A highway micro-grid scheduling method and system, electronic device and medium

Abstract

The application provides a highway micro-grid scheduling method, system, electronic equipment and medium, and belongs to the field of micro-grid day-ahead scheduling. The method comprises the following steps: establishing an electric operation vehicle operation constraint according to a highway topology structure, a minimum maintenance time and a maximum number of carried batteries of each electric operation vehicle; establishing a highway micro-grid operation constraint according to an electric vehicle battery replacement load and a renewable energy unit predicted output based on the battery carrying constraint; based on the electric operation vehicle operation constraint and the highway micro-grid operation constraint, taking the sum of highway micro-grid power generation loss, electric operation vehicle operation loss, wind and light abandonment penalty and electric vehicle waiting time for battery replacement as the target, establishing a highway micro-grid scheduling model, and solving to obtain a micro-grid day-ahead scheduling strategy. The application considers the energy mutual aid effect of the electric operation vehicle, combines the unit output to schedule the highway micro-grid, and improves the operation efficiency and flexibility of the highway micro-grid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of day-ahead dispatching of microgrids, and in particular to a method, system, electronic equipment and medium for dispatching highway microgrids involving electric maintenance vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, highways mostly draw power directly from low- and medium-voltage distribution networks. However, the power grid's main source is still thermal power, making this direct power generation model difficult to meet the low-carbon development requirements of the transportation system. To fully utilize the energy potential of highway system assets (such as service area rooftops and highway slopes), establishing microgrids to achieve decentralized access and effective management of distributed wind / solar renewable energy can effectively improve the green and efficient energy use of highway systems. However, due to the randomness of renewable energy production capacity and the fluctuation of energy consumption of key equipment on highways (such as electric vehicle charging and swapping loads), these microgrids all require a considerable number of energy storage devices and backup diesel generator sets. Therefore, overall, the operational economics of highway microgrids are relatively poor.

[0003] Highway operating systems are typically equipped with a certain number of maintenance vehicles to meet the needs of road maintenance and emergency rescue, but these vehicles are idle most of the time. However, current highway microgrid dispatching strategies only consider dispatching renewable energy units, diesel generator sets, and energy storage devices within the microgrid to provide power, without taking into account the energy sharing role of maintenance vehicles. This results in low operating efficiency and flexibility of highway microgrids, as well as high costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system, electronic equipment, and medium for dispatching highway microgrids, which can improve the operating efficiency and flexibility of highway microgrids and reduce operating costs.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0006] A method for dispatching a highway microgrid, wherein the highway microgrid includes renewable energy units, diesel generator sets, and multiple electric maintenance vehicles, and the method includes:

[0007] The system obtains the topology of the highway, the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle in the highway microgrid, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, the day-ahead power load of the highway microgrid, the electric vehicle battery swapping load, and the predicted output of renewable energy units.

[0008] Based on the highway topology, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, and the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle, operational constraints for the electric maintenance vehicles are established. These operational constraints include spatiotemporal state transition constraints, maintenance work requirement constraints, and battery carrying constraints.

[0009] Based on the constraints of the transport battery, and according to the electric vehicle battery swapping load and the predicted output of the renewable energy units, the operation constraints of the highway microgrid are established; the operation constraints of the highway microgrid include battery swapping inventory constraints, battery swapping charging and discharging constraints, unit output constraints, and energy balance constraints.

[0010] Based on the operating constraints of the electric maintenance vehicle and the operating constraints of the highway microgrid, a highway microgrid scheduling model is established with the goal of minimizing the sum of power generation loss of the highway microgrid, operating loss of the electric maintenance vehicle, wind and solar curtailment penalty, and waiting time for electric vehicles to swap batteries.

[0011] Solving the highway microgrid scheduling model yields the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy; the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy includes the electric maintenance vehicle's travel route, the battery swapping charging and discharging plan, the battery swapping operation plan, the output of renewable energy units, and the output of diesel generator sets.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides the following solution:

[0013] A highway microgrid dispatching system includes:

[0014] The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the topology of the highway, the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle in the highway microgrid, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, the day-ahead power load of the highway microgrid, the electric vehicle battery swapping load, and the predicted output of the renewable energy units.

