A method, device, processor and readable storage medium thereof for realizing tool path corner transition processing of laser cutting groove operation

Abstract

This invention relates to a method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations, comprising the following steps: drawing a toolpath with an angle; obtaining the jet direction at the turning point; importing the structural parameters of the laser head and the generation parameters of the toolpath algorithm; adjusting the jet direction at the corner; calculating the look-ahead distance before and after the turning point; and generating the toolpath. This invention also relates to a device, processor, and computer-readable storage medium for achieving laser cutting beveling corner transition. By employing the method, device, processor, and computer-readable storage medium of this invention for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations, continuous cutting at beveling corners is achieved, improving cutting efficiency. This invention avoids the problem of machining failure due to excessive angle at the corner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting, and more particularly to the field of laser beveling cutting. Specifically, it relates to a method, apparatus, processor, and computer-readable storage medium for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations. Background Technology

[0002] When performing beveling, the upper and lower surfaces of the bevel are not aligned to form a bevel. Therefore, the trajectory lengths traversed by the upper and lower surfaces are different at the corner, and how to transition the laser head's posture at the corner is an important issue in beveling.

[0003] Currently, common techniques for achieving bevel angles can be divided into two types: 1. Obtaining the angle through the intersection of two line segments; 2. Adjusting the cutting head posture at the turning point.

[0004] Existing technology 1 uses the intersection of two lines longer than the actual cutting line to determine the turning angle. This method can disregard the transition problem of the cutting head vector at the turning angle. For example... Figure 1 As shown, by cutting only four intersecting line segments A1B1, B2C2, C1D1, and D2A2, a trapezoid ABCDA'B'C'D' can be obtained, with all four sides of the trapezoid being sloped. The advantage of this method is its simplicity, but its disadvantages include material waste and low efficiency. For the trapezoid ABCDA'B'C'D', the eight faces AA'A1, AA'A2, BB'B1, BB'B2, CC'C1, CC'C2, DD'D1, and DD'D2 are redundant cuts, resulting in material waste. Furthermore, after cutting one side, the laser head needs to be moved to the starting point of the next side, and a perforation process is required before cutting. This combination of movement and perforation contributes to the overall low processing efficiency.

[0005] Existing technology 2 utilizes the intersection of the two bevel surfaces at the corner as the jet direction, thus enabling the laser cutting head to turn at the corner. For example... Figure 2As shown, to cut a trapezoid ABCDA'B'C'D', the toolpath starts at point N on line segment DA, with the initial jet direction being NM. The laser head moves along line segments NA, AB, BC, CD, and DN. At the turning point A, AA' is the intersection of slopes AA'DD' and AA'BB'. In other words, AA' lies on both slopes AA'DD' and AA'BB. The jet at point A is chosen to follow the direction of AA', thus achieving a turn at point A. In prior art 2, the angle ∠OAA' between the jet direction at corner A and the negative Z-axis is prone to exceeding the limit, meaning the laser cutting head's rotation mechanism cannot reach this angle. When cutting to a corner, if the jet angle exceeds the limit, continuing to cut will result in incorrect parts if no other measures are taken. Prior art 2 has the advantage of a continuous toolpath and smooth cutting action at corners, resulting in high processing efficiency. Its disadvantage is that it cannot handle the problem of exceeding the tilt angle limit at corners.

[0006] Figure 2 middle,

[0007] The jet direction is the direction of the laser beam illumination, AP and NM; the tilt angle is the angle between the jet direction and the negative Z-axis, ∠GNM and ∠OAP; the tangential angle is ∠QAP and ∠HNM; the normal angle is ∠QAO and ∠HNG; the tangential plane is NAPM; OA⊥plane A'B'C'D'; OA∥Z-axis.

[0008] For laser beveling, in order to avoid material waste, ensure smooth cutting, and improve processing efficiency, a solution for beveling corner transition is needed, which allows for continuous processing at corners and can handle the problem of excessive bevel angles. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method, apparatus, processor and computer-readable storage medium for laser cutting beveling operations to achieve toolpath corner transition processing that satisfies the requirements of smooth cutting, high processing efficiency and wide applicability.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method, apparatus, processor, and computer-readable storage medium for toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations, as follows:

[0011] The method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations is characterized by the following steps:

[0012] (1) Draw the toolpath with an angle;

[0013] (2) Obtain the jet direction at the turning point;

[0014] (3) Import the structural parameters of the laser head and the generation parameters of the toolpath algorithm;

[0015] (4) Adjust the jet direction at the corner;

[0016] (5) Calculate the forward distances before and after the turning point respectively;

[0017] (6) Generate toolpath.

[0018] Preferably, the tool path in step (1) consists of multiple processing segments, each processing segment corresponding to a normal angle.

