Frequency modulation and peak regulation method and system based on multi-port energy storage system

Abstract

The present disclosure proposes a frequency regulation and peak regulation method and system based on a multi-port energy storage system. The method includes determining a time step, obtaining the rated capacity of the generator set and the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step before the current time step; obtaining the number of frequency regulation battery packs and the number of peak regulation battery packs for the current time step based on the historical frequency regulation instructions and the rated capacity of the generator set; arranging the frequency regulation battery packs and peak regulation battery packs of the previous time step to obtain a target stack, with the frequency regulation battery pack at the top of the target stack; first obtaining the target peak regulation battery pack unit for the current time step from the target stack according to the number of peak regulation battery packs, and then obtaining the target frequency regulation battery pack unit for the current time step from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery packs; controlling the target frequency regulation battery pack unit to respond to the obtained real-time frequency regulation instructions, and controlling the target peak regulation battery pack unit to respond to the obtained real-time peak regulation instructions. The method disclosed in the present disclosure can improve the life of the energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of frequency and peak regulation of power systems, and in particular relates to a frequency and peak regulation method and system based on a multi-port energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of new energy power stations such as wind and solar, the demand for frequency and peak regulation on the power grid is increasing. In order to absorb large-scale new energy electricity and improve the frequency and peak regulation performance of the units, it is often necessary to configure a large-scale energy storage system. There are many technical means of energy storage, such as battery energy storage, supercapacitor energy storage and flywheel energy storage, among which lithium battery energy storage is currently a more mature energy storage technology. Although there are technologies in the existing technology that use energy storage systems to participate in peak and frequency regulation, when using energy storage systems for peak and frequency regulation, the impact of the different characteristics of frequency and peak regulation on the life of the energy storage battery is not fully considered, resulting in low life and safety of energy storage systems used for frequency and peak regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, the present disclosure provides a frequency and peak regulation method and system based on a multi-port energy storage system, the main purpose of which is to improve the life of the energy storage system.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a frequency and peak regulation method based on a multi-port energy storage system is provided. The multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak regulation module, a combined unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module, and an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes multiple battery packs. The energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via an AC bus. The independent energy storage peak regulation module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module. The frequency and peak regulation method includes:

[0005] Determine the time step, obtain the rated capacity of the generator set and the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step of the current time step;

[0006] Determine the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instructions, and then determine the number of battery packs for frequency regulation in the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for peak regulation based on the rated capacity of the generator set, and then determine the number of battery packs for peak regulation in the current time step;

[0007] Arranging the frequency modulation battery pack and the peak shaving battery pack of the previous time step to obtain a target stack, with the frequency modulation battery pack located at the top of the target stack, first obtaining a target peak shaving battery pack unit for the current time step from the target stack according to the number of peak shaving battery packs, and then obtaining a target frequency modulation battery pack unit for the current time step from the target stack according to the number of frequency modulation battery packs;

[0008] A real-time frequency regulation instruction and a real-time peak regulation instruction are obtained, and the target frequency regulation battery pack unit is controlled to respond to the real-time frequency regulation instruction, and the target peak regulation battery pack unit is controlled to respond to the real-time peak regulation instruction.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instructions includes: counting the instruction frequency of the historical frequency regulation instructions in the previous time step; obtaining a frequency histogram based on the instruction frequency; and obtaining the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the frequency histogram.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, obtaining the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the frequency histogram includes: obtaining a probability distribution graph based on the frequency histogram; and obtaining the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the capacity corresponding to a preset probability in the probability distribution graph.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage module further includes a flywheel energy storage unit, and the number of frequency regulation battery packs in the current time step is determined based on the capacity of the flywheel energy storage unit and the frequency regulation energy storage capacity.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the number of battery packs for frequency regulation in the current time step based on the capacity of the flywheel energy storage unit and the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation includes: calculating the difference between the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation and the capacity of the flywheel energy storage unit, and determining the number of battery packs for frequency regulation in the current time step based on the difference.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, determining the peak-shaving energy storage capacity based on the rated capacity of the generator set includes: determining the peak-shaving energy storage capacity based on a preset ratio of the rated capacity of the generator set.

[0014] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a frequency and peak regulation system based on a multi-port energy storage system, comprising a multi-port energy storage system and a control system;

[0015] The multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak-shaving module, a combined unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module and an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes multiple battery packs. The energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via an AC bus. The independent energy storage peak-shaving module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module.