[0015] The maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit, connected to the data acquisition unit, is used to establish electric maintenance vehicle operation constraints based on the highway topology, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, and the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle. The electric maintenance vehicle operation constraints include spatiotemporal state transition constraints, maintenance work requirement constraints, and battery carrying constraints.

[0016] The microgrid constraint establishment unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and the maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit, respectively, and is used to establish highway microgrid operation constraints based on the carrier battery constraints, the electric vehicle battery swapping load, and the predicted output of the renewable energy units; the highway microgrid operation constraints include battery swapping inventory constraints, battery swapping charging and discharging constraints, unit output constraints, and energy balance constraints.

[0017] The scheduling model establishment unit is connected to the maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit and the microgrid constraint establishment unit respectively. It is used to establish a highway microgrid scheduling model based on the electric maintenance vehicle operation constraints and the highway microgrid operation constraints, with the goal of minimizing the sum of highway microgrid power generation loss, electric maintenance vehicle operation loss, wind and solar curtailment penalty and electric vehicle waiting time for battery swapping.

[0018] The scheduling strategy determination unit is connected to the scheduling model establishment unit and is used to solve the highway microgrid scheduling model to obtain the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy; the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy includes the electric maintenance vehicle driving route, the battery swapping charging and discharging plan, the battery swapping operation plan, the output of renewable energy units and the output of diesel generator sets.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides the following solution:

[0020] An electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program and the processor running the computer program to enable the electronic device to perform the above-described highway microgrid scheduling method.

[0021] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention also provides the following solution:

[0022] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described highway microgrid scheduling method.

[0023] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] This invention aims to minimize the sum of power generation losses in highway microgrids, operating losses of electric maintenance vehicles, wind and solar curtailment penalties, and battery swapping waiting times for electric vehicles. It constructs a scheduling model by combining the operating constraints of electric maintenance vehicles and highway microgrids, and solves for the day-ahead scheduling strategy of the microgrid. Under the premise of meeting the highway maintenance needs of electric maintenance vehicles, it optimizes the scheduling of electric maintenance vehicles to achieve flexible battery transfer between highway microgrids. Furthermore, it coordinates with the scheduling of renewable energy units and diesel generator sets within the microgrid to achieve energy mutual support and efficient operation of the microgrid group, thereby improving the self-sufficiency rate, operating efficiency, and flexibility of renewable energy supply in the highway system. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the highway microgrid scheduling method of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the modules of the highway microgrid dispatching system of the present invention.

[0028] Symbol explanation:

[0029] Data acquisition unit-1, maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit-2, microgrid constraint establishment unit-3, scheduling model establishment unit-4, scheduling strategy determination unit-5. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system, electronic equipment, and medium for dispatching highway microgrids. Under the premise of meeting the highway operation and maintenance needs of electric maintenance vehicles, it optimizes the dispatching of electric maintenance vehicles to achieve flexible transfer of batteries between highway microgrids, and coordinates with the dispatching of renewable energy units, diesel generator sets, and energy storage devices of each microgrid to achieve the goal of energy mutual assistance and efficient operation of the microgrid group.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a highway microgrid scheduling method, including:

[0035] S1: Obtain the topology of the highway, the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle in the highway microgrid, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, the day-ahead power load of the highway microgrid, the electric vehicle battery swapping load, and the predicted output of renewable energy units.

[0036] S2: Based on the highway topology, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, and the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle, establish the operating constraints for the electric maintenance vehicles. These operating constraints include spatiotemporal state transition constraints, maintenance work requirement constraints, and battery carrying constraints.

[0037] S3: Based on the constraints of the transport battery, and according to the electric vehicle battery swapping load and the predicted output of the renewable energy units, establish the operating constraints of the highway microgrid. The operating constraints of the highway microgrid include battery swapping inventory constraints, battery swapping charge / discharge constraints, unit output constraints, and energy balance constraints.

[0038] S4: Based on the operating constraints of the electric maintenance vehicle and the operating constraints of the highway microgrid, a highway microgrid scheduling model is established with the goal of minimizing the sum of power generation loss of the highway microgrid, operating loss of the electric maintenance vehicle, wind and solar curtailment penalties, and waiting time for electric vehicles to swap batteries.