[0019] Preferably, the jet direction at the turning point of step (2) is the intersection of the two bevel cut surfaces.

[0020] Preferably, step (4) specifically includes:

[0021] Determine whether the jet direction angle calculated based on the slope angle line is greater than the maximum angle parameter. If so, adjust the jet direction at the turning point; otherwise, continue to step (5).

[0022] Preferably, step (5) specifically includes:

[0023] Based on the number of deviations from the bevel cut surface and the maximum look-ahead distance, calculate the look-ahead distance of the machining path before the turning point and the look-ahead distance of the machining path after the turning point.

[0024] Preferably, the maximum look-ahead distance is the distance of vector interpolation required for the normal angle to change from the negative maximum dip angle to the positive maximum dip angle.

[0025] Preferably, step (6) specifically includes:

[0026] A point is inserted before and after the turning point. The coordinates of the two points and their respective jet directions are determined based on the look-ahead distance to generate the toolpath.

[0027] The apparatus for implementing toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations is characterized in that the apparatus comprises:

[0028] A processor is configured to execute computer-executable instructions;

[0029] The memory stores one or more computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the various steps of the method described above for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations.

[0030] The processor for implementing toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations is characterized in that the processor is configured to execute computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the various steps of the method described above for implementing toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations.

[0031] The computer-readable storage medium is characterized in that it stores a computer program thereon, which can be executed by a processor to implement the various steps of the method described above for achieving toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations.

[0032] The present invention employs a method, apparatus, processor, and computer-readable storage medium for laser cutting beveling operations to achieve toolpath corner transition processing, thereby realizing continuous cutting at beveling corners and improving cutting efficiency. The present invention avoids the problem of being unable to process due to excessive tilt angle at corners. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of cutting a beveled corner in the prior art 1.

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of cutting a beveled corner in the prior art 2.

[0035] Figure 3 This is an overall flowchart of the method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of adjusting the jet direction at the turning point and determining the look-ahead segment in the method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To more clearly describe the technical content of the present invention, the following description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0038] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the method of the present invention for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations includes the following steps:

[0039] (1) Draw the toolpath with an angle;

[0040] (2) Obtain the jet direction at the turning point;

[0041] (3) Import the structural parameters of the laser head and the generation parameters of the toolpath algorithm;

[0042] (4) Adjust the jet direction at the corner;

[0043] (5) Calculate the forward distances before and after the turning point respectively;

[0044] (6) Generate toolpath.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tool path in step (1) consists of multiple processing segments, each processing segment corresponding to a normal angle.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the jet direction at the turning point of step (2) is the intersection of the two bevel cut surfaces.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step (4) specifically comprises:

[0048] Determine whether the jet direction angle calculated based on the slope angle line is greater than the maximum angle parameter. If so, adjust the jet direction at the turning point; otherwise, continue to step (5).

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step (5) specifically comprises:

[0050] Based on the number of deviations from the bevel cut surface and the maximum look-ahead distance, calculate the look-ahead distance of the machining path before the turning point and the look-ahead distance of the machining path after the turning point.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the maximum look-ahead distance is the distance of vector interpolation required for the normal angle to change from the negative maximum dip angle to the positive maximum dip angle.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step (6) specifically comprises:

[0053] A point is inserted before and after the turning point. The coordinates of the two points and their respective jet directions are determined based on the look-ahead distance to generate the toolpath.

[0054] The apparatus of the present invention for implementing toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations, wherein the apparatus comprises:

[0055] A processor is configured to execute computer-executable instructions;

[0056] The memory stores one or more computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the various steps of the method described above for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations.

[0057] The present invention discloses a processor for implementing toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations, wherein the processor is configured to execute computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the various steps of the method described above for implementing toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations.

[0058] The computer-readable storage medium of the present invention stores a computer program that can be executed by a processor to implement the various steps of the method described above for processing toolpath corner transitions in laser cutting beveling operations.

[0059] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a method for transitioning bevel corners in laser cutting is provided to solve the problems of low processing efficiency and inability to process bevel corners when the angle exceeds the limit, thereby achieving smooth cutting action and satisfactory cutting effect at the bevel corner.

[0060] To address the corner transition problem in laser beveling, this invention provides an effective method, characterized by the following steps:

[0061] In this embodiment, a five-axis laser cutting machine is used, which has three translational axes X, Y, and Z, as well as two rotary axes A and B. Rotary axis A is in the same direction as the X axis, and rotary axis B is in the same direction as the Y axis.

[0062] S1: The first step is to perform CAD drawing, creating the toolpath with an angle. For now, we can consider the toolpath as a combination of line segments, each called a machining segment. Each machining segment corresponds to a normal angle, which is the angle between the jet perpendicular to the machining segment on the bevel surface and the negative Z-axis direction. It is also called the bevel angle. Figure 2 ∠GNH, ∠OAQ, ∠OAR.

