into unit supports 103 or a part of its integrated support 1 to complete performance testing, and is no longer restricted by the previous test and detection equipment in testing, and has a prospect for technical promotion.

[0053] See also Figure 9-13 The damping device 5 and the wind-resistant device 4 both adopt the latch-type vibration reduction structure described in Example 1, wherein the latch-type vibration reduction structure includes an upper component and a lower component, wherein the upper component is connected to the upper structure, and the lower component is connected to the lower structure; the lower component is provided with a pin hole at a position corresponding to the upper component, and the lower end of the upper component is installed in the pin hole, wherein a buffer layer is provided between the upper component and the inner wall of the pin hole; there is a gap 21 between the bottom of the upper component and the bottom of the pin hole or it is filled with a vibration reduction layer; wherein the vibration reduction layer and the buffer layer are both rubber layers 14. Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the pin-type vibration reduction structure of the present invention absorbs environmental vibrations through the buffer layer and the gap 21 arranged between the upper component and the lower component, thereby blocking the propagation path of environmental vibrations between the lower structure and the upper structure, thereby eliminating environmental vibrations; in addition, the pin-type vibration reduction structure of the present invention can not only eliminate vertical environmental vibrations, but also the buffer layer arranged between the upper component and the lower component can play a role in horizontal seismic isolation / vibration. Through the above-mentioned arrangement; the pin-type vibration reduction structure used in the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the building structure of the present invention absorbs environmental vibrations through the buffer layer and the gap arranged between the upper component and the lower component, thereby blocking the propagation path of environmental vibrations between the lower structure and the upper structure, thereby eliminating environmental vibrations; the pin-type vibration reduction structure used in the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the building structure of the present invention can not only eliminate vertical environmental vibrations, but also the buffer layer arranged between the upper component and the lower component can play a role in horizontal seismic isolation / vibration.

[0054] The following is an introduction to the latch-type vibration reduction structure based on the specific structures of the wind-resistant device 4 and the damping device 5:

[0055] See also Figure 9-10 , the wind-resistant device 4 comprises a shearing piece 11 and an outer sleeve 13, wherein the shearing piece 11 constitutes an upper component of the latch-type vibration-damping structure, and the outer sleeve 13 constitutes a lower component of the latch-type vibration-damping structure; the outer sleeve 13 is a hollow structure, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the lower structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the upper end is provided with an opening; the upper end of the shearing piece 11 is fixedly connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the middle section of the shearing piece 11 is provided with a shearing surface 12; the lower end of the shearing piece 11 extends into the opening at the upper end of the outer sleeve 13, and the shearing surface 12 is located above the opening at the upper end of the outer sleeve 13; the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 13 constitutes the pin hole; a rubber layer 14 is provided between the side wall of the shearing piece 11 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 13, and a rubber layer 14 is also filled between the lower part of the shearing piece 11 and the bottom of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 13, or a gap 21 is left;

[0056] Through the above arrangement, since a rubber layer 14 or a gap 21 is used between the shearing piece 11 and the outer sleeve 13 to avoid rigid contact, when the environment vibrates, most of the vibration waves, which are mainly vertical vibrations, cannot propagate to the upper structure through this point, thereby maintaining the vibration isolation function of the seismic isolation / vibration layer against environmental vibrations; when wind load acts, the critical shear force of the shearing piece 11 is greater than the wind load design value, and due to the limiting effect of the outer sleeve 13 on the shearing piece 11, the wind-resistant function of the seismic isolation / vibration layer is realized; when an earthquake comes, the shearing piece 11 automatically shears when the design strength is reached, and the seismic isolation / vibration layer generates seismic isolation movement, thereby realizing the seismic isolation function of the seismic isolation / vibration layer against earthquakes. Thus, the contradiction between the traditional seismic isolation / vibration layer wind-resistant device 4 and environmental vibration isolation is resolved.

