A cavitation device for a cross-media aircraft

Abstract

The present invention relates to a cavitation device for a cross-medium aircraft, comprising: a conical cavitator (11), a flow guiding bowl structure (12) coaxially connected to the conical cavitator (11), a gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13) connected to the flow guiding bowl structure (12), and a gas-liquid transmission assembly (14) connected to the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13); the conical cavitator (11) is used to introduce external water and send it to a solid ramjet gas generator through the flow guiding bowl structure (12), the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13) and the gas-liquid transmission assembly (14) in sequence; and, the gas-liquid transmission assembly (14) extracts the gas in the solid ramjet gas generator and outputs it to the outside through the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13) and the flow guiding bowl structure (12) in sequence to generate cavitation bubbles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cross-media aircraft, and in particular to a cavitation device for a cross-media aircraft. Background Art

[0002] At present, the commonly used weapons in the ocean battlefield mainly include torpedoes and anti-ship missiles. As a main underwater offensive and defensive weapon, the torpedo has the advantages of large striking power, good concealment, high hit rate, strong anti-interference ability, etc.; the missile has the advantages of long range, high speed, and strong maneuverability. However, with the development of modern offensive and defensive technologies, conventional aircraft (missiles / torpedoes) that navigate in a single medium have become increasingly difficult to efficiently break through the fleet anti-missile network. Therefore, the concept of cross-media aircraft has been proposed.

[0003] Compared with single-medium aircraft, cross-media aircraft have the characteristics of fast flight speed in the air and good underwater concealment effect. They can effectively enhance the maneuverability, flexibility and evasion ability of weapons, and have the ability of rapid launch and response. They are suitable for performing various complex tasks and have very broad application prospects.

[0004] In order to meet the needs of cross-media aircraft for the thrust system in water, a new type of power system - water ramjet engine has emerged in recent years. When the water ramjet engine works, water is introduced into the combustion chamber through the water inlet duct. In the combustion chamber, the water will react with the metal fuel carried by the engine itself, and the generated high-temperature and high-pressure gas will enter the nozzle of the engine to generate thrust. The advantage of using water as an oxidant is that the engine does not need to carry the oxidant itself, so that the engine can carry more fuel and generate a higher specific impulse.

[0005] In addition, when the cross-media aircraft runs at ultra-high speed in water, supercavitation will occur in the seawater near the wall surface, that is, the fluid near the wall surface of the vehicle body changes from water to gas. Since the density of the gas is much smaller than that of water, the navigation resistance of the torpedo is greatly reduced, and it can thus maintain a high-speed navigation state in water. Supercavitation technology is also an important technical means for underwater vehicles to increase the speed and range. In order to ensure that the supercavity on the torpedo surface can be stably generated and cover the entire torpedo body, artificial ventilation is often carried out at the torpedo head to realize the supercavitation technology.

[0006] The water ramjet engine generally captures seawater through a cavitator at the torpedo head and guides it to the combustion chamber through the water inlet pipeline system. The cavitation gas required for cavitation is also transported to the torpedo head. Therefore, at the torpedo head, there will be problems related to the guidance and regulation (diversion and mass control) of at least two types of fluids: seawater used as an oxidant for combustion and gas used as cavitation gas to generate supercavitation.

[0007] The existing seawater guiding and regulating device for torpedoes and the guiding and regulating device for cavitation gas are separated from each other in spatial arrangement, resulting in low utilization rate of the space inside the torpedo body. Since the common main water inlet pipeline is often arranged along the axis of the torpedo body, the arrangement positions of other devices of the torpedo are limited. For example, the device for generating cavitation gas can only be placed on one side of the body, increasing the burden of evenly discharging cavitation gas along the circumferential direction of the body. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cavitation device for a trans-medium aircraft.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides a cavitation device for a trans-medium aircraft, including: a conical cavitator, a guiding bowl structure coaxially connected to the conical cavitator, a gas-liquid guiding and regulating device connected to the guiding bowl structure, and a gas-liquid transmission assembly connected to the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device;

[0010] The conical cavitator is used to introduce external water and send it to the solid ramjet gas generator through the guiding bowl structure, the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device, and the gas-liquid transmission assembly in sequence; and, the gas-liquid transmission assembly extracts the gas in the solid ramjet gas generator and outputs it to the outside through the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device and the guiding bowl structure in sequence to generate cavitation bubbles.

