A phase-controllable multi-port solar module and its regulation method

Abstract

This invention discloses a phase-controllable multi-port solar module and its adjustment method. The module includes: several power generation areas; each power generation area is connected to a PWM generator, and the power generation areas are not electrically connected to each other; several component ports corresponding to the power generation areas are connected to a load; a power generation module is used to convert light energy into electrical energy; and an impedance matching circuit is used to receive the on / off pulses output by the PWM generator and adjust the output impedance and the phase of the output terminal. Using this embodiment of the invention, the phase and on / off time of the output voltage of the power generation area are adjusted by the impedance matching circuit, thereby adjusting the output impedance to achieve impedance matching and improve power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solar energy, and more particularly to a phase-controllable multi-port solar module and its adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid deterioration of the global climate and the frequent shortages of non-renewable energy sources such as natural gas, coal, and oil, energy issues are increasingly becoming a bottleneck restricting the economic development of the international community. Developing solar energy resources has become a new driving force for economic development, with renewable energy as the primary objective. Driven by the huge potential of the international photovoltaic market, the solar energy industry in various countries has developed rapidly, including my country. Currently, photovoltaic construction is in full swing, with large-scale power plants growing rapidly. However, with the large-scale deployment of photovoltaic power plants, their operation has become particularly important. How to maximize the power generation of photovoltaic power plants and extend their generating time has become a core issue. Existing technologies generally use a series-parallel connection method for power generation modules, which means that the power generation potential of all modules within the solar panel cannot be fully utilized, and the overall power generation efficiency is largely determined by the worst-performing module. At the same time, current photovoltaic systems only have simple electrical connections between different areas of the solar panels, without considering the impact of phase differences between different areas of the solar panel on system energy efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a phase-controllable multi-port solar module and its adjustment method to solve the technical problem of low power generation efficiency of existing solar modules due to electrical connection relationships and failure to consider phase differences.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a phase-controllable multi-port solar module, comprising: a plurality of power generation zones;

[0005] The plurality of power generation areas are respectively connected to the PWM generator, and the plurality of power generation areas are not electrically connected to each other. The plurality of component ports corresponding to the plurality of power generation areas are connected to the load.

[0006] Each of the several power generation areas includes a power generation module and an impedance matching circuit; wherein, the power generation module is connected to the first input terminal of the impedance matching circuit, the second input terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the PWM generator, and the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the load.

[0007] The power generation module is used to convert light energy into electrical energy;

[0008] The impedance matching circuit is used to receive the on / off pulses output by the PWM generator and adjust the output impedance and the phase of the output terminal according to the on / off pulses.

[0009] The power generation area of ​​this invention is independently connected to the PWM generator, and there is no electrical connection between them. The phase and on / off time of the output voltage of the power generation area can be adjusted according to the working signal output by the processor and the on / off pulse of the PWM generator, combined with the impedance matching circuit, thereby adjusting the output impedance to achieve impedance matching and improve power generation efficiency.

[0010] Furthermore, the impedance matching circuit includes a switching transistor, a diode, and an inductor;

[0011] The first end of the switching transistor is connected to the power generation module;

[0012] The second terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the negative terminal of the diode and the first terminal of the inductor;

[0013] The control terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the PWM generator;

[0014] The second end of the inductor is connected to the first end of the load;

[0015] The positive terminal of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the load.

[0016] This invention uses a switching transistor to control the phase of the output voltage and the magnitude of the output resistance in the power generation area, and combines this with an inductor that stores electrical energy to generate electricity, thereby achieving impedance matching between the inside and outside of the power generation area and improving power generation efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the impedance matching circuit further includes: a first capacitor;

[0018] Wherein, the first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the power generation module and the first terminal of the switching transistor;

[0019] The second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the power generation module and the circuit ground.

[0020] Furthermore, the impedance matching circuit further includes: a second capacitor;

[0021] Wherein, the first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the inductor and the first terminal of the load;

[0022] The second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the diode and the second terminal of the load.

[0023] The first and second capacitors in this invention act as filter capacitors, which can reduce the AC ripple coefficient and improve the working performance of the power generation area.

