A numerical control lathe fixture and clamping method for side nozzle type part machining

Abstract

The application discloses a numerical control lathe clamp for side nozzle type part machining, which comprises a main body part, a positioning part and a clamping part; the main body part comprises a clamp main body, one end of the clamp main body being directly connectable with a lathe main shaft; the positioning part comprises a rear positioning gasket, a lower positioning gasket and a positioning block and the like, is used for adjusting the clamping position of a part, and guarantees that the center shaft of a side nozzle type part to be machined is coaxial with the lathe main shaft; the clamping part utilizes the principle of a lever, adjusts a supporting screw and tightens a pressing nut, so as to drive a pressing plate to press a side nozzle type part to be machined. The application solves the problem of inconvenient clamping of side nozzle type parts in the process of machining of an aerospace valve automatic device, realizes quick clamping of side nozzle type parts, shortens the production cycle of the parts, guarantees the machining precision of the parts, and improves the machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of machining tooling fixtures, and in particular relates to a CNC lathe fixture and clamping method for machining. Background Technology

[0002] In the valve structure of a liquid rocket engine, there are many parts composed of multiple channels or nozzles (hereinafter referred to as side nozzle parts). These parts have irregular shapes, and there are strict dimensional and positional requirements between the channels and nozzles. Due to their irregular shape and strict dimensional tolerances, side nozzle parts cannot be directly clamped on a lathe or milling machine.

[0003] Currently, the common solution is to use modular fixtures to clamp parts during machining, thereby completing the machining of the corresponding parts. When clamping parts, the modular fixture needs to be assembled onto the machine tool spindle, ensuring that the axis of the part to be machined is coaxial with the machine tool spindle. The machine tool spindle must have a corresponding interface to clamp the modular fixture, which significantly limits its usability. Furthermore, modular fixtures are large, often with diameters of 240–360 mm or even larger, and consist of multiple clamping blocks, making them heavy. When machining side-mouth-type parts, repeated disassembly and assembly with the machine tool are required, making the process complex and labor-intensive for operators. Additionally, the clamping strength is low, stability is poor, and the machine tool speed should not be too high during machining, affecting machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention provides a CNC lathe fixture and clamping method for machining side-mouth parts, solving the problem of inconvenient clamping of side-mouth parts in aerospace valve automata during machining. Compared with traditional combination fixtures, this invention enables rapid clamping of side-mouth parts, shortens the part production cycle, ensures the machining accuracy of the parts, and improves machining efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts, comprising a fixture body, a positioning part, and a clamping part;

[0006] The fixture body includes a cylindrical section and a step section; one end of the cylindrical section is connected to the machine tool spindle, and the other end is connected to the step section, and a slot is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical section; the two sides of the step surface of the step section are flat, and the flat surfaces are provided with mounting holes for adjusting fasteners.

[0007] The positioning part includes a positioning block, a positioning fastener, and an adjusting fastener; one end of the positioning block is connected to a side-mouth type part placed on the stepped surface of the fixture body through the positioning fastener, and the other end is installed in the mounting hole of the adjusting fastener through the adjusting fastener. The positioning block adjusts its position relative to the fixture body through the adjusting fastener to ensure that the central axis of the side-mouth type part to be processed is coaxial with the machine tool spindle.

[0008] The clamping part includes a support screw, a pressure plate fastener, and a pressure plate; the pressure plate is installed on the fixture body by the pressure plate fastener, one end of the pressure plate is supported in the slot of the cylindrical section of the fixture body by the support screw, and the other end of the pressure plate presses against the side nozzle-type parts.

[0009] Furthermore, the positioning part also includes a rear positioning shim and a lower positioning shim; the rear positioning shim and the lower positioning shim are respectively installed on the side and bottom surfaces of the stepped surface where the side mouth part is located, and the rear positioning shim and the lower positioning shim are used to adjust the clamping position of the side mouth part.