[0057] See also Figure 11-13 , the damping device 5 is a displacement damper or a velocity damper;

[0058] When a displacement damper is used, the displacement damper is made of soft steel 20, lead rod 22 or lead core rubber 23, the upper end of which is fixedly connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the lower end of which extends into the inner cavity of an outer sleeve 19 matched therewith, and the outer sleeve 19 is installed on the lower structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer; a rubber layer 14 is arranged between the side wall of the lower end of the displacement damper and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 19, and a rubber layer 14 is also filled between the bottom of the displacement damper and the bottom of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 19, or a gap 21 is left;

[0059] When a velocity damper 15 is used, the velocity damper adopts a viscous liquid damper or an eddy current damper, one end of which is connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer through a hinge joint 16, and the other end is connected to the upper end of a support rod 18 through a hinge joint 17, and the lower end of the support rod 18 extends into the inner cavity of an outer sleeve 19 matched therewith, and the outer sleeve 19 is installed on the lower structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer; a rubber layer 14 is arranged between the side wall of the lower end of the support rod 18 and the inner wall of the outer sleeve 19, and a rubber layer 14 is also filled between the bottom of the support rod 18 and the bottom of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 19, or a gap 21 is left;

[0060] Through the above arrangement, since the rubber layer 14 or the gap 21 is used between the damping device 5 and the outer sleeve 19, the rigid contact of the components is avoided. When the environment vibrates, most of the vibration waves, which are mainly vertical vibrations, cannot propagate to the upper structure through this point, thus maintaining the vibration isolation function of the seismic isolation / vibration layer against the environmental vibration; when an earthquake occurs, the seismic isolation / vibration layer produces seismic isolation movement, and due to the limiting effect of the outer sleeve 19 on the damping device 5, the two ends of the damping device 5 produce relative movement, and the damping device 5 plays the function of energy dissipation and shock absorption. In this way, the contradiction between the traditional seismic isolation / vibration layer damper and the environmental vibration isolation can be solved.

[0061] See also Figure 1-Figure 13 In the column position with smaller axial force in the seismic isolation / vibration layer of the present invention, when the number of parallel unit supports 103 of the integrated support 1 is small, the following settings can be made: except for the upper connecting plate 101 connected to the upper structure and the lower connecting plate 102 connected to the lower structure in the shock-absorbing / vibration devices located in the two column positions, the upper connecting plates 101 and the lower connecting plates in the remaining integrated supports 1 are connected to each other correspondingly; that is, they share the upper connecting plate 101 and the lower connecting plate 102 with the integrated supports 1 at the adjacent column positions. If necessary, a small number of other types of unit supports 103 are added to the seismic isolation / vibration layer for auxiliary design of supports at positions where the axial force is too small.

[0062] Its beneficial effect is that the bearings at the column positions with smaller axial forces in the seismic isolation / vibration layer adopt a design surface pressure, total rubber thickness and vertical deformation design that is basically consistent with other column positions, resulting in a slender and tall bearing body, and the ratio of the equivalent diameter or side length of the bearing to the total rubber thickness does not meet the stability requirements. By connecting the upper connecting plate 101 and the lower connecting plate 102 connected to the lower structure in the shock-absorbing / vibration devices located in the two column positions, the upper connecting plates 101 and the lower connecting plates in the remaining integrated bearings 1 are connected to each other accordingly; therefore, it is equivalent to combining the integrated bearings 1 in two adjacent shock-absorbing / vibration devices together as a whole, thereby greatly improving the overall stability of the bearing and meeting the stability design requirements.

[0063] See also Figure 1-Figure 13In the shock absorbing / vibration device, except for the upper connecting plate 101 connected to the upper structure and the lower connecting plate 102 connected to the lower structure, the adjacent upper connecting plate 101 and lower connecting plate 102 located in the middle part are an integrated structure; this can save costs.