[0024] Furthermore, adjusting the output impedance according to the on / off pulse specifically involves:

[0025] Based on the on / off pulses, the conduction time of the switching transistor is adjusted and the output impedance is changed to achieve impedance matching between the internal and external ports of the component.

[0026] Furthermore, the PWM generator is connected to the processor; wherein the PWM generator is used to receive the working signal of the processor, and output on / off pulses with the required duty cycle to the impedance matching circuit according to the working signal, so as to adjust the phase of the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit.

[0027] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for adjusting a phase-controllable multi-port solar module, applicable to any one of the phase-controllable multi-port solar modules described in the embodiments of the present invention, comprising:

[0028] Based on the power generation status of the ports of the aforementioned power generation areas, a working signal is sent to the PWM generator. By changing the duty cycle of the on / off pulses of the PWM generator, the output impedance of the power generation area and the phase of the output terminal of the power generation area are adjusted.

[0029] Further, the step of sending a working signal to the PWM generator based on the power generation status of the ports of the plurality of power generation areas, and adjusting the output impedance of the power generation area and the phase of the output terminal of the power generation area by changing the duty cycle of the on / off pulse of the PWM generator, includes:

[0030] When the internal resistance of the power generation unit decreases as the light intensity increases, or when the internal resistance of the power generation unit increases as the light intensity decreases, the operating signal is adjusted and sent to the PWM generator so that the PWM generator, according to the operating signal, adjusts the duty cycle and phase of the output on / off pulses to match the output impedance with the load impedance.

[0031] This invention allows the processor to send a working signal to a PWM generator when the light intensity changes, so that the PWM generator can adjust the output impedance of the power generation area through on / off pulses, thereby achieving impedance matching inside and outside the power generation area and improving power generation efficiency.

[0032] Furthermore, the step of sending a working signal to the PWM generator based on the power generation status of the ports of the plurality of power generation regions, and adjusting the output impedance of the power generation region and the phase of the output terminal of the power generation region by changing the duty cycle of the on / off pulse of the PWM generator, further includes:

[0033] When one or more of the power generation regions are damaged, the phase of the on / off pulse output by the PWM generator is adjusted according to the working signal so that the output voltage of the remaining power generation regions forms a vector closed loop.

[0034] Furthermore, the formation of the vector closed loop specifically means that the vectors corresponding to the output voltages are connected end to end to form a closed loop.

[0035] When individual power generation areas are damaged, the processor adjusts the phase of the output voltage of the remaining power generation areas through a PWM generator to maintain a preset phase relationship, thereby maximizing the output power and improving power generation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an existing phase-controllable multi-port solar module for a solar power plant;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the power generation capacity of existing solar modules;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the actual power generation capacity of existing solar modules;

[0039] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the phase-controllable multi-port solar module provided by the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 A schematic diagram illustrating the actual power generation capacity of the phase-controllable multi-port solar module provided by the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the on / off time of the switching transistor in the phase-controllable multi-port solar module provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a power generation area according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the output voltage of the power generation area provided by the present invention;

[0044] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the equivalent circuit of the power generation area provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of another embodiment of the equivalent circuit of the power generation region provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 This is a vector diagram of the output voltage of the power generation area provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 This diagram illustrates an existing phase-controllable multi-port solar module for a solar power plant. 1 represents a solar-powered silicon wafer (or other power-generating material unit, hereinafter the same); 2 represents conductive connecting wires that connect different silicon wafers in series and parallel; and 3 represents the output port. After all the solar modules are connected, the output is transmitted through output port 3, which is typically a junction box.

