Ship berthing device

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship berthing device. Comprising a supporting base installed on a wharf, a guide rail is installed on the front face of the supporting base, at least one stabilizing mechanism is installed on the guide rail, and adsorption mechanisms are installed at the two ends of the stabilizing mechanism respectively. The adsorption mechanism comprises a fixing plate and a connecting plate, a buffer table and a main adsorption plate are sequentially arranged on the connecting plate, hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically hinged to the two ends of the fixing plate respectively, a reset plate is hinged to the hydraulic cylinders, and a buffer table and an auxiliary adsorption plate are arranged on the reset plate. The stabilizing mechanism comprises a balance plate rotationally connected to the stabilizing frame, a hydraulic damper and a reset spring, the open end of a groove connecting rod is rotationally connected with the balance plate in the stabilizing frame, the closed end of the groove connecting rod is connected with the stabilizing frame, a groove is formed in the bottom of the stabilizing frame, and a gear is arranged above the groove. The ship berthing device provided by the invention can achieve the effects of high reliability and stability, uniform adsorption force distribution and high self-adaptive adjustability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to marine engineering, in particular to a ship berthing device. Background Art

[0002] When a ship is berthing, it needs to be fixed to the dock or port facilities to avoid drifting due to tides, wind or other external forces. Usually, cables are used to fix the ship. However, in the current berthing process, if there are severe weather conditions such as tides, strong winds, and surges, the berthing stability of the ship will be significantly affected. In complex environments, the ship is disturbed by external forces and is prone to irregular lateral shaking, drifting or position drift, increasing the possibility of collision with the dock or other ships.

[0003] In order to improve the safety and accuracy of the ship's berthing process, some new magnetic berthing devices have emerged. For example, CN118360906B discloses a ship auxiliary berthing device under severe sea conditions. When the ship approaches the port, the detection rod can be squeezed to slide on the installation frame, and the adsorption plate moves on the first guide rail of the installation frame, and multiple adsorption plates are separated from each other, thereby increasing the stability of the adsorption plate adsorbing the ship. When the ship approaches the port, the adsorption plate will be squeezed. At this time, multiple adsorption plates will swing on the installation frame at the same time, and then multiple adsorption plates will deflect to a state parallel to the outer wall of the ship. As the ship approaches the shore further, multiple adsorption plates will contact the outer wall of the ship. At this time, the electromagnetic block on the adsorption plate begins to be energized, and the ship will be stabilized under the action of magnetic force, thereby improving the stability of the ship's berthing.

[0004] In the actual berthing process, if only relying on the swing of the front end adsorption plate, the effect of improving stability under complex sea conditions is not very significant. At the same time, the adsorption area of ​​the adsorption plate does not increase after it moves and unfolds along the guide rail. In case of severe conditions, when the ship approaches the dock at a certain angle, one end of the stern or bow will be closer to the dock, while the other end will deviate from the dock. However, the existing technology cannot adapt well to the angular deviation formed by the ship in the horizontal direction, does not have dynamic adjustment capabilities, and problems such as insufficient adaptability to dynamic environments and uneven distribution of adsorption force still exist, thereby affecting the reliability and stability of berthing. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a ship berthing device with high reliability and stability, uniform adsorption force distribution and strong adaptive adjustability.

[0006] Technical solution: The ship berthing device described in the present invention includes a support base installed on the dock, a guide rail is installed on the front of the support base, at least one stabilizing mechanism is installed on the guide rail, and adsorption mechanisms are respectively installed at both ends of the stabilizing mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism comprises a fixed plate and a connecting plate connected by a first hydraulic cylinder, a buffer platform and a main adsorption plate are sequentially arranged on the connecting plate, a plurality of electromagnetic blocks are arranged on the main adsorption plate, and a plurality of fixing rods are arranged between the main adsorption plate and the connecting plate.

[0008] Preferably, the adsorption mechanism includes a second hydraulic cylinder, which forms a stable triangle with the first hydraulic cylinder through a connecting rod. The other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to a reset plate, on which a buffer platform and an auxiliary adsorption plate are sequentially provided. The auxiliary adsorption plate is provided with a number of electromagnetic blocks, and between the auxiliary adsorption plate and the reset plate, a number of fixing rods are provided.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing rod is composed of a cylinder and a frustum above it.

[0010] Preferably, the truncated table is arranged inside the buffer table, the cylinder is arranged below the buffer table, the outer surface of the cylinder is wrapped with a spring, and there is a gap between the buffer table and the truncated table that enables the buffer table to tilt in all directions.

[0011] Preferably, a groove is provided on a side of the reset plate close to the main adsorption plate.