[0016] The control system is used to determine the time step, obtain the rated capacity of the generator set and the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step of the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instructions, and then determine the number of frequency regulation battery packs in the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for peak regulation based on the rated capacity of the generator set, and then determine the number of peak regulation battery packs in the current time step; arrange the frequency regulation battery packs and peak regulation battery packs of the previous time step to obtain a target stack, the frequency regulation battery packs are located at the top of the target stack, first obtain the target peak regulation battery pack unit of the current time step from the target stack according to the number of peak regulation battery packs, and then obtain the target frequency regulation battery pack unit of the current time step from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery packs; obtain real-time frequency regulation instructions and real-time peak regulation instructions, control the target frequency regulation battery pack unit to respond to the real-time frequency regulation instructions, and control the target peak regulation battery pack unit to respond to the real-time peak regulation instructions.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the current limiter module includes two current limiters, and the independent energy storage peak regulation module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are connected to the AC bus through different current limiters respectively.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, the energy storage module further includes a flywheel energy storage unit or a supercapacitor.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present disclosure, a frequency and peak regulation device based on a multi-port energy storage system is also provided, comprising: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the frequency and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system proposed in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure.

[0020] In one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak-shaving module, a combined unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module and an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes multiple battery packs. The energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via an AC bus. The independent energy storage peak-shaving module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module. The frequency regulation and peak-shaving method includes: determining a time step, obtaining a rated capacity of a generator set and a historical frequency regulation instruction of a previous time step of a current time step; determining an energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instruction, and then determining the number of battery packs for frequency regulation of the current time step; determining a rated capacity of a generator set based on the historical frequency regulation instruction ... The rated capacity of the unit determines the peak-shaving energy storage capacity, and then determines the number of peak-shaving battery packs for the current time step; the frequency regulation battery pack and peak-shaving battery pack of the previous time step are arranged to obtain a target stack, with the frequency regulation battery pack at the top of the target stack. First, the target peak-shaving battery pack unit of the current time step is obtained from the target stack according to the number of peak-shaving battery packs, and then the target frequency regulation battery pack unit of the current time step is obtained from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery packs; real-time frequency regulation instructions and real-time peak-shaving instructions are obtained, and the target frequency regulation battery pack unit is controlled to respond to the real-time frequency regulation instruction, and the target peak-shaving battery pack unit is controlled to respond to the real-time peak-shaving instruction. In this case, the number of frequency regulation battery packs and peak shaving battery packs at each current time step can be dynamically adjusted based on the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step; the frequency regulation battery packs and peak shaving battery packs of the previous time step are arranged to obtain a target stack, with the frequency regulation battery pack at the top of the target stack, and the target peak shaving battery pack unit of the current time step is first obtained from the target stack according to the number of peak shaving battery packs, and then the target frequency regulation battery pack unit of the current time step is obtained from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery packs; then the target peak shaving battery pack unit and the target frequency regulation battery pack unit are used to perform frequency and peak regulation, thereby, at each current time step, the frequency regulation battery pack of the previous time step is rotated to the peak shaving battery pack, so that each battery pack can participate in peak shaving or frequency regulation at different time steps, thereby improving the battery life of the energy storage system.

[0021] Additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0023] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a frequency and peak regulation method based on a multi-port energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a multi-port energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0025] Figure 3 A block diagram of a frequency and peak regulation system based on a multi-port energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of a frequency modulation and peak regulation device based on a multi-port energy storage system used to implement the frequency modulation and peak regulation method based on a multi-port energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, with examples illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0028] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0029] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present disclosure, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in the present disclosure refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0030] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present disclosure, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0031] The present disclosure provides a frequency and peak regulation method and system based on a multi-port energy storage system, the main purpose of which is to improve the life of the energy storage system.

[0032] In a first embodiment, Figure 1 A flow chart of a frequency and peak regulation method based on a multi-port energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a multi-port energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak-shaving module, a combined unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module and an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes multiple battery packs. The energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via an AC bus, and the independent energy storage peak-shaving module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the current limiter module includes two current limiters, and the independent energy storage peak regulation module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are connected to the AC bus through different current limiters respectively.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the energy storage module also includes a flywheel energy storage unit or a supercapacitor unit. For other energy storage systems such as flywheel energy storage units or supercapacitor units connected to the AC bus, they account for a smaller proportion compared to battery packs, and are mainly used to jointly respond to frequency modulation instructions with the unit. In other words, power-type energy storage devices such as flywheels or supercapacitors are fixedly used to respond to frequency modulation instructions and do not respond to peak regulation. When responding to frequency modulation, they are called before batteries, and the insufficient part is then called by the energy storage battery used for frequency modulation.

