PDC Bit Facilitating Reaming

Abstract

The present invention provides a PDC bit convenient for reaming. The cylinder body is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of receiving grooves are provided on the cylinder body. The drill body is arranged on the cylinder body and can slide axially along the cylinder body. A plurality of reaming plates correspond to the plurality of receiving grooves one by one, and the reaming plates are slidably arranged in the corresponding receiving grooves; a plurality of transmission mechanisms correspond to the reaming plates one by one. One end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the corresponding reaming plate, and the other end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the drill body. By providing the drill body, the transmission mechanism and the reaming plate, one end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the drill body, and the other end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the reaming plate. When drilling downward, the drill body rises relative to the cylinder body, driving the reaming plate to be received into the receiving groove, and thus an equal-diameter hole can be drilled; when reaming is required, the drill body is slid downward relative to the cylinder body. At this time, the reaming plate extends radially outward along the cylinder body, and the reaming plate can enlarge the diameter of the drilled hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of drill bits, and particularly relates to a PDC drill bit facilitating hole expansion. Background Art

[0002] PDC is the abbreviation of Polycrystalline Diamond Compact bit, which means polycrystalline diamond compact bit. It is a commonly used drilling tool in the geological drilling industry. In fact, its evolution is from diamond drill.

[0003] The diamond composite sheet is sintered from diamond micropowder and cemented carbide substrate under ultra-high pressure and high temperature conditions. It has both the high hardness, high wear resistance and thermal conductivity of diamond, and the strength and impact toughness of cemented carbide. It is an ideal material for manufacturing cutting tools, drilling bits and other wear-resistant tools.

[0004] The PDC drill bit is widely used in the fields of oil and gas, mine engineering, construction foundation engineering construction, geology, hydrology, etc. The PDC drill bit is provided with PDC teeth on the cutter wings at the feed end of the drill bit, that is, a plurality of PDC teeth are evenly distributed on the cutter wings, and at least three cutter wings are arranged on the feed end of the drill bit. During use, the PDC teeth perform rock breaking operations by scraping or shearing the rock, and the grooves between the cutter wings form the flow channels of the drill bit, and the cuttings are discharged through the flow channels.

[0005] When the PDC drill bit drills holes in rock mass or concrete buildings, when objects such as explosives need to be placed or steel drills need to be fixed in the drilled holes, the orifice of the hole needs to be slightly smaller and the inner diameter needs to be slightly larger. The existing PDC drill bits are difficult to expand the diameter of the drilled holes. To drill holes with a small orifice and a large inner diameter, other tools are still needed, the process is complex and the operation difficulty is great. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The embodiment of the present invention provides a PDC drill bit facilitating hole expansion, aiming to solve the problem that the existing PDC drill bits are difficult to expand the diameter of the drilled holes.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a PDC bit convenient for reaming, including a cylinder body, a drill body, a plurality of reaming plates and a plurality of transmission mechanisms. Among them, the cylinder body is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of receiving grooves are provided on the cylinder body, and the plurality of receiving grooves are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder body; the drill body is arranged on the cylinder body, and the drill body can slide axially along the cylinder body, and a plurality of diamond composite sheets are provided at the bottom of the drill body; the plurality of reaming plates correspond to the plurality of receiving grooves one by one, and the reaming plates are slidably arranged in the corresponding receiving grooves; the plurality of transmission mechanisms correspond to the reaming plates one by one, one end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the corresponding reaming plate, and the other end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the drill body. When the drill body slides down, it can drive the reaming plates to extend out of the receiving grooves, and when the drill body slides up, it can drive the reaming plates to be received in the receiving grooves.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner, a connecting rod is provided at the top of the drill body, a guiding block is provided on the side wall of the connecting rod, a guiding groove is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder body, the guiding groove is adapted to the guiding block, and the guiding block is inserted into the guiding groove.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission groove, a first transmission rod, a second transmission rod and hydraulic oil. The transmission groove is provided on the cylinder body, and the transmission groove includes a horizontally arranged transverse groove and a vertically arranged vertical groove. The first transmission rod is arranged on the reaming plate, and the first transmission rod is inserted into the transverse groove. The second transmission rod includes a cross bar and a vertical bar connected to each other. The cross bar is connected to the connecting rod, and the vertical bar is inserted into the vertical groove. The hydraulic oil is filled in the transmission groove between the first transmission rod and the second transmission rod.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, a sliding groove is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body, the sliding groove is connected to the vertical groove, and the sliding groove is arranged at the top end of the vertical groove. The cross bar is arranged in the sliding groove.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, a driving rod is provided at the top end of the connecting rod, and the top end of the driving rod is connected to an external first driving device, so that the drill body can move upward under the drive of the first driving device.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, jet holes are provided on the cylinder body, the jet holes conduct the inside of the cylinder body to the outside of the cylinder body, and the connecting rod can block the jet holes when moving upward, or the connecting rod can release the blockage of the jet holes when moving downward.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the diameter of the connecting rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body. A blocking plate is provided at the top end of the connecting rod. The blocking plate is circular, and the diameter of the blocking plate is the same as the diameter of the cylinder body, or the blocking plate can relieve the blockage of the jet hole due to downward movement; an overflow hole is provided on the blocking plate, and an overflow plate is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body. The blocking plate can block the jet hole due to upward movement. At this time, the space above the blocking plate is communicated with the space below the blocking plate through the overflow hole, or the blocking plate can relieve the blockage of the jet hole due to downward sliding. At this time, the overflow plate blocks the overflow hole, and the space above the blocking plate is isolated from the space below the blocking plate.