[0039] S5: Solve the highway microgrid scheduling model to obtain the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy. The microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy includes the electric maintenance vehicle's travel route, the battery charging and discharging plan, the battery operation plan, the output of renewable energy units, and the output of diesel generator sets.

[0040] In practical applications, the input conditions for the highway microgrid dispatch model include the highway network topology, the day-ahead conventional power load of the highway microgrid, the day-ahead electric vehicle battery swapping load of the highway microgrid, the predicted output of renewable energy units in the highway microgrid, and the configuration information of each device in the highway microgrid. The solver solves the highway microgrid dispatch model and can output dispatch information such as the electric maintenance vehicle driving route, the battery swapping charging and discharging and transfer plan, and the start-up, shutdown, and output (active power) of the microgrid renewable energy units and diesel generator sets.

[0041] Specifically, the objective function of the highway microgrid scheduling model is:

[0042] MinimizeC total = C de + C tran + C cur + C wait ; (1)

[0043] ; (2)

[0044] ; (3)

[0045] ; (4)

[0046] ; (5)

[0047] ; (6)

[0048] in, C total The objective function value, C de For microgrid power generation losses, C tran The operating losses of electric maintenance vehicles are related to the length of the travel route and the speed of the vehicle. C cur As punishment for abandoning wind and light, C wait Waiting time for electric vehicles to be swapped C die For diesel prices, P a,u,t for t Highway microgrids a medium diesel generator set u The magnitude of the output, For highway microgrids a medium diesel generator set u The maximum output value, c 1 is the coefficient of the first polynomial. c 2 is the coefficient of the second polynomial. C k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Time period mn Road wear and tear, For road section mn Maximum permitted number of driving periods For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Time period mn When selecting a road segment i A binary variable for each speed gear; if selected, then... =1, otherwise =0, For electric maintenance vehicles k Passing section mn The minimum driving loss per unit time period, I k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Has the time period passed? mn The binary variable of the road segment, if electric maintenance vehicle k exist t Time period mn Sections of road, I k,mn,t =1, otherwise I k,mn,t =0, Pre a,v,t for tHighway microgrids a China Renewable Energy Units v Theoretical maximum output, P a,v,t for t Highway microgrids a China Renewable Energy Units v Dispatch output, for t During the period of highway microgrid a The number of electric vehicles that failed to complete battery swapping.

[0049] Further, step S2 includes:

[0050] 1) Based on the highway topology, spatiotemporal state transition constraints are determined. These constraints are used to balance the network flow of the highway. This invention employs the principle of network flow balancing to establish a dynamic spatiotemporal network model compatible with differentiated delay times to describe the spatiotemporal state transition constraints of the electric maintenance vehicle, accurately characterizing its spatiotemporal transition flexibility.

[0051] The spatiotemporal state transition constraints are:

[0052] ; (7)

[0053] ; (8)

[0054] ; (9)

[0055] ; (10)

[0056] ; (11)

[0057] ;(12)

[0058] (13)

[0059] ;(14)

[0060] in, I k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Has the time period passed? mn Binary variables of road segments I k,mn,1 Electric maintenance vehicles for the initial period k Does it pass through this section of road? mn binary variables, I k,mn,NTElectric maintenance vehicles for the final period k Does it pass through this section of road? mn binary variables, NT For the final period, A For all sections of the highway microgrid, For highway microgrids a The starting point of the route, To reach the highway microgrid a The section of road, I k,a,1 Electric maintenance vehicles for the initial period k Is it parked on the highway microgrid? a binary variables, I k,a,NT Electric maintenance vehicles for the final period k Is it parked on the highway microgrid? a binary variables, U k,mn,t for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k Whether it is entered from other road sections mn binary variables, M It is a constant. For electric maintenance vehicles to pass through the section of road mn The longest allowed time For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Time period mn When selecting a road segment i A binary variable representing each speed gear. This is the time period sequence number, and its value is... .

[0061] Formulas (7)-(12) represent the network flow balance constraints in the dynamic spatiotemporal network model. This invention also considers that the maintenance vehicle may use different speed gears during operation, so formulas (13) and (14) are added to complete the construction of a dynamic spatiotemporal network model that is compatible with different delay times.