[0036] Take the energy storage module including multiple battery packs and flywheel energy storage units as an example. Figure 2 As shown, the multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak-shaving module, a combined unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module and an energy storage module.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage module includes N battery packs and flywheel energy storage units. N is a natural number greater than 1. Each battery pack and flywheel energy storage unit is connected to a 3kV AC busbar and is relatively independent of each other. This avoids parallel capacity loss and parallel circulating current problems, improves efficiency and safety, and facilitates engineering integration and construction.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, each battery pack can be made up of multiple lithium batteries connected in series. The batteries connected in series in each battery pack are small in scale, highly integrated, and highly modular, and can use standardized products currently on the market.

[0039] like Figure 2As shown, the energy storage module also includes N AC / DC converters (AC / DC) and a power storage converter (PCS), and each battery pack is connected to the AC bus via a separate AC / DC converter (AC / DC). Each battery pack is connected to the DC end of the corresponding AC / DC converter (AC / DC). The flywheel is connected to the AC bus via the power storage converter (PCS). The AC bus is, for example, a 3000V (i.e., 3kV) AC bus. The 3kV AC bus enables the sharing of energy storage modules. The 3kV AC bus can be used not only to share batteries, but also to share energy storage forms such as flywheel energy storage and supercapacitors, thereby achieving the sharing of multiple energy storage methods. In addition, although the battery pack, flywheel energy storage and supercapacitor share the 3kV AC bus, the control strategies of the battery pack, flywheel energy storage and supercapacitor when participating in frequency and peak regulation are different.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via the AC busbar, while the independent energy storage peak-shaving module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module. The current limiter module includes two current limiters: a first current limiter and a second current limiter. The independent energy storage peak-shaving module is connected to the AC busbar via the first current limiter. The combined unit frequency regulation module is connected to the 3kV AC busbar via the second current limiter. The first current limiter includes a current-limiting reactor L1, an explosion device E1, a fuse FU1, and a lightning arrester B1. The second current limiter includes a current-limiting reactor L2, an explosion device E2, a fuse FU2, and a lightning arrester B2. The explosion device can be a switching element.

[0041] The explosive device, fuse, and lightning arrester form ancillary equipment for the current-limiting reactor. These devices are connected in parallel to form a bypass for the current limiter. During normal operation of the multi-port energy storage system, current flows through the bypass. If a short-circuit occurs, the fuse and explosive device in the bypass disconnect the bypass, diverting the current to the current-limiting reactor and preventing the short-circuit current from exceeding the limit. If the explosive device is a switching element, it opens in the event of a short-circuit, disconnecting the bypass.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the combined unit frequency regulation module includes a first transformer, a high-voltage transformer, a generator, and a main transformer. The low-voltage side of the first transformer is connected to a second current limiter. The high-voltage side of the first transformer is connected to the low-voltage busbar of the high-voltage transformer. The high-voltage side of the high-voltage transformer is connected to the low-voltage side of the main transformer, which is also connected to the generator. The high-voltage side of the main transformer is connected to the first power grid busbar. The voltage of the first power grid busbar is, for example, 500 kV. The low-voltage busbar of the high-voltage transformer is, for example, a 10 kV busbar, and the first transformer is used to perform step-up and step-down processing between 10 kV and 3 kV.

[0043] like Figure 2As shown, the independent energy storage peak-shaving module includes a second transformer and a third transformer. The high-voltage side of the second transformer is connected to the second power grid busbar. The low-voltage side of the second transformer is connected to the high-voltage side of the third transformer, and the low-voltage side of the third transformer is connected to the first current limiter. The first transformer is used to perform voltage conversion between 10 kV and 3 kV. The voltage of the second power grid busbar is, for example, 220 kV. The second transformer is used to perform voltage conversion between 220 kV and 35 kV, for example. The third transformer is used to perform voltage conversion between 35 kV and 3 kV, for example.

