A prefabricated wall structure and its assembly method

Abstract

This invention discloses a prefabricated wall structure and its assembly method. The wall structure includes several wall units. Each wall unit has a left-side convex structure and a right-side concave structure. A steel plate is installed on top of the wall unit and has a top convex structure. The right end of the steel plate protrudes from the right side of the wall unit and has a strip-shaped hole. A threaded hole is provided on the left side of the top of the wall unit. In the assembly method, a bolt is passed through the strip-shaped hole of the fixed wall unit and screwed into the threaded hole of the movable wall unit. A worker pushes the movable wall unit, assembling the convex structure on the left side of the movable wall unit with the concave structure on the right side of the fixed wall unit. Because the assembled wall units fit accurately and the bolts maintain the relative position of the two wall units, there is no assembly stress or the assembly stress at the assembly point is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering construction technology, specifically to prefabricated buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Prefabricated wall structures are constructed by assembling several wall units. These wall units can be pre-assembled concrete, wood, or composite material units. Each wall unit has an identical structure, making it suitable for mass production. Each wall unit has a convex structure on its side, as well as a concave structure that mates with the convex structure. Two wall units, one above the other, and two wall units, one to the left and one to the right, are assembled together through the corresponding convex and concave structures. For example, patent document CN214423820 U discloses a novel lightweight exterior wall panel for prefabricated buildings. The wall panel layer (equivalent to a wall unit) has a positioning block (equivalent to a convex structure) on its side, and a positioning groove (concave structure) that mates with the positioning block. Two wall panel layers are assembled together through the corresponding upper and lower positioning blocks and positioning grooves, and two wall panel layers are assembled together through the corresponding left and right positioning blocks and positioning grooves.

[0003] Any type of wall unit, especially a concrete unit, is large in size and heavy. When assembling two wall units, it is difficult for the convex (or concave) structure of the moving wall unit (the one to be assembled) to align with the concave (or convex) structure of the fixed wall unit (already assembled with other wall units). While workers can use large machinery to move the moving wall unit to complete the assembly, accurately aligning the convex and concave structures places excessive demands on the operators of such machinery. Therefore, in practice, workers use large machinery to lift the moving wall unit with ropes, bringing it close to the fixed wall unit. The workers then push the moving wall unit to align the corresponding convex and concave structures and assemble them together. This combination of mechanical and manual operation has the following areas for improvement: First, the ropes are flexible, making it difficult to ensure the wall unit is vertical when lifting it, but both must be vertical when assembling a moving wall unit and a fixed wall unit. Second, the ropes are flexible, and when a worker pushes a wall unit horizontally, a convex structure on the same side of the wall unit may mate with a corresponding concave structure, but other convex structures may not mate with their corresponding concave structures. That is, several convex structures on the same side of the wall unit cannot be horizontally and simultaneously assembled with corresponding concave structures on another wall unit. Third, if the concave and convex structures are not accurately aligned, forcibly assembling two wall units may cause the convex structure to crack, or there may be significant assembly stress at the assembly point, making it difficult to guarantee the quality of the assembled wall structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is: how to accurately align adjacent wall units during the assembly process of a prefabricated wall structure.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a prefabricated wall structure, comprising several wall units, the top of the wall unit having a top convex structure, the bottom of the wall unit having a bottom concave structure, the left side of the wall unit having a left convex structure, the right side of the wall unit having a right concave structure, the top convex structure being disposed on a steel plate, the steel plate being installed on the top of the wall unit, the right end of the steel plate protruding from the right side of the wall unit, the right end of the steel plate having a strip hole, and the left side of the top of the wall unit having a first threaded hole; in two adjacent wall units, the first bolt in the strip hole of the steel plate on the left wall unit is screwed into the first threaded hole of the right wall unit.

[0006] For clarity, the wall unit already fixed to the foundation is referred to as the fixed wall unit, and the wall unit to be installed alongside it is referred to as the movable wall unit. Workers use heavy machinery and ropes to lift the movable wall unit, bringing it close to the right side of the fixed wall unit. By pushing or holding the movable wall unit, the worker passes the first bolt through the slotted hole in the fixed wall unit and screws it into the first threaded hole in the movable wall unit. Because the first bolt can move left and right and swing back and forth within the slotted hole, it can be easily screwed into the first threaded hole even if the first threaded hole of the movable wall unit is not perfectly aligned with the slotted hole of the fixed wall unit. As the worker tightens the first bolt, the first threaded hole naturally aligns with the slotted hole. This vertical alignment ensures that the movable wall unit and the fixed wall unit are not misaligned in the front-to-back direction. The next step is to adjust the relative vertical position of the movable wall unit and the fixed wall unit. While the large machinery holds the movable wall unit in place, the worker adjusts the first bolt to slightly adjust the height of the movable wall unit, aligning the convex structure on the left side of the movable wall unit with the concave structure on the right side of the fixed wall unit. Then, the worker pushes the movable wall unit to the left, assembling the convex structure on the left side of the movable wall unit with the concave structure on the right side of the fixed wall unit. Simultaneously, the first bolt moves to the left along the slotted hole.