[0063] In this embodiment, a graphic composed of line segments AB and BC is drawn. The normal angle of the AB straight line processing segment is 45°, the normal angle of the BC processing segment is 45°, the included angle of AB is 90°, and the plate thickness is 30mm.

[0064] S2: Determine the jet direction at the inflection point. The jet direction is the direction of laser beam illumination. At the inflection point, the two bevel surfaces intersect, forming a line of intersection that lies on both planes. Therefore, choosing the jet direction at the inflection point along the line of intersection of the two bevel surfaces yields a continuous toolpath at the inflection point. For example... Figure 2 The jet direction at inflection point A is AA', the jet direction at point B is BB', the jet direction at point C is CC', and the jet direction at point D is DD'.

[0065] In an embodiment, such as Figure 4The jet direction at the turning point B is BE, and ∠B'BE = 54.7° is calculated.

[0066] S3: Import the structural parameters of the laser head and the generation parameters of the toolpath algorithm. Importing the tool head structural parameters is to obtain the maximum tilt angle, which indicates the limit of the tool head structure's rotation capability.

[0067] In this embodiment, the maximum tilt angle is 50° and the maximum look-ahead distance is 15mm. The normal angle is the distance of vector interpolation required to move from the positive maximum tilt angle to the negative maximum tilt angle.

[0068] S4: Adjust the jet direction at the corner. When the jet direction angle calculated based on the slope angle is greater than the maximum angle parameter, the jet direction at the turning point needs to be adjusted; otherwise, the angle at the turning point will exceed the limit, meaning the angle exceeds the rotation angle range of the laser head. In the case of an angle exceeding the limit, in order to ensure a smooth transition of the laser head's vector at the corner, within a certain controllable range of part size error, the jet direction at the turning point needs to be reselected.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, when the inclination angle ∠B'BE at the turning point B is greater than the maximum inclination angle in the parameters, the jet direction at point B is adjusted to BN. Determining BN: First, calculate the circumcenter M of triangle B'GH; then, take B'N = 2B'M to determine the position of point N; next, calculate the inclination angle ∠B'BN; finally, verify whether the inclination angle ∠B'BN is less than or equal to the maximum inclination angle. If it is, then point N is determined; otherwise, reduce B'N along the direction of B'M to make ∠B'BN equal to the maximum inclination angle, thereby adjusting the position of point N.

[0070] In this embodiment, when the jet direction tilt angle ∠B'BE calculated based on the slope angle is 54.7°, which is greater than the maximum tilt angle of 50°, the jet direction at the turning point needs to be adjusted. In the case of an excessive tilt angle, in order to ensure a smooth transition of the laser head's vector at the corner, within a certain controllable range of component dimensional errors, the jet direction at the turning point needs to be reselected, changing from BE to BN. Determining BN: First, calculate the circumcenter M of triangle B'GH, B'M = 21.21; then, determine the position of point N by taking B'N = 2B'M, B'N = 42.42; next, calculate the inclination angle ∠B'BN = 54.7°; finally, verify whether the inclination angle ∠B'BN is less than or equal to the maximum inclination angle. ∠B'BN is still greater than the maximum inclination angle of 50°, so point N is reselected, and N is reduced along the direction of B'M so that ∠B'BN = 50° (maximum inclination angle). At this time, B'N = 35.75.

[0071] S5: Calculate the look-ahead distance before and after the inflection point. The jet at the adjusted inflection point is not on the two bevel planes before and after the inflection point. Therefore, calculate the look-ahead distance of the machining path before and after the inflection point based on the amount of deviation from the bevel plane and the "maximum look-ahead distance" parameter. The maximum look-ahead distance is a parameter of the toolpath generation algorithm, which is the distance of vector interpolation required for the normal angle to change from the negative maximum tilt angle to the positive maximum tilt angle.

[0072] like Figure 4 As shown, the original intention was for the laser cutting head to cut two slopes, ABED and BCFE, along AB and BC. After adjusting the jet direction at point B, the jet direction changed from BE to BN, but BN is not on planes ABED and BCFE. The look-ahead segment is divided into a forward-looking segment and a backward-looking segment. The forward-looking segment controls the position in BC where the jet begins to enter the desired slope BCFE, and the backward-looking segment controls the position in AB where the jet begins to exit the desired slope ABED. In summary, the cutting trajectory goes from point A, through point B, to point C, and the number of cut slopes changes from two before the jet direction at turning point B was adjusted to four: slopes AIJD, IBNJ, BKLN, and KCFL.