[0062] 2) Determine the spatiotemporal state information of the electric maintenance vehicle based on the aforementioned spatiotemporal state transition constraints. The spatiotemporal state information of the electric maintenance vehicle can be obtained through these constraints. I k,mn,t ,right I k,mn,t Analysis can yield operational information for electric maintenance vehicles and marker variables indicating when these vehicles arrive at the microgrid for battery swapping. u k,m,t This establishes constraints on the requirements of operation and maintenance work.

[0063] 3) Determine the maintenance information of the electric maintenance vehicle based on its spatiotemporal status information, and determine the maintenance work requirement constraints based on the electric maintenance vehicle's maintenance information and the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid. These maintenance work requirement constraints are used to ensure that the electric maintenance vehicle patrols all roads within the scheduled time and that the electric maintenance vehicle stops for maintenance within the highway microgrid.

[0064] The requirements for operation and maintenance work are constrained as follows:

[0065] ; (15)

[0066] ; (16)

[0067] ; (17)

[0068] in, I mn Whether the electric maintenance vehicle passes through the section of road mn binary variables, I k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Has the time period passed? mn Binary variables of road segments A mn This refers to the number of road segments in a highway. For highway microgrids a The lower limit of the maintenance time window. For highway microgrids a The upper limit of the maintenance time window. O a For highway microgrids a Minimum maintenance time.

[0069] Formulas (15) and (16) indicate that the maintenance vehicle needs to inspect all roads within the scheduling time, and formula (17) indicates that the maintenance vehicle needs to stop and perform maintenance in a certain service area microgrid.

[0070] 4) Determine the flag variables for the electric maintenance vehicle to arrive at the highway microgrid for battery swapping based on the spatiotemporal state information, and determine the battery carrying constraints based on the flag variables and the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle.

[0071] The constraints for transporting batteries are:

[0072] ; (18)

[0073] ; (19)

[0074] ; (20)

[0075] ; (twenty one)

[0076] ; (twenty two)

[0077] ; (twenty three)

[0078] ; (twenty four)

[0079] in, for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k Number of fully charged batteries installed. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k The number of empty batteries installed. C K For electric maintenance vehicles k Maximum number of batteries that can be carried. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k With highway microgrid a The number of fully charged batteries exchanged. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k With highway microgrid a The number of empty batteries exchanged. u k,a,t for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k Does it reach the highway microgrid? a Binary variables for battery swapping. I k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Has the time period passed? mn Binary variables of road segments To reach the highway microgrid a The section of road, Electric maintenance vehicle at the initial moment k The number of fully charged batteries installed. Electric maintenance vehicle at the initial moment k The number of empty batteries installed. Electric maintenance vehicles for last-minute operations k The number of fully charged batteries installed. Electric maintenance vehicles for last-minute operations k The number of empty batteries loaded.

[0080] Formula (18) indicates that the sum of the number of fully charged and empty batteries loaded on the electric maintenance vehicle is less than the carrying capacity of the electric maintenance vehicle. Formulas (19) and (20) indicate that... t The number of fully charged / empty batteries carried by the electric maintenance vehicle during a given time period is equal to the number of fully charged / empty batteries carried in the previous time period. t The sum of the number of fully charged / empty batteries exchanged between the electric maintenance vehicle and the microgrid during the time period. Formulas (21) and (22) limit the number of fully charged and empty batteries exchanged between the electric maintenance vehicle and the microgrid. Formula (23) represents the battery swapping indicator variable. u k,a,t Spatiotemporal status information of electric maintenance vehicles I k,mn,t The connection is shown in Formula (24), which indicates that the number of batteries loaded on the electric maintenance vehicle is equal at the beginning and end of the day.