[0014] In a possible implementation, a first overlapping plate is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body, and a second overlapping plate is provided on the connecting rod. Both the first overlapping plate and the second overlapping plate are annular, and the inner diameter of the first overlapping plate is smaller than the outer diameter of the second overlapping plate.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the drill body can be moved upward so that the top end of the drill body abuts against the bottom end of the cylinder body. A plurality of jet grooves are provided at the top end of the drill body. The jet grooves extend along the radial direction of the drill body and are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the drill body. One end of the jet groove is provided on the side wall of the drill body, and the distance from the other end of the jet groove to the axis of the drill body is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body.

[0016] In a possible implementation, an installation cylinder is provided at the top end of the cylinder body. The inner diameter of the installation cylinder is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder body, and the outer diameter of the installation cylinder is smaller than the cylinder body. The installation cylinder is connected to an external second driving device, and the second driving device can drive the cylinder body to rotate or lift.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the PDC drill bit for facilitating hole expansion provided by the present invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the PDC drill bit for facilitating hole expansion provided by the present invention is provided with a drill body, a transmission mechanism and an expanding plate. One end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the drill body, and the other end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the expanding plate. When drilling downward, due to the external pressure, the drill body rises relative to the cylinder body, driving the expanding plate to be received into the receiving groove, thereby facilitating the PDC drill bit for facilitating hole expansion of the present invention to drill an equal-diameter hole; when hole expansion is required, the drill body slides downward relative to the cylinder body. At this time, the expanding plate extends radially outward along the cylinder body, and the expanding plate can expand the diameter of the drilled hole. Then, moving the cylinder body upward can expand the diameter of the drilled hole. When approaching the orifice of the drilled hole, moving the drill body upward relative to the cylinder body and retracting the expanding plate into the receiving groove can drill a hole with a smaller orifice diameter and a larger inner diameter, reducing the drilling difficulty of such holes. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic structural diagram of a PDC bit facilitating reaming at one state provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 In the Figure 1 sectional view of the PDC bit facilitating reaming at the state provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic structural diagram of a PDC bit facilitating reaming at another state provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 In the Figure 2 sectional view of the PDC bit facilitating reaming at the state provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the drill body provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 Sectional view of the cylinder body provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Description of reference numerals:

[0025] 1. Cylinder body; 2. Drill body; 3. Diameter-expanding plate; 4. Transmission groove;

[0026] 101. Accommodating groove; 102. Guide groove; 103. Transverse groove; 104. Vertical groove; 105. Slide groove; 106. Jet hole; 107. Flow-through plate; 108. First overlapping plate; 109. Second overlapping plate; 110. Jet groove; 111. Installation cylinder;

[0027] 201. Polycrystalline diamond compact; 202. Connecting rod; 203. Guide block; 204. Vertical plate; 205. Horizontal plate; 206. Driving rod; 207. Plugging plate; 208. Flow-through hole;

[0028] 301. First transmission rod;

[0029] 401. Hydraulic oil. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0031] It should be further noted that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention mainly describe the concept of the present invention. Based on this concept, the specific forms and settings of some connection relationships, positional relationships, power mechanisms, power supply systems, hydraulic systems, control systems, etc. may not be completely described. However, on the premise that those skilled in the art understand the concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can implement the above specific forms and settings in a well-known manner.

