Battery modules, battery packs and electronic devices

Abstract

The present application provides a battery module, a battery pack and an electronic device. The battery module includes a module shell, a safety cabin, electrical components and an explosion-proof structure. The safety cabin, the explosion-proof structure and at least part of the electrical components are all located outside the module shell and on the same side of the module shell. The explosion-proof structure includes a connecting end and a pressure relief end that are relatively arranged. The connecting end is connected to the module shell, and the pressure relief end is located in the safety cabin. The present application locates the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure in the safety cabin. The safety cabin is a sealed cavity. The pressure relief end is arranged in the sealed safety cabin so that the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the pressure relief end flows into the safety cabin, preventing the high-temperature flammable fluid from flowing to other positions of the module shell and burning the electrical components. The pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure is separated from the electrical components by the safety cabin to avoid secondary safety accidents.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery module, a battery pack and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in communication base stations, data centers, commercial energy storage, electric vehicles and other products due to their advantages such as high energy density, long service life, no memory effect and low self-discharge rate. However, fire and explosion accidents of lithium-ion batteries are often reported, and the safety issues of lithium-ion batteries seriously threaten the safety of life and property of users. When a battery fails, it will induce a large amount of flammable gas to be generated inside the battery, which will significantly increase the internal pressure of the battery. In order to prevent the explosion of the battery, the current lithium-ion battery will be designed with an explosion-proof valve on the top cover. When the pressure inside the battery exceeds the preset opening pressure of the explosion-proof valve, the explosion-proof valve will open and release the flammable fluid inside the battery. The spraying of flammable fluid will cause systemic safety risks. First, a large amount of flammable gas and organic liquid will instantly erupt from the inside of the battery, and the electrode terminal will ignite the flammable gas and liquid, which will lead to safety accidents such as lithium-ion battery fire or even explosion. Furthermore, the organic electrolyte erupting from the inside of the battery may cause a short circuit in the electrical circuit and lead to a more serious secondary safety accident. The propagation path of the erupting gas and flame is uncontrollable, which in turn leads to uncontrollable propagation path of the battery thermal runaway. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a battery module that can prevent flammable fluid released from an explosion-proof structure from causing secondary safety accidents.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery module, comprising a module shell, a safety cabin, electrical components and an explosion-proof structure, wherein the safety cabin, the explosion-proof structure and at least part of the electrical components are all located outside the module shell and on the same side of the module shell, and the explosion-proof structure comprises a connecting end and a pressure relief end arranged opposite to each other, the connecting end being connected to the module shell, and the pressure relief end being located inside the safety cabin.

[0005] The battery module also includes battery cells and electrolytes, which are located in the module shell. Failure of the battery module will induce the battery cells and electrolytes to produce a large amount of flammable gas, causing the internal pressure of the module shell to increase. The explosion-proof structure is used to release the high-temperature flammable fluid inside the module shell at the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure when the internal pressure of the module shell exceeds the preset opening pressure, so as to avoid the explosion caused by excessive pressure inside the module shell. The pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure refers to the end where the high-temperature flammable fluid flows out of the explosion-proof structure. The high-temperature flammable fluid includes at least one of high-temperature gas or electrolyte. The safety cabin refers to a cabin body that is closed except for the pressure relief end. When the high-temperature flammable fluid is not dangerous in the safety cabin, the safety cabin can be opened to remove the non-dangerous low-temperature fluid.

[0006] In one embodiment, the electrical component includes at least one of an electrode terminal, an electrical connection line, a power line, a sampling line or a sampling terminal. The electrode terminal is electrically connected to the battery cell and is used to draw out the current generated by the battery cell. When some electrical components and the explosion-proof structure are located on the same side of the module housing, the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the explosion-proof structure will burn the electrical components on the same side, thereby causing a secondary safety accident. In some cases, the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the explosion-proof structure will also burn the power line, sampling line or sampling terminal in the module housing, which poses a greater risk.

[0007] The battery cell includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator, the separator is arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to insulate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the positive electrode sheet is coated with a positive electrode material, the negative electrode sheet is coated with a negative electrode material, the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet are wound around the axial direction to form a battery cell body, and a gap is provided inside the battery cell body, and the gap extends in the axial direction. A positive electrode ear and a negative electrode ear are provided at the end of the battery cell body in the axial direction, the positive electrode ear is connected to the positive electrode sheet, and the negative electrode ear is connected to the negative electrode sheet. The electrode terminal includes a positive terminal and a negative terminal, and the positive terminal and the negative terminal are distributed at both ends of the explosion-proof structure along a first direction. In one embodiment, the first direction is the width direction of the battery module, the positive electrode sheet is electrically connected to the positive terminal through the positive electrode ear, and the negative electrode sheet is electrically connected to the negative terminal through the negative electrode ear. When a battery module fails, it will induce the battery cells and electrolyte to produce a large amount of flammable gas, and a large amount of flammable gas is discharged from the axial direction of the battery cell body. In one embodiment, the axial direction of the battery cell body is parallel to the second direction of the battery module, and the second direction is the height direction of the battery module. In order to allow the high-temperature flammable fluid to be discharged smoothly from the module shell, the explosion-proof structure is generally set on the axial end face of the battery cell body, and the positive pole ear, the negative pole ear and the electrode terminal are also located on the axial end face of the battery cell body. Generally, the explosion-proof structure and the electrode terminal are set on the same end face of the battery cell body. This arrangement allows the high-temperature flammable fluid inside the module shell to be quickly discharged axially through the gap in the middle of the battery cell body, reducing the risk of explosion.

[0008] When the explosion-proof structure and the electrode terminal are arranged on different sides, for example, the electrode terminal is arranged on the cover plate of the module shell, and the explosion-proof structure is arranged on the side plate of the module shell, and the side plate is perpendicular to the cover plate, and the inner side of the side plate includes the side surface of the battery cell body, when a failure occurs inside the battery module and high-temperature flammable fluid is generated, the high-temperature flammable fluid comes out from the end face of the battery cell body and then turns to the side surface of the battery cell body, and then is discharged through the explosion-proof structure on the side plate. This method will make the discharge path of the high-temperature flammable fluid not smooth, increasing the risk of explosion inside the battery module.