[0044] The multi-port energy storage system provided in this embodiment can be built in one go.

[0045] The multi-port energy storage system provided in this embodiment can function as both an independent energy storage system and can provide daily peak-shaving auxiliary services through energy storage modules and independent energy storage peak-shaving modules. It can also assist the unit in providing frequency-shaving auxiliary services through energy storage modules and the combined unit frequency-shaving module. Frequency-shaving auxiliary services may be required 96 times or more per day. When the multi-port energy storage system simultaneously participates in frequency-shaving and peak-shaving, the independent energy storage peak-shaving module and the combined unit frequency-shaving module are connected via a 3kV shared AC bus. When a short-circuit fault occurs during operation, both modules will simultaneously provide short-circuit current to the fault point. This short-circuit current will far exceed the short-circuit current tolerance of the equipment designed and selected according to the short-circuit capacity of the individual system. At this time, the bypass of each current limiter in the current limiter module is disconnected, and the current is transferred to the current-limiting reactor, thereby preventing the short-circuit current from exceeding the limit. If there is no fault, the energy storage module, under the control of the control system, participates in peak-shaving through the independent energy storage peak-shaving module using the corresponding peak-shaving battery pack and participates in frequency regulation through the combined unit frequency-shaving module using the corresponding frequency-shaving battery pack and flywheel (or supercapacitor).

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the frequency and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system includes:

[0047] Step S11, determining the time step, obtaining the rated capacity of the generator set and the historical frequency regulation instruction of the previous time step of the current time step.

[0048] In step S11, the time step may be one quarter, but the time step of the present disclosure is not limited thereto.

[0049] In step S11, taking the time step of one quarter as an example, the historical frequency regulation instruction of the previous time step is the historical frequency regulation instruction sent by the power grid to the unit in the previous quarter.

[0050] Step S12: Determine the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on historical frequency regulation instructions, and then determine the number of battery packs for frequency regulation in the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for peak regulation based on the rated capacity of the generator set, and then determine the number of battery packs for peak regulation in the current time step.

[0051] In step S12, determining the frequency modulation energy storage capacity based on historical frequency modulation instructions includes: calculating the frequency of historical frequency modulation instructions in the previous time step; obtaining a frequency histogram based on the instruction frequency; and obtaining the frequency modulation energy storage capacity based on the frequency histogram. Determining the frequency modulation energy storage capacity based on the frequency histogram includes: obtaining a probability distribution graph based on the frequency histogram; and obtaining the frequency modulation energy storage capacity based on the capacity corresponding to a preset probability in the probability distribution graph. The preset probability is, for example, 90%.

[0052] In step S12, if the energy storage module includes only battery packs, the number of battery packs for frequency regulation in the current time step is determined based on the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation and the capacity of each battery pack.

[0053] In step S12, if the energy storage module further includes a flywheel energy storage unit, the number of frequency regulation battery packs for the current time step is determined based on the capacity of the flywheel energy storage unit and the frequency regulation energy storage capacity.

[0054] Determining the number of frequency modulation battery packs for the current time step based on the capacity of the flywheel energy storage unit and the frequency modulation energy storage capacity includes: calculating a difference between the frequency modulation energy storage capacity and the capacity of the flywheel energy storage unit, and determining the number of frequency modulation battery packs for the current time step based on the difference. The number of frequency modulation battery packs for the current time step is determined using the difference and the capacity of each battery pack.

[0055] In step S12, the peak-shaving energy storage capacity is determined based on the rated capacity of the generator set, including: determining the peak-shaving energy storage capacity based on a preset ratio of the rated capacity of the generator set, where the preset ratio is, for example, 30%.

[0056] In step S12 , the number of peak-shaving battery packs for the current time step is determined based on the peak-shaving energy storage capacity and the capacity of each battery pack.

[0057] In step S12, the number of frequency regulation battery packs and peak regulation battery packs for each time step can be dynamically set by the controller according to the actual operating conditions of the local power grid in the previous time step. In this case, the number of frequency regulation and peak regulation is not fixed, which can better adapt to the time requirements of the power grid.

[0058] Step S13, arrange the frequency modulation battery pack and peak modulation battery pack of the previous time step to obtain a target stack, with the frequency modulation battery pack at the top of the target stack, first obtain the target peak modulation battery pack unit of the current time step from the target stack according to the number of peak modulation battery packs, and then obtain the target frequency modulation battery pack unit of the current time step from the target stack according to the number of frequency modulation battery packs.