[0012] Preferably, the stabilizing mechanism includes a balancing plate rotatably connected to a stabilizing frame, a hydraulic damper and a groove connecting rod are installed in the stabilizing frame, the hydraulic damper, the return spring, and the open end of the groove connecting rod are respectively rotatably connected to the balancing plate inside the stabilizing frame, the closed end of the groove connecting rod is connected to the stabilizing frame, a groove is provided at the bottom of the stabilizing frame, and a gear is provided above the groove.

[0013] Preferably, the guide rail comprises a guide rail plate and a buffer connecting plate which are connected to each other, a rack is provided on the guide rail plate, and the buffer connecting plate is connected to the support seat by bolts.

[0014] Preferably, there are gaps between the buffer connecting plate and the support seat, and between the buffer connecting plate and the bolts.

[0015] Preferably, an anti-collision block is provided on the support seat.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0017] (1) The device can realize automatic adjustment through the adsorption mechanism according to the relative angle and position between the ship and the dock, which can effectively solve the problem of unstable adsorption of existing berthing devices under harsh conditions and enhance the overall adsorption effect.

[0018] (2) The extendable adsorption mechanism in the device, through the cooperation of the main adsorption plate and the auxiliary adsorption plate, can cope with the problem of uneven adsorption force distribution caused by angle deviation during berthing at the stern or bow, making the adsorption force distribution more uniform.

[0019] (3) The device adopts a structure in which a truncated cone-shaped fixed rod and a spring cooperate, which not only enables the adsorption plate to swing flexibly and improves the fit between the adsorption plate and the ship, but also effectively cushions the impact force when the ship contacts the dock during berthing, thereby preventing damage to the hull or dock facilities due to excessive impact force.

[0020] (4) The design of the stabilizing mechanism in the device enables it to have an adaptive balance reset effect. It can also quickly respond to the movement of the ship when the ship is tilted for berthing. It does not require the ship to be completely parallel to the dock, which effectively reduces the danger of tilted berthing, maintains the balance and stability of the adsorption system, reduces the adjustment time of the ship itself, increases the berthing speed of the ship, and has an auxiliary berthing effect.

[0021] (5) In the adsorption mechanism of the device, the reset plate is hinged to the second hydraulic cylinder. After the ship leaves the berth, the second hydraulic cylinder contracts and reaches a certain position, and the first hydraulic cylinder moves forward to achieve the subsequent reset effect. The reset plates on both sides move toward the middle until they contact each other, so that the auxiliary adsorption plate returns to its initial position so that it can be used again when the ship berths next time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the berthing device of the present invention when a ship is berthing;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the main adsorption plate and the buffer table;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the adsorption mechanism;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the stabilizing mechanism and the adsorption mechanism;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the guide rail;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the reset board;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a groove connecting rod;

[0030] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the balance board;

[0031] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of a stabilizing frame;

[0032] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the fixed plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the ship berthing device of the present invention comprises a support base 1 installed on the dock, a guide rail 2 is installed on the front of the support base 1, two stabilizing mechanisms 3 are connected to the guide rail 2, and adsorption mechanisms 4 are installed at both ends of the stabilizing mechanisms 3 respectively.

[0035] like Figure 3-4 , Fig.11 As shown, the adsorption mechanism 4 includes a fixed plate 41 and a connecting plate 42 connected by a first hydraulic cylinder 43, a buffer table 44 and a main adsorption plate 45 are sequentially provided on the connecting plate 42, a plurality of electromagnetic blocks are provided on the main adsorption plate 45, and a plurality of fixing rods 46 are provided between the main adsorption plate 45 and the connecting plate 42. The two ends of the fixed plate 41 are symmetrically hinged to the second hydraulic cylinder 47, the middle part of the second hydraulic cylinder 47 is hinged to the middle part of the first hydraulic cylinder 43 through a connecting rod 48, and the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder 47 is hinged to the reset plate 49, the reset plate 49 is sequentially provided with a buffer table 44 and an auxiliary adsorption plate 410, the auxiliary adsorption plate 410 is provided with a plurality of electromagnetic blocks, and a plurality of fixing rods 46 are provided between the auxiliary adsorption plate 410 and the reset plate 49.

[0036] Each hydraulic cylinder is connected to the same oil supply tank, and an oil pump is provided in the oil supply tank to supply hydraulic oil to each hydraulic cylinder.

[0037] The upper end of the fixed rod 46 is a cone, and the lower end is a cylinder. The cone is inside the buffer platform 44, and the cylinder is arranged below the buffer platform 44. There is a certain gap between the buffer platform 44 and the cone of the fixed rod 46 so that the buffer platform 44 can be tilted in all directions. Multiple buffer platforms can adjust their own angles to reduce the risk of collision when the ship's side wall is berthed and contacted, thereby achieving the effect of adaptive buffer adjustment.