[0081] Furthermore, in step S3, the variables are based on the electric maintenance vehicle arriving at the highway microgrid for battery swapping in step 2. and Establish battery swapping inventory constraints:

[0082] (25)

[0083] (26)

[0084] ;(27)

[0085] in, for t Highway microgrids a The inventory quantity of Zhongman Battery. for t Highway microgrids a Inventory quantity of hollow batteries, For the charging efficiency of swappable batteries. For the discharge efficiency of swappable batteries. for t Highway microgrids a The total charging power of the battery in the swapping system. for t Highway microgrids a The total discharge power of the battery in the middle of the battery swapping process. The quantity after converting the unit of scheduling time into hours. E B The capacity of a single swappable battery. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k With highway microgrid aThe number of fully charged batteries exchanged. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k With highway microgrid a The number of empty batteries exchanged. for t Highway microgrids a The number of electric vehicles waiting for battery swapping. for t Highway microgrids a The number of electric vehicles in China that failed to have their batteries swapped in time For the initial moment of the highway microgrid a The number of fully charged batteries installed. For the initial moment of the highway microgrid a The number of empty batteries installed. For end-time highway microgrids a The number of fully charged batteries installed. For end-time highway microgrids a The number of empty batteries loaded.

[0086] Formula (25) means t Highway microgrids a Zhongman Battery's inventory quantity equals t -1 Time Period Highway Microgrid a Zhongman Battery inventory plus t Highway microgrids a The number of newly fully charged batteries minus t Highway microgrids a The number of fully charged batteries used for swapping with electric maintenance vehicles minus t Time period to travel to highway microgrid a The number of electric vehicles using battery swapping. Formula (26) represents... t Highway microgrids a Hollow cell battery inventory quantity equals t -1 Time Period Highway Microgrid a Hollow cell battery inventory plus t Highway microgrids a The number of newly discharged batteries minus t Highway microgrids a The number of empty batteries swapped with electric maintenance vehicles plus t Time period to travel to highway microgrid a The number of electric vehicles that require battery swapping. Formula (27) indicates that the number of batteries in the microgrid is equal at the beginning and end of the day.

[0087] In highway microgrids, battery swapping systems can meet the battery swapping needs of electric vehicles and also play a role in peak shaving and valley filling through charging and discharging, reducing the impact of source-load fluctuations. The charging and discharging of these batteries is affected by the number of batteries in stock, the number of charging slots, and the maximum charging and discharging power of the batteries. In this embodiment, the charging and discharging constraints of the battery swapping systems are as follows:

[0088] ; (28)

[0089] ; (29)

[0090] ; (30)

[0091] ; (31)

[0092] ; (32)

[0093] ; (33)

[0094] ; (34)

[0095] ; (35)

[0096] ; (36)

[0097] ; (37)

[0098] in, The maximum charging power for a single battery swapping unit. This represents the maximum discharge power of a single battery swapping unit. for t Highway microgrids a A binary variable indicating whether the battery is charging; if so, then... =1, otherwise =0, for t Highway microgrids a A binary variable indicating whether the battery in the swap unit is discharging; if so, then... =1, otherwise =0, for t Highway microgrids a The number of empty batteries in the charging slot for t Highway microgrids a Number of fully charged batteries in the charging slot For highway microgridsa The number of batteries the charging slot can hold. for t Highway microgrids a Number of fully charged batteries before battery swapping for t Highway microgrids a Minimum number of fully charged batteries, for t Highway microgrids a Maximum number of fully charged batteries.

[0099] Formulas (28) and (29) indicate that the total charging and discharging power of the battery swapping system in the microgrid is limited by the maximum charging and discharging power of a single battery swapping unit and the number of batteries in the charging slot. Formula (30) indicates that the battery swapping unit can only be in a discharging or charging state at the same time. Formulas (31)-(34) indicate that... t The number of batteries in the microgrid charging slot during a given period is not only less than the number of batteries the charging slot can hold, but also less than... t -1 represents the microgrid battery inventory quantity during the period. Formulas (35)-(37) indicate t The number of batteries fully charged in a microgrid during a given time period cannot exceed t Inventory quantity of empty batteries in the microgrid during the -1 period.

[0100] The unit output constraints include the output constraints of diesel generator sets and the output constraints of renewable energy generator sets.

[0101] The output constraint of the diesel generator set is:

[0102] ; (38)

[0103] in, For highway microgrids a medium diesel generator set u The upper limit of power generation capacity, For highway microgrids a medium diesel generator set u The lower limit of power generation capacity, P a,u,t for t Highway microgrids a medium diesel generator set u The output state variable, I a,u,t for t Highway microgrids a medium diesel generator set u The running state variables.