[0009] If the electrode terminals are set on the side panels of the module shell and the explosion-proof structure is set on the cover panel of the module shell, the positive and negative pole ears on the end faces of the battery cell body need to be connected to the positive and negative terminals on the side panels through leads. However, adding leads inside the module shell will also increase the risk of internal explosion. When high-temperature flammable fluid flows inside the module shell and hits the leads, the risk of explosion will increase.

[0010] In the present application, the electrode terminal is arranged on the same side as the explosion-proof structure to reduce the risk of explosion. When the electrode terminal and the explosion-proof structure are arranged on the same side, the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the explosion-proof structure will flow to the electrode terminal. When the electrode terminal ignites, the high-temperature flammable gas and liquid will be ignited, which will lead to safety accidents such as fire or even explosion of the battery module. In the present application, on the one hand, the electrode terminal is arranged on the same side as the explosion-proof structure to reduce the risk of explosion. On the other hand, in order to avoid secondary safety accidents between the high-temperature flammable fluid and the electrical components (such as the electrode terminal), the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure is located in the safety cabin. The safety cabin is a sealed cavity. The pressure relief end is arranged in the sealed safety cabin, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the pressure relief end flows into the safety cabin, and the high-temperature flammable fluid is prevented from flowing to other positions of the module shell and burning the electrical components. The pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure is separated from the electrical components by the safety cabin to avoid secondary safety accidents.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the module housing is provided with a first through hole penetrating the module housing, the connection end of the explosion-proof structure is arranged around the first through hole, and the internal space of the explosion-proof structure is connected to the first through hole. The connection end is arranged around the first through hole means that the connection end is located outside the circumference of the first through hole. The internal space of the explosion-proof structure is connected to the first through hole, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the module housing enters the explosion-proof structure through the first through hole, effectively preventing the high-temperature flammable fluid from overflowing from the circumference of the first through hole, and preventing the high-temperature flammable fluid overflowing from the circumference of the first through hole from contacting the electrical components.

[0012] In some embodiments, the connection end may be fixed to the module housing by welding.

[0013] In some embodiments, the connection end may be fixed to the module housing by using a high temperature resistant sealant to seal a gap between the connection end and the module housing.

[0014] If no explosion-proof structure is provided, but the safety cabin is directly provided on the cover plate of the module shell, a second through hole is provided on the bottom plate of the module shell adjacent to the safety cabin, and the axes of the first through hole and the second through hole are arranged to coincide with each other, so that the interior of the module shell is connected with the safety cabin through the first through hole and the second through hole. However, since the electrode terminal has a certain height, there is a gap between the bottom plate and the module shell, and it is difficult to achieve complete fit between the bottom plate and the module shell. When a high-temperature flammable fluid is sprayed out from the inside of the module shell, the high-temperature flammable fluid will flow out from the gap between the bottom plate and the module shell, and then will contact with the electrical components on the module shell, damaging the electrical components. The high-temperature flammable fluid will also damage the electronic components around the module shell, such as the power line. In addition, since there is no blocking structure around the first through hole, the high-temperature flammable fluid will also flow back into the first through hole and enter the interior of the battery module shell, causing a secondary safety accident.

[0015] If the electrode terminal is set on the side plate of the module shell, it is difficult to achieve complete fit between the cabin bottom plate and the module shell. There is still a gap at the adjacent position of the first through hole and the second through hole. When the high-temperature flammable fluid rushes out from the first through hole, on the one hand, part of the high-temperature flammable fluid will flow out from the gap, and then contact with the electrical components on the module shell, damaging the electrical components; on the other hand, the high-temperature flammable fluid will flow back into the first through hole and enter the interior of the battery module shell, causing a secondary safety accident; on the other hand, in one embodiment, it is necessary to set a lead between the battery body and the electrode terminal, which will increase the risk of internal explosion. In one embodiment, by setting the connection end of the explosion-proof structure around the first through hole, the high-temperature flammable fluid can be effectively prevented from overflowing from the circumference of the first through hole.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the module housing includes a cover plate, the electrical components and the explosion-proof structure are arranged on the cover plate, and the explosion-proof structure and the cover plate are an integrated structure. The explosion-proof structure and the cover plate are an integrated structure, and the gap between the connection end of the explosion-proof structure and the module housing is removed, so as to prevent the high-temperature flammable fluid from overflowing from the circumference of the first through hole.

[0017] In one embodiment, the battery module includes a plurality of independent battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are arranged along a third direction, which is the length direction of the battery module. Each of the battery cells includes a cell sub-shell and a battery core and electrolyte located inside the cell sub-shell. The module shell includes a plurality of cell sub-shells, and each of the cell sub-shells includes a cell sub-cover plate. The plurality of cell sub-cover plates of the plurality of cell sub-shells constitute the cover plate of the module shell. Each of the cell sub-cover plates has the explosion-proof structure, and each of the cell sub-cover plates is an integrated structure with the explosion-proof structure on the cell sub-shell. In some embodiments, the third direction is the width direction of the battery module, and the first direction is the length direction of the battery module.

[0018] In some embodiments, the module housing includes a cover plate, a box frame and a bottom plate. The box frame has openings at both ends, which are respectively covered by the cover plate and the bottom plate. There are multiple partitions in the middle of the box frame. The multiple partitions divide the box frame into multiple receiving spaces. In each of the receiving spaces, a battery cell and an electrolyte are arranged. Two adjacent partitions, a portion of the box frame between the two adjacent partitions, and the battery cells and electrolyte in the receiving space constitute a battery cell. The cover plate is placed on the opening of the box frame. In one embodiment, the monomer sub-cover plates of multiple battery cells are an integrated structure, that is, a cover plate, and an explosion-proof structure is arranged at the position of the cover plate corresponding to each receiving space.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the safety cabin includes a bottom plate adjacent to the module shell, a fire protection functional layer provided on a surface of the bottom plate away from the module shell, and a second through hole penetrating the bottom plate and the fire protection functional layer, wherein part of the explosion-proof structure is located in the second through hole. The fire protection functional layer is used to perform fire protection treatment on high-temperature flammable gas, including at least one of cooling the high-temperature flammable gas, extinguishing fire, and absorbing toxic gas.

