Chinese herbal medicine extraction device and method

Abstract

The application relates to a Chinese herbal medicine extraction device and method, which effectively solves the problems of low effective utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine extraction and inconvenience of multistage crossflow extraction of solid-liquid two phases; the technical scheme is that a vertical cylinder body is arranged, a feeding hopper is arranged above the cylinder body, and a distributing disc is arranged at the lower end of the feeding hopper; an outer box body is arranged outside the cylinder body, a solvent chamber is arranged between the outer box body and the cylinder body; a plurality of extraction devices are arranged in the cylinder body from top to bottom, the extraction device comprises an outer baffle, a through groove is arranged in the middle of the outer baffle, a rotating shaft is arranged in the through groove, an inner baffle is arranged on the rotating shaft, a squeezing plate is arranged above the outer baffle, a filter plate is arranged on the right side of the outer baffle, a drain pipe is connected to the outer baffle, a piston cavity is arranged at the right end of the drain pipe, a drain port is arranged at the bottom of the right side of the piston cavity, a piston capable of moving leftward and rightward is arranged in the piston cavity, and the piston can drive the squeezing plate to move rightward; the device is provided with an integrated tank body structure, multistage solid-liquid extraction is realized, the equipment is simplified, the occupied area is reduced, the structure is simple, and the cost is low.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction, in particular to a Chinese herbal medicine extraction device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] There are various natural macromolecular substances in plants, such as starch, cellulose, lignin, pectin, resin, tannin, polypeptide, protein, enzyme, nucleic acid, etc. Because these molecules contain a large number of polar groups such as hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl, etc., their molecular polarity is strong, and they have high solubility in water. When extracted with water or other polar solvents, they can be easily leached out.

[0003] Plant leaching operation belongs to solid-liquid extraction. With the increase of extraction times, the solute remaining in the raw material system becomes less and less. However, no matter how many times the extraction is performed, it is impossible to completely extract the solute from the raw material system. Therefore, in actual production process, the production cost of extraction operation is often considered comprehensively, and only a limited number of extraction operations are performed. For example, in traditional Chinese medicine extraction production, the effective components are basically extracted to the maximum degree after three extractions of traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the best economic benefit is also achieved.

[0004] In industrial production, extraction operations include single-stage extraction, multi-stage cross-flow extraction, multi-stage countercurrent extraction, etc. Patent document CN114849277A, a continuous countercurrent extraction equipment and method for traditional Chinese medicine, provides a countercurrent extraction method, i.e. the flow direction of traditional Chinese medicine and solvent is opposite. This method is widely used in industry, but the content of solute in the raffinate phase is relatively high, which is not suitable for valuable medicinal materials and can easily cause waste of medicinal materials. On the other hand, in multi-stage cross-flow extraction, the solvent is added to each stage of the extractor, so the extraction driving force is large and the extraction effect is good. Therefore, it is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine extraction and separation.

[0005] Currently, for multi-stage cross-flow extraction, most existing equipment is liquid-liquid two-phase extraction, which separates by the difference in liquid density and requires multiple complex tanks to cooperate with each other. For example, patent documents CN216236868U and CN105348041A. However, there is no mature equipment for solid-liquid two-phase multi-stage cross-flow extraction. Because it involves solid-liquid two-phase separation and the transfer of materials, etc., it is a relatively complicated problem, and the current extraction equipment generally requires multiple devices to cooperate, which is cumbersome. Therefore, the above problems need to be solved. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above situation, in order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a Chinese herbal medicine extraction device and method, which can effectively solve the problems of low effective utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine extraction, inconvenience of solid-liquid two-phase multi-stage cross-flow extraction, and cumbersome equipment, etc.

[0007] The technical scheme is to include a vertical cylinder, an upper part of the cylinder is provided with a feeding hopper, a lower end of the feeding hopper is arranged in the cylinder, and the lower end of the feeding hopper is provided with a distributing disc; the distributing disc can rotate intermittently, an outer box body is arranged outside the cylinder, and a solvent chamber is arranged between the outer box body and the cylinder; a plurality of extraction devices are arranged in the cylinder from top to bottom, and a plurality of water inlet pipes corresponding to the extraction devices are arranged on the cylinder.