[0059] In step S13, considering that the charging and discharging characteristics of the battery are different in the two application scenarios of peak shaving and frequency modulation, for peak shaving, charging and discharging are performed once a day, the charging and discharging frequency is low, but the charging and discharging depth is large, and for frequency modulation, charging and discharging are performed multiple times a day, the charging and discharging frequency is high, but the charging and discharging depth is small, so using the controller to regularly (i.e., each time step) rotate the battery pack for frequency modulation and the battery pack for peak shaving is beneficial to improving the life and safety of the energy storage battery.

[0060] In step S13, considering that the peak-shaving energy storage capacity is generally much larger than the frequency-regulating energy storage capacity, the rotation between the frequency-regulating battery pack and the peak-shaving battery pack is not a direct exchange. The specific rotation method is as follows:

[0061] In step S13, the rotation method includes: for the frequency modulation battery group and the peak shaving battery group of the initial time step, the frequency modulation battery group and the peak shaving battery group can be randomly set based on the number of frequency modulation battery groups and the number of peak shaving battery groups. Starting from the second time step, the frequency modulation battery group and the peak shaving battery group of the previous time step are arranged to obtain a target stack, wherein the battery numbers of the frequency modulation battery group and the peak shaving battery group are arranged during the arrangement, and the battery number of the frequency modulation battery group is located at the top of the target stack. After the arrangement is completed, the battery number of the peak shaving battery group is first obtained from the target stack in the order of the number of peak shaving battery groups, and then the battery number of the frequency modulation battery group is obtained from the target stack in the order of the number of frequency modulation battery groups. In this way, the virtual grouping of the battery groups of the current time step is completed.

[0062] In step S13, based on the obtained battery numbers of the peak-shaving battery packs and the battery numbers of the frequency-regulating battery packs, the number of battery packs and the battery pack numbers used for frequency regulation in the energy storage module are initially updated at the current time step to obtain a target frequency-regulating battery pack unit, and the number of battery packs and the battery pack numbers used for peak shaving are updated to obtain a target peak-shaving battery pack unit.

[0063] Step S14, obtaining a real-time frequency modulation instruction and a real-time peak shaving instruction, controlling the target frequency modulation battery pack unit to respond to the real-time frequency modulation instruction, and controlling the target peak shaving battery pack unit to respond to the real-time peak shaving instruction.

[0064] In the frequency regulation and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak regulation module, a joint unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module and an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes multiple battery groups. The energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via an AC bus. The independent energy storage peak regulation module and the joint unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module. The frequency regulation and peak regulation method includes: determining a time step, obtaining the rated capacity of the generator set and the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step of the current time step; determining the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instructions, and then determining the number of battery groups for frequency regulation in the current time step. The target stack is obtained by arranging the frequency regulation battery group and the peak regulation battery group of the previous time step, with the frequency regulation battery group at the top of the target stack. The target peak regulation battery group unit of the current time step is obtained from the target stack according to the number of peak regulation battery groups, and then the target frequency regulation battery group unit of the current time step is obtained from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery groups. The real-time frequency regulation instruction and the real-time peak regulation instruction are obtained, and the target frequency regulation battery group unit is controlled to respond to the real-time frequency regulation instruction and the target peak regulation battery group unit is controlled to respond to the real-time peak regulation instruction. In this case, the number of frequency regulation battery packs and peak shaving battery packs for each current time step can be dynamically adjusted based on the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step; the frequency regulation battery packs and peak shaving battery packs of the previous time step are arranged to obtain a target stack, with the frequency regulation battery pack at the top of the target stack. The target peak shaving battery pack unit of the current time step is first obtained from the target stack according to the number of peak shaving battery packs, and then the target frequency regulation battery pack unit of the current time step is obtained from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery packs; the target peak shaving battery pack unit and the target frequency regulation battery pack unit are then used to perform frequency and peak regulation. Thus, at each current time step, the frequency regulation battery pack of the previous time step is rotated to the peak shaving battery pack, so that each battery pack can participate in peak shaving or frequency regulation at different time steps, thereby improving the battery life of the energy storage system. The frequency regulation and peak shaving method based on the multi-port energy storage system disclosed in the present invention can also be regarded as a frequency regulation and peak shaving method for sharing an energy storage system through an AC bus, which is superior to the existing frequency regulation and peak shaving method.