[0020] In one embodiment, part of the explosion-proof structure is located in the second through hole, including the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure extending from the second through hole and extending into the internal space of the safety cabin. That is to say, the pressure relief end is completely located in the internal space of the safety cabin, and the pressure relief end is higher than the second through hole. Due to the obstruction of the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure, the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the pressure relief end will not flow back to the second through hole after falling into the fire protection functional layer, and will be effectively blocked in the safety cabin by the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure.

[0021] In some embodiments, part of the explosion-proof structure is located in the second through hole, including the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure is located in the second through hole and does not extend into the inner space of the safety cabin. That is to say, the pressure relief end is surrounded by the fire-fighting functional layer material. When the high-temperature flammable fluid is discharged from the pressure relief end, it can be treated by the fire-fighting functional layer material on the inner wall of the second through hole during the process of being discharged from the second through hole to the safety cabin, and then enter the safety cabin and fall on the surface of other fire-fighting functional layers to be treated, which can effectively treat the high-temperature flammable fluid; if part of the high-temperature flammable fluid flows back to the second through hole, since the inner wall of the second through hole also has the material of the fire-fighting functional layer, the high-temperature flammable fluid can be treated by the material of the fire-fighting functional layer again when flowing on the inner wall of the second through hole, avoiding secondary safety accidents caused by backflow.

[0022] In some embodiments, the fire protection functional layer includes filter particles and energy absorbing particles, and the filter particles are dispersed between the energy absorbing particles. The filter particles refer to filter material particles that can absorb harmful gases and convert harmful gases into harmless gases, and the energy absorbing material refers to energy absorbing material particles that can convert high-temperature gases into low-temperature gases. The amount of filter particles and energy absorbing particles can be set as needed. In some embodiments, the material of the filter particles can be directly mixed with the material of the energy absorbing particles, and then solidified to form the fire protection functional layer.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the battery module further includes a breakable structure, and the breakable structure is located on the end face of the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure. The second through hole, the connecting end of the explosion-proof structure, and the internal space of the explosion-proof structure are sequentially connected. The breakable structure will burst after being subjected to a pressure shock, and after the breakable structure bursts, the fluid inside the module shell will be sprayed into the safety cabin through the pressure relief end. A breakable structure refers to a structure that will burst when it is subjected to a pressure shock. When the battery module is working normally, the breakable structure blocks the end face of the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure. When the air pressure inside the battery module increases, the high-temperature flammable fluid breaks through the breakable structure and sprays the high-temperature flammable fluid into the safety cabin.

[0024] In a possible implementation, the breakable structure includes a connecting piece and a notch on the connecting piece, the thickness of the notch is smaller than the thickness of other areas of the connecting piece, and the thickness refers to the dimension in a direction perpendicular to the connecting piece. The thickness refers to the dimension in a direction perpendicular to the connecting piece, and when subjected to pressure, the notch will crack to release the pressure.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the safety cabin includes a cabin bottom plate, a cabin top plate, and a box frame with openings at both ends along the second direction, the cabin bottom plate and the cabin top plate respectively cover the openings at both ends of the box frame along the second direction, the cabin bottom plate is located on one side of the module shell along the second direction, the cabin bottom plate is provided with a second through hole penetrating the cabin bottom plate, the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure passes through the second through hole and extends into the safety cabin, and the cabin bottom plate, the cabin top plate, the box frame and the breakable structure can form a closed space. When the breakable structure is not broken, the breakable structure blocks the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure, at which time the cabin bottom plate, the cabin top plate, the box frame and the explosion-proof structure form a closed space, and when the breakable structure is broken under pressure, the high-temperature flammable fluid is released into the safety cabin, at which time the pressure relief end is the entrance of the safety cabin, and the other parts of the safety cabin have no outlet, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid is stored in the safety cabin to avoid overflow. When the high-temperature flammable fluid is no longer dangerous after firefighting in the safety cabin, the cabin roof can be opened to remove the non-hazardous low-temperature fluid.

[0026] In a possible implementation, the explosion-proof structure and the safety cabin are integrated structures. Specifically, the explosion-proof structure and the cabin bottom plate are integrated structures. The integrated structure can eliminate the gap between the explosion-proof structure and the cabin bottom plate, prevent the leakage of high-temperature flammable fluid, and improve the structural strength.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the battery module further includes a breakable structure, which is located on the end face of the connection end of the explosion-proof structure. When the battery module is working normally, the breakable structure blocks the end face of the connection end of the explosion-proof structure. When the internal air pressure of the battery module increases, the high-temperature flammable fluid breaks through the breakable structure, passes through the internal space of the explosion-proof structure, and sprays the high-temperature flammable fluid into the safety cabin from the outlet of the pressure relief end.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the battery module further includes a breakable structure, which is located on the surface of the module shell and blocks the first through hole. In one embodiment, the edge of the breakable structure is connected to the surface of the cover plate in the circumferential direction of the first through hole, and the connection end of the explosion-proof structure surrounds the outside of the film structure. When the internal air pressure of the battery module increases, the high-temperature flammable fluid breaks through the breakable structure, passes through the internal space of the explosion-proof structure, and sprays the high-temperature flammable fluid into the safety cabin from the outlet of the pressure relief end. The connection end of the explosion-proof structure is connected to the cover plate, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the first through hole cannot flow to the outside of the explosion-proof structure, thereby reducing the risk of the high-temperature flammable fluid burning the electrical components.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the electrical component is located in the area between the safety cabin and the module housing. The electrical component can be connected to an external electronic device through a connecting wire to achieve electrical connection between the module housing and the external electronic device. For example, when the electrical component is an electrode terminal, the electrode terminal is arranged on the cover plate, one end of the electrode terminal is electrically connected to the electrode sheet inside the battery cell through a tab, and the other end of the electrode terminal is connected to the total electrode of the battery module through an electrical connecting wire or is connected in series or in parallel with the electrode terminal in an adjacent battery cell.