[0011] According to one aspect of the present invention, the conical cavitator includes: a cone cap part, a cone bottom part, and an intermediate partition;

[0012] The large-diameter end of the cone cap part is fixedly connected to the cone bottom part;

[0013] The intermediate partition is arranged in the cone cap part at an interval from the cone bottom part, and a water inlet cavity is formed between the intermediate partition and the cone bottom part;

[0014] A plurality of water inlets for communicating the water inlet cavity are arranged at intervals on the cone cap part between the intermediate partition and the cone bottom part;

[0015] A water outlet for communicating the water inlet cavity is arranged at the central position of the cone bottom part.

[0016] According to one aspect of the present invention, the guiding bowl structure includes: a connecting body and a plurality of bowl-shaped guiding parts;

[0017] Along the axis of the connecting body, a plurality of the bowl-shaped guiding parts are arranged at intervals;

[0018] The connecting body is provided with a water inlet flow channel and an air outlet cavity;

[0019] The water inlet flow channel is coaxially arranged with the connecting body and penetrates through its opposite ends;

[0020] The water inlet channel is connected to the water outlet;

[0021] The air outlet cavity is coaxially arranged around the water inlet channel, and the air outlet cavity and the water inlet channel are isolated from each other;

[0022] An air outlet hole for communicating with the air outlet cavity is arranged on the radial outer side wall of the connecting body, and an air inlet hole for communicating with the air outlet cavity is arranged at the axial rear end of the connecting body;

[0023] The radial dimensions of the adjacent bowl-shaped flow guide parts are increased in sequence in a direction away from the conical cavitator, and the bowl-shaped flow guide parts and the air outlet holes are alternately arranged in sequence.

[0024] According to one aspect of the present invention, the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device comprises: a first shell, a second shell, a water flow regulator and a cavitation gas flow regulator;

[0025] The first shell is in the shape of a hollow cone as a whole, with a first opening at its small diameter end and an air inlet connection port and a water outlet connection port at its large diameter end;

[0026] The second shell is an axisymmetric hollow structure, which is coaxially arranged inside the first shell with the first shell, one end of which is a shell fixing end fixedly connected to the bottom of the first shell, and the other end is a shell docking end;

[0027] The first shell and the second shell form a first installation cavity for installing the cavitation gas flow regulator, and the air inlet connection port is in communication with the first installation cavity;

[0028] The hollow portion of the second shell forms a second installation cavity for installing the water flow regulator;

[0029] The second shell has a second opening for water inlet at its shell docking end, and a third opening at its shell fixing end, and the third opening is connected to the water outlet connection port;

[0030] A gas outlet butt joint opening communicating with the first installation cavity is formed between the butt joint end of the second shell and the small diameter end of the first shell;

[0031] The second opening is connected to the water inlet channel, and the air outlet docking opening is connected to the air inlet hole.

[0032] According to one aspect of the present invention, the end of the shell butt end is flush with the end of the small diameter end of the first shell, or the end of the shell butt end exceeds the end of the small diameter end of the first shell.

[0033] According to one aspect of the present invention, the second housing includes a conical barrel section and a cylindrical barrel section that are coaxially arranged;

[0034] The large-diameter end of the conical barrel section is fixedly connected to the cylindrical barrel section, and its small-diameter end forms the housing docking end of the second housing;

[0035] The third opening is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical barrel section away from the conical barrel section;

[0036] The water flow regulator is arranged coaxially with the cylindrical barrel section in the cylindrical barrel section.