[0007] The prefabricated wall structure of this invention, because its wall units use steel plates with strip-shaped holes and first bolts that cooperate with the strip-shaped holes, can effectively lock the relative positions of two adjacent wall units when assembling them, and can accurately align the convex and concave structures of the two adjacent wall units, thereby producing the following technical effects: First, the assembly of two adjacent wall units becomes simple. Workers can push one wall unit to make the corresponding convex and concave structures of the two wall units cooperate simultaneously and quickly to complete the assembly of the two wall units; Second, because the two assembled wall units are accurately matched, and the first bolt still maintains the relative position of the two wall units, there is no assembly stress (or internal stress) or the assembly stress is reduced at the assembly point (or connection point) of the two wall units.

[0008] Based on the above-mentioned prefabricated wall structure design, this application also provides a method for assembling a prefabricated wall structure, including the following steps:

[0009] The first step is to fix the first wall unit on the foundation, and the first wall unit becomes the fixed wall unit.

[0010] The second step is to install a steel plate on top of the first wall unit, with the right end of the steel plate protruding from the right side of the first wall unit.

[0011] The third step involves using large machinery to lift the second wall unit, which becomes the movable wall unit. This second wall unit is moved to the right of the first wall unit, initially aligning it with the first wall unit. Workers then thread the first bolt through the slotted hole in the first wall unit and into the first threaded hole in the second wall unit. The large machinery uses ropes to lift the second wall unit because workers need to push and adjust its position during assembly.

[0012] In the fourth step, the worker tightens the first bolt to fine-tune the height of the second wall unit, aligning the convex structure on the left side of the second wall unit with the concave structure on the right side of the first wall unit.

[0013] In the fifth step, the worker pushes the second wall unit so that the convex structure on the left side of the second wall unit matches the concave structure on the right side of the first wall unit; wherein, the number of convex structures on the left side is certain, and the number of concave structures on the right side is the same as the number of concave structures on the left side, and they can be aligned and matched one by one;

[0014] The sixth step is to stack a second layer of wall units on top of the first layer of wall units after the first layer of wall units are assembled. Several wall units connected on the left and right are located at the bottom layer of the entire prefabricated wall structure and are called the first layer of wall units. A layer of wall units stacked on top of the first layer of wall units is called the second layer of wall units. A layer of wall units stacked on top of the second layer of wall units is called the third layer of wall units, and so on, until the prefabricated wall structure is completed. The assembly method of two adjacent wall units on the left and right in any layer of wall units adopts the second to fifth steps mentioned above. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of wall unit 10;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram obtained from viewing the wall unit from below;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of two adjacent wall units in any layer of wall unit;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Exploded view;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of steel plate 20;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of sleeve 42;

[0022] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of a single-story wall unit;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a two-layer wall unit.

[0024] Explanation of symbols in the diagram:

[0025] 1. First-layer wall unit; 2. Second-layer wall unit;

[0026] 10. Wall unit; 101. First wall unit; 102. Second wall unit; 11. Bottom concave structure; 12. Left convex structure; 120. Vertical hole; 13. Right concave structure; 14. First threaded hole; 15. Second threaded hole; 16. Vertical through hole;

[0027] 20. Steel plate; 21. Top convex structure; 22. Strip hole; 23. Connecting hole;

[0028] 31. First bolt; 32. Second bolt;

[0029] 40. Perforation assembly; 41. Sleeve; 410. Opening on the side wall of the sleeve; 42. Center rod. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Combination Figures 1 to 4 A prefabricated wall structure includes several wall units 10. The top of the wall unit is provided with a top convex structure 21, the bottom of the wall unit is provided with a bottom concave structure 11, the left side of the wall unit is provided with a left convex structure 12, and the right side of the wall unit is provided with a right concave structure 13. The top convex structure is set on a steel plate 20, which is installed on the top of the wall unit. The right end of the steel plate protrudes from the right side of the wall unit, and the right end of the steel plate is provided with a strip hole 22. The left side of the top of the wall unit is provided with a first threaded hole 14. In two adjacent wall units, the first bolt 31 that fits in the strip hole of the steel plate on the left wall unit is screwed into the first threaded hole of the right wall unit.

[0031] refer to Figures 1 to 4 An assembly method for a prefabricated wall structure includes the following steps.