[0049] However, the power generation capacity of each silicon wafer inside a solar module is not the same; even modules from the same manufacturer and batch may have different power generation capacities. Please refer to... Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the power generation capacity of existing solar panels. Five power generation modules are used to represent the different power generation modules within a solar panel. This does not mean that each solar panel has only five power generation modules. Figure 2 In the diagram, modules 1 through 5 have different power generation capacities; the height of the rectangles 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, and 2-5 represents the power generation capacity of different modules, with higher rectangles indicating stronger power generation. If the internal connections of the solar modules are as follows... Figure 1 As shown, the power generation potential of all the modules within a solar panel cannot be fully realized; its overall power generation efficiency is largely determined by the worst-performing module. Therefore, the power generation capacity of the entire solar panel is as follows: Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 This diagram illustrates the actual power generation capacity of existing solar modules, with the shaded area representing the total power generation of the entire photovoltaic solar module. Because the power generation capacity of a solar module is more determined by the module with the lowest power generation capacity, the power generation potential of photovoltaic solar modules is not fully realized. Furthermore, current photovoltaic systems only have simple electrical connections between solar modules, failing to consider the impact of phase differences between modules on system efficiency. This invention proposes a phase-controllable multi-port solar module to address these problems.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Please refer to Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the phase-controllable multi-port solar module provided by the present invention, including: several power generation areas.

[0052] The plurality of power generation areas are respectively connected to the PWM generator, and the plurality of power generation areas are not electrically connected to each other. The plurality of component ports corresponding to the plurality of power generation areas are connected to the load.

[0053] Each of the several power generation areas includes a power generation module and an impedance matching circuit; wherein, the power generation module is connected to the first input terminal of the impedance matching circuit, the second input terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the PWM generator, and the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the load.

[0054] The power generation module is used to convert light energy into electrical energy;

[0055] The impedance matching circuit is used to receive the on / off pulses output by the PWM generator and adjust the output impedance and the phase of the output terminal according to the on / off pulses.

[0056] In this embodiment, the phase-controllable multi-port solar module includes multiple power generation areas, each independently connected to a PWM generator, without any electrical connection between them; please refer to... Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the on / off time of the switching transistor in a phase-controllable multi-port solar module provided by the present invention. The PWM generator can output on / off pulses with different duty cycles and phases for different power generation regions; Figure 6 In this context, t1, t2, t3, and t4 are four independent time parameters, which respectively represent... Figure 5 The on-time of the switching transistor is represented by 5-5 to 5-8. These four time parameters are independent of each other.

[0057] Please refer to Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the actual power generation capacity of the phase-controllable multi-port solar module provided by the present invention. The processor can send a working signal to the PWM generator according to the power generation status of the output port of each power generation area to achieve impedance balance of each power generation area, avoid the phase-controllable multi-port solar module being limited by the minimum power generation capacity of a certain power generation area, and achieve maximum output power.

[0058] In this embodiment, Figure 4 The phase-controllable multi-port solar module includes four power generation zones, but in practice, the number of power generation zones can be less than or more than four, and the number of power generation zones can be set according to the required power generation and cost.

[0059] In this embodiment, the power generation module includes multiple power generation modules, and the power generation modules of the same power generation module are connected to each other and connected to the impedance matching circuit through the same port; Figure 4Ports 5-1 to 5-4 are the four ports connecting the power generation modules to the impedance matching circuit.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 7 The diagram shows a structural schematic of an embodiment of the power generation area provided by the present invention, which mainly includes: a switch Q1, a diode D1 and an inductor L1.

[0061] The first end of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the power generation module;

[0062] The second terminal of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D1 and the first terminal of the inductor L1;

[0063] The control terminal of the switching transistor Q1 is connected to the PWM generator;

[0064] The second terminal of the inductor L1 is connected to the first terminal of the load;

[0065] The positive terminal of diode D1 is connected to the second terminal of the load.

[0066] In this embodiment, the processor sends working signals containing different operating parameters to the PWM generator so that the PWM outputs on / off pulses with different duty cycles and phases to the switching transistor Q1, thereby adjusting the output impedance of the power generation region through the impedance matching circuit to achieve the purpose of maximum power matching.

[0067] This invention uses a switching transistor Q1 to control the phase of the output voltage and the magnitude of the output resistance in the power generation area, and combines it with an inductor L1 that stores electrical energy to generate electricity, thereby achieving impedance matching between the inside and outside of the power generation area and improving power generation efficiency.

[0068] Furthermore, the impedance matching circuit further includes: a first capacitor C1;

[0069] Wherein, the first terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first terminal of the power generation module and the first terminal of the switching transistor Q1;

[0070] The second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the power generation module and the circuit ground.

