A through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an openable photovoltaic roof with a through-beam wooden structure and a construction method thereof, which belong to the technical field of building structure. The photovoltaic roof is arranged in the through-beam wooden structure, which can provide clean energy for the building during use, is beneficial to reducing the building's consumption of traditional fossil energy, thereby reducing the building's carbon emissions and achieving energy conservation and environmental protection. The openable feature of the photovoltaic roof can adjust the relative angle between the roof and sunlight to achieve maximum acquisition and conversion of solar energy; at the same time, it can make the indoor space transparent, give play to the building's "chimney effect", achieve a more excellent heat dissipation effect, and is beneficial to improving the indoor thermal comfort of the building and reducing energy consumption. The thermal insulation effect of the photovoltaic roof material is better than that of the traditional small green tile roof, and the airtightness and waterproof effect of the photovoltaic roof are also better than those of the traditional small green tile roof. During the long-term use of the roof, it is not easy to leak, break or suffer from other functional losses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of building structures, and in particular relates to an openable photovoltaic roof with a through-beam wooden structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A through-beam timber structure uses beams to connect columns, forming a series of roof trusses. Between the trusses, beams are connected to the columns, creating the load-bearing system of the through-beam structure. The typical roofing system for a through-beam structure involves first placing the purlins directly on the column heads, then vertically arranging the rafters at regular intervals, and finally laying the roof tiles between the rafters. For thousands of years, the through-beam timber structure has been the mainstay of Chinese timber architecture and widely used in residential buildings. It offers advantages such as lightweight timber, low material requirements, ease of construction, and low cost.

[0003] However, it should be noted that traditional through-beam timber structures and their roofs still have many problems, mainly manifested as follows: 1. Traditional timber structures are mostly hand-built by craftsmen, with low construction precision, resulting in poor airtightness and reduced thermal insulation performance of the entire building. In particular, the roof is paved with small green tiles. The gaps between the tiles lead to a direct connection between the indoor and outdoor areas, resulting in low thermal insulation capacity of the indoor space, especially the attic space; 2. Roof purlins are mostly constructed from whole wood. Due to the large difference in diameter between the root and tip of the wood, cutting or other processes are generally required to keep the top surface of the purlins flat, which increases the processing workload and construction difficulty of the purlins, resulting in a certain amount of material waste and increased costs; 3. Roof tiles are laid using a paving construction process, with layers laid from the eaves to the ridge and overlapped up and down. The quality of the paving depends entirely on the proficiency of the workers. In addition, there are no fixing measures between the laid small green tiles and the rafters. Under the long-term influence of natural factors, the roof is prone to cracking, breaking, and slipping, leading to leaks and loss of its protective function. 4. The wooden gables of the through-beam timber structure are essentially closed, forming a confined space with the roof, which makes indoor air circulation difficult. When the indoor temperature of the building is high in the summer, it is difficult to form a "chimney effect", resulting in poor heat dissipation and affecting indoor thermal comfort.

[0004] Against the backdrop of China's rural revitalization and "dual carbon" strategies, the development of green, energy-efficient, and comfortable buildings will be a major trend in future architectural development. It is worth noting that my country's construction industry generates 4.997 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions across its entire construction process, accounting for 50.6% of national carbon emissions. Of this, carbon emissions during the building use phase account for 21.9% of the national total, making its impact particularly significant. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce energy consumption during the use phase of buildings. The "dual carbon" strategy implementation plan calls for the vigorous development of alternative energy sources such as solar and wind power, and distributed photovoltaics is a key technological approach for solar power generation. Therefore, developing photovoltaic power generation capabilities in existing buildings is of great significance for energy conservation and emission reduction in the construction industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof, including supports fixedly installed on the top ends of two support columns, the two support columns are symmetrically arranged, and a photovoltaic roof structure is rotatably installed between the two supports. Hydraulic struts are hinged on the side walls of the support columns, and the ends of the hydraulic struts are hinged to the photovoltaic roof structure. The hydraulic struts are used to push the photovoltaic roof structure to rotate with the supports as the center.

[0007] Preferably, the photovoltaic roof structure includes purlins rotatably connected to the supports, a plurality of stiffening ribs are fixedly mounted on the purlins, the spacing between two adjacent stiffening ribs is the same, the top surface of the stiffening ribs is flat, the top surface of any stiffening rib is fixedly connected to a rafter, and a photovoltaic panel is fixedly mounted above the rafter.