[0008] The extraction device comprises an outer baffle arranged in the cylinder, a through slot is arranged in the middle part of the outer baffle, a rotating shaft in the front-rear direction is arranged in the through slot, an inner baffle is arranged in the through slot and mounted on the rotating shaft, a squeezing plate capable of moving left and right and returning to the left is arranged above the outer baffle, a fixed filter plate is arranged on the right side of the outer baffle, a drain pipe is connected to the outer baffle, a piston cavity is mounted at the right end of the drain pipe, a drain port is arranged at the right side bottom of the piston cavity, and a piston capable of moving left and right is arranged in the piston cavity; the piston moves to the right to drive the squeezing plate to move to the right.

[0009] Among the plurality of extraction devices arranged from bottom to top, the rotating shaft rotates by 180 degrees in sequence, and then the distributing disc rotates once.

[0010] The distributing disc is in the form of a cylinder in the front-rear direction, and three grooves in the front-rear direction are uniformly distributed on the outer edge surface of the cylinder.

[0011] The water inlet pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the water inlet pipe communicates the inside of the solvent chamber with the inside of the cylinder; a heating device is arranged in the solvent chamber, and connectors are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the solvent chamber.

[0012] The advantages of the present application are as follows: 1. The device realizes multi-stage solid-liquid extraction in the integrated tank structure, simplifies the equipment, reduces the occupied area, has a simple structure and low cost. 2. The extraction device in the device has heating, stirring and squeezing effects, which can improve the extraction effect by several times. 3. The device ingeniously designs the inner baffle and the piston cavity, which can realize liquid discharge, liquid separation and solid medicine transfer through the suction of the piston cavity and the overturning of the inner baffle, and the operation is very convenient and the structure is very ingenious. 4. The device uses multi-stage cross-flow extraction to ensure that the effective components in the medicine can be fully extracted, and even the medicine with low solubility is also suitable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a front view of the present application.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present application.

[0015] Figure 3 It is a front view of the extraction device of the present application (squeezing and liquid discharging state).

[0016] Figure 4Front view of the extraction device (soaking and turbulence state) of the present application.

[0017] Figure 5 Front view of the extraction device (inner baffle flip state) of the present application. Embodiment

[0018] The specific embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] By Figures 1 to 5 The present application comprises a vertical cylinder 1, an upper end of which is provided with a feeding hopper 2, a lower end of which is placed in the cylinder 1, and the lower end of which is provided with a distributing disc 3; the distributing disc 3 can rotate intermittently, an outer box 4 is arranged outside the cylinder 1, and a solvent chamber 5 is arranged between the outer box 4 and the cylinder 1; a plurality of extraction devices 6 are arranged in the cylinder 1 from top to bottom, and a plurality of water inlet pipes 7 corresponding to the extraction devices 6 are arranged on the cylinder 1;

[0020] The extraction device 6 comprises an outer baffle 601 arranged in the cylinder 1, a through slot 602 arranged in the middle of the outer baffle 601, a rotating shaft 603 arranged in the through slot 602 in the front-rear direction, an inner baffle 604 arranged in the through slot 602 on the rotating shaft 603, a squeezing plate 605 arranged above the outer baffle 601 and capable of moving left and right and returning to the left, a filter plate 606 arranged on the right side of the outer baffle 601, a drain pipe 607 connected to the outer baffle 601, a piston cavity 608 arranged at the right end of the drain pipe 607, a drain port 609 arranged at the right bottom of the piston cavity 608, a piston arranged in the piston cavity 608 and capable of moving left and right, and the piston moving to the right can drive the squeezing plate 605 to move to the right;

[0021] Among the plurality of extraction devices 6 arranged from bottom to top, the rotating shaft 603 rotates 180 degrees in turn, and then the distributing disc 3 rotates once.

[0022] In order to realize the rotation of the distributing disc 3, the distributing disc 3 is in the shape of a cylinder in the front-rear direction, and three grooves 9 in the front-rear direction are arranged on the circumference of the outer edge surface of the cylinder.

[0023] In order to control the liquid inlet, the water inlet pipe 7 is provided with an electromagnetic valve 8, and the water inlet pipe 7 communicates the inside of the solvent chamber 5 with the inside of the cylinder 1; a heating device is arranged in the solvent chamber 5, and connectors are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the solvent chamber 5.