[0065] The following are system embodiments of the present disclosure, which can be used to implement the method embodiments of the present disclosure. For details not disclosed in the system embodiments of the present disclosure, please refer to the method embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0066] See Figure 3 , Figure 3A block diagram of a frequency modulation and peak shaving system based on a multi-port energy storage system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The frequency modulation and peak shaving system based on a multi-port energy storage system can be implemented as all or part of the system through software, hardware, or a combination of both. The frequency modulation and peak shaving system based on a multi-port energy storage system 10 includes a multi-port energy storage system 11 and a control system 12, wherein:

[0067] The multi-port energy storage system 11 includes an independent energy storage peak-shaving module, a combined unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module, and an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes multiple battery packs. The energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via an AC bus. The independent energy storage peak-shaving module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module.

[0068] The control system 12 is used to determine the time step, obtain the rated capacity of the generator set and the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step of the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instructions, and then determine the number of frequency regulation battery packs in the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for peak regulation based on the rated capacity of the generator set, and then determine the number of peak regulation battery packs in the current time step; arrange the frequency regulation battery packs and peak regulation battery packs of the previous time step to obtain a target stack, with the frequency regulation battery packs at the top of the target stack, first obtain the target peak regulation battery pack unit of the current time step from the target stack according to the number of peak regulation battery packs, and then obtain the target frequency regulation battery pack unit of the current time step from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery packs; obtain real-time frequency regulation instructions and real-time peak regulation instructions, control the target frequency regulation battery pack unit to respond to the real-time frequency regulation instruction, and control the target peak regulation battery pack unit to respond to the real-time peak regulation instruction.

[0069] Optionally, the current limiter module includes two current limiters, and the independent energy storage peak regulation module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are connected to the AC bus through different current limiters respectively.

[0070] Optionally, the energy storage module further includes a flywheel energy storage unit or a supercapacitor.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the structure of the multi-port energy storage system 11 may be specifically described with reference to the relevant description of the above method embodiment.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the control system 12 may specifically refer to the relevant description of the above method embodiment.

[0073] It should be noted that the frequency modulation and peak-shaving system based on the multi-port energy storage system provided in the above embodiment is only illustrated by the division of the above functional modules when executing the frequency modulation and peak-shaving method based on the multi-port energy storage system. In actual application, the above functional distribution can be completed by different functional modules as needed, that is, the internal structure of the frequency modulation and peak-shaving device based on the multi-port energy storage system is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. In addition, the frequency modulation and peak-shaving system based on the multi-port energy storage system provided in the above embodiment and the frequency modulation and peak-shaving method based on the multi-port energy storage system are of the same concept. The implementation process is detailed in the method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0074] The serial numbers of the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0075] In the frequency regulation and peak regulation system based on the multi-port energy storage system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak regulation module, a joint unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module and an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes multiple battery packs. The energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via an AC bus, and the independent energy storage peak regulation module and the joint unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module; the control system is used to determine the time step, obtain the rated capacity of the generator set and the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step of the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instructions, and then determine the number of battery packs for frequency regulation in the current time step; The peak-shaving energy storage capacity is determined based on the rated capacity of the generator set, and then the number of peak-shaving battery groups for the current time step is determined; the frequency regulation battery groups and peak-shaving battery groups of the previous time step are arranged to obtain a target stack, with the frequency regulation battery group at the top of the target stack, and the target peak-shaving battery group unit of the current time step is first obtained from the target stack according to the number of peak-shaving battery groups, and then the target frequency regulation battery group unit of the current time step is obtained from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery groups; real-time frequency regulation instructions and real-time peak-shaving instructions are obtained, and the target frequency regulation battery group unit is controlled to respond to the real-time frequency regulation instruction, and the target peak-shaving battery group unit is controlled to respond to the real-time peak-shaving instruction. In this case, the multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak-shaving module, a combined unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module and an energy storage module. The control system dynamically adjusts the number of frequency regulation battery groups and the number of peak-shaving battery groups in each current time step based on the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step; the frequency regulation battery groups and peak-shaving battery groups of the previous time step are arranged to obtain a target stack, with the frequency regulation battery group at the top of the target stack. First, the target peak-shaving battery group unit of the current time step is obtained from the target stack according to the number of peak-shaving battery groups, and then the target frequency regulation battery group unit of the current time step is obtained from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery groups; then the target peak-shaving battery group unit and the target frequency regulation battery group unit are used to perform frequency and peak regulation, thereby, at each current time step, the frequency regulation battery group of the previous time step is rotated to the peak-shaving battery group, so that each battery group can participate in peak regulation or frequency regulation at different time steps, thereby improving the battery life of the energy storage system. The frequency modulation and peak regulation system based on the multi-port energy storage system disclosed in the present invention can also be regarded as a frequency modulation and peak regulation system that shares the energy storage system through the AC bus. This system is superior to the existing frequency modulation and peak regulation system.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the present disclosure further provides a frequency and peak regulation device based on a multi-port energy storage system, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0077] Figure 4It is a block diagram of a frequency modulation and peak-shaving device based on a multi-port energy storage system used to implement the frequency modulation and peak-shaving method based on a multi-port energy storage system of an embodiment of the present disclosure. The frequency modulation and peak-shaving device based on a multi-port energy storage system is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The frequency modulation and peak-shaving device based on a multi-port energy storage system can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable electronic devices and other similar computing devices. The components shown in this disclosure, the connections and relationships of the components, and the functions of the components are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present disclosure described and / or required in this disclosure.