[0037] According to one aspect of the present invention, the water flow regulator is integrally in a cylindrical structure, and a water passage is arranged at its central position;

[0038] Along the axial direction of the cylindrical barrel section, the water flow regulator and the relative two ends of the cylindrical barrel section are respectively arranged at intervals;

[0039] The cavitation gas flow regulator is integrally in an annular structure, and a plurality of gas passage openings are arranged at intervals along its circumferential direction;

[0040] The cavitation gas flow regulator is sleeved on the outer side surface of the cylindrical barrel section coaxially with the second housing, and the radially outer side surface of the cavitation gas flow regulator is arranged in contact with the inner side surface of the first housing.

[0041] According to one aspect of the present invention, a flow splitting structure is arranged in the first housing;

[0042] The flow splitting structure includes a baffle and a side plate;

[0043] The baffle is an annular plate, which is sleeved on the outer side surface of the cylindrical barrel section through a hollow part, and its radially outer side surface is connected to the inner side wall of the first housing;

[0044] The side plate is located between the baffle and the bottom plate of the large-diameter end of the first housing, and is used to divide a rear liquid accumulation cavity communicating the third opening and the water outlet connection port and a rear gas collection cavity communicating the first installation cavity and the air inlet connection port;

[0045] An opening is arranged at the position of the baffle corresponding to the rear gas collection cavity;

[0046] Along the axial direction of the first housing, the relative two ends of the side plate are respectively connected to the baffle and the bottom plate of the large-diameter end of the first housing;

[0047] Along the radial direction of the first housing, the relative two ends of the side plate are respectively connected to the outer side wall of the cylindrical barrel section and the inner side wall of the first housing;

[0048] Circumferentially along the first housing, a plurality of the side plates are arranged at equal intervals.

[0049] According to one aspect of the present invention, the gas-liquid transmission assembly includes: a gas guide pipe, a water guide pipe, a heat exchanger, an air induction pipe, and a water delivery pipe;

[0050] One end of the gas guide pipe is connected to the air inlet connection port of the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger;

[0051] One end of the air induction pipe is connected to the heat exchanger, and the other end is connected to the second hollow container of the solid ramjet gas generator; wherein, the position where the air induction pipe is connected to the second hollow container is adjacent to the tail end of the second hollow container.

[0052] One end of the water guide pipe is connected to the water outlet connection port of the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger;

[0053] One end of the water delivery pipe is connected to the heat exchanger, and the other end is connected to the second hollow container of the solid ramjet gas generator; wherein, a spray nozzle is provided at one end of the water delivery pipe connected to the second hollow container.

[0054] According to one aspect of the present invention, the heat exchanger includes: a hollow heat exchanger housing, and a spiral heat exchange tube provided in the heat exchanger housing;

[0055] The heat exchanger housing is integrally in a ring-shaped hollow structure, and at both axial ends thereof, a gas collecting cavity structure for connecting the spiral heat exchange tube is provided, and a heat exchanger water inlet and a heat exchanger water outlet for communicating with the hollow part of the heat exchanger housing are respectively provided at both axial ends of the heat exchanger housing, and a heat exchanger air inlet and a heat exchanger air outlet for communicating with the gas collecting cavity structure are provided;

[0056] The heat exchanger water inlet is connected to the water guide pipe, and the heat exchanger water outlet is connected to the water delivery pipe;

[0057] The heat exchanger air inlet is connected to the air induction pipe, and the heat exchanger air outlet is connected to the gas guide pipe.

[0058] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention first completes partial cavitation by a conical cavitator, and then uses the high-temperature gas in the gas generating device as the cavitation gas to supplement air, and finally realizes the complete cavitation of the aircraft, thereby effectively ensuring that the supercavity wraps the entire vehicle body.

[0059] According to one solution of the present invention, the present invention realizes the heat exchange between seawater and high-temperature gas, and further realizes the recycling of heat.

[0060] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention realizes a method of using combustion exhaust gas as cavitation gas, effectively avoiding the disadvantages of carrying a high-pressure gas source (fluidizing gas), and further improving the payload of the system adopting the present invention.