[0104] The output constraints for renewable energy units are:

[0105] (39)

[0106] The energy balance constraint is:

[0107] ; (40)

[0108] in, Pd a,t for t Highway microgrids a The normal load power.

[0109] This invention, while meeting the highway maintenance needs of electric maintenance vehicles, optimizes the scheduling of these vehicles to achieve flexible battery transfer between highway microgrids. It also coordinates with the scheduling of renewable energy units, diesel generator sets, and energy storage devices within each microgrid to achieve energy mutual support and efficient operation of the microgrid cluster. This improves the self-sufficiency rate of renewable energy supply in the highway system and plays a crucial supporting role in realizing green and efficient energy use on highways. Simultaneously, the introduction of a multi-objective function reduces microgrid operating costs, lowers the operating losses of electric maintenance vehicles, and reduces the waiting time for electric vehicle users to swap batteries.

[0110] Example 2

[0111] In order to implement the method corresponding to Embodiment 1 above and achieve the corresponding functions and technical effects, a highway microgrid dispatching system is provided below.

[0112] like Figure 2 As shown, the highway microgrid scheduling system provided in this embodiment includes: a data acquisition unit 1, a maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit 2, a microgrid constraint establishment unit 3, a scheduling model establishment unit 4, and a scheduling strategy determination unit 5.

[0113] Data acquisition unit 1 is used to acquire the topology of the highway, the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle in the highway microgrid, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, the day-ahead power load of the highway microgrid, the electric vehicle battery swapping load, and the predicted output of renewable energy units.

[0114] The maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit 2 is connected to the data acquisition unit 1. The maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit 2 is used to establish electric maintenance vehicle operation constraints based on the highway topology, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, and the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle. The electric maintenance vehicle operation constraints include spatiotemporal state transition constraints, maintenance work requirement constraints, and battery carrying constraints.

[0115] The microgrid constraint establishment unit 3 is connected to both the data acquisition unit 1 and the maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit 2. The microgrid constraint establishment unit 3 is used to establish highway microgrid operation constraints based on the vehicle battery constraints, the electric vehicle battery swapping load, and the predicted output of the renewable energy units. The highway microgrid operation constraints include battery swapping inventory constraints, battery swapping charge / discharge constraints, unit output constraints, and energy balance constraints.

[0116] The scheduling model establishment unit 4 is connected to the maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit 2 and the microgrid constraint establishment unit 3 respectively. The scheduling model establishment unit 4 is used to establish a highway microgrid scheduling model based on the electric maintenance vehicle operation constraints and the highway microgrid operation constraints, with the goal of minimizing the sum of highway microgrid power generation loss, electric maintenance vehicle operation loss, wind and solar curtailment penalties and electric vehicle waiting time for battery swapping.

[0117] The scheduling strategy determination unit 5 is connected to the scheduling model establishment unit 4. The scheduling strategy determination unit 5 is used to solve the highway microgrid scheduling model to obtain the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy. The microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy includes the electric maintenance vehicle's travel route, the battery swapping charging and discharging plan, the battery swapping operation plan, the output of renewable energy units, and the output of diesel generator sets.

[0118] Compared with the prior art, the highway microgrid dispatching system provided in this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the highway microgrid dispatching method provided in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0119] Example 3

[0120] This embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor. The memory is used to store computer programs, and the processor runs the computer programs to enable the electronic device to execute the highway microgrid scheduling method of Embodiment 1.

[0121] Alternatively, the aforementioned electronic device may be a server.

[0122] In addition, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the highway microgrid scheduling method of Embodiment 1.