[0064] Finally, the cross-section of the unit support 103 includes but is not limited to polygonal and circular shapes; and the connection between the unit support 103 and the upper connecting plate 102 and the lower connecting plate 103 may also be a snap connection or an embedded connection structure in addition to bolt connection, wherein the embedded connection structure is to open a plurality of grooves on the connecting plate 9 (upper connecting plate 101 and lower connecting plate 102), and then embed the unit support 103 into the grooves.

[0065] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seismic isolation / vibration layer for building structures, It is characterized in that It comprises a shock absorbing / vibration device arranged in an upper structure and a lower structure, wherein the shock absorbing / vibration device comprises a plurality of groups of integrated supports arranged in series; each group of integrated supports comprises a connecting plate and a unit support, wherein the connecting plate comprises an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate; the unit supports are in a plurality of groups, and the plurality of unit supports are arranged between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate; wherein the upper connecting plate is connected to the upper structure or the lower connecting plate of the integrated support located above it; the lower connecting plate is connected to the lower structure or the upper connecting plate of the integrated support located below it; the unit support comprises an upper sealing plate, a lower sealing plate and an elastic pad arranged between the upper sealing plate and the lower sealing plate, wherein steel shear members are arranged between the upper sealing plate and the upper connecting plate, and between the lower sealing plate and the lower connecting plate; The elastic pad is made of natural rubber or a high-damping rubber layer, or a rubber layer is used to cover a vertical steel spring, wherein the vertical steel spring is made by vulcanization with the rubber layer, or a hole is made in the rubber layer after the rubber layer is made and the vertical steel spring is installed; the elastic pad is either made of a rubber layer alone, or a vertical steel spring alone; the unit support is adjusted by adjusting the ratio of the rubber layer to the vertical steel spring to adjust the stiffness and stability of the unit support; The structure and size of the unit supports in the integrated supports in the seismic isolation / vibration layer are the same.

2. The seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that It also includes a wind-resistant device, which includes a shear piece and an outer sleeve, wherein the outer sleeve is a hollow structure, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the lower structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the upper end is provided with an opening; the upper end of the shear piece is fixedly connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and the middle section of the shear piece is provided with a shear surface; the lower end of the shear piece extends into the opening at the upper end of the outer sleeve, and the shear surface is located above the opening at the upper end of the outer sleeve; a rubber layer is provided between the side wall of the shear piece and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and a rubber layer is also filled between the lower part of the shear piece and the bottom of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, or a gap is left.

3. The seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that A damping device is also included, wherein the damping device is a displacement damper or a velocity damper.

4. The seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The displacement type damper is made of soft steel, lead or lead core rubber, with its upper end fixedly connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer, and its lower end extending into the inner cavity of an outer sleeve matching it, and the outer sleeve is installed on the lower structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer; a rubber layer is arranged between the side wall of the lower end of the displacement type damper and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and a rubber layer is also filled between the bottom of the displacement type damper and the bottom of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, or a gap is left.

5. The seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The velocity damper adopts a viscous liquid damper or an eddy current damper, one end of which is connected to the upper structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer through a hinge joint, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the support rod through a hinge joint. The lower end of the support rod extends into the inner cavity of an outer sleeve matched therewith, and the outer sleeve is installed on the lower structure of the seismic isolation / vibration layer; a rubber layer is arranged between the side wall of the lower end of the support rod and the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and a rubber layer is also filled between the bottom of the support rod and the bottom of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, or a gap is left.

6. The seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cross section of the unit support is polygonal or circular.

7. The seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the shock-absorbing / vibration-absorbing devices located in two adjacent columns, except for the upper connecting plate connected to the upper structure and the lower connecting plate connected to the lower structure, the upper connecting plates and the lower connecting plates in the remaining integrated supports are respectively connected to each other to form an integrated structure.

8. The seismic isolation / vibration layer for a building structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the shock-absorbing / vibration-absorbing device, except for the upper connecting plate connected to the upper structure and the lower connecting plate connected to the lower structure, the adjacent upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate located in the middle part are an integrated structure.

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