[0010] Furthermore, the thickness of the rear positioning pad and the lower positioning pad is determined according to the size and position requirements of the nozzle to be processed in the side nozzle type parts.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjusting fastener includes a first fastening nut and an adjusting screw, the adjusting screw being mounted on the positioning block and fixed by the first fastening nut.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning fastener includes a positioning screw and a second fastening nut, with the positioning screw mounted on the positioning block and secured by the second fastening nut.

[0013] Furthermore, the positioning part also includes a first limiting nut and a second limiting nut, which are mounted on the adjusting screw and used to adjust the distance between the positioning block and the side of the fixture body stage.

[0014] Furthermore, the pressure plate fastener includes a tensioning screw, a clamping nut, and a washer; the tensioning screw is installed on the pressure plate and fixed by the clamping nut, a washer is installed between the clamping nut and the pressure plate, a radial positioning hole is provided at the connection between the stepped surface of the fixture body and the end face of the cylindrical section, the tensioning screw is installed in the radial positioning hole of the fixture body, and the tensioning screw is connected to the fixture body by threads.

[0015] Furthermore, the clamping part utilizes the lever principle, adjusting the support screw and tightening the clamping nut to drive the pressure plate to press the side nozzle-like parts.

[0016] Furthermore, the pressure plate is L-shaped, and the ends are pressed against the side nozzle-type parts by symmetrically arranged pressure feet. The pressure plate is designed into different shapes according to the shape of the side nozzle-type parts.

[0017] The clamping method of a CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts includes:

[0018] Connect one end of the fixture body to the machine tool spindle;

[0019] Select the appropriate pressure plate according to the size and position requirements of the nozzle to be processed for side-mouth type parts;

[0020] Based on the size and position requirements of the nozzle to be processed for side-mouth type parts, calculate the thickness of the rear positioning shim and the lower positioning shim, and adjust the position of the positioning block to ensure that the central axis of the nozzle to be processed is coaxial with the machine tool spindle;

[0021] By adjusting the support screws and tightening the clamping nut, the pressure plate is driven to press the side nozzle-type parts.

[0022] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are:

[0023] (1) The side-mouth type parts processing fixture of the present invention has a wide range of applications. The fixture of the present invention is small and convenient, with a compact design, and is easy to load and unload. It reduces the problem of frequent disassembly and assembly of heavy and large parts such as chucks and face plates in the past combined fixtures. Compared with the previous combined fixtures, it has higher safety performance and reduces the labor intensity of operators.

[0024] (2) The fixture of the present invention has strong versatility and can be applied to the processing of most side-mouth type parts. The parts have good quality stability and consistency, which improves the reliability of the valve, has high processing efficiency, shortens the production cycle of the parts, and reduces production costs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a triaxial view of the CNC lathe fixture of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of the CNC lathe fixture of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the main body of the fixture;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of pressure plate style one;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of pressure plate style two.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Fixture body, 2. Support screw, 3. Tensioning screw, 4. Compression nut, 5. Washer, 6. Pressure plate, 7. Rear positioning washer, 8. Lower positioning washer, 9. Side nozzle type parts, 10. Positioning block, 11. First fastening nut, 12. Adjusting screw, 13. Positioning screw, 14. Second fastening nut, 15. First limit nut, 16. Second limit nut. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and technical solutions.

[0032] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts includes a main body, a positioning part, and a clamping part; the main body includes a fixture body 1; the positioning part includes a rear positioning washer 7, a lower positioning washer 8, a positioning block 10, a first fastening nut 11, an adjusting screw 12, a positioning screw 13, a second fastening nut 14, a first limit nut 15, and a second limit nut 16; the clamping part includes a support screw 2, a tensioning screw 3, a clamping nut 4, a washer 5, and a pressure plate 6;