[0030] In one embodiment, the safety cabin completely covers the cover plate. The dimensions of the safety cabin along the first direction and along the third direction are the same as the dimensions of the cover plate along the first direction and along the third direction, making the process preparation simpler. Among them, the edge of the safety cabin is fixedly connected to the edge of the cover plate, and the fixed connection method includes snaps, screws or adhesives. Since the safety cabin is arranged above the electrical components, the safety cabin and the cover plate have at least the dimensions of the electronic components along the second direction. In addition, it is necessary to reserve space between the safety cabin and the electrical components for placing the connecting wires for the electrical components to be connected to the outside, so that the gap between the safety cabin and the cover plate is larger. If an explosion-proof structure is not provided, the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the first through hole will quickly flow to the electrical components and burn the electronic components, causing a secondary safety accident. The explosion-proof structure provided in the present application can avoid secondary safety accidents.

[0031] In a possible implementation, the orthographic projection of the electrical component on the module housing does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the safety cabin on the module housing. In one embodiment, the safety cabin is not located above the electrode terminal, leaving space for the connection wires of the electrode terminal.

[0032] In a possible implementation, the battery module further includes a cooling device, which is disposed outside the safety cabin and is used to cool the safety cabin. The cooling device includes an air-cooled cooling device or a liquid-cooled cooling device. The liquid-cooled cooling device includes a cooling pipeline. Since the high-temperature flammable fluid will fall onto the cabin bottom plate after being sprayed into the safety cabin, the temperature of the cabin bottom plate is relatively high. In one embodiment, the cooling pipeline is arranged on the surface of the cabin bottom plate adjacent to the cover plate of the safety cabin to quickly cool the cabin bottom plate. In some embodiments, the air-cooled cooling device may be a fan that blows air to the safety cabin to dissipate heat.

[0033] In a possible implementation, a liquid guide groove is further provided on the inner surface of the cabin bottom plate. One end of the liquid guide groove is arranged adjacent to the explosion-proof structure, and the other end of the liquid guide groove is arranged away from the explosion-proof structure. When the high-temperature flammable fluid sprayed from the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure falls on the cabin bottom plate, it flows in a direction away from the explosion-proof structure through the liquid guide groove, thereby preventing the high-temperature flammable fluid from gathering around the explosion-proof structure and improving the fire-fighting treatment effect on the high-temperature flammable fluid. The number and shape of the liquid guide grooves are not limited and can be set according to actual needs.

[0034] In a second aspect, the present application further provides a battery pack, the battery pack comprising a battery pack housing and a battery module as described in any of the above embodiments located in the battery pack housing. The battery module in the battery pack is provided with the above-mentioned explosion-proof structure and safety cabin, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid sprayed from the explosion-proof structure flows into the safety cabin, which can prevent the high-temperature flammable fluid from spraying onto the surface of the battery module or surrounding electrical components, thereby reducing the risk of secondary safety accidents.

[0035] The battery pack also includes a battery thermal management system, which is arranged on the outside of the battery module to cool the battery module. The battery thermal management system includes but is not limited to a liquid cooling device, an air cooling device, a condensing plate, etc.

[0036] On the third aspect, the present application also provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes an electrical device and a battery pack as described above, the electrical device is electrically connected to the battery pack. The electronic devices include communication base stations, data centers, commercial energy storage and electric vehicles, etc. When the electronic device is an electric vehicle, the electrical device in the electric vehicle includes but is not limited to a motor, a control system, a temperature control system, etc. The use of the battery pack in the present application can improve the safety performance of the electronic device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the electrode terminal and the explosion-proof structure are arranged on different sides of the battery module provided by the present application;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the electrode terminal and the explosion-proof structure are arranged on different sides of the battery module provided by the present application;

[0041] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cover plate in a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module provided by the present application without the explosion-proof structure;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery module provided by the present application without the explosion-proof structure;

[0045] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module without a safety cabin provided in one embodiment of the present application:

[0046] Fig.10 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.11 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fire protection functional layer in a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Fig.13 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Fig.14 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Fig.15 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig.16a is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0053] Fig.16b is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0054] Fig.17 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cabin bottom plate of a safety cabin in a battery module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Fig.19 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In this document, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0059] In addition, in this article, directional terms such as "upper" and "lower" are defined relative to the orientation of the structure schematically placed in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they can change accordingly according to the change of the orientation of the structure.

[0060] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present application, a battery module 10 is provided. The battery module 10 includes a module housing 100, a safety compartment 200, an electrical component 300, and an explosion-proof structure 400. The safety compartment 200, the explosion-proof structure 400, and at least part of the electrical component 300 are all located outside the module housing 100 and on the same side of the module housing 100. The explosion-proof structure 400 includes a connection end 410 and a pressure relief end 420 (such as Figure 2 As shown), the connection end 410 is connected to the module shell 100, and the pressure relief end 420 is located in the safety cabin 200.

[0061] The battery module 10 further includes a battery cell 500 (such as Figure 2 As shown) and electrolyte, the battery cell 500 and the electrolyte are located in the module shell 100. If the battery module 10 fails, the battery cell 500 and the electrolyte will induce a large amount of flammable gas to be produced by the battery cell 500 and the electrolyte, so that the internal pressure of the module shell 100 increases. The explosion-proof structure 400 is used to release the high-temperature flammable fluid inside the module shell 100 when the internal pressure of the module shell 100 exceeds the preset opening pressure, so as to avoid the explosion caused by excessive internal pressure of the module shell 100, wherein the pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400 refers to the end where the high-temperature flammable fluid flows out of the explosion-proof structure 400. The high-temperature flammable fluid includes at least one of high-temperature gas or electrolyte. The safety cabin 200 refers to a cabin body whose other parts are closed except for the pressure relief end 420. When the high-temperature flammable fluid is not dangerous in the safety cabin 200, the safety cabin 200 can be opened to remove the non-dangerous low-temperature fluid.

[0062] The electrical component 300 may include at least one of an electrode terminal 310, an electrical connection line, a power line, a sampling line or a sampling terminal. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The electrical component 300 shown in the figure is an electrode terminal 310. The electrode terminal 310 is electrically connected to the battery cell 500 and is used to draw out the current generated by the battery cell 500. When part of the electrical component 300 and the explosion-proof structure 400 are located on the same side of the module housing 100, the high-temperature flammable fluid Q coming out of the explosion-proof structure 400 will burn the electrical component 300 on the same side, thereby causing a secondary safety accident. In some cases, the high-temperature flammable fluid Q coming out of the explosion-proof structure 400 will also burn the power line, sampling line or sampling terminal in the module housing 100, which is a relatively high risk.