[0032] When an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0033] The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the present invention.

[0034] The terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more, and "several" means one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4, the PDC bit facilitating reaming provided by the present invention will now be described. The PDC bit facilitating reaming includes a cylinder body 1, a drill body 2, a plurality of reaming plates 3 and a plurality of transmission mechanisms. Among them, the cylinder body 1 is arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of receiving grooves 101 are provided on the cylinder body 1. The plurality of receiving grooves 101 are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder body 1; the drill body 2 is arranged on the cylinder body 1, and the drill body 2 can slide axially along the cylinder body 1. A plurality of polycrystalline diamond compacts 201 are provided at the bottom of the drill body 2; the plurality of reaming plates 3 correspond to the plurality of receiving grooves 101 one by one, and the reaming plates 3 are slidably arranged in the corresponding receiving grooves 101; the plurality of transmission mechanisms correspond to the reaming plates 3 one by one. One end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the corresponding reaming plate 3, and the other end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the drill body 2. When the drill body 2 slides downward, it can drive the reaming plate 3 to extend out of the receiving groove 101, and when the drill body 2 slides upward, it can drive the reaming plate 3 to be received in the receiving groove 101.

[0036] The beneficial effects of the PDC bit facilitating reaming provided in this embodiment are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the PDC bit facilitating reaming provided in this embodiment is provided with a drill body 2, a transmission mechanism and a reaming plate 3. One end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the drill body 2, and the other end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the reaming plate 3. When drilling downward, due to the external pressure, the drill body 2 rises relative to the cylinder body 1, driving the reaming plate 3 to be received in the receiving groove 101, thereby facilitating the PDC bit facilitating reaming of the present invention to drill an equal-diameter hole; when reaming is required, the drill body 2 is slid downward relative to the cylinder body 1. At this time, the reaming plate 3 extends radially outward along the cylinder body 1, and the reaming plate 3 can expand the diameter of the drilled hole. Then, moving the cylinder body 1 upward can expand the diameter of the drilled hole. When approaching the orifice of the drilled hole, the drill body 2 is moved upward relative to the cylinder body 1, and the reaming plate 3 is retracted into the receiving groove 101, and a drilled hole with a smaller orifice diameter and a larger inner diameter can be drilled, reducing the drilling difficulty of such drilled holes.

[0037] As Figure 5 shown, a connecting rod 202 is provided at the top of the drill body 2, and a guide block 203 is provided on the side wall of the connecting rod 202. A guide groove 102 is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder body 1. The guide groove 102 is adapted to the guide block 203, and the guide block 203 is inserted into the guide groove 102.

[0038] The arrangement of the guide groove 102 and the guide block 203 can, on the one hand, guide the sliding of the drill body 2, and on the other hand, can also provide a force to the drill body 2 so that the drill body 2 can rotate together with the cylinder body 1. If the guide groove 102 and the guide block 203 do not exist, when the PDC bit facilitating reaming of the present invention rotates, the transmission mechanism will be stressed, which is likely to cause damage to the rotating mechanism.

[0039] As Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the transmission mechanism includes a transmission groove 4, a first transmission rod 301, a second transmission rod, and hydraulic oil 401. The transmission groove 4 is provided on the cylinder body 1, and the transmission groove 4 includes a horizontally arranged transverse groove 103 and a vertically arranged vertical groove 104. The first transmission rod 301 is provided on the diameter-expanding plate 3, and the first transmission rod 301 is inserted into the transverse groove 103. The second transmission rod includes a cross bar 205 and a vertical rod 204 that are connected to each other. The cross bar 205 is connected to the connecting rod 202, and the vertical rod 204 is inserted into the vertical groove 104. The hydraulic oil 401 is filled in the transmission groove 4 between the first transmission rod 301 and the second transmission rod.

