A shield starting machine for tunnel engineering

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunneling shield starting machine, comprising a pre-embedded steel shell, a removable steel shell, and a composite sealing device. The pre-embedded steel shell and at least one layer of the removable steel shell are sequentially and consistently sealed and docked. The removable steel shell is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped ring blocks connected end to end. The inner walls of the pre-embedded steel shell and the removable steel shell are both provided with the composite sealing device extending circumferentially into a ring. The composite sealing device comprises a stacked outer protective film, an expansion bladder, an inner protective film, and a flexible sealing plate. The composite sealing device is fixedly connected to the pre-embedded steel shell or the removable steel shell on both sides by bolts passing through the flexible sealing plate, inner protective film, expansion bladder, and outer protective film. The outer protective film is located between the cylinder wall and the expansion bladder, and the inner protective film is located between the expansion bladder and the flexible sealing plate. The invention improves the safety of shield starting, while reducing the construction cost of shield engineering and improving efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering shield machines, in particular to a tunnel engineering shield starting machine. Background Art

[0002] In urban subway construction, due to limitations of site or ground conditions, end reinforcement cannot be implemented or the end reinforcement effect cannot meet the requirements for shield starting. Therefore, how to start the shield safely, practically and economically is a very important link in shield engineering.

[0003] In traditional construction methods, the end soil is often reinforced before the shield starts. The purpose of reinforcement is mainly two-fold: on the one hand, it is to improve the strength and stability of the soil behind the portal retaining wall to prevent the soil from becoming unstable after the shield breaks through the wall, causing stratum deformation and ground subsidence or even collapse; on the other hand, the reinforced soil can form an effective water-stop curtain within a certain range of the tunnel entrance to prevent groundwater from seeping into the working well from the tunnel entrance after the tunnel entrance is opened, especially in sandy soil layers with high groundwater levels and high permeability. If there is a large loss of groundwater in the soil layer, it will also cause ground subsidence.

[0004] At present, the forms of shield starting end reinforcement mainly include grouting reinforcement, rotary jet reinforcement, mixing pile reinforcement and freezing reinforcement. However, in actual projects, the stratum structure is often more complex. The current various reinforcement processes and reinforcement body detection methods have certain limitations. The effect of end reinforcement cannot be fully guaranteed, the shield starting risk cannot be fully controlled, and the starting requirements cannot be met well. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel engineering shield starting machine that can replace stratum reinforcement, solve the shield starting problem through a mechanical structure, and at the same time improve efficiency and reduce engineering costs.

[0006] A tunnel engineering shield starting machine includes a pre-embedded steel shell, a removable steel shell and a composite sealing device. The pre-embedded steel shell and at least one layer of the removable steel shell are sealed and docked in a corresponding and consistent manner. The removable steel shell is composed of several arc-shaped ring blocks connected end to end. The inner walls of the pre-embedded steel shell and the removable steel shell are both provided with the composite sealing device extending into a ring along the circumferential direction. The composite sealing device includes a stacked outer protective film, an expansion bladder, an inner protective film and a flexible sealing plate. The composite sealing device is fixed to the pre-embedded steel shell or the removable steel shell on both sides by bolts passing through the flexible sealing plate, the inner protective film, the expansion bladder and the outer protective film. The outer protective film is located between the cylinder wall and the expansion bladder, and the inner protective film is located between the expansion bladder and the flexible sealing plate.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the flexible sealing plate has two layers in both directions, and the flexible sealing plate on the surface layer is connected by bolts only on one side.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the expansion bladder is an air-filled or water-filled bladder, and the inner protective film is thicker than the outer protective film.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the bottom of the detachable steel shell is installed on a support seat, and the support seat is set on a base through a jack, and the jacks are distributed on both sides of the bottom of the support seat, one on each side.