[0063] The battery cell 500 includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet and a separator, the separator is arranged between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet to insulate the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, the positive electrode sheet is coated with a positive electrode material, the negative electrode sheet is coated with a negative electrode material, and the positive electrode sheet, the separator and the negative electrode sheet are wound around the axial direction 0 to form a battery cell body 510 (such as Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the battery body 510 has a gap inside, and the gap extends along the axial direction 0. The end of the battery body 510 along the axial direction 0 has a positive pole ear 520 and a negative pole ear 530, the positive pole ear 520 is connected to the positive electrode sheet, and the negative pole ear 530 is connected to the negative electrode sheet. The electrode terminal 310 includes a positive terminal 311 and a negative terminal 312, and the positive terminal 311 and the negative terminal 312 are distributed at both ends of the explosion-proof structure 400 along the first direction X. In this embodiment, the first direction X is the width direction of the battery module 10, the positive electrode sheet is electrically connected to the positive terminal 311 through the positive pole ear 520, and the negative electrode sheet is electrically connected to the negative terminal 312 through the negative pole ear 530. When a failure of the battery module 10 induces the battery cell 500 and the electrolyte to produce a large amount of flammable gas, a large amount of flammable gas is discharged from the axial direction 0 of the battery cell body 510. In this embodiment, the axial direction 0 of the battery cell body 510 is parallel to the second direction Z of the battery module 10, and the second direction Z is the height direction of the battery module 10. In order to allow the high-temperature flammable fluid Q to be discharged smoothly from the module housing 100, the explosion-proof structure 400 is generally arranged on the end face of the axial direction 0 of the battery cell body 510, and the positive electrode tab 520, the negative electrode tab 530 and the electrode terminal 310 are also located on the end face of the battery cell body 5100 along the axial direction 0. Generally, the explosion-proof structure 400 and the electrode terminal 310 are arranged on the same end face of the battery cell body 510. Such an arrangement allows the high-temperature flammable fluid Q inside the module housing 100 to be quickly discharged along the axial direction 0 through the gap in the middle of the battery cell body 510, thereby reducing the risk of explosion.

[0064] When the explosion-proof structure 400 and the electrode terminal 310 are arranged on different sides, for example, the electrode terminal 310 is arranged on the cover plate 110 of the module housing 100 (eg, Figure 3As shown), the explosion-proof structure 400 is set on the side plate 120 of the module shell 100, and the side plate 120 is perpendicular to the cover plate 110. At this time, the inner side of the side plate 120 includes the side of the battery cell body 510. When a failure occurs inside the battery module 10 and a high-temperature flammable fluid Q is generated, the high-temperature flammable fluid Q comes out from the end face of the battery cell body 510 and then turns to the side of the battery cell body 510, and then is discharged through the explosion-proof structure 400 on the side plate 120. This method will make the discharge path of the high-temperature flammable fluid Q not smooth, thereby increasing the risk of explosion inside the battery module 10.

[0065] If the electrode terminal 310 is disposed on the side plate 120 of the module housing 100 (eg Figure 4 As shown), the explosion-proof structure 400 is set on the cover plate 110 of the module shell 100, and the positive electrode tab 520 and the negative electrode tab 530 on the end face of the battery body 510 need to be connected to the positive terminal 311 and the negative terminal 312 on the side plate 120 through the lead 540. However, adding the lead 540 inside the module shell 100 will also increase the risk of internal explosion. When the high-temperature flammable fluid Q flows inside the module shell 100 and hits the lead 540, the risk of explosion will be increased.

[0066] In the present application, the electrode terminal 310 and the explosion-proof structure 400 are arranged on the same side (eg Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the risk of explosion can be reduced. If the electrode terminal 310 and the explosion-proof structure 400 are arranged on the same side, when the high-temperature flammable fluid Q from the explosion-proof structure 400 flows to the electrode terminal 310, when the electrode terminal 310 ignites, the high-temperature flammable gas and liquid will be ignited, thereby causing safety accidents such as fire or even explosion of the battery module 10. In the present application, on the one hand, the electrode terminal 310 and the explosion-proof structure 400 are arranged on the same side to reduce the risk of explosion. On the other hand, in order to avoid secondary safety accidents between the high-temperature flammable fluid Q and the electrical component 300 (such as the electrode terminal 310), the pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400 is located in the safety cabin 200. The safety cabin 200 is a sealed cavity. The pressure relief end 420 is arranged in the sealed safety cabin 200, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid Q coming out of the pressure relief end 420 flows into the safety cabin 200, and the high-temperature flammable fluid Q is prevented from flowing to other positions of the module housing 100 and burning the electrical component 300. The pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400 is separated from the electrical component 300 by the safety cabin 200 to avoid secondary safety accidents.

[0067] See also Figure 5 and Figure 6In a possible implementation, the module housing 100 is provided with a first through hole 101 penetrating the module housing 100, the connection end 410 of the explosion-proof structure 400 is arranged around the first through hole 101, and the internal space of the explosion-proof structure 400 is connected to the first through hole 101. The connection end 410 is arranged around the first through hole 101, which means that the connection end 410 is located outside the circumference of the first through hole 101 (such as Figure 6 ). The internal space of the explosion-proof structure 400 is connected to the first through hole 101, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid from the inside of the module housing 100 enters the explosion-proof structure 400 through the first through hole 101, effectively preventing the high-temperature flammable fluid from overflowing from the circumference of the first through hole 101, and preventing the high-temperature flammable fluid overflowing from the circumference of the first through hole 101 from contacting the electrical component 300. In some embodiments, the connection end 410 can be fixed to the module housing 100 by welding. In some embodiments, the connection end 410 can be fixed to the module housing 100 by using a high-temperature resistant sealant to seal the gap between the connection end 410 and the module housing 100.