[0024] In order to realize the rotation of the rotating shaft 603 in the plurality of extraction devices 6, the front end of the rotating shaft 603 is provided with a first gear 10 outside the outer box body 4, the mounting shaft of the distribution disc 3 is provided with a second gear 11, the outer box body 4 is provided with a conveying belt 12, and the conveying belt 12 is provided with two center-symmetrical gear racks; the conveying belt 12 rotates clockwise, the gear racks can be engaged with the plurality of first gears 10 and second gears 11 in turn, and the distribution disc 3 rotates 120 degrees each time.

[0025] In order to realize the installation and movement of the extrusion plate 605, the left side of the extrusion plate 605 is provided with a guide rod 610 which penetrates the barrel 1 and the outer box body 4, and the guide rod 610 is sleeved with a compression spring 611; the right side of the extrusion plate 605 is connected with two front and rear ropes 612, the right ends of the two ropes 612 penetrate the drain pipe 607 and are connected with a piston; the two ropes 612 are located on the front and rear sides of the inner baffle 604 respectively.

[0026] In order to realize stirring and liquid discharge, the piston in the piston cavity 608 is connected with a piston rod which is driven to rotate by an electric cylinder; the conveying belt 12 is driven to rotate by a motor 13, and the motor 13 and the plurality of electric cylinders are controlled by a controller.

[0027] In order to avoid liquid leakage, the inner baffle 604 is provided with a sealing ring around the periphery.

[0028] In order to realize multi-stage cross-flow extraction, the Chinese herbal medicine extraction method is:

[0029] First step: raw material is added, the primary crushed raw material is added to the first extraction device 6;

[0030] Second step: solvent is added, the solvent is added in the extraction device 6 with raw material;

[0031] Third step: soaking and turbulence;

[0032] Fourth step: raw material is extruded and filtered; solvent is discharged;

[0033] Fifth step: the raw material in the mixture falls into the next extraction device 6, and new raw material is added to the first extraction device 6;

[0034] In order to realize continuous cross-flow extraction, the use method of the Chinese herbal medicine extraction device is:

[0035] First step: the motor 13 is turned on to drive the conveying belt 12 to rotate half a circle, and the raw material is added to the uppermost extraction device 6;

[0036] Second step: the electromagnetic valve 8 corresponding to the water inlet pipe 7 in the extraction device 6 with raw material is opened, the solvent is added to the extraction device 6, and then the electromagnetic valve 8 is closed;

[0037] Third step: open the electric cylinder, the electric cylinder reciprocating small range;

[0038] Fourth step: the electric cylinder moves to the right end, and then resets;

[0039] Fifth step: open the motor 13, drive the transmission belt 12 to rotate half a circle, the raw material in the last extraction device 6 will fall into the next extraction device 6.

[0040] When the application is used, first, the Chinese herbal medicine is added into the feeding hopper 2 after being preliminarily crushed, and the solvent is added into the solvent chamber 5 through the joint on the outer shell, and the heating device in the solvent chamber 5 is started, which can use an electric heating rod; the temperature of the solvent is obtained to the temperature required for extraction, which is generally not more than 100 degrees Celsius.

[0041] Then, the motor 13 is started to drive the transmission belt 12 to rotate half a circle, and the transmission belt 12 is provided with two center-symmetrical rack sections; each time the transmission belt 12 rotates half a circle, one of the two rack sections can be engaged with each gear in turn from bottom to top, and then engaged with the second gear 11. Therefore, the inner baffles 604 in the plurality of extraction devices 6 rotate 180 degrees in turn from bottom to top, that is, the inner baffles 604 are turned over; then the distribution disc 3 rotates 120 degrees, and the distribution disc 3 is provided with three grooves 9, so that each time the distribution disc 3 rotates 120 degrees, the groove 9 originally in the distribution hopper is placed below the distribution hopper, and the medicinal materials can also fall into the uppermost extraction device 6 in the cylinder 1 in an appropriate amount.

[0042] When the medicinal materials fall into the first extraction device 6, the inner baffle 604 blocks the through groove 602 of the outer baffle 601 at this time, that is, the inner baffle 604 is almost flush with the outer baffle 601, so that the medicinal materials are blocked above the inner baffle 604 and the outer baffle 601; then the electromagnetic valve 8 on the water inlet pipe 7 corresponding to the extraction device 6 is opened, so that the solvent in the solvent chamber 5 enters the first extraction device 6 and floods the medicinal materials, and the medicinal materials are soaked.