[0040] When the PDC bit for facilitating hole expansion in the present invention drills downward, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, under the action of an external pressure, the drill body 2 rises relative to the cylinder body 1 and can rise to the uppermost end. At this time, the vertical rod 204 of the second transmission rod moves upward, driving the hydraulic oil 401 to move in the transmission groove 4 along with the vertical rod 204, and further driving the first transmission rod 301 to move in a direction close to the axis of the cylinder body 1, so that the diameter-expanding plate 3 is completely received in the corresponding receiving groove 101.

[0041] When the PDC bit for facilitating hole expansion in the present invention needs to expand the hole, as Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown, under the action of gravity or an external force, the drill body 2 descends relative to the cylinder body 1. At this time, the vertical rod 204 of the second transmission rod moves downward, driving the hydraulic oil 401 to move in the transmission groove 4 along with the vertical rod 204, and further driving the first transmission rod 301 to move in a direction away from the axis of the cylinder body 1, so that the diameter-expanding plate 3 extends out of the outside of the receiving groove 101 until the diameter-expanding plate 3 abuts against the hole wall of the drilled hole. Then, as the cylinder body 1 drives the rotation of the drill body 2, the diamond composite sheets 201 on the side wall of the diameter-expanding plate 3 will rub against the hole wall of the drilled hole until the hole is expanded to the required diameter. When the PDC bit for facilitating hole expansion moves upward under the action of an external force, the diamond composite sheets 201 at the top of the diameter-expanding plate 3 start to rub against the hole wall of the drilled hole to expand the drilled hole.

[0042] As a preferred solution, a sliding groove 105 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body 1. The sliding groove 105 is connected to the vertical groove 104, and the sliding groove 105 is provided at the top end of the vertical groove 104. The cross bar 205 is provided in the sliding groove 105. The setting of the sliding groove 105 provides space for the sliding of the cross plate, facilitating the complete reception of the diameter-expanding plate 3 in the receiving groove 101 or the extension of the diameter-expanding plate 3 out of the receiving groove 101.

[0043] As Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, a drive rod 206 is provided at the top of the connecting rod 202. The top of the drive rod 206 is connected to an external first drive device, enabling the drill body 2 to move upward under the drive of the first drive device. The setting of the drive rod 206 facilitates the connection with the first drive device. When reaming is required, the first drive device can provide power for the extension of the reaming plate 3, facilitating the reaming of the drilled hole. When the PDC drill bit for facilitating reaming of the present invention moves to a position close to the hole opening, the first drive device drives the drill body 2 to move upward, accommodating the reaming plate 3 into the accommodation groove 101, facilitating the PDC drill bit for facilitating reaming of the present invention to come out from the hole opening, forming a drilled hole with a smaller diameter at the hole opening and a larger diameter inside the hole.

[0044] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the cylinder body 1 is provided with jet holes 106. The jet holes 106 conduct the inside of the cylinder body 1 to the outside of the cylinder body 1. The connecting rod 202 can block the jet holes 106 due to upward movement, or the connecting rod 202 can relieve the blockage of the jet holes 106 due to downward movement. Since the cylinder body 1 is cylindrical, cooling water can enter the cylinder body 1. By providing the jet holes 106, it is convenient for the water entering the cylinder body 1 to spray out from the jet holes 106, facilitating the reaming of the PDC drill bit for facilitating reaming of the present invention.

[0045] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, the diameter of the connecting rod 202 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1. A blocking plate 207 is provided at the top of the connecting rod 202. The blocking plate 207 is circular, and the diameter of the blocking plate 207 is the same as the diameter of the cylinder body 1, or the blocking plate 207 can relieve the blockage of the jet holes 106 due to downward movement; through holes 208 are provided on the blocking plate 207, and a flow-through plate 107 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body 1. The blocking plate 207 can block the jet holes 106 due to upward movement. At this time, the space above the blocking plate 207 is conducted to the space below the blocking plate 207 through the through holes 208, or the blocking plate 207 can relieve the blockage of the jet holes 106 due to downward sliding. At this time, the flow-through plate 107 blocks the through holes 208, isolating the space above the blocking plate 207 from the space below the blocking plate 207.