[0068] If the explosion-proof structure 400 is not provided, but the safety cabin 200 is directly provided on the cover plate 110 of the module housing 100 (eg Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , the second through hole 211 is provided on the bottom plate 210 of the safety cabin 200 adjacent to the module housing 100, and the axes of the first through hole 101 and the second through hole 211 are arranged to coincide with each other, so that the inside of the module housing 100 is connected to the safety cabin 200 through the first through hole 101 and the second through hole 211. However, since the electrode terminal 310 has a certain height, there is a gap J between the bottom plate 210 and the module housing 100, and it is difficult to achieve complete fit between the bottom plate 210 and the module housing 100, so that when the module housing 100 is sprayed, the inside of the module housing 100 is not fully fitted. When the high-temperature flammable fluid Q is discharged, the high-temperature flammable fluid Q will flow out from the gap J between the bottom plate 210 and the module shell 100, and then come into contact with the electrical components 300 on the module shell 100, damaging the electrical components 300. The high-temperature flammable fluid Q will also damage the electronic components around the module shell 100, such as power lines. In addition, since there is no blocking structure around the first through hole 101, the high-temperature flammable fluid Q will also flow back into the first through hole 101 and enter the interior of the battery module shell 100, causing a secondary safety accident.

[0069] If the electrode terminal 310 is disposed on the side plate 120 of the module housing 100 (eg Figure 8As shown), it is difficult to achieve complete fit between the bottom plate 210 and the module shell 100. There is still a gap F at the adjacent position of the first through hole 101 and the second through hole 211. When the high-temperature flammable fluid Q rushes out from the first through hole 101, on the one hand, part of the high-temperature flammable fluid Q will flow out from the gap F, and then contact the electrical component 300 on the module shell 100, damaging the electrical component 300; on the other hand, the high-temperature flammable fluid Q will also flow back into the first through hole 101 and enter the interior of the battery module shell 100, causing a secondary safety accident; on the other hand, in this embodiment, it is necessary to set a lead between the battery cell body 510 and the electrode terminal 310, which will increase the risk of internal explosion. In this embodiment, by setting the connection end 410 of the explosion-proof structure 400 around the first through hole 101 (as shown in FIG. Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown), the high-temperature combustible fluid Q can be effectively prevented from overflowing from the circumference of the first through hole 101.

[0070] Please continue reading Figure 1 In one possible implementation, the module housing 100 includes a cover plate 110, and the electrical components 300 and the explosion-proof structure 400 are arranged on the cover plate 110, and the explosion-proof structure 400 and the cover plate 110 are an integrated structure. The explosion-proof structure 400 and the cover plate 110 are an integrated structure, and the gap between the connection end 410 of the explosion-proof structure 400 and the module housing 100 is removed to prevent the high-temperature flammable fluid from overflowing from the circumference of the first through hole 101. In this embodiment, the battery module 10 includes a plurality of independent battery cells 700, and the plurality of battery cells 700 are arranged along a third direction Y, and the third direction Y is the length direction of the battery module 10, and each battery cell 700 includes a monomer sub-shell 710 and a battery cell 500 (such as Figure 2 As shown) and electrolyte, the module housing 100 includes a plurality of monomer sub-housings 710 (as shown Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , each monomer sub-shell 710 includes a monomer sub-cover plate 711, and multiple monomer sub-cover plates 711 of multiple monomer sub-shells 710 constitute the cover plate 110 of the module shell 100. Each monomer sub-cover plate 711 has an explosion-proof structure 400, and each monomer sub-cover plate 711 and the explosion-proof structure 400 on the monomer sub-cover plate 711 are an integrated structure. In some embodiments, the third direction Y is the width direction of the battery module 10, and the first direction X is the length direction of the battery module 10.

[0071] In some embodiments, the module housing 100 includes a cover plate 110, a box frame 160, and a bottom plate 130 (eg, Fig. 9As shown), both ends of the box frame 160 have openings 161, which are respectively covered by the cover plate 110 and the bottom plate 130. A plurality of partitions 140 are provided in the middle of the box frame 160. The plurality of partitions 140 divide the box frame 160 into a plurality of receiving spaces 150. A battery cell 500 and an electrolyte are provided in each receiving space 150. Two adjacent partitions 140, a portion of the box frame 160 between the two adjacent partitions 140, and the battery cell 500 and the electrolyte in the receiving space 150 constitute a battery cell 700. The cover plate 110 is covered on the opening 161 of the box frame 160. In the present embodiment, the monomer sub-cover plates 711 of the plurality of battery monomers 700 are an integrated structure, namely the cover plate 110. An explosion-proof structure 450 is provided at the position of the cover plate 110 corresponding to each receiving space 150.

[0072] See also Fig.10 In a possible implementation, the safety cabin 200 includes a cabin bottom plate 210 adjacent to the module shell 100, a fire protection functional layer 220 disposed on the surface of the cabin bottom plate 210 away from the module shell 100, and a second through hole 211 penetrating the cabin bottom plate 210 and the fire protection functional layer 220, and a portion of the explosion-proof structure 400 is located in the second through hole 211. The fire protection functional layer 220 is used to perform fire protection treatment on high-temperature flammable gas, including at least one of cooling the high-temperature flammable gas, extinguishing fire, and absorbing toxic gas. In this embodiment, a portion of the explosion-proof structure 400 is located in the second through hole 211, including a pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400 extending from the second through hole 211 and extending into the internal space of the safety cabin 200. That is to say, the pressure relief end 420 is completely located in the internal space of the safety cabin 200, and the pressure relief end 420 is higher than the second through hole 211. Due to the obstruction of the pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400, the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the pressure relief end 420 will not flow back into the second through hole 211 after falling into the fire protection functional layer 220, and will be effectively blocked in the safety cabin 200 by the pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400.

[0073] See also Fig.11In some embodiments, part of the explosion-proof structure 400 is located in the second through hole 211, including the pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400 is located in the second through hole 211 and does not extend into the inner space of the safety cabin 200. That is to say, the pressure relief end 420 is surrounded by the fire-fighting functional layer 220 material. When the high-temperature flammable fluid is discharged from the pressure relief end 420, it can be treated by the fire-fighting functional layer 220 material on the inner wall of the second through hole 211 during the process of being discharged from the second through hole 211 to the safety cabin 200, and then enter the safety cabin 200 and fall on the surface of other fire-fighting functional layers 220 to be treated, which can effectively treat the high-temperature flammable fluid; if part of the high-temperature flammable fluid flows back to the second through hole 211, since the inner wall of the second through hole 211 also has the material of the fire-fighting functional layer 220, the high-temperature flammable fluid can be treated by the material of the fire-fighting functional layer 220 again when flowing on the inner wall of the second through hole 211, so as to avoid secondary safety accidents caused by backflow.