[0043] Subsequently, the electric cylinder is started, and the piston is at the leftmost side in the piston cavity 608 in the initial state, the electric cylinder drives the piston to reciprocate in a small range, that is, the piston cavity 608 can repeatedly absorb and discharge the solvent, so that the solvent in the extraction device 6 flows greatly. The length of the rope 612 can be longer, so that the pressing plate 605 does not move when the piston moves in a small range.

[0044] When the soaking time is sufficient, the piston moves to the rightmost side under the drive of the electric cylinder at this time, so that the piston is at the right side of the drain port 609, and therefore the solvent can flow out from the drain pipe 607 through the piston cavity 608 and finally through the drain port 609; at the same time, after the piston moves to the rightmost side, the pressing plate 605 is pulled to the right through the rope 612, and the medicinal materials are pressed and dehydrated by the pressing plate 605.

[0045] The extraction device 6 in the device can accelerate the dissolution of the effective components in the medicinal materials into the solute, and has the following three aspects:

[0046] Firstly, since the whole outer box body 4 includes the cylinder body 1, and the solvent is in a constant temperature state, the plant tissue can be softened and promoted to expand through temperature rise, and the dissolution and diffusion speed of the soluble components is increased;

[0047] Secondly, the piston moves back and forth in a small range, can repeatedly suck and discharge the solvent, achieve the effect of improving the flow of the solvent, and improve the external diffusion speed through the generation of turbulent flow;

[0048] Thirdly, with the extrusion of the extrusion plate 605, a part of the medicinal materials is hammered, the extrusion of the medicinal materials is realized, and the cell wall of the medicinal materials is broken; the extraction process of the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine is to transfer the target product from the cell plant to the solvent outside the cell, and the extrusion of the medicinal materials and the breaking of the cell wall can obtain the effective components to the greatest extent. At the same time, the existing high-concentration solvent in the medicinal materials can be extruded as much as possible, which is convenient for re-soaking and extraction next time, and can also reduce the final solvent content of the medicinal materials in the last extraction device 6, so as to ensure the full extraction of the effective components of the medicinal materials.

[0049] The above three effects are superimposed at the same time, which can greatly improve the extraction effect and speed.

[0050] When the solvent is discharged, the electric cylinder resets, and then the extrusion plate 605 also resets; at this time, the conveying belt 12 rotates again.

[0051] The inner baffle 604 in the extraction device 6 from bottom to top starts to reverse in turn, so that the medicinal materials at the bottom are directly discharged, the medicinal materials in the second last extraction device 6 fall into the last extraction device 6, and the medicinal materials in the uppermost extraction device 6 fall into the second extraction device 6; new medicinal materials are added to the first extraction device 6 by the distributing disc 3; the medicinal materials are transported in turn.

[0052] After that, the above process will be repeated again, at this time, the extraction device 6 located in the middle will continue to carry out secondary extraction on the raw materials of the previous stage, and the solvent will be discharged after extrusion and filtration again, the extraction device 6 located at the bottom will carry out tertiary extraction on the raw materials of the previous stage again, and finally the extracted residue will be discharged.

[0053] In turn, in the subsequent process, the three extraction devices 6 work at the same time, realizing continuous multi-stage cross-flow extraction.

[0054] Finally, the solvents with different concentrations extracted in each extraction device 6 are collected uniformly and sent to the subsequent purification equipment for further processing.

[0055] The general solvent usage is 2-5 times of the raw material, and the extraction is considered to be completed after three times of extraction; the solvent in the device can be selected according to the need, such as water or ethanol and the like, and the temperature is adjusted according to the nature of the medicinal material, so as to obtain the maximum extraction effect and ensure that the effective components in the medicinal material can be extracted as much as possible.

[0056] In the device, the extraction device 6 has high extraction effect, and through stirring, extrusion and temperature increase, the solubility of the solute can be improved in all aspects, the extraction of the effective components in the medicinal material is improved, and the extraction effect is ensured.

[0057] The device uses multi-stage cross-flow extraction, that is, after each extraction, the solid medicinal material is separated out, and then new solvent is used for extraction, so as to maintain high osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell and improve the diffusion speed.

[0058] The device is an integrated tank body, and does not need to be matched with multiple tank bodies, so that the heating and turnover of the medicinal material are convenient, and through the ingenious upper and lower layout and the design of the inner baffle 604 and the piston cavity 608, the separation of the solvent and the medicinal material and the transmission of the medicinal material to the next stage can be realized.