[0038] The top of the fixed rod is set as a truncated cone, which mainly has the functions of improving the buffering effect, enhancing the adaptive ability and reducing wear. When the fixed rod is subjected to external force, it can better disperse and absorb the impact force. The design of the upper truncated cone enables the fixed rod to slide along the surface of the truncated cone when subjected to force, thereby reducing the direct impact force. At the same time, the fixed rod is used in conjunction with the spring to further improve the buffering effect. Under the guidance of the fixed rod, the spring can distribute the force more evenly and reduce damage to ships and dock facilities. Figure 3 In the present invention, when designing the fixing rod, a certain gap is intentionally left between the buffer platform and the fixing rod, so that the adsorption plate can be tilted in multiple directions to adapt to the different angles and positions of the ship during the berthing process, so that the fixing rod can better adapt to the movement of the ship and improve the stability and safety of berthing.

[0039] like Figure 7As shown, the reset plate 49 is a horizontal T-shape with a short upper end and a long lower end, and a groove is provided in the middle of the side close to the main adsorption plate 45, and the groove can accommodate the grooves for wrapping the outer shell of the first hydraulic cylinder 43, the second hydraulic cylinder 47 and the connecting rod 48, so that during operation, the reset plate 49 will not collide with the connecting plate 42, the hydraulic cylinder, and the connecting rod.

[0040] like Figure 5 and Figure 8-10 As shown, the stabilizing mechanism 3 includes a balancing plate 31 rotatably connected to a stabilizing frame 32, a hydraulic damper and a groove connecting rod are installed in the stabilizing frame, the hydraulic damper 33, a return spring 35, and the open ends of the groove connecting rod 36 are respectively hinged to the balancing plate 31 inside the stabilizing frame, the closed end of the groove connecting rod 36 is connected to the stabilizing frame 32 through a limit rod, the left protruding part of the lower end of the groove connecting rod 36 is connected to the return spring 35, a groove is provided at the bottom of the stabilizing frame 32, and a gear 34 is provided above the groove.

[0041] The stabilizing mechanism 3 further includes a motor 37 installed on the left side of the stabilizing frame 32 to provide power for the gear 34 , thereby enabling the stabilizing mechanism 3 to move up and down on the guide rail 2 .

[0042] The main function of the return spring is to improve the stability of berthing when the ship is tilted and berthed under harsh conditions, so that it has better dynamic adjustment ability, the adsorption plate can better contact the surface of the ship, improve the stability of adsorption, and can automatically reset after the ship leaves the berth, which is convenient for the next use.

[0043] like Figure 6 As shown, the guide rail 2 includes a guide rail plate 21 and a buffer connecting plate 22, a rack 25 is provided on the guide rail plate 21, the buffer connecting plate 22 is connected to the support seat 1 through a bolt 23, and the bolt 23 is wrapped by a spring 24; there is a certain gap between the buffer assembly formed by the guide rail plate 21 and the buffer connecting plate 22 and the support seat 1, and there is also a certain gap between the buffer connecting plate 22 and the bolt 23. After the buffer assembly is squeezed by the ship, it can tilt upward or downward at a certain angle.

[0044] Anti-collision blocks 5 are respectively provided on the four corners of the support seat 1 to improve the safety of berthing.

[0045] Two stabilizing mechanisms 3 are installed on the guide plate 21, and the position of the adsorption plate can be adjusted according to the size of the ship or the draft of the water surface to make the adsorption more stable. Through the meshing action of the gear 34 and the rack 35, the two stabilizing mechanisms 3 can move up and down on the guide plate and improve the accuracy of the transmission.

[0046] The working principle of the device is as follows:

[0047] When the ship needs to berth, according to the size of the ship and the draft of the water surface, the two stabilizing mechanisms move up and down on the guide plate to adjust the position of the adsorption plate. When the ship berths at a certain tilt angle, the hull is not parallel to the dock, and the side wall of the hull contacts the main adsorption plate. The main adsorption plate starts to be energized, and the first hydraulic cylinder moves to drive the connecting rod to expand the adsorption mechanism. The ship continues to berth and squeeze the main adsorption plate until the first hydraulic cylinder stops shrinking and self-locks and fixes, and the adsorption mechanism is fully expanded. At the same time, the second hydraulic cylinder begins to extend and drives the reset plate to move obliquely upward on both sides until the auxiliary adsorption plate contacts the surface of the ship. The second hydraulic cylinder is also self-locked and fixed. The height of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder is roughly the same. At this time, the auxiliary adsorption plate starts to be energized to realize the adsorption effect between the ship and the electromagnetic block.