[0061] According to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention realizes a multi-functional diversion structure that uniformly diverts gas outside the diversion bowl and diverts water inside; at the same time, the diversion bowl structure adopts a two-layer skirt structure design, improving the uniformity of the circumferential distribution of the fluidizing gas and effectively increasing the effectiveness and stability of the cavitation device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cavitation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conical cavitator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 is a schematic connection structural diagram of a conical cavitator and a diversion bowl structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a diversion bowl structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas-liquid guiding and regulating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a gas-liquid guiding and regulating device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 7 is a schematic representation of Figure 6 the cross-sectional view in the A-A direction in

[0069] Figure 8 is a schematic representation of Figure 6 the cross-sectional view in the B-B direction in

[0070] Figure 9 is a schematic representation of Figure 6 the cross-sectional view in the C-C direction in

[0071] Figure 10 is a schematic representation of Figure 6 the cross-sectional view in the D-D direction in

[0072] Figure 11 is a schematic connection structural diagram of a gas-liquid guiding and regulating device and a gas-liquid transmission component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Figure 13 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Figure 14 is a schematic connection structure diagram of a gas-liquid transmission component and a solid-impulse gas generator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0076] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0077] When describing the embodiments of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationships expressed by the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the relevant accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0078] The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The embodiments cannot be elaborated one by one here, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0079] As Figure 1 shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation device is used to generate supercavitation when the trans-medium aircraft sails in water to ensure the sailing speed and stability of the trans-medium aircraft. A cavitation device for a trans-medium aircraft of the present invention includes: a conical cavitator 11, a flow guiding bowl structure 12 coaxially connected to the conical cavitator 11, a gas-liquid guiding and adjusting device 13 connected to the flow guiding bowl structure 12, and a gas-liquid transmission component 14 connected to the gas-liquid guiding and adjusting device 13. In this embodiment, the conical cavitator 11, the flow guiding bowl structure 12, and the gas-liquid guiding and adjusting device 13 are all axisymmetric structures.

[0080] In this embodiment, the conical cavitator 11 is used to complete partial cavitation during underwater navigation. At the same time, it can introduce external water and send it to the solid ramjet gas generator through the flow guiding bowl structure 12, the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device 13, and the gas-liquid transmission component 14 in sequence. Moreover, the gas-liquid transmission component 14 extracts the gas in the solid ramjet gas generator and outputs it to the outside through the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device 13 and the flow guiding bowl structure 12 to generate cavitation bubbles, further increasing the cavitation effect during underwater navigation. Specifically, to achieve air intake into the flow guiding bowl structure 12 and water supply to the solid ramjet gas generator during underwater navigation. First, the conical cavitator 11 completes partial cavitation. Secondly, the high-temperature gas in the solid ramjet gas generator is used as cavitation gas for air replenishment. Finally, the complete cavitation of the aircraft is achieved, effectively ensuring that the supercavity wraps the entire vehicle body.

[0081] In this embodiment, the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device 13 guides the gas into the flow guiding bowl structure 12 and flows out through the small holes inside the flow guiding bowl structure 12 to achieve the supplementation of the supercavity gas flow rate. Through this kind of flow guiding bowl structure 12, a stable and smooth transparent cavitation surface can be generated, which is the most commonly used configuration and can be generated at an oncoming flow velocity (10 m / s) or even a lower oncoming flow velocity.

[0082] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the conical cavitator 11 includes: a cone cap part 111, a cone bottom part 112, and an intermediate partition 113. In this embodiment, the large-diameter end of the cone cap part 111 is fixedly connected to the cone bottom part 112; the intermediate partition 113 is arranged in the cone cap part 111 at an interval from the cone bottom part 112, and is used to enclose an installation cavity for installing other structures between the intermediate partition 113 and the cone cap part 111, and to enclose a water inlet cavity between the intermediate partition 113 and the cone bottom part 112; a plurality of water inlets 111a for communicating the water inlet cavity are arranged at intervals on the cone cap part 111 between the intermediate partition 113 and the cone bottom part 112. In this embodiment, a water outlet 112a for communicating the water inlet cavity is arranged at the central position of the cone bottom part 112. Furthermore, during the underwater navigation of the aircraft, water is introduced into the water inlet cavity through the water inlets 111a and sent to the structure at the rear end through the water outlet 112a. In this embodiment, 8 water inlets 111a are arranged at equal intervals.