[0071] Furthermore, the impedance matching circuit also includes: a second capacitor C2;

[0072] Wherein, the first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second terminal of the inductor L1 and the first terminal of the load;

[0073] The second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D1 and the second terminal of the load.

[0074] In this invention, the first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 act as filter capacitors, which can reduce the AC ripple coefficient and improve the working performance of the power generation area.

[0075] Furthermore, adjusting the output impedance according to the on / off pulse specifically involves:

[0076] Based on the on / off pulses, the conduction time of the switching transistor Q1 is adjusted and the output impedance is changed to achieve impedance matching between the internal and external ports of the component.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 8 The diagram shows the output voltage of the power generation area provided by the present invention, wherein 0 to T represents the on-time of switch Q1, T to T0 represents the off-time of switch Q1; and 0 to T0 represents one working cycle.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the equivalent circuit of the power generation region provided by the present invention, wherein the equivalent circuit is the equivalent circuit during the conduction or turn-on period of the switching transistor Q1; U P R is the output voltage of the photovoltaic module. P R is the equivalent internal resistance of a photovoltaic module. L It is a load; in addition, I RL Indicates the flow through load R L The current on R L When the value of I is constant, RL The larger the value, the greater the load R. L The more power obtained, the better. When the switching transistor Q1 is turned on or off, the current flowing through the load is:

[0079]

[0080] The power consumed by the load from time 0 to time t is:

[0081]

[0082] Please refer to Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the equivalent circuit of the power generation area provided by the present invention. The equivalent circuit is the equivalent circuit when the switch Q1 is turned off or closed. At time t, the current flowing through the load is:

[0083]

[0084] Furthermore, from time T to any time t, the power consumed on the load is:

[0085]

[0086] As shown above, the power consumed by the load throughout the entire cycle, from time 0 to time T0, is:

[0087]

[0088] Among them, the condition for the load to obtain maximum power throughout the entire cycle is: Therefore, differentiating the power on the load over the entire cycle and setting it to zero yields an equation with t as the variable:

[0089]

[0090] The equation has a solution within the set t > 0. When R P When changes occur, since RL is a constant, the equations in the formula can be made true by adjusting t, thus achieving maximum power output.

[0091] Furthermore, the switch Q1 is an NMOS transistor; wherein, the first terminal of the switch Q1 is the drain, the second terminal of the switch Q1 is the source, and the control terminal of the switch Q1 is the gate.

[0092] The present invention can use an NMOS transistor as the switching transistor Q1. Since the input impedance of the MOS transistor is high and the driving power is low, the working performance of the power generation process in the power generation area is further improved.

[0093] Furthermore, the PWM generator is connected to the processor; wherein the PWM generator is used to receive the working signal of the processor, and output on / off pulses with the required duty cycle to the impedance matching circuit according to the working signal, so as to adjust the phase of the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit.

[0094] In this embodiment, the processor is used to send a working signal to the PWM generator according to the power generation status of the ports of the plurality of power generation areas, so as to adjust the duty cycle of the on / off pulse.

[0095] In this embodiment, the processor can be an MCU.

[0096] In this embodiment, the selectable processor may include, but is not limited to, an MCU, or a CPU or other microprocessor.

[0097] On the other hand, embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for adjusting a phase-controllable multi-port solar module, applied to a phase-controllable multi-port solar module as described in embodiments of the present invention, comprising:

[0098] Based on the power generation status of the ports of the aforementioned power generation areas, a working signal is sent to the PWM generator. By changing the duty cycle of the on / off pulses of the PWM generator, the output impedance of the power generation area and the phase of the output terminal of the power generation area are adjusted.

[0099] Further, the step of sending a working signal to the PWM generator based on the power generation status of the ports of the plurality of power generation areas, and adjusting the output impedance of the power generation area and the phase of the output terminal of the power generation area by changing the duty cycle of the on / off pulse of the PWM generator, includes:

[0100] When the internal resistance of the power generation unit decreases as the light intensity increases, or when the internal resistance of the power generation unit increases as the light intensity decreases, the operating signal is adjusted and sent to the PWM generator so that the PWM generator, according to the operating signal, adjusts the duty cycle and phase of the output on / off pulses to match the output impedance with the load impedance.