[0078] like Figure 4 As shown, the frequency-modulation and peak-shaving device 20 based on the multi-port energy storage system includes a computing unit 21, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 22 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 28 into a random access memory (RAM) 23. Various programs and data required for the operation of the frequency-modulation and peak-shaving device 20 based on the multi-port energy storage system can also be stored in the RAM 23. The computing unit 21, ROM 22, and RAM 23 are connected to each other via a bus 24. An input / output (I / O) interface 25 is also connected to the bus 24.

[0079] Multiple components in the multi-port energy storage system-based frequency modulation and peak shaving device 20 are connected to the I / O interface 25, including: an input unit 26, such as a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output unit 27, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 28, such as a disk, optical disk, etc., which is communicatively connected to the computing unit 21; and a communication unit 29, such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 29 allows the multi-port energy storage system-based frequency modulation and peak shaving device 20 to exchange information / data with other multi-port energy storage system-based frequency modulation and peak shaving devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0080] The computing unit 21 can be various general-purpose and / or specialized processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 21 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units that run machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 21 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as executing a frequency and peak regulation method based on a multi-port energy storage system. For example, in some embodiments, the frequency and peak regulation method based on a multi-port energy storage system can be implemented as a computer software program that is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as a storage unit 28. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on the frequency and peak regulation device 20 based on the multi-port energy storage system via the ROM 22 and / or the communication unit 29. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 23 and executed by the computing unit 21, one or more steps of the frequency and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 21 may be configured to execute the frequency and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system in any other appropriate manner (for example, by means of firmware).

[0081] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above in the present disclosure can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), system-on-chip systems (SOCs), programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include being implemented in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system that includes at least one programmable processor, which can be a special purpose or general purpose programmable processor that can receive data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmit data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0082] The program code for implementing the method of the present disclosure can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device so that when the program code is executed by the processor or controller, the functions / operations specified in the flow chart and / or block diagram are implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partially on the machine, as a stand-alone software package, partially on the machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0083] In the present disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that may contain or store a program for use by an instruction execution system, an apparatus, or a frequency modulation and peak shaving device based on a multi-port energy storage system, or for use in conjunction with an instruction execution system, an apparatus, or a frequency modulation and peak shaving device based on a multi-port energy storage system. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. The machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or electronic device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage electronic device, a magnetic storage electronic device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0084] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0085] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system that includes back-end components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system that includes middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system that includes front-end components (e.g., a user computer with a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with implementations of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system that includes any combination of such back-end components, middleware components, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), the Internet, and a blockchain network.

[0086] A computer system may include a client and a server. The client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact via a communication network. This client-server relationship is established by computer programs running on the respective computers, establishing a client-server relationship. The server may be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, a host product within the cloud computing service ecosystem that addresses the management difficulties and limited scalability of traditional physical hosts and VPS services ("Virtual Private Servers" or simply "VPS"). The server may also be a server in a distributed system or a server integrated with blockchain.

[0087] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in this disclosure can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in this disclosure can be achieved. This disclosure is not limited here.