[0008] Preferably, both ends of the purlin are fixedly connected to end plates, a hole is opened in the middle of the end plate, a rolling bearing is fixedly installed in the hole, and the purlin is rotatably connected to the support through the rolling bearing.

[0009] Preferably, the support includes a base plate that is detachably mounted on the top of the support column, a vertical panel is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the base plate, a reserved hole is provided on the top of the vertical panel, a sleeve is fixedly installed in the reserved hole, a sleeve stiffening rib is provided between the sleeve and the base plate, and the sleeve stiffening rib is fixedly connected to the vertical panel; a fixing pin is passed through the sleeve, and the rolling bearing is sleeved on the fixing pin.

[0010] Preferably, a connecting plate is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the rafter and the side wall of the support column, and both ends of the hydraulic strut are hinged to the two connecting plates respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the purlins are round steel tube purlins, and the rafters are rectangular steel tube rafters.

[0012] Preferably, an installation frame is provided on the outside of the photovoltaic roof structure, and the installation frame is fixedly installed on the rafters of the existing building roof. A sealing structure is provided between the installation frame and the photovoltaic roof structure, and the sealing structure is used to seal the gap between the installation frame and the photovoltaic roof structure.

[0013] The top end of the lifting plate is fixedly provided with a first end in the lifting plate, and the second end in the lifting plate is fixedly provided with a first end in the lifting plate, and the second end in the lifting plate is fixedly provided with a second end in the lifting plate.

[0014] Preferably, the inner top of the installation frame and the top of the side wall of the photovoltaic panel are both fixedly connected with elastic rubber sealing strips, and the two elastic rubber sealing strips are correspondingly arranged.

[0015] A construction method for a through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Clean the installation area. Clean the roof tiles of the existing building roof installation area, then saw off the rafters in the installation area and remove the original purlins in the installation area until the column heads of the support columns are exposed.

[0017] S2. Install the support: Use screws to install the support on the head of the support column, and install the connecting plate on the side wall of the support column;

[0018] S3. Installation of the photovoltaic roof structure: hoist the photovoltaic roof structure to the installation area. After hoisting into place, install fixing pins between the support and the rolling bearings at the end of the purlin, and use hydraulic struts to connect the support column and the photovoltaic roof structure to complete the construction.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and technical effects:

[0020] 1. Arranging photovoltaic roofs in through-beam wooden structures can provide clean energy for the building during use, which is conducive to reducing the building's consumption of traditional fossil energy, thereby reducing the building's carbon emissions and further achieving energy conservation and environmental protection;

[0021] 2. The photovoltaic roof's openable feature allows for adjustment of the relative angle between the roof and sunlight, maximizing the capture and conversion of solar energy. It also allows for transparency in the interior, creating a "chimney effect" and achieving superior heat dissipation, thereby improving indoor thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption.

[0022] 3. The thermal insulation effect of photovoltaic roof materials is better than that of traditional small green tile roofs. The airtightness and waterproof effect of photovoltaic roofs are also better than those of traditional small green tile roofs. During the long-term use of the roof, it is not easy to leak, break or lose its function;

[0023] 4. The photovoltaic roof structure is an integral component, which is convenient for hoisting and construction, and can realize rapid installation and removal of the roof. When the house is abandoned, the photovoltaic roof can also be removed for recycling, thus realizing recycling;

[0024] 5. The photovoltaic roof structure is constructed with standardized steel materials, with basically zero error in the geometric dimensions of the components and high processing and manufacturing precision, which can realize standardized production in the factory and improve the quality and efficiency of component manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front elevation view of the round steel tube purlin of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a side elevation view of the round steel tube purlin of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic roof structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a side elevation view of the support of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A top view of the support of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic roof structure of the present invention installed on the roof truss;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the photovoltaic roof structure and the installation frame of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the sealing structure of the present invention;

[0034] Among them, purlin-1, end plate-2, rolling bearing-3, stiffening rib-4, rafter-5, connecting plate-6, photovoltaic panel-7, vertical panel-8, bottom plate-9, casing-10, casing stiffening rib-11, fixing pin-12, hydraulic strut-13, support column-14, mounting frame-15, mounting groove-16, vertical plate-17, first horizontal plate-18, second horizontal plate-19, elastic rubber sealing block-20, elastic rubber sealing groove-21, telescopic rod-22, push plate-23, reset spring-24, blocking plate-25, elastic rubber sealing strip-26;