[0073] like Figure 4 It is necessary to determine the lengths of the forward look-ahead segment BK and the backward look-ahead segment BI, as well as their corresponding tangential angles ∠PIJ and ∠QKL. The length of BI is determined by four quantities: the maximum tilt angle (default 50°), the maximum look-ahead distance (default 15mm), the change in normal angle, and the length of AB.

[0074] S5.1: First, determine the length of the look-ahead section. The maximum look-ahead distance is defined as the maximum upper surface transition distance required to change from -50° to 50° (50° comes from the maximum tilt angle), which is 15mm. After adjusting the jet direction to BN, the normal angle at B changes from ∠B'BG=45° to ∠B'B P=40.12°, then IB=15*(45-40.12) / (50+50)=0.73mm, and similarly, BK=0.73mm can be obtained.

[0075] S5.2: Then determine the jet direction at the look-ahead section, such as... Figure 4 Let IJ and KL be the values ​​in the equation. Calculate the jet direction at point I. The normal angle at point I is a fixed 45°, and the tangential angle is equal in magnitude to ∠PBN. This gives us a preliminary IJ. However, ∠I'IJ might exceed the maximum tilt angle. If ∠I'IJ exceeds the maximum tilt angle, keep the normal angle unchanged and decrease the tangential angle, keeping it in the same direction as ∠PBN, so that the final ∠I'IJ matches the maximum tilt angle, thus obtaining IJ. Similarly, KL can be obtained.

[0076] S6: Generate G-code toolpath. Before and after the inflection point, determine the coordinates of two points and their respective jet directions based on the look-ahead distance. The result is that a point is inserted before and after the inflection point, such as... Figure 4 As shown, point I was added before point B, and point K was inserted after point B.

[0077] Figure 4 In this context, the jet direction is the direction of the laser beam's illumination, such as AP or NM; the tilt angle is the angle between the jet direction and the negative Z-axis direction, such as ∠GNM or ∠OAP; the tangential plane is the plane through which the laser jet passes, i.e., the cross-section generated by the cutting, such as plane AIJD, plane IJBN, plane BNLK, or plane KLFD; the tangential angle is the angle between the perpendicular line of the motion direction within the tangential plane and the jet, such as ∠JIP or ∠LKQ; and the normal angle is the angle between the perpendicular line of the motion direction within the tangential plane and the negative Z-axis direction, such as ∠I'IP or ∠K'KQ.

[0078] For the specific implementation scheme of this embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0079] It is understood that the same or similar parts in the above embodiments can be referred to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can be referred to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0080] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means at least two.

[0081] Any process or method description in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing a particular logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the invention includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as will be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of the invention pertain.

[0082] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution device. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0083] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The corresponding program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0084] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0085] The storage media mentioned above can be read-only memory, disk, or optical disk, etc.

[0086] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0087] The present invention employs a method, apparatus, processor, and computer-readable storage medium for laser cutting beveling operations to achieve toolpath corner transition processing, thereby realizing continuous cutting at beveling corners and improving cutting efficiency. The present invention avoids the problem of being unable to process due to excessive tilt angle at corners.

[0088] In this specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it will be apparent that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the specification and drawings should be considered illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. A method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Draw the toolpath with an angle; (2) Obtain the jet direction at the turning point; (3) Import the structural parameters of the laser head and the generation parameters of the toolpath algorithm; (4) Adjust the jet direction at the corner; (5) Calculate the forward distances before and after the turning point respectively; (6) Generate toolpath.

2. The method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tool path in step (1) consists of multiple processing segments, each of which corresponds to a normal angle.

3. The method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The jet direction at the turning point of step (2) is the intersection of the two bevel cut surfaces.

4. The method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step (4) specifically refers to: Determine whether the jet direction angle calculated based on the slope angle line is greater than the maximum angle parameter. If so, adjust the jet direction at the turning point; otherwise, continue to step (5).

5. The method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps (5) are as follows: Based on the number of deviations from the bevel cut surface and the maximum look-ahead distance, calculate the look-ahead distance of the machining path before the turning point and the look-ahead distance of the machining path after the turning point.

6. The method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations according to claim 5, characterized in that, The maximum look-ahead distance is the distance of vector interpolation required for the normal angle to change from the negative maximum dip angle to the positive maximum dip angle.

7. The method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing in laser cutting beveling operations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps (6) are as follows: A point is inserted before and after the turning point. The coordinates of the two points and their respective jet directions are determined based on the look-ahead distance to generate the toolpath.

8. An apparatus for implementing toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations, characterized in that, The device includes: A processor is configured to execute computer-executable instructions; The memory stores one or more computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A processor for implementing toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations, characterized in that, The processor is configured to execute computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by the processor, implement the steps of the method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operations as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that can be executed by a processor to implement the steps of the method for achieving toolpath corner transition processing for laser cutting beveling operation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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