[0088] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure shall be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A frequency modulation and peak regulation method based on a multi-port energy storage system, characterized in that: The multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak-shaving module, a combined unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module, and an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes multiple battery packs. The energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via an AC bus. The independent energy storage peak-shaving module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module. The frequency regulation and peak-shaving method includes: Determine the time step, obtain the rated capacity of the generator set and the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step of the current time step; Determine the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instructions, and then determine the number of battery packs for frequency regulation in the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for peak regulation based on the rated capacity of the generator set, and then determine the number of battery packs for peak regulation in the current time step; Arranging the frequency modulation battery pack and the peak shaving battery pack of the previous time step to obtain a target stack, with the frequency modulation battery pack located at the top of the target stack, first obtaining a target peak shaving battery pack unit for the current time step from the target stack according to the number of peak shaving battery packs, and then obtaining a target frequency modulation battery pack unit for the current time step from the target stack according to the number of frequency modulation battery packs; A real-time frequency regulation instruction and a real-time peak regulation instruction are obtained, and the target frequency regulation battery pack unit is controlled to respond to the real-time frequency regulation instruction, and the target peak regulation battery pack unit is controlled to respond to the real-time peak regulation instruction.

2. The frequency modulation and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instructions includes: The instruction frequency of the historical frequency modulation instructions of the previous time step is counted; a frequency histogram is obtained based on the instruction frequency; and an energy storage capacity for frequency modulation is obtained based on the frequency histogram.

3. The frequency modulation and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The obtaining of the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the frequency histogram includes: A probability distribution diagram is obtained based on the frequency histogram; and a frequency regulation energy storage capacity is obtained based on a capacity corresponding to a preset probability in the probability distribution diagram.

4. The frequency modulation and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage module further includes a flywheel energy storage unit, and the number of frequency regulation battery packs in the current time step is determined based on the capacity of the flywheel energy storage unit and the frequency regulation energy storage capacity.

5. The frequency modulation and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The determining the number of frequency regulation battery packs for the current time step based on the capacity of the flywheel energy storage unit and the frequency regulation energy storage capacity includes: The difference between the frequency regulation energy storage capacity and the capacity of the flywheel energy storage unit is calculated, and the number of frequency regulation battery packs for the current time step is determined based on the difference.

6. The frequency modulation and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of the peak-shaving energy storage capacity based on the rated capacity of the generator set includes: The peak-shaving energy storage capacity is determined based on a preset ratio of the rated capacity of the generator set.

7. A frequency modulation and peak regulation system based on a multi-port energy storage system, characterized in that: Including multi-port energy storage system and control system; The multi-port energy storage system includes an independent energy storage peak-shaving module, a combined unit frequency regulation module, a current limiter module and an energy storage module. The energy storage module includes multiple battery packs. The energy storage module is connected to one end of the current limiter module via an AC bus. The independent energy storage peak-shaving module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the other end of the current limiter module. The control system is used to determine the time step, obtain the rated capacity of the generator set and the historical frequency regulation instructions of the previous time step of the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for frequency regulation based on the historical frequency regulation instructions, and then determine the number of frequency regulation battery packs for the current time step; determine the energy storage capacity for peak regulation based on the rated capacity of the generator set, and then determine the number of peak regulation battery packs for the current time step; arrange the frequency regulation battery packs and peak regulation battery packs of the previous time step to obtain a target stack, the frequency regulation battery packs are located at the top of the target stack, first obtain the target peak regulation battery pack unit of the current time step from the target stack according to the number of peak regulation battery packs, and then obtain the target frequency regulation battery pack unit of the current time step from the target stack according to the number of frequency regulation battery packs; obtain real-time frequency regulation instructions and real-time peak regulation instructions, control the target frequency regulation battery pack unit to respond to the real-time frequency regulation instructions, and control the target peak regulation battery pack unit to respond to the real-time peak regulation instructions.

8. The frequency modulation and peak regulation system based on the multi-port energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The current limiter module includes two current limiters, and the independent energy storage peak regulation module and the combined unit frequency regulation module are respectively connected to the AC bus through different current limiters.

9. The frequency modulation and peak regulation system based on the multi-port energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The energy storage module also includes a flywheel energy storage unit or a supercapacitor.

10. A frequency modulation and peak regulation device based on a multi-port energy storage system, characterized in that: include: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor so that the at least one processor can execute the frequency and peak regulation method based on the multi-port energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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