[0101] In this embodiment, when the sunlight is strong, the solar panel generates more electricity, the photovoltaic effect in the power generation area is significant, and its internal resistance decreases. Simultaneously, the on / off time of the switch Q1 increases, allowing more energy to be pumped into the inductor L1. From an impedance transformation perspective, this means a longer connection time for the smaller impedance. When the sunlight weakens, the impedance transformation process is the opposite, resulting in a shorter connection time for the larger impedance. By adjusting the on / off pulses with the operating signal, the matching of the internal impedance and external impedance (i.e., the load impedance) of the power generation area can be achieved in both cases, thus maximizing power output.

[0102] Furthermore, the step of sending a working signal to the PWM generator based on the power generation status of the ports of the plurality of power generation regions, and adjusting the output impedance of the power generation region and the phase of the output terminal of the power generation region by changing the duty cycle of the on / off pulse of the PWM generator, further includes:

[0103] When one or more of the power generation regions are damaged, the phase of the on / off pulse output by the PWM generator is adjusted according to the working signal so that the output voltage of the remaining power generation regions forms a vector closed loop.

[0104] Photovoltaic cells generate electricity based on the photovoltaic effect. As the charge accumulation between the positive and negative electrodes of a photovoltaic cell increases, the photoelectric conversion efficiency decreases. Therefore, timely removal of the charge generated by the photoelectric effect during photovoltaic cell operation is crucial for power generation, i.e., it is vital for photoelectric conversion efficiency. In practical photovoltaic systems, due to the need for impedance matching, most photovoltaic modules operate in alternating current (AC) mode. In this embodiment, compared to existing solar modules, this embodiment can not only output more power through finer-grained power matching, but also output more power through phase coordination between the output terminals of different ports or different power generation areas of a multi-port solar module with controllable phase. When more power is output, the positive and negative particles generated by the photoelectric effect are also efficiently removed, thereby ensuring continuous and efficient operation of the photovoltaic module.

[0105] In this embodiment, we take the coordinated operation of multiple output terminals of the same solar power generation device as an example, but this also applies to the ports of different solar power generation devices. Assume a component has N output terminals, and these output terminals are not electrically connected to each other within the component. Each output terminal is connected in series or parallel, has its own MPPT circuit, and the impedance matching circuits of each port have the same clock. Impedance matching is achieved using the on / off pulses of a PWM generator combined with the impedance matching circuit. Therefore, for the fundamental frequency, the total power output from all ports is:

[0106] P=[A1cos(ωt+θ1)+2cos(ωt+θ2)+…+ n cos(ωt+θ n )] 2 / R L ;

[0107] Where P is the total output power, A i cos(ωt+θ i A is the electrical energy output from the i-th port. i It is the voltage amplitude, θ i This is the initial phase. i = 1, 2, ..., n;

[0108] This invention allows the processor to send a working signal to a PWM generator when the light intensity changes, so that the PWM generator can adjust the output impedance of the power generation area through on / off pulses, thereby achieving impedance matching inside and outside the power generation area and improving power generation efficiency.

[0109] When P' = 0, the output power of the phase-controllable multi-port solar module is at its maximum, and the expression for P' is:

[0110]

[0111] To make the expression for P' equal to 0, simply make the sum of the terms inside any bracket zero; where the two vector groups inside the brackets have the same magnitude and are 90° apart. Please refer to... Figure 11 This is a vector diagram of the output voltage of the power generation area provided by the present invention. The formation of the vector closed loop specifically means that the vectors corresponding to the output voltages are connected end to end to form a closed loop. Figure 11 The diagrams from left to right show the maximum output power conditions when the number of output terminals i equals 3, 4, and 5.

[0112] When individual power generation areas are damaged, the processor adjusts the phase of the output voltage of the remaining power generation areas through a PWM generator to maintain a preset phase relationship, thereby maximizing the output power and improving power generation efficiency.

[0113] Compared to existing phase-controlled multi-port solar modules, this invention achieves greater power output through finer-grained matching; the phase coordination between the output terminals or between the output terminals of the phase-controlled multi-port solar modules further enhances output; in addition, when individual output terminals or power generation areas are damaged or their performance degrades, the output power can be optimized again by adjusting the phase relationship between other power generation areas.