Claims

1. A Chinese herbal medicine extraction device comprising a vertical cylinder (1), characterized in that, The upper part of the barrel (1) is provided with a feeding hopper (2), the lower end of the feeding hopper (2) is arranged in the barrel (1), and the lower end of the feeding hopper (2) is provided with a distribution disc (3); the distribution disc (3) can rotate intermittently, the outer side of the barrel (1) is provided with an outer box body (4), and a solvent chamber (5) is formed between the outer box body (4) and the barrel (1); a plurality of extraction devices (6) are arranged in the barrel (1) from top to bottom, and a plurality of water inlet pipes (7) corresponding to the extraction devices (6) are arranged on the barrel (1). The extraction device (6) comprises an outer baffle (601) arranged in the barrel (1), a through slot (602) is arranged in the middle of the outer baffle (601), a rotating shaft (603) in the front-rear direction is arranged in the through slot (602), an inner baffle (604) is arranged on the rotating shaft (603) and located in the through slot (602), a squeezing plate (605) capable of moving leftward and rightward and returning leftward is arranged on the upper surface of the outer baffle (601), a fixed filter plate (606) is arranged on the right side of the upper surface of the outer baffle (601), a drain pipe (607) is connected to the outer baffle (601), the left end inlet of the drain pipe (607) is located between the right side of the filter plate (606) and the inner wall of the barrel (1), a piston cavity (608) is arranged at the right end of the drain pipe (607), a drain port (609) is arranged at the right side bottom of the piston cavity (608), a piston capable of moving leftward and rightward is arranged in the piston cavity (608), and the piston moves rightward to drive the squeezing plate (605) to move rightward. Among the plurality of extraction devices (6) arranged from bottom to top, the rotating shaft (603) rotates by 180 degrees in sequence, and then the distribution disc (3) rotates once. The front end of the rotating shaft (603) is provided with a first gear (10) located outside the outer box body (4), a second gear (11) is arranged on the mounting shaft of the distribution disc (3), a conveying belt (12) is arranged on the outer box body (4), and two center-symmetrical rack sections are arranged on the conveying belt (12); the conveying belt (12) rotates clockwise, the rack can be engaged with a plurality of first gears (10) and second gears (11) in sequence, and the distribution disc (3) rotates by 120 degrees each time. The left side of the squeezing plate (605) is provided with a guide rod (610), the guide rod (610) penetrates through the barrel (1) and the outer box body (4), and a compression spring (611) is sleeved on the guide rod (610); the right side of the squeezing plate (605) is connected with two front and rear ropes (612), the right ends of the two ropes (612) penetrate through the drain pipe (607) and are connected with the piston; the two ropes (612) are located on the front and rear sides of the inner baffle (604) respectively.

2. The Chinese herbal medicine extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distribution disc (3) is in the shape of a cylinder in the front-rear direction, and three front-rear direction grooves (9) are uniformly distributed on the outer edge surface of the cylinder.

3. The Chinese herbal medicine extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water inlet pipe (7) is provided with an electromagnetic valve (8), the water inlet pipe (7) communicates the inside of the solvent chamber (5) with the inside of the barrel (1); a heating device is arranged in the solvent chamber (5), and connectors are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the solvent chamber (5).

4. The Chinese herbal medicine extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston rod is connected to the piston in the piston cavity (608) and is driven to rotate by the electric cylinder; the conveying belt (12) is driven to rotate by the motor (13), and the motor (13) and the plurality of electric cylinders are controlled by the controller.

5. The Chinese herbal medicine extraction device according to claim 1, wherein The inner baffle (604) is provided with a sealing ring around the periphery.

6. A method of using a Chinese herbal medicine extraction device according to any one of claims 1-5, the steps of which include: S1: Turn on the motor (13) to drive the conveying belt (12) to rotate half a circle, and the raw materials are added to the uppermost extraction device (6); S2: Turn on the electromagnetic valve (8) of the water inlet pipe (7) corresponding to the extraction device (6) containing the raw materials, and turn off the electromagnetic valve (8) after the solvent is added to the extraction device (6); S3: Turn on the electric cylinder, and the electric cylinder moves back and forth in a small range; S4: The electric cylinder moves to the rightmost end and then resets; S5: Turn on the motor (13) to drive the conveying belt (12) to rotate half a circle, and the raw materials in the previous extraction device (6) will fall into the next extraction device (6).

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