[0033] The fixture body 1 includes a cylindrical section and a step section; one end of the cylindrical section is connected to the machine tool spindle, and the other end is connected to the step section, and a slot is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical section; the two sides of the step surface of the step section are flat, and the flat surfaces are provided with mounting holes for adjusting fasteners.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the rear positioning shim 7 and the lower positioning shim 8 are respectively installed on the side and bottom surfaces of the stepped surface where the side-mouth type part 9 is located. The rear positioning shim 7 and the lower positioning shim 8 are used to adjust the clamping position of the part. The thickness of the rear positioning shim 7 and the lower positioning shim 8 is determined according to the specific size and position requirements of the nozzle to be processed in the side-mouth type part 9.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one end of the positioning block 10 is connected to the side-mouth type part 9 placed on the stepped surface of the fixture body 1 via a positioning fastener, and the other end is installed in the mounting hole of the adjusting fastener via an adjusting fastener. The adjusting fastener includes a first fastening nut 11 and an adjusting screw 12. The adjusting screw 12 is installed on the positioning block 10 and fixed by the first fastening nut 11. The positioning fastener includes a positioning screw 13 and a second fastening nut 14. The positioning screw 13 is installed on the positioning block 10 and fixed by the second fastening nut 14. The positioning block 10 adjusts its position relative to the fixture body 1 via the adjusting screw 12, thereby ensuring that the central axis of the nozzle to be processed on the side-mouth type part 9 is coaxial with the machine tool spindle. The first limiting nut 15 and the second limiting nut 16 are installed on the adjusting screw 12 and are used to adjust the distance between the positioning block 10 and the stepped side of the fixture body 1.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the clamping part utilizes the lever principle, and by adjusting the support screw 2 and tightening the clamping nut 4, the pressure plate 6 is driven to clamp the side nozzle-type part 9 to be processed;

[0037] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the pressure plate 6 is mounted on the fixture body 1 via the tensioning screw 3. One end of the pressure plate 6 is supported in the slot of the cylindrical section of the fixture body 1 by the support screw 2, and the other end of the pressure plate 6 presses against the side nozzle-like part 9. The tensioning screw 3 is mounted on the pressure plate 6 and fixed by the clamping nut 4. A washer 5 is installed between the clamping nut 4 and the pressure plate 6. A radial positioning hole is provided at the connection between the stepped surface of the fixture body 1 and the end face of the cylindrical section. The tensioning screw 3 is installed in the radial positioning hole of the fixture body 1. The tensioning screw 3 is connected to the fixture body 1 by its own thread.

[0038] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the pressure plate 6 is L-shaped, and the end is pressed by symmetrically arranged pressure feet to press the side nozzle-type parts 9. The pressure plate 6 can be designed into different shapes according to the shape of the side nozzle-type parts 9 to be processed.

[0039] The side-mouth type parts machining fixture of the present invention has a wide range of applications and is suitable for all CNC lathes with chucks of 8 inches or larger. At the same time, the fixture of the present invention is small and convenient, with a compact design that facilitates loading and unloading, reducing the problem of frequent disassembly and assembly of heavy and large parts such as chucks and faceplates that is common with previous combination fixtures. The specific clamping steps are as follows:

[0040] Step 1: Connect one end of the fixture body 1 to the machine tool spindle.

[0041] Step 2: Select a suitable pressure plate 6 based on the specific dimensions and position requirements of the nozzle to be processed in the side nozzle type part 9.

[0042] Step 3, Positioning: Based on the specific dimensions and positional requirements of the nozzle to be processed in the side nozzle type part 9, calculate the thickness of the rear positioning shim 7 and the lower positioning shim 8, and adjust the position of the positioning block 10 to ensure that the central axis of the nozzle to be processed is coaxial with the machine tool spindle.

[0043] Step 4, clamping: By adjusting the support screw 2 and tightening the clamping nut 4, the pressure plate 6 is driven to clamp the side nozzle part 9 to be processed.