[0035] Among them, l is the length of the round steel tube purlin; d is the diameter of the round steel tube purlin; b is the support length; w is the support width; h is the support height; s is the spacing between the rectangular steel tube rafters. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] It should be noted that, unless there is a conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0037] The present invention provides an openable photovoltaic roof with a through-beam wooden structure, which includes supports fixedly mounted on the top ends of two support columns 14, the two support columns 14 being symmetrically arranged, and a photovoltaic roof structure being rotatably mounted between the two supports. Hydraulic struts 13 are hinged on the side walls of the support columns 14, and the ends of the hydraulic struts 13 are hinged to the photovoltaic roof structure. The hydraulic struts 13 are used to push the photovoltaic roof structure to rotate with the supports as the center of the circle.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the overall installation of the photovoltaic roof structure and ensure the overall strength of the photovoltaic roof structure, the photovoltaic roof structure includes a purlin 1 rotatably connected to the support, and a plurality of stiffening ribs 4 are fixedly installed on the purlin 1. The spacing between two adjacent stiffening ribs 4 is the same, and the top surface of the stiffening rib 4 is flat. The top surface of any stiffening rib 4 is fixedly connected to a rafter 5, and a photovoltaic panel 7 is fixedly installed above the rafter 5.

[0039] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the control of the rotation of the photovoltaic roof structure, both ends of the purlin 1 are fixedly connected to the end plates 2, a hole is opened in the middle of the end plate 2, and a rolling bearing 3 is fixedly installed in the hole. The purlin 1 is rotatably connected to the support through the rolling bearing 3.

[0040] Furthermore, the support includes a base plate 9 that can be detachably mounted on the top of the support column 14, a vertical panel 8 is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the base plate 9, a reserved hole is provided on the top of the vertical panel 8, a sleeve 10 is fixedly installed in the reserved hole, a sleeve stiffening rib 11 is provided between the sleeve 10 and the base plate 9, and the sleeve stiffening rib 11 is fixedly connected to the vertical panel 8; a fixing pin 12 is passed through the sleeve 10, and the rolling bearing 3 is sleeved on the fixing pin 12.

[0041] Furthermore, a connecting plate 6 is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the rafter 5 and the side wall of the support column 14 , and both ends of the hydraulic strut 13 are hinged to the two connecting plates 6 respectively.

[0042] Furthermore, the purlin 1 is a round steel tube purlin, and the rafter 5 is a rectangular steel tube rafter.

[0043] Furthermore, in order to ensure the sealing of the photovoltaic roof structure after installation, a mounting frame 15 is provided on the outside of the photovoltaic roof structure, and the mounting frame 15 is fixedly installed on the rafters 5 of the existing building roof. A sealing structure is provided between the mounting frame 15 and the photovoltaic roof structure, and the sealing structure is used to seal the gap between the mounting frame 15 and the photovoltaic roof structure; the sealing structure includes a mounting groove 16 provided on the inner wall of the mounting frame 15, a vertical plate 17 is provided in the mounting groove 16, the middle part of the vertical plate 17 is hinged to the groove wall of the mounting groove 16, the bottom end of the vertical plate 17 is fixedly connected to the first horizontal plate 18, the top end of the vertical plate 17 is fixedly connected to the second horizontal plate 19, and the end of the second horizontal plate 19 is fixedly connected to the elastic rubber sealing block 20, the photovoltaic panel An elastic rubber sealing groove 21 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the plate 7, and the elastic rubber sealing block 20 is adapted to the elastic rubber sealing groove 21; a number of telescopic rods 22 are arranged below the elastic rubber sealing groove 21, and the several telescopic rods 22 are fixedly installed on the photovoltaic panel 7, and the end of the telescopic rod 22 is fixedly connected to a push plate 23, which abuts against the first horizontal plate 18, and the bottom end of the push plate 23 is slidingly connected to the groove wall of the mounting groove 16; a reset spring 24 is fixedly connected to the side of the top of the vertical plate 17 away from the second horizontal plate 19, and the end of the reset spring 24 is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the mounting groove 16; a blocking plate 25 is arranged between the first horizontal plate 18 and the second horizontal plate 19, and the blocking plate 25 is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the mounting groove 16.

[0044] In order to further improve the sealing performance of the photovoltaic roof structure, elastic rubber sealing strips 26 are fixedly connected to the inner top of the installation frame 15 and the top of the side wall of the photovoltaic panel 7, and the two elastic rubber sealing strips 26 are correspondingly provided.