[0114] The power generation area of ​​this invention is independently connected to the PWM generator, and there is no electrical connection between them. The phase and on / off time of the output voltage of the power generation area can be adjusted according to the working signal output by the processor and the on / off pulse of the PWM generator, combined with the impedance matching circuit, thereby adjusting the output impedance to achieve impedance matching and improve power generation efficiency.

[0115] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A phase-controllable multi-port solar module, characterized in that, include: Several power generation areas; The plurality of power generation areas are respectively connected to the PWM generator, and the plurality of power generation areas are not electrically connected to each other. The plurality of component ports corresponding to the plurality of power generation areas are connected to the load. Each of the several power generation areas includes a power generation module and an impedance matching circuit; wherein, the power generation module is connected to the first input terminal of the impedance matching circuit, the second input terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the PWM generator, and the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit is connected to the load. The impedance matching circuit includes a switching transistor, a diode, and an inductor; the first terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the power generation module; the second terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the cathode of the diode and the first terminal of the inductor; the control terminal of the switching transistor is connected to the PWM generator; the second terminal of the inductor is connected to the first terminal of the load; and the anode of the diode is connected to the second terminal of the load. The PWM generator is connected to the processor; wherein, the PWM generator is used to receive the working signal of the processor, and output on / off pulses with the required duty cycle to the impedance matching circuit according to the working signal, so as to adjust the phase of the output terminal of the impedance matching circuit; The power generation module is used to convert light energy into electrical energy; The impedance matching circuit is used to receive the on / off pulses output by the PWM generator and adjust the output impedance and the phase of the output terminal according to the on / off pulses.

2. The phase-controllable multi-port solar module of claim 1, wherein, The impedance matching circuit further includes: a first capacitor; Wherein, the first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the first terminal of the power generation module and the first terminal of the switching transistor; The second terminal of the first capacitor is connected to the power generation module and the circuit ground.

3. The phase-controllable multi-port solar module of claim 1, wherein, The impedance matching circuit further includes: a second capacitor; Wherein, the first terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the second terminal of the inductor and the first terminal of the load; The second terminal of the second capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the diode and the second terminal of the load.

4. The phase-controllable multi-port solar module as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment of the output impedance based on the on / off pulse specifically involves: Based on the on / off pulses, the conduction time of the switching transistor is adjusted and the output impedance is changed to achieve impedance matching between the internal and external ports of the component.

5. A method for adjusting a phase-controllable multi-port solar module, characterized in that, The multi-port solar module with phase controllable structure as described in any one of claims 1-4 includes: Based on the power generation status of the ports of the aforementioned power generation areas, a working signal is sent to the PWM generator. By changing the duty cycle of the on / off pulses of the PWM generator, the output impedance of the power generation area and the phase of the output terminal of the power generation area are adjusted.

6. The adjustment method for a phase-controllable multi-port solar module as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of sending a working signal to the PWM generator based on the power generation status of the ports of the plurality of power generation areas, and adjusting the output impedance of the power generation area and the phase of the output terminal of the power generation area by changing the duty cycle of the on / off pulse of the PWM generator, includes: When the internal resistance of the power generation unit decreases as the light intensity increases, or when the internal resistance of the power generation unit increases as the light intensity decreases, the operating signal is adjusted and sent to the PWM generator so that the PWM generator, according to the operating signal, adjusts the duty cycle and phase of the output on / off pulses to match the output impedance with the load impedance.

7. The adjustment method for a phase-controllable multi-port solar module as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The step of sending a working signal to the PWM generator based on the power generation status of the ports of the plurality of power generation areas, and adjusting the output impedance of the power generation area and the phase of the output terminal of the power generation area by changing the duty cycle of the on / off pulse of the PWM generator, further includes: When one or more of the power generation regions are damaged, the phase of the on / off pulse output by the PWM generator is adjusted according to the working signal so that the output voltage of the remaining power generation regions forms a vector closed loop.

8. The adjustment method for a phase-controllable multi-port solar module as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The formation of the vector closed loop specifically means that the vectors corresponding to the output voltages are connected end to end to form a closed loop.

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