[0032] The first step is to fix the first wall unit 101 to the foundation. Several convex structures can be installed on the foundation, and the concave structure 11 at the bottom of the first wall unit 101 fits into these convex structures to fix the first wall unit 101 to the foundation. Locking bolts in the front-to-back direction can be installed on the first wall unit 101 to lock it onto the convex structures of the foundation.

[0033] The second step involves installing a steel plate 20 on top of the first wall unit, with the right end of the steel plate protruding from the right side of the first wall unit. The slotted hole 22 at the right end of the steel plate fully protrudes from the right side of the first wall unit 101, facilitating the subsequent horizontal sliding of the first bolt 31 within the slotted hole 22.

[0034] The third step involves using large machinery to hoist the second wall unit 102 via ropes. During hoisting, the second wall unit is kept as upright as possible. Then, the second wall unit 102 is moved to the right side of the first wall unit 101, with the right-side convex structure 12 of the second wall unit approaching the right-side concave structure 13 of the first wall unit 101, but not inserting it. Workers, in coordination with the large machinery, initially align the second wall unit 102 with the first wall unit 101. The workers then thread the first bolt 31 through the slotted hole 22 of the first wall unit and into the first threaded hole 14 of the second wall unit. After tightening the first bolt, the second wall unit 102 moves upward relative to the first wall unit 101. At this point, the front and back of the two wall units are aligned, without misalignment.

[0035] In the fourth step, the worker tightens the first bolt 31 to fine-tune the height of the second wall unit 102. The second wall unit rises or falls relative to the first wall unit 101, so that all the left convex structures 12 of the second wall unit are aligned with all the right concave structures 13 of the first wall unit.

[0036] In the fifth step, the worker pushes the second wall unit 102 to the left, causing all the left convex structures 12 of the second wall unit to mate with all the right concave structures 13 of the first wall unit 101. At this point, the right side of the first wall unit 101 is in contact with the left side of the second wall unit 102.

[0037] Step 6, refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8After assembling the two wall units according to steps two through five above, assemble the third wall unit located to the right of the second wall unit with the second wall unit according to steps two through five above. Then, assemble the fourth wall unit located to the right of the third wall unit with the third wall unit, and so on, to complete the assembly of the first layer of wall units. If there is a gap between the bottom surface of the second wall unit 102, the third wall unit, ..., the Nth wall unit in the first layer of wall units and the foundation, filler such as concrete mortar can be used to fill the gap. After completing the assembly of the first layer of wall units, assemble the first wall unit of the second layer of wall units onto the leftmost wall unit of the first layer of wall units, i.e., the first wall unit 101 of the first layer of wall units. The bottom concave structure 11 of the first wall unit of the second layer of wall units mates with the top convex structure 21 of the first wall unit of the first layer of wall units, and locking bolts in the front-to-back direction can be used to lock the bottom concave structure and the top convex structure of the two wall units together. Afterwards, the assembly method between the left and right adjacent wall units of the second layer of wall units is the same as steps two through five above. After the second wall unit is assembled, the third wall unit is assembled on top of it, and so on, until the entire assembled wall structure is completed.

[0038] To complete the translation of the second wall unit 102 towards the first wall unit 101 in steps three through five, in any layer of wall units, starting from the second wall unit, the lateral length of the bottom concave structure 11 of each wall unit must be greater than the top convex structure 21. In the first layer of wall units, starting from the second wall unit, the lateral length of the bottom concave structure 11 of each wall unit must be greater than the convex structure on the foundation.

[0039] Combination Figures 3 to 5 The length of the steel plate 20 is equal to the length of the top surface of the wall unit 10, and the width of the steel plate is equal to the width of the top surface of the wall unit. The steel plate has several connecting holes 23, and the top surface of the wall unit has second threaded holes 15 aligned with the connecting holes. The steel plate 20 is installed on the top of the wall unit using second bolts 32 that mate with the connecting holes and the second threaded holes. After the second bolts 32 mate with the aligned second threaded holes 15 and connecting holes 23, the steel plate protrudes from the right side of the wall unit 10. Since the length of the steel plate 20 is equal to the left-right length of the top surface of the wall unit 10, taking the first wall unit as an example, the right end of the steel plate on the first wall unit 101 can be aligned with the left end of the steel plate on the second wall unit 102 to ensure a gapless wall structure. The width of the steel plate is equal to the width of the top surface of the wall unit, making the front and back of the entire wall structure flat.