[0123] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0124] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for dispatching a highway microgrid, wherein the highway microgrid includes renewable energy units, diesel generator sets, and multiple electric maintenance vehicles, characterized in that, The highway microgrid scheduling method includes: The system obtains the topology of the highway, the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle in the highway microgrid, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, the day-ahead power load of the highway microgrid, the electric vehicle battery swapping load, and the predicted output of renewable energy units. Based on the highway topology, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, and the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle, operational constraints for the electric maintenance vehicles are established. These operational constraints include spatiotemporal state transition constraints, maintenance work requirement constraints, and battery carrying constraints. Based on the constraints of the transport battery, and according to the electric vehicle battery swapping load and the predicted output of the renewable energy units, the operation constraints of the highway microgrid are established; the operation constraints of the highway microgrid include battery swapping inventory constraints, battery swapping charging and discharging constraints, unit output constraints, and energy balance constraints. Based on the operating constraints of the electric maintenance vehicle and the operating constraints of the highway microgrid, a highway microgrid scheduling model is established with the goal of minimizing the sum of power generation loss of the highway microgrid, operating loss of the electric maintenance vehicle, wind and solar curtailment penalty, and waiting time for electric vehicles to swap batteries. Solving the highway microgrid scheduling model yields the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy; the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy includes the electric maintenance vehicle's travel route, the battery swapping charging and discharging plan, the battery swapping operation plan, the output of renewable energy units, and the output of diesel generator sets.

2. The highway microgrid dispatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The objective function of the highway microgrid scheduling model is: MinimizeC total = C de + C tran + C cur + C wait ； ； ； ； ； in, C total The objective function value, C de For microgrid power generation losses, C tran For the operating wear and tear of electric maintenance vehicles, C cur As punishment for abandoning wind and light, C wait Waiting time for electric vehicles to be swapped C die For diesel prices, P a,u,t for t Highway microgrids a medium diesel generator set u The magnitude of the output, For highway microgrids a medium diesel generator set u The maximum output value, c 1 is the coefficient of the first polynomial. c 2 is the coefficient of the second polynomial. C k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Time period mn Road wear and tear, I k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Has the time period passed? mn Binary variables of road segments Pre a,v,t for t Highway microgrids a China Renewable Energy Units v Theoretical maximum output, P a,v,t for t Highway microgrids a China Renewable Energy Units v Dispatch output, for t During the period of highway microgrid a The number of electric vehicles that failed to complete battery swapping.

3. The highway microgrid dispatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the highway topology, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, and the maximum number of batteries each electric maintenance vehicle can carry, operational constraints for the electric maintenance vehicles are established, specifically including: Based on the highway topology, spatiotemporal state transition constraints are determined; these constraints are used to balance the network flow of the highway. Based on the spatiotemporal state transition constraints, the spatiotemporal state information of the electric maintenance vehicle is determined; The maintenance information of the electric maintenance vehicle is determined based on the spatiotemporal status information of the electric maintenance vehicle, and the maintenance work requirement constraint is determined based on the maintenance information of the electric maintenance vehicle and the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid. The maintenance work requirement constraint is used to ensure that the electric maintenance vehicle patrols all roads within the scheduling time and that the electric maintenance vehicle stops for maintenance in the highway microgrid. Based on the spatiotemporal state information, a flag variable is determined for the electric maintenance vehicle to arrive at the highway microgrid for battery swapping. Based on the flag variable and the maximum number of batteries that each electric maintenance vehicle can carry, a battery carrying constraint is determined.

4. The highway microgrid dispatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatiotemporal state transition constraint is: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； ； in, I k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Has the time period passed? mn Binary variables of road segments I k,mn,1 Electric maintenance vehicles for the initial period k Does it pass through this section of road? mn binary variables, I k,mn,NT Electric maintenance vehicles for the final period k Does it pass through this section of road? mn binary variables, NT For the final period, A For all sections of the highway microgrid, For highway microgrids a The starting point of the route, To reach the highway microgrid a The section of road, I k,a,1 Electric maintenance vehicles for the initial period k Is it parked on the highway microgrid? a binary variables, I k,a,NT Electric maintenance vehicles for the final period k Is it parked on the highway microgrid? a binary variables, U k,mn,t for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k Whether it is entered from other road sections mn binary variables, M It is a constant. For electric maintenance vehicles to pass through the section of road mn The longest allowed time For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Time period mn When selecting a road segment i A binary variable representing each speed gear. This is the time period sequence number, and its value is... .

5. The highway microgrid dispatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constraints for the operation and maintenance work requirements are as follows: ； ； ； in, M It is a constant. I mn Whether the electric maintenance vehicle passes through the section of road mn binary variables, I k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Has the time period passed? mn Binary variables of road segments A mn This refers to the number of road segments in a highway. For highway microgrids a The lower limit of the maintenance time window. For highway microgrids a The upper limit of the maintenance time window. O a For highway microgrids a Minimum maintenance time.