[0046] When the blocking plate 207 blocks the jet holes 106, that is, when the drill body 2 moves upward relative to the cylinder body 1, at this time, the PDC drill bit for facilitating reaming of the present invention drills downward. Due to the existence of the through holes 208, the water entering the cylinder body 1 flows into the space below the blocking plate 207 through the jet holes 106 and finally sprays out from the lower end of the cylinder body 1, facilitating the drill bit to drill downward.

[0047] When the flow - through hole 208 on the plugging plate 207 is blocked by the flow - through plate 107, that is, when the drill body 2 moves downward relative to the cylinder body 1, the diameter of the drilled hole is being processed at this time. Since the flow - through plate 107 blocks the flow - through hole 208, the water entering the cylinder body 1 cannot enter below the plugging plate 207 and can only spray out from the unblocked jet holes 106, thus facilitating the reaming of the drilled hole.

[0048] As Figure 5 and Figure 6 shown, a first overlapping plate 108 is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, and a second overlapping plate 109 is provided on the connecting rod 202. Both the first overlapping plate 108 and the second overlapping plate 109 are annular, and the inner diameter of the first overlapping plate 108 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second overlapping plate 109.

[0049] The settings of the first overlapping plate 108 and the second overlapping plate 109 are such that when the drill body 2 moves downward relative to the cylinder body 1, finally the second overlapping plate 109 will be caught by the first overlapping plate 108, making the drill body 2 unable to move downward relative to the cylinder body 1 any further, thereby preventing the drill body 2 from moving downward excessively relative to the cylinder body 1 and also preventing the drill body 2 from falling off the cylinder body 1.

[0050] As Figure 5 shown, the drill body 2 can move upward so that the top end of the drill body 2 abuts against the bottom end of the cylinder body 1. A plurality of jet grooves 110 are provided at the top end of the drill body 2. The jet grooves 110 extend along the radial direction of the drill body 2 and are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction of the drill body 2. One end of the jet groove 110 is provided on the side wall of the drill body 2, and the distance from the other end of the jet groove 110 to the axis of the drill body 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1.

[0051] Since the drill body 2 can move upward so that the top end of the drill body 2 abuts against the bottom end of the cylinder body 1, the water entering the cylinder body 1 at this time cannot spray out from the bottom end of the cylinder body 1. The setting of the jet grooves 110 can provide a channel for the water in the cylinder body 1 to spray out. In addition, the distance from one end of the jet groove 110 to the axis of the drill body 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1, so that this end of the jet groove 110 can communicate with the inner hole of the cylinder body 1.

[0052] Finally, an installation cylinder 111 is provided at the top end of the cylinder body 1. The inner diameter of the installation cylinder 111 is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder body 1, and the outer diameter of the installation cylinder 111 is smaller than that of the cylinder body 1. The installation cylinder 111 is connected to an external second driving device, and the second driving device can drive the cylinder body 1 to rotate or lift. The setting of the installation cylinder 111 can facilitate the connection of the PDC drill bit for facilitating reaming of the present invention, and driving the PDC drill bit for facilitating reaming to rotate through the second driving device can facilitate drilling and hole diameter processing.