[0040] like Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4The left convex structure 12 has a vertical hole 120, and the wall unit 10 has a vertical through hole 16 that penetrates the right concave structure 13. For two adjacent wall units assembled together, the through hole assembly 40 is vertically inserted into the vertical through hole of the left wall unit and the vertical through hole of the right wall unit. After the right concave structure 13 of the first wall unit 101 mates with the left convex structure 12 of the second wall unit 102, the right side of the first wall unit and the left side of the second wall unit are in close contact, and the vertical hole 120 and the vertical through hole 16 are vertically aligned. The through hole assembly 40, inserted from top to bottom into the vertical hole 120 and the vertical through hole 16, can lock the two adjacent wall units.

[0041] like Figure 4 Alternatively, the perforated assembly 40 includes a sleeve 41 and a center rod 42, with the center rod inserted into the sleeve already inserted into the wall unit 10. Wall units are large in size and are engineering materials, resulting in significant tolerances. The vertical hole 120 and the vertical perforation 16 may be difficult to align accurately. Therefore, workers first insert the sleeve 41, with an outer diameter smaller than the vertical hole 120 or the vertical perforation 16, into the vertical hole 120 and the vertical perforation 16. Then, the center rod 42 is inserted into the sleeve 41, radially expanding the sleeve to tighten it within the vertical hole 120 and the vertical perforation 16, thus stabilizing the fit between adjacent wall units.

[0042] like Figure 6 As an improvement, the side wall opening of the sleeve 41 results in a smaller outer diameter of the sleeve 41 when the central rod 42 is not inserted, facilitating its insertion into the vertical hole 120 and the vertical through hole 16. After the central rod 42 is inserted, the sleeve is stretched open due to the presence of the opening 410 and is tightened within the vertical hole 120 and the vertical through hole 16.

[0043] like Figure 4 As an improvement, the center rod 42 comprises several segments, such as three segments. The first segment is driven into the sleeve 41, the second segment is driven into the sleeve, pushing the first segment downwards, and the third segment is driven into the sleeve, pushing the second and first segments downwards. The segmented center rod facilitates worker operation.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. The content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fabricated wall structure comprising a plurality of wall units (10), the top of the wall unit being provided with a top male structure (21), the bottom of the wall unit being provided with a bottom female structure (11), the left side of the wall unit being provided with a left male structure (12), and the right side of the wall unit being provided with a right female structure (13), characterized in that: The top convex structure is arranged on a steel plate (20) which is installed on the top of the wall unit, the right end of the steel plate protrudes the right side of the wall unit, the right end of the steel plate is provided with a strip-shaped hole (22), and the left side of the top of the wall unit is provided with a first threaded hole (14); in the left and right adjacent two wall units, a first bolt (31) is matched in the strip-shaped hole of the steel plate of the wall unit on the left side, and is screwed in the first threaded hole of the wall unit on the right side; The left convex structure (12) is provided with a vertical hole (120), and the wall unit (10) is provided with a vertical through hole (16) vertically penetrating the right concave structure (13); the left and right adjacent two wall units assembled together, a through hole assembly (40) is vertically arranged in the vertical through hole of the wall unit on the left side and the vertical hole of the wall unit on the right side; The through hole assembly (40) comprises a sleeve (41) and a center rod (42), the center rod is inserted into the sleeve which has been inserted into the wall unit (10); The side wall of the sleeve (41) is open.

2. A fabricated wall structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The length of the steel plate (20) is equal to the length of the top surface of the wall unit (10), and the width of the steel plate is equal to the width of the top surface of the wall unit; a plurality of connecting holes (23) are arranged on the steel plate, and a second threaded hole (15) aligned with the connecting hole is arranged on the top surface of the wall unit, and the steel plate (20) is installed on the top of the wall unit by the second bolt (32) matched with the connecting hole and the second threaded hole.

3. A method of assembling the fabricated wall structure of claim 1, wherein The method comprises the following steps: The first step is to fix the first wall unit (101) on the foundation; The second step is to install the steel plate (20) on the top of the first wall unit, and the right end of the steel plate protrudes the right side of the first wall unit; The third step is to use large mechanical equipment to lift the second wall unit (102) and move it to the right side of the first wall unit (101), so that the second wall unit is preliminarily aligned with the first wall unit, and the worker screws the first bolt (31) through the strip-shaped hole (22) of the first wall unit and the first threaded hole (14) of the second wall unit; The fourth step is that the worker twists the first bolt (31) to fine-tune the height of the second wall unit (102), so that the left convex structure (12) of the second wall unit is aligned with the right concave structure (13) of the first wall unit; The fifth step is that the worker pushes the second wall unit (102) so that the left convex structure (12) of the second wall unit is matched with the right concave structure (13) of the first wall unit (101); The sixth step is to stack the second layer of wall units on the first layer of wall units after the first layer of wall units is assembled.

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