6. The highway microgrid dispatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constraints on the carrier battery are: ； ； ； ； ； ； ； in, for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k The number of fully charged batteries installed. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k The number of empty batteries installed. C K For electric maintenance vehicles k Maximum number of batteries that can be carried. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k With highway microgrid a The number of fully charged batteries exchanged. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k With highway microgrid a The number of empty batteries exchanged. u k,a,t for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k Does it reach the highway microgrid? a Binary variables for battery swapping. I k,mn,t For electric maintenance vehicles k exist t Has the time period passed? mn Binary variables of road segments To reach the highway microgrid a The section of road, Electric maintenance vehicle at the initial moment k The number of fully charged batteries installed. Electric maintenance vehicle at the initial moment k The number of empty batteries installed. Electric maintenance vehicles for last-minute operations k The number of fully charged batteries installed. Electric maintenance vehicles for last-minute operations k The number of empty batteries loaded.

7. The highway microgrid dispatching method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery inventory constraint for battery swapping is: ； ； ； in, for t Highway microgrids a The inventory quantity of Zhongman Battery. for t Highway microgrids a Inventory quantity of hollow batteries, For the charging efficiency of swappable batteries. For the discharge efficiency of swappable batteries. for t Highway microgrids a The total charging power of the battery in the swapping system. for t Highway microgrids a The total discharge power of the battery in the middle of the battery swapping process. The quantity after converting the unit of scheduling time into hours. E B The capacity of a single swappable battery. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k With highway microgrid a The number of fully charged batteries exchanged. for t Electric maintenance vehicle during designated hours k With highway microgrid a The number of empty batteries exchanged. for t Highway microgrids a The number of electric vehicles waiting for battery swapping. for t Highway microgrids a The number of electric vehicles in China that failed to have their batteries swapped in time For the initial moment of the highway microgrid a The number of fully charged batteries installed. For the initial moment of the highway microgrid a The number of empty batteries installed. For end-time highway microgrids a The number of fully charged batteries installed. For end-time highway microgrids a The number of empty batteries loaded.

8. A highway microgrid dispatching system, characterized in that, The highway microgrid dispatching system includes: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire the topology of the highway, the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle in the highway microgrid, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, the day-ahead power load of the highway microgrid, the electric vehicle battery swapping load, and the predicted output of the renewable energy units. The maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit, connected to the data acquisition unit, is used to establish electric maintenance vehicle operation constraints based on the highway topology, the minimum maintenance time of the highway microgrid, and the maximum number of batteries carried by each electric maintenance vehicle. The electric maintenance vehicle operation constraints include spatiotemporal state transition constraints, maintenance work requirement constraints, and battery carrying constraints. The microgrid constraint establishment unit is connected to the data acquisition unit and the maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit, respectively, and is used to establish highway microgrid operation constraints based on the carrier battery constraints, the electric vehicle battery swapping load, and the predicted output of the renewable energy units; the highway microgrid operation constraints include battery swapping inventory constraints, battery swapping charging and discharging constraints, unit output constraints, and energy balance constraints. The scheduling model establishment unit is connected to the maintenance vehicle constraint establishment unit and the microgrid constraint establishment unit respectively. It is used to establish a highway microgrid scheduling model based on the electric maintenance vehicle operation constraints and the highway microgrid operation constraints, with the goal of minimizing the sum of highway microgrid power generation loss, electric maintenance vehicle operation loss, wind and solar curtailment penalty and electric vehicle waiting time for battery swapping. The scheduling strategy determination unit is connected to the scheduling model establishment unit and is used to solve the highway microgrid scheduling model to obtain the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy; the microgrid day-ahead scheduling strategy includes the electric maintenance vehicle driving route, the battery swapping charging and discharging plan, the battery swapping operation plan, the output of renewable energy units and the output of diesel generator sets.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The device includes a memory and a processor, the memory being used to store a computer program, and the processor running the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the highway microgrid scheduling method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the highway microgrid scheduling method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images