[0074] See also Fig.12 In some embodiments, the fire protection functional layer 220 includes filter particles 222 and energy absorbing particles 223, and the filter particles 222 are dispersed between the energy absorbing particles 223. The filter particles 222 refer to filter material particles that can absorb harmful gases and convert harmful gases into harmless gases, and the energy absorbing material 223 refers to energy absorbing material particles that can convert high-temperature gases into low-temperature gases. The amount of the filter particles 222 and the energy absorbing particles 223 can be set as needed. In some embodiments, the material of the filter particles 222 and the material of the energy absorbing particles 223 can be directly mixed and then solidified to form the fire protection functional layer 220.

[0075] See also Fig.13 In a possible implementation, the battery module 10 further includes a breakable structure 600, which is located on the end face of the pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400. In this embodiment, the second through hole 211, the connection end 410 of the explosion-proof structure 400, and the internal space of the explosion-proof structure 400 are connected in sequence. Among them, the breakable structure 600 will explode after being subjected to pressure shock. After the breakable structure 600 explodes, the fluid inside the module shell 100 is sprayed into the safety cabin 200 through the pressure relief end 420. The breakable structure 600 refers to a structure that will explode when it is subjected to pressure shock. When the battery module 10 is working normally, the breakable structure 600 blocks the end face of the pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400. When the internal air pressure of the battery module 10 increases, the high-temperature flammable fluid breaks through the breakable structure 600 and sprays the high-temperature flammable fluid into the safety cabin 200.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the pierceable structure 600 includes a connecting piece and a notch on the connecting piece. The thickness of the notch is smaller than the thickness of other parts of the connecting piece. The thickness refers to the dimension in a direction perpendicular to the connecting piece. When subjected to pressure, the notch will crack to release the pressure.

[0077] Please continue reading Fig.13 In this embodiment, the safety cabin 200 includes a cabin bottom plate 210, a cabin top plate 201 and a box frame 202 with openings at both ends along the second direction Z. The cabin bottom plate 210 and the cabin top plate 201 respectively cover the openings at both ends of the box frame 202 along the second direction Z. The cabin bottom plate 210 is located on one side of the module shell 100 along the second direction Z. The cabin bottom plate 210 is provided with a second through hole 211 penetrating the cabin bottom plate 210. The pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400 passes through the second through hole 211 and extends into the safety cabin 200. The cabin bottom plate 210, the cabin top plate 201, the box frame 202 and the breakable structure 600 can form a closed space. When the breakable structure 600 is not broken, the breakable structure 600 blocks the pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400. At this time, the cabin bottom plate 210, the cabin top plate 201, the box frame 202 and the explosion-proof structure 400 form a closed space. When the breakable structure 600 is broken under pressure, the high-temperature flammable fluid is released into the safety cabin 200. At this time, the pressure relief end 420 is the entrance of the safety cabin 200, and the other parts of the safety cabin 200 have no outlet, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid is stored in the safety cabin 200 to avoid overflow. When the high-temperature flammable fluid is treated by firefighting in the safety cabin 200 and is no longer dangerous, the cabin top plate 201 of the safety cabin 200 can be opened to remove the low-temperature fluid without danger.

[0078] In a possible implementation, the explosion-proof structure 400 and the safety cabin 200 are integrated structures. Specifically, the explosion-proof structure 400 and the cabin bottom plate 210 are integrated structures. The integrated structure can eliminate the gap between the explosion-proof structure 400 and the cabin bottom plate 210, prevent the leakage of high-temperature flammable fluid, and improve the structural strength.

[0079] See also Fig.14 In a possible implementation, the battery module 10 further includes a breakable structure 600, which is located on the end surface of the connection end 410 of the explosion-proof structure 400. When the battery module 10 is working normally, the breakable structure 600 blocks the end surface of the connection end 410 of the explosion-proof structure 400. When the internal air pressure of the battery module 10 increases, the high-temperature flammable fluid breaks through the breakable structure 600, passes through the internal space of the explosion-proof structure 400, and sprays the high-temperature flammable fluid into the safety cabin 200 from the outlet of the pressure relief end 420.

[0080] See also Fig.15In a possible implementation, the battery module 10 further includes a breakable structure 600, which is located on the surface of the module housing 10 and blocks the first through hole 101. In this embodiment, the edge of the breakable structure 600 is connected to the surface of the cover plate 110 in the circumferential direction of the first through hole 101, and the connection end 410 of the explosion-proof structure 400 surrounds the outer side of the film structure 600. When the internal air pressure of the battery module 10 increases, the high-temperature flammable fluid breaks through the breakable structure 600, passes through the internal space of the explosion-proof structure 400, and sprays the high-temperature flammable fluid into the safety cabin 200 from the outlet of the pressure relief end 420. The connection end 410 of the explosion-proof structure 400 is connected to the cover plate 110, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the first through hole 101 cannot flow to the outside of the explosion-proof structure 400, thereby reducing the risk of the high-temperature flammable fluid burning the electrical components 300.

[0081] Please continue reading Figure 1 and Figure 2 In a possible implementation, the electrical component 300 is in the area between the safety cabin 200 and the module housing 100. The electrical component 300 can be connected to external electronic devices through connecting wires to achieve electrical connection between the module housing 100 and external electronic devices. For example, when the electrical component 300 is an electrode terminal 310, the electrode terminal 310 is disposed on the cover plate 110, one end of the electrode terminal 310 is electrically connected to the electrode sheet inside the battery cell 700 through a pole ear, and the other end of the electrode terminal 310 is connected to the total electrode of the battery module 10 through an electrical connecting wire or is connected in series or in parallel with the electrode terminal 310 in the adjacent battery cell 700.