[0048] At the same time, the balance plate rotates within a certain range. When the ship docks at a certain angle and contacts the main adsorption plate, the stabilizing mechanism also tilts at a certain angle synchronously. When the ship squeezes the main adsorption plate in the adsorption mechanism on one side, the balance plate rotates, and the hydraulic damper installed on the stabilizing mechanism plays a buffering role to prevent the balance plate from violently colliding with the stabilizing frame and damaging the berthing device. At this time, the reset spring on the other side is in a balanced state. When the balance plate tilts to the left, the lower end of the U-shaped groove in the closed end of the groove connecting rod contacts the limit rod connected to the groove connecting rod on the stabilizing frame, and the reset spring is in a stretched state; when the balance plate tilts to the right, the balance plate presses the lower groove at the open end of the groove connecting rod, so that the groove connecting rod moves downward, driving the lower end of the reset spring to lengthen until the upper end of the closed end of the groove connecting rod contacts the limit rod. When the balance plate tilts, it fits with the upper surface of the stabilizing frame to complete the angle limit of the balance plate. The reset spring is always in a stretched state when the balance plate is tilted. The dynamic adjustment function of the balance plate, the hydraulic damper and the reset spring can quickly respond to the movement of the ship and maintain the balance and stability of the adsorption system. When the adsorption mechanism completely adsorbs the side wall of the ship, the hydraulic damper and the return spring return themselves to the correct position, thereby reducing the tilt angle of the ship when berthing.

[0049] After the guide plate and the buffer connecting plate are squeezed by the ship, the gap between the buffer assembly and the support seat allows the buffer assembly to have a certain amount of room for movement, so that it can flexibly respond to external forces from different directions, not just the vertical direction. At the same time, the adaptability of the guide rail is improved. The guide rail is provided with multiple springs, which have better buffering effect than the devices in the prior art, and can effectively avoid the risk of ship detachment, especially under harsh conditions.

[0050] After the ship leaves the berth, the first hydraulic cylinder returns to its initial position, while the second hydraulic cylinder shrinks to its initial length, and the two reset plates contact each other under the connecting plate to achieve a reset effect, so that they can continue to be used the next time they berth. Since the reset plate has a groove on the side near the first hydraulic cylinder, the two reset plates can contact each other when resetting, and will not collide with the connecting plate or the hydraulic cylinder.

Claims

1. A ship berthing device, comprising a support base (1) installed at a dock, a guide rail (2) being installed on the front of the support base (1), characterized in that: At least one stabilizing mechanism (3) is installed on the guide rail (2), and adsorption mechanisms (4) are respectively installed at both ends of the stabilizing mechanism (3).

2. The ship berthing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adsorption mechanism (4) comprises a fixed plate (41) and a connecting plate (42) connected by a first hydraulic cylinder (43); a buffer platform (44) and a main adsorption plate (45) are sequentially arranged on the connecting plate (42); a plurality of electromagnetic blocks are arranged on the main adsorption plate (45); and a plurality of fixing rods (46) are arranged between the main adsorption plate (45) and the connecting plate (42).

3. The ship berthing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adsorption mechanism (4) comprises a second hydraulic cylinder (47), the second hydraulic cylinder (47) forms a stable triangle with the first hydraulic cylinder (43) through a connecting rod (48), the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder (47) is rotatably connected to a reset plate (49), a buffer platform (44) and an auxiliary adsorption plate (410) are sequentially arranged on the reset plate (49), a plurality of electromagnetic blocks are arranged on the auxiliary adsorption plate (410), and a plurality of fixing rods (46) are arranged between the auxiliary adsorption plate (410) and the reset plate (49).

4. The ship berthing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing rod (46) is composed of a cylinder and a frustum above it.

5. The ship berthing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The truncated table is arranged inside the buffer table (44), the cylinder is arranged below the buffer table (44), the outer surface of the cylinder is wrapped with a spring, and there is a gap between the buffer table (44) and the truncated table that enables the buffer table (44) to tilt in various directions.

6. The ship berthing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A groove is formed on one side of the reset plate (49) close to the main adsorption plate (45).

7. The ship berthing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizing mechanism (3) comprises a balancing plate (31) rotatably connected to a stabilizing frame (32); a hydraulic damper (33), a return spring (35), and an open end of a groove connecting rod (36) are rotatably connected to the balancing plate (31) inside the stabilizing frame; a closed end of the groove connecting rod (36) is connected to the stabilizing frame (32); a groove is provided at the bottom of the stabilizing frame (32), and a gear (34) is provided above the groove.

8. The ship berthing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail (2) comprises a guide rail plate (21) and a buffer connecting plate (22); a rack (25) is provided on the guide rail plate (21); and the buffer connecting plate (22) is respectively connected to the support seat (1) and the guide rail plate (21).

9. The ship berthing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: There are gaps between the buffer connecting plate (22) and the supporting seat (1), and between the buffer connecting plate (22) and the bolts (23).

10. The ship berthing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support seat (1) is provided with an anti-collision block (5).

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