[0044] This invention is not limited to this embodiment. Any equivalent concept or modification within the technical scope disclosed in this invention shall be included within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts, characterized in that, Includes the fixture body (1), the positioning part, and the clamping part; The fixture body (1) includes a cylindrical section and a step section; one end of the cylindrical section is connected to the machine tool spindle, and the other end is connected to the step section, and a slot is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical section; the two sides of the step surface of the step section are flat, and the flat surfaces are provided with mounting holes for adjusting fasteners. The positioning part includes a positioning block (10), a positioning fastener, and an adjusting fastener; one end of the positioning block (10) is connected to the side nozzle part (9) placed on the stepped surface of the fixture body (1) through the positioning fastener, and the other end is installed in the mounting hole of the adjusting fastener through the adjusting fastener. The positioning block (10) adjusts its position relative to the fixture body (1) through the adjusting fastener to ensure that the central axis of the nozzle to be processed of the side nozzle part (9) is coaxial with the machine tool spindle; The clamping part includes a support screw (2), a pressure plate fastener and a pressure plate (6); the pressure plate (6) is installed on the fixture body (1) by the pressure plate fastener, one end of the pressure plate (6) is supported in the slot of the cylindrical section of the fixture body (1) by the support screw (2), and the other end of the pressure plate (6) presses against the side nozzle part (9). The positioning part also includes a rear positioning shim (7) and a lower positioning shim (8); the rear positioning shim (7) and the lower positioning shim (8) are respectively installed on the side and bottom surfaces of the step surface where the side mouth part (9) is located, and the rear positioning shim (7) and the lower positioning shim (8) are used to adjust the clamping position of the side mouth part (9).

2. A CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the rear positioning pad (7) and the lower positioning pad (8) is determined according to the size and position requirements of the nozzle to be processed in the side nozzle type part (9).

3. A CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting fastener includes a first fastening nut (11) and an adjusting screw (12). The adjusting screw (12) is mounted on the positioning block (10) and fixed by the first fastening nut (11).

4. A CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning fastener includes a positioning screw (13) and a second fastening nut (14). The positioning screw (13) is installed on the positioning block (10) and fixed by the second fastening nut (14).

5. A CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning part also includes a first limiting nut (15) and a second limiting nut (16). The first limiting nut (15) and the second limiting nut (16) are installed on the adjusting screw (12) to adjust the distance between the positioning block (10) and the side of the fixture body (1) stage.

6. A CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate fastener includes a tension screw (3), a clamping nut (4), and a washer (5); the tension screw (3) is installed on the pressure plate (6) and fixed by the clamping nut (4), and the washer (5) is installed between the clamping nut (4) and the pressure plate (6). A radial positioning hole is provided at the connection between the stepped surface of the fixture body (1) and the end face of the cylindrical section. The tension screw (3) is installed in the radial positioning hole of the fixture body (1), and the tension screw (3) is connected to the fixture body (1) by a thread.

7. A CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clamping part utilizes the lever principle, and by adjusting the support screw (2) and tightening the clamping nut (4), the pressure plate (6) is driven to press the side nozzle part (9).

8. A CNC lathe fixture for machining side-mouth type parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure plate (6) is L-shaped, and the end is pressed by symmetrically arranged pressure feet to press the side nozzle part (9). The pressure plate (6) is designed into different shapes according to the shape of the side nozzle part (9).

9. A clamping method for a CNC lathe fixture used for machining side-mouth type parts as described in claim 6, characterized in that, include: Connect one end of the fixture body (1) to the machine tool spindle; Select the appropriate pressure plate (6) according to the size and position requirements of the nozzle to be processed for the side nozzle type parts (9). Based on the size and position requirements of the nozzle to be processed in the side nozzle type parts (9), calculate the thickness of the rear positioning shim (7) and the lower positioning shim (8), and adjust the position of the positioning block (10) to ensure that the central axis of the nozzle to be processed is coaxial with the machine tool spindle; By adjusting the support screw (2) and tightening the clamping nut (4), the pressure plate (6) is driven to press the side nozzle part (9).

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