[0082] In one embodiment, the safety cabin 200 completely covers the cover plate 110. The dimensions of the safety cabin 200 along the first direction X and along the third direction Y are the same as the dimensions of the cover plate 110 along the first direction X and along the third direction Y, making the process preparation simpler. Among them, the edge of the safety cabin 200 is fixedly connected to the edge of the cover plate 110, and the fixed connection method includes snaps, screws or adhesives. Since the safety cabin 200 is arranged above the electrical component 300, the safety cabin 200 and the cover plate 110 have at least the size of the electronic component 300 along the second direction Z. In addition, it is necessary to reserve space between the safety cabin 200 and the electrical component 300 for placing the connecting wires of the electrical component 300 and the external connection, so that the gap between the safety cabin 200 and the cover plate 110 is larger. If the explosion-proof structure 400 is not provided, the high-temperature flammable fluid coming out of the first through hole 101 quickly flows to the electrical component 300 and burns the electrical component 300, causing a secondary safety accident. The explosion-proof structure 400 is provided in the present application to avoid secondary safety accidents.

[0083] See also Fig.16a and Fig.16bIn a possible implementation, the orthographic projection of the electrical component 300 on the module housing 100 does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the safety cabin 200 on the module housing 100. In this embodiment, the safety cabin 200 is not located above the electrode terminal 310, and space is reserved for the connection wire of the electrode terminal 310.

[0084] See also Fig.17 In a possible implementation, the battery module 10 further includes a cooling device 800, which is disposed outside the safety cabin 200 and is used to cool the safety cabin 200. The cooling device 800 includes an air-cooled cooling device or a liquid-cooled cooling device. The liquid-cooled cooling device 800 includes a cooling pipeline 810. Since the high-temperature flammable fluid Q is sprayed into the safety cabin 200 and falls onto the cabin bottom plate 210, the temperature of the cabin bottom plate 210 is relatively high. Fig.17 As shown, in one embodiment, the cooling pipeline 810 is arranged on the surface of the cabin bottom plate 210 of the safety cabin 200 adjacent to the cover plate 110 to quickly cool the cabin bottom plate 210. In some embodiments, the air-cooling cooling device can be a fan to blow air to the safety cabin 200 to dissipate heat.

[0085] See also Fig.18 In a possible implementation, a liquid guide groove 230 is further provided on the inner surface of the bilge bottom plate 210. One end of the liquid guide groove 230 is arranged adjacent to the explosion-proof structure 400, and the other end of the liquid guide groove 230 is arranged away from the explosion-proof structure 400. When the high-temperature flammable fluid sprayed from the pressure relief end 420 of the explosion-proof structure 400 falls on the bilge bottom plate 210, it flows in a direction away from the explosion-proof structure 400 through the liquid guide groove 230, thereby preventing the high-temperature flammable fluid from gathering around the explosion-proof structure 400, and improving the fire-fighting treatment effect on the high-temperature flammable fluid. The number and shape of the liquid guide grooves 230 are not limited, and can be set according to actual needs.

[0086] See also Fig.19 In one embodiment of the present application, a battery pack 20 is provided. The battery pack 20 includes a battery pack housing 21 and a battery module 10 as described in any of the above embodiments located in the battery pack housing 21. The battery module 10 in the battery pack 20 is provided with the above-mentioned explosion-proof structure 400 and safety cabin 200, so that the high-temperature flammable fluid sprayed from the explosion-proof structure 400 flows into the safety cabin 200, which can prevent the high-temperature flammable fluid from spraying onto the surface of the battery module 20 or the surrounding electrical components 300, thereby reducing the risk of secondary safety accidents.

[0087] The battery pack 20 further includes a battery thermal management system 22, which is disposed outside the battery module 10 and is used to cool the battery module 10. The battery thermal management system 22 includes but is not limited to a liquid cooling device, an air cooling device, a condensing plate, and the like.

[0088] See also Fig. 20 In one embodiment of the present application, an electronic device 30 is provided. The electronic device 30 includes an electric device 31 and a battery pack 20 as described above. The electric device 31 is electrically connected to the battery pack 20. The electronic device 30 includes a communication base station, a data center, commercial energy storage, and an electric vehicle. When the electronic device 30 is an electric vehicle, the electric device in the electric vehicle includes but is not limited to a motor, a control system, a temperature control system, and the like. The use of the battery pack 20 in the present application can improve the safety performance of the electronic device 30.

[0089] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery module, characterized in that: The battery module comprises a module shell, a safety cabin, an electrical component and an explosion-proof structure, the electrical component comprises at least one of an electrode terminal, an electrical connection line, a power line, a sampling line or a sampling terminal, the safety cabin, the explosion-proof structure and at least part of the electrical component are all located outside the module shell and on the same side of the module shell; The module housing includes a cover plate, the electrical component and the explosion-proof structure are arranged on the cover plate, the cover plate is provided with a first through hole penetrating the cover plate, the explosion-proof structure includes a connecting end and a pressure relief end arranged opposite to each other, the connecting end of the explosion-proof structure is arranged around the first through hole, and the internal space of the explosion-proof structure is connected to the first through hole; The safety cabin comprises a cabin bottom plate arranged opposite to the cover plate and a second through hole penetrating the cabin bottom plate, and the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure extends into the safety cabin from the second through hole.

2. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The explosion-proof structure and the cover plate are an integrated structure.

3. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety cabin comprises a fire-fighting functional layer arranged on a surface of the cabin bottom plate away from the module shell, the second through hole penetrates the fire-fighting functional layer, and part of the explosion-proof structure is located in the second through hole.

4. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery module further comprises a breakable structure, and the breakable structure is located on the end surface of the pressure relief end of the explosion-proof structure.

5. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery module further comprises a breakable structure, and the breakable structure is located on the end surface of the connection end of the explosion-proof structure.

6. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery module further includes a breakable structure, which is located on the surface of the module shell and blocks the first through hole.

7. The battery module according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The breakable structure will explode after being subjected to pressure shock. After the breakable structure explodes, the fluid inside the module shell will be sprayed into the safety cabin through the pressure relief end.

8. The battery module according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The breakable structure includes a connecting piece and a notch on the connecting piece, the thickness of the notch is smaller than the thickness of other parts of the connecting piece, and the thickness refers to the dimension in a direction perpendicular to the connecting piece.

9. The battery module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrical component is located in a region between the safety cabin and the module housing, or the orthographic projection of the electrical component on the module housing does not overlap with the orthographic projection of the safety cabin on the module housing.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack includes a battery pack shell and a battery module as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 located in the battery pack shell.

11. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises an electric device and the battery pack as claimed in claim 10, wherein the electric device is electrically connected to the battery pack.

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