[0010] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the ring blocks of the detachable steel shell include a left semicircular ring block and a right semicircular ring block located in the upper half, which are symmetrical with each other, and a bottom semicircular ring block located in the lower half.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, flanges are provided at the ends of both the removable steel shell and the embedded steel shell, the removable steel shell and the embedded steel shell are connected by bolts through the flanges, and ribs perpendicular to the flanges are also provided on the outer wall of the removable steel shell at equal intervals in the annular direction.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a grouting pipe is installed on the outer wall of the embedded steel shell, and the embedded steel shell is provided with a grouting hole connected to the grouting pipe.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the detachable steel shell is provided with a grease injection hole.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the shield starting machine of a tunnel engineering project in the embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the embedded steel shell is fixed in the end soil, and the rear end is connected to at least one layer of detachable steel shell, so that the shield machine can be started in the steel shell, and the expansion bladder is filled and expanded to annularly seal against the outer wall of the shield machine, thereby ensuring the sealing effect of the equipment, and is not affected by the end stratum and has good passability. After construction, the detachable steel shell can be separated from the embedded steel shell and disassembled into individual ring blocks, so that it can be reused and easy to assemble and disassemble. Therefore, it not only improves the strength and stability of the soil behind the portal retaining wall, prevents the soil from becoming unstable after the shield breaks the wall, and avoids groundwater from seeping into the working well from the portal after the portal is opened, but also significantly reduces the cost and cost of the shield project, and improves efficiency, solves the problems faced by the shield starting, improves the safety of the shield starting, and at the same time reduces the project cost of the shield project, improves the project efficiency, and obtains better economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the construction structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2is a circumferential cross-sectional view of a sealing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a detachable steel shell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the embedded steel shell and the detachable steel shell in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" used in the present invention should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should also be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the machine or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention uses the terms "first", "second", etc. to describe various information, but this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, "first" information may also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information may also be referred to as "first" information.

[0022] refer to Figure 1-4. A tunnel engineering shield starting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a pre-embedded steel shell 1, a detachable steel shell 2 and a composite sealing device 3. The pre-embedded steel shell 1 and at least one layer of the detachable steel shell 2 are sealed and docked in a corresponding and consistent manner. The detachable steel shell 2 is composed of a number of arc-shaped ring blocks connected end to end. The inner walls of the pre-embedded steel shell 1 and the detachable steel shell 2 are both provided with the composite sealing device 3 extending into a ring along the circumferential direction. The composite sealing device 3 comprises a stacked outer protective film 31, an expansion bladder 32, an inner protective film 33 and a flexible sealing plate 34. The composite sealing device 3 is fixedly connected to the pre-embedded steel shell 1 or the detachable steel shell 2 on both sides by bolts passing through the flexible sealing plate 34, the inner protective film 33, the expansion bladder 32 and the outer protective film 31. The outer protective film 31 is located on the wall of the cylinder. The inner protective film 33 is located between the expansion bladder 32 and the flexible sealing plate 34. The embedded steel shell 1 is fixed in the end soil, and the rear end is connected to at least one layer of detachable steel shell 2. The shield machine can start in the steel shell, and the expansion bladder 32 is filled and expanded to seal the outer wall of the shield machine in an annular manner, thereby ensuring the sealing effect of the equipment, and is not affected by the end stratum and has good passability. After construction, the detachable steel shell 2 can be separated from the embedded steel shell 1 and split into individual ring blocks, so that it can be reused and easy to assemble and disassemble. Therefore, it not only improves the strength and stability of the soil behind the tunnel retaining wall, prevents the soil from becoming unstable after the shield breaks the wall, and avoids groundwater from seeping into the working well from the cave entrance after the tunnel is opened, but also can significantly reduce the cost and cost of the shield project and improve efficiency.

[0023] refer to Figure 2 For example, the flexible sealing plate 34 has two layers in both directions, and the flexible sealing plate 34 on the surface layer is connected by bolts only at one end. Therefore, the flexible sealing plate 34 on the surface layer has more displacement after the expansion bladder 32 is filled and expanded, thereby better sealing against the shield machine. At the same time, the flexible sealing plate 34 on the inner layer and the flexible sealing plate 34 on the surface layer form a double-layer seal, and do not affect the expansion and contraction of the expansion bladder 32, ensuring corresponding flexibility. In addition, the expansion bladder 32 can be well protected by clamping and wrapping the outer protective film 31 and the inner protective film 33.

[0024] refer to Figure 2 Exemplarily, the expansion bladder 32 is an air-filled or water-filled bladder, and the inner protective film 33 is thicker than the outer protective film 31. When the outer shell of the shield machine transmits the abutting force through the flexible sealing plate 34, and the expansion and contraction of the expansion bladder 32 can be protected by the thicker inner protective film 33. Preferably, the inner protective film 33 and the outer protective film 31 are both rubber films with good elasticity and toughness.

[0025] refer to Figure 3For example, the bottom of the removable steel shell 2 is installed on the supporting seat 4, and the supporting seat 4 is set on the base 6 through the jack 5. The jacks 5 are distributed on both sides of the bottom of the supporting seat 4. The jacks 5 can be used to conveniently support and adjust the position of the removable steel shell 2 to achieve precise positioning, so that the removable steel shell 2 and the embedded steel shell 1 are easier to operate when docking. Preferably, the base adopts a concrete base to provide solid support.