[0045] A construction method for a through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof comprises the following steps:

[0046] S0. First, process and manufacture the photovoltaic roof structure and its supports. For the photovoltaic roof structure, cut the round steel tube purlins according to the roof frame spacing. The two ends of the purlin 1 are closed with end plates 2. The center of the end plate 2 is opened and the rolling bearing 3 is welded. After the purlin 1 is processed, the stiffening ribs 4 are welded on the purlin 1 according to the designed spacing, and the rectangular steel tube rafters are welded above the stiffening ribs 4. After the rafters 5 are welded, first weld the hydraulic support rods 13 and the connecting plate 6 under the rafters 5 close to the support. , then install the photovoltaic panel 7 above the rafter 5. At this point, the photovoltaic roof structure is completed; as for the support, the support is triangular and consists of four parts: vertical panel 8, bottom plate 9, sleeve 10 and sleeve stiffening rib 11. The four corners of the bottom plate 9 are opened, and the vertical panel 8 is welded to the center of the bottom plate 9. A reserved hole is set on the top of the vertical panel 8, and the sleeve 10 is welded in the reserved hole; the sleeve stiffening rib 11 is welded between the sleeve 10 and the bottom plate 9. At this point, the support is completed;

[0047] S1. Clean the installation area. Clean the roof tiles in the installation area of ​​the existing building roof, then saw off the rafters 5 in the installation area and remove the original purlins 1 in the installation area until the capitals of the support columns 14 are exposed.

[0048] S2, support installation, use screws to install the support on the head of the support column 14, and install the connecting plate 6 on the side wall of the support column 14;

[0049] S3. Installation of the photovoltaic roof structure: hoist the photovoltaic roof structure to the installation area. After hoisting into place, install the fixing pin 12 between the support and the rolling bearing 3 at the end of the purlin 1, and use the hydraulic strut 13 to connect the support column 14 to the photovoltaic roof structure to complete the construction.

[0050] The through-beam wooden structure provided by the present invention can open the photovoltaic roof. When the photovoltaic roof structure is in the closed state, firstly, the setting of the two elastic rubber sealing strips 26 can play the first sealing and waterproofing effect of the photovoltaic roof structure; secondly, the setting of the elastic rubber sealing block 20 and the elastic rubber sealing groove 21 can achieve the second sealing and waterproofing effect of the photovoltaic roof structure, and the first horizontal plate 18 is pushed by the telescopic rod 22, and the lever formed by the vertical plate 17 is used to make the elastic rubber sealing block 20 on the second horizontal plate 19 form a horizontal squeezing effect on the elastic rubber sealing groove 21, and the setting of the blocking plate 25 limits the movable range of the elastic rubber sealing block 20, thereby improving the elastic rubber sealing block 20 and the elastic rubber sealing groove 21. 1; and when the elastic rubber sealing block 20 squeezes the elastic rubber sealing groove 21, the elastic rubber sealing block 20 and the second horizontal plate 19 are in a slightly inclined state, and can form a guide groove with the elastic rubber sealing groove 21 to drain the water passing through the elastic rubber sealing strip 26 on rainy days. In addition, in order to prevent rainwater from entering the room along the installation groove 16, a drainage groove and a drainage hole can be set on the installation frame 15 below the vertical plate 17 to drain the water entering the installation groove 16, and through the setting of the push plate 23, the bottom of the push plate 23 slides with the groove wall of the installation groove 16, which can also play a role in water blocking, thereby preventing rainwater from entering the room through the gap between the photovoltaic roof structure and the installation frame 15.