[0083] Combined with Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the diversion bowl structure 12 includes: a connecting body 121 and a plurality of bowl-shaped diversion parts 122. In this embodiment, along the axial direction of the connecting body 121, the plurality of bowl-shaped diversion parts 122 are arranged at intervals. In this embodiment, the connecting body 121 is provided with a water inlet channel 121a and an air outlet cavity 121b; the water inlet channel 121a is coaxially arranged with the connecting body 121 and penetrates through its opposite ends; wherein, one end of the water inlet channel 121a is hermetically butted with the water outlet 112a of the conical cavitator 11 at the conical bottom part 112, and the other end is hermetically connected to the gas-liquid guiding and adjusting device 13.

[0084] In this embodiment, the air outlet cavity 121b is coaxially arranged around the water inlet channel 121a, and the air outlet cavity 121b is arranged separately from the water inlet channel 121a; wherein, the air outlet cavity 121b is an annular cavity, and it is coaxially arranged around the water inlet channel 121a. In this embodiment, an air outlet hole 121c for communicating with the air outlet cavity 121b is arranged on the radial outer wall of the connecting body 121, and an air inlet hole 121d for communicating with the air outlet cavity 121b is arranged at the axial rear end of the connecting body 121; in this embodiment, the air inlet hole 121d arranged at the rear end of the connecting body 121 is used for hermetically butting with the gas-liquid guiding and adjusting device 13. In this embodiment, a plurality of air inlet holes 121d are arranged at the rear end of the connecting body 121 and are distributed in an annular array. Correspondingly, all the interfaces of the gas-liquid guiding and adjusting device 13 need to be butted with the air inlet holes 121d to ensure the airtightness of the connection.

[0085] In this embodiment, the radial dimensions of adjacent bowl-shaped diversion parts 122 increase in sequence along the direction away from the conical cavitator 11. In this embodiment, there are two bowl-shaped diversion parts 122. Among them, the maximum radial dimension of the bowl-shaped diversion part 122 at the front end is smaller than the maximum radial dimension of the bowl-shaped diversion part 122 at the rear end. In this embodiment, the front side surfaces of the bowl-shaped diversion part 122 at the front end and the bowl-shaped diversion part 122 at the rear end are of different shapes. Among them, the front side surface of the bowl-shaped diversion part 122 at the front end is a straight-edge conical surface, and the front side surface of the bowl-shaped diversion part 122 at the rear end is an arc-edge conical surface.

[0086] In this embodiment, the bowl-shaped diversion parts 122 and the air outlet holes 121c are arranged alternately in sequence along the direction away from the conical cavitator 11. In this embodiment, a plurality of air outlet holes 121c are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the connecting body 121. It should be noted that the number of air outlet holes 121c arranged on the connecting body 121 can be set according to actual needs. For example, the number of circumferential settings or the number of axial arrangements, etc.

[0087] Combined Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the function of the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device 13 is to adjust the flow rate of cavitation gas and the flow rate of water in real time according to the navigation conditions. Specifically, it includes: a first housing 131, a second housing 132, a water flow rate regulator 133, and a cavitation gas flow rate regulator 134. In this embodiment, the first housing 131 is integrally a hollow cone shape, with a first opening 131a at its small diameter end, and its large diameter end is closed by a bottom plate, but an air inlet connection port 131b and a water outlet connection port 131c are provided at intervals on the bottom plate. In this embodiment, the second housing 132 is an axisymmetric hollow structure, which is coaxially arranged inside the first housing 131. One end is