[0026] refer to Figure 3 and 4 For example, the ring blocks of the detachable steel shell 2 include a left semicircular ring block 21 and a right semicircular ring block 22 which are symmetrically located in the upper half, and a bottom semicircular ring block 23 located in the lower half. The left semicircular ring block 21, the right semicircular ring block 22 and the bottom semicircular ring block 23 are fastened together by bolts and sealing gaskets are provided between the connecting surfaces, which are convenient for assembly and have good sealing and firmness.

[0027] refer to Figure 1 and 4 Exemplarily, flanges are provided at the ends of the removable steel shell 2 and the embedded steel shell 1, and the removable steel shell 2 and the embedded steel shell 1 are connected by bolts through the flanges. Ribs 24 perpendicular to the flanges are also circumferentially and equidistantly distributed on the outer wall of the removable steel shell 2, and sealing gaskets are provided between the flanges. Therefore, the removable steel shell 2 can be extended to connect one removable steel shell 2 after another using the flanges. At the same time, the ribs 24 not only ensure the structural strength of the removable steel shell 2, but also support the flange well to ensure a firm connection. Preferably, the removable steel shell 2 and the embedded steel shell 1 are both steel shells.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 For example, a grouting pipe 11 is installed on the outer wall of the embedded steel shell 1, and the embedded steel shell 1 is provided with a grouting hole 12 connected to the grouting pipe 11. During construction, grouting operations can be conveniently performed from the outside to the inside through the grouting pipe 11. Preferably, there are four to twelve grouting pipes 11 and grouting holes 12 equidistantly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 For example, the detachable steel shell 2 is provided with grease injection holes 25, through which grease can be injected during construction. Preferably, there are four to twelve grease injection holes 25 equidistantly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0030] In summary, the embodiments of the present invention have the following technical features:

[0031] (1) Applicable to shield tunneling projects under various geological conditions, the construction method of using mechanical devices instead of end reinforcement to ensure the safety of shield tunneling;

[0032] (2) The mechanical device has high reliability, high applicability, and is reusable, and has high economic and practical value;

[0033] (3) The special water-stopping device is composed of a pre-buried steel shell, a detachable steel shell, a flexible sealing plate, an expansion bladder, etc. It has good sealing and water-stopping effects and is flexible in application.

[0034] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel engineering shield starting machine, characterized by: The invention comprises a pre-embedded steel shell, a detachable steel shell and a composite sealing device, wherein the pre-embedded steel shell and at least one layer of the detachable steel shell are sealed and docked in sequence in a corresponding manner, and the detachable steel shell is composed of a plurality of arc-shaped ring blocks connected end to end. The inner walls of the pre-embedded steel shell and the detachable steel shell are provided with the composite sealing device extending into a ring shape along the circumferential direction, and the composite sealing device comprises a stacked outer protective film, an expansion bladder, an inner protective film and a flexible sealing plate, and the composite sealing device is bolted through the flexible sealing plate, the inner layer The protective film, the expansion bladder and the outer protective film are fixedly connected to the embedded steel shell or the removable steel shell, the outer protective film is located between the cylinder wall and the expansion bladder, the inner protective film is located between the expansion bladder and the flexible sealing plate, and the inner protective film is thicker than the outer protective film; the flexible sealing plate has two layers in both directions, and the flexible sealing plate on the surface is connected by bolts only at one side, so that the flexible sealing plate on the surface has more displacement after the expansion bladder is filled and expanded to seal against the shield machine.

2. A tunnel engineering shield starting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion bladder is an air-filled or water-filled bladder.

3. A tunnel engineering shield starting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the detachable steel shell is installed on a supporting seat, and the supporting seat is arranged on a base through a jack, and the jacks are distributed on both sides of the bottom of the supporting seat, one on the left and one on the right.

4. A tunnel engineering shield starting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ring blocks of the detachable steel shell include a left semicircular ring block and a right semicircular ring block located in the upper half, which are symmetrical with each other, and a bottom semicircular ring block located in the lower half.

5. A tunnel engineering shield starting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ends of the removable steel shell and the embedded steel shell are both provided with flanges, and the removable steel shell and the embedded steel shell are connected by bolts through the flanges. Ribs perpendicular to the flanges are also circumferentially and equidistantly distributed on the outer wall of the removable steel shell.

6. A tunnel engineering shield starting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A grouting pipe is installed on the outer wall of the embedded steel shell, and the embedded steel shell is provided with a grouting hole connected with the grouting pipe.

7. A tunnel engineering shield starting machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The detachable steel shell is provided with a grease injection hole.

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