[0051] When the photovoltaic roof structure needs to be opened, the telescopic rod 22 is first controlled to shorten so that the push plate 23 slides out of the installation groove 16, and then the photovoltaic roof structure can be rotated with the support as the center by controlling the extension and contraction of the hydraulic support rod 13. During the rotation process, since the elastic rubber sealing strip 26 and the elastic rubber sealing block 20 are both elastic structures, they will not affect the rotation of the photovoltaic roof structure; the openable feature of the photovoltaic roof structure can not only adjust the relative angle between the roof and the sunlight, but also realize the maximum acquisition and conversion of solar energy; at the same time, it can make the indoor space transparent, give play to the "chimney effect" of the building, achieve a better heat dissipation effect, and help improve the indoor thermal comfort of the building and reduce energy consumption.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A through-beam wooden structure with an openable photovoltaic roof, comprising supports fixedly mounted on the top ends of two support columns (14), the two support columns (14) being symmetrically arranged, characterized in that: A photovoltaic roof structure is rotatably mounted between the two supports, a hydraulic strut (13) is hinged on the side wall of the support column (14), the end of the hydraulic strut (13) is hinged to the photovoltaic roof structure, and the hydraulic strut (13) is used to push the photovoltaic roof structure to rotate with the support as the center; The photovoltaic roof structure comprises a purlin (1) rotatably connected to the support, a plurality of stiffening ribs (4) are fixedly mounted on the purlin (1), the spacing between two adjacent stiffening ribs (4) is the same, the top surface of the stiffening rib (4) is a plane, a rafter (5) is fixedly connected to the top surface of any stiffening rib (4), and a photovoltaic panel (7) is fixedly mounted above the rafter (5); An installation frame (15) is provided on the outside of the photovoltaic roof structure, and the installation frame (15) is fixedly installed on the rafters (5) of the existing building roof. A sealing structure is provided between the installation frame (15) and the photovoltaic roof structure, and the sealing structure is used to seal the gap between the installation frame (15) and the photovoltaic roof structure. The sealing structure comprises a mounting groove (16) provided on the inner side wall of the mounting frame (15), a vertical plate (17) is provided in the mounting groove (16), the middle portion of the vertical plate (17) is hinged to the groove wall of the mounting groove (16), the bottom end of the vertical plate (17) is fixedly connected to a first horizontal plate (18), the top end of the vertical plate (17) is fixedly connected to a second horizontal plate (19), the end of the second horizontal plate (19) is fixedly connected to an elastic rubber sealing block (20), an elastic rubber sealing groove (21) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the photovoltaic panel (7), the elastic rubber sealing block (20) is adapted to the elastic rubber sealing groove (21); a plurality of extensions are provided below the elastic rubber sealing groove (21). A retractable rod (22), wherein a plurality of the retractable rods (22) are fixedly mounted on the photovoltaic panel (7), and the end of the retractable rod (22) is fixedly connected with a push plate (23), the push plate (23) abuts against the first transverse plate (18), and the bottom end of the push plate (23) is slidably connected with the groove wall of the mounting groove (16); a top of the vertical plate (17) is fixedly connected with a reset spring (24) on a side away from the second transverse plate (19), and the end of the reset spring (24) is fixedly connected with the groove wall of the mounting groove (16); a blocking plate (25) is provided between the first transverse plate (18) and the second transverse plate (19), and the blocking plate (25) is fixedly connected with the groove wall of the mounting groove (16); The inner top of the installation frame (15) and the side wall top of the photovoltaic panel (7) are both fixedly connected with elastic rubber sealing strips (26), and the two elastic rubber sealing strips (26) are correspondingly arranged.

2. The through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Both ends of the purlin (1) are fixedly connected to end plates (2), a hole is provided in the middle of the end plate (2), a rolling bearing (3) is fixedly installed in the hole, and the purlin (1) is rotatably connected to the support via the rolling bearing (3).

3. The through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The support comprises a base plate (9) detachably mounted on the top end of the support column (14); a vertical panel (8) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top end of the base plate (9); a reserved hole is provided at the top of the vertical panel (8); a sleeve (10) is fixedly installed in the reserved hole; a sleeve stiffening rib (11) is provided between the sleeve (10) and the base plate (9); the sleeve stiffening rib (11) is fixedly connected to the vertical panel (8); a fixing pin (12) is passed through the sleeve (10), and the rolling bearing (3) is sleeved on the fixing pin (12).

4. The through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A connecting plate (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the bottom of the rafter (5) and the side wall of the support column (14), and both ends of the hydraulic support rod (13) are hinged to the two connecting plates (6) respectively.

5. The through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The purlin (1) is a round steel tube purlin, and the rafter (5) is a rectangular steel tube rafter.

6. A construction method for a through-beam wooden structure openable photovoltaic roof, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Cleaning the installation area: clean the roof tiles of the installation area of ​​the existing building roof, then saw off the rafters (5) of the installation area, and remove the original purlins (1) of the installation area until the capitals of the support columns (14) are exposed; S2, mounting the support, mounting the support on the column head of the support column (14) using screws, and mounting the connecting plate (6) on the side wall of the support column (14); S3, installation of the photovoltaic roof structure, hoisting the photovoltaic roof structure to the installation area, after hoisting into place, installing the fixing pin (12) between the support and the rolling bearing (3) at the end of the purlin (1), and using the hydraulic strut (13) to connect the support column (14) and the photovoltaic roof structure to complete the construction.

Images