[0053] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PDC bit facilitating reaming, characterized in that Including: A cylinder body (1), arranged in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of receiving grooves (101) are provided on the cylinder body (1), and the plurality of receiving grooves (101) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the cylinder body (1); A drill body (2), provided on the cylinder body (1), and the drill body (2) can be slidably arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder body (1), and a plurality of diamond composite sheets (201) are provided at the bottom of the drill body (2); A plurality of diameter-expanding plates (3), corresponding to the plurality of receiving grooves (101) one by one, and the diameter-expanding plates (3) are slidably arranged in the corresponding receiving grooves (101); A plurality of transmission mechanisms, corresponding to the diameter-expanding plates (3) one by one, one end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the corresponding diameter-expanding plate (3), the other end of the transmission mechanism is connected to the drill body (2), when the drill body (2) slides downwards, it can drive the diameter-expanding plate (3) to extend out of the receiving groove (101), and when the drill body (2) slides upwards, it can drive the diameter-expanding plate (3) to be received in the receiving groove (101); A connecting rod (202) is provided at the top of the drill body (2), a guiding block (203) is provided on the side wall of the connecting rod (202), a guiding groove (102) is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder body (1), the guiding groove (102) is adapted to the guiding block (203), and the guiding block (203) is inserted into the guiding groove (102); The transmission mechanism includes a transmission groove (4), a first transmission rod (301), a second transmission rod and hydraulic oil (401), the transmission groove (4) is provided on the cylinder body (1), and the transmission groove (4) includes a horizontally arranged transverse groove (103) and a vertically arranged vertical groove (104), the first transmission rod (301) is provided on the diameter-expanding plate (3), the first transmission rod (301) is inserted into the transverse groove (103), the second transmission rod includes a cross bar (205) and a vertical bar (204) connected to each other, the cross bar (205) is connected to the connecting rod (202), the vertical bar (204) is inserted into the vertical groove (104), and the hydraulic oil (401) is filled in the transmission groove (4) between the first transmission rod (301) and the second transmission rod; 2. The PDC bit facilitating reaming according to claim 1, wherein A sliding groove (105) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body (1), the sliding groove (105) is connected to the vertical groove (104), and the sliding groove (105) is provided at the top end of the vertical groove (104), and the cross bar (205) is arranged in the sliding groove (105); 3. The PDC bit facilitating reaming according to claim 1, characterized in that, A driving rod (206) is provided at the top end of the connecting rod (202), and the top end of the driving rod (206) is connected to an external first driving device, so that the drill body (2) can move upwards under the driving of the first driving device; 4. The PDC bit facilitating reaming according to claim 1, characterized in that, A jet hole (106) is provided on the cylinder body (1), the jet hole (106) conducts the inside of the cylinder body (1) with the outside of the cylinder body (1), the connecting rod (202) can block the jet hole (106) when moving upwards, or the connecting rod (202) can release the blockage of the jet hole (106) when moving downwards.

5. The PDC bit facilitating reaming according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the connecting rod (202) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body (1). A blocking plate (207) is provided at the top end of the connecting rod (202). The blocking plate (207) is circular, and the diameter of the blocking plate (207) is the same as the diameter of the cylinder body (1), or the blocking plate (207) can be moved downward to release the blockage of the jet hole (106); a flow-through hole (208) is formed in the blocking plate (207), and a flow-through plate (107) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body (1). The blocking plate (207) can be moved upward to block the jet hole (106). At this time, the space above the blocking plate (207) is communicated with the space below the blocking plate (207) through the flow-through hole (208), or the blocking plate (207) can be moved downward to release the blockage of the jet hole (106). At this time, the flow-through plate (107) blocks the flow-through hole (208), and the space above the blocking plate (207) is isolated from the space below the blocking plate (207).

6. The PDC bit facilitating reaming according to claim 5, wherein, A first overlapping plate (108) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder body (1), and a second overlapping plate (109) is provided on the connecting rod (202). Both the first overlapping plate (108) and the second overlapping plate (109) are annular, and the inner diameter of the first overlapping plate (108) is smaller than the outer diameter of the second overlapping plate (109).

7. The PDC bit facilitating reaming according to claim 6, wherein The drill body (2) can be moved upward so that the top end of the drill body (2) abuts against the bottom end of the cylinder body (1). A plurality of jet grooves (110) are provided at the top end of the drill body (2). The jet grooves (110) extend along the radial direction of the drill body (2), and the jet grooves (110) are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the drill body (2). One end of the jet groove (110) is provided on the side wall of the drill body (2), and the distance from the other end of the jet groove (110) to the axis of the drill body (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the cylinder body (1).

8. The PDC bit facilitating reaming according to claim 1, characterized in that, An installation cylinder (111) is provided at the top end of the cylinder body (1). The inner diameter of the installation cylinder (111) is the same as the inner diameter of the cylinder body (1), and the outer diameter of the installation cylinder (111) is smaller than the cylinder body (1). The installation cylinder (111) is connected to an external second driving device, and the second driving device can drive the cylinder body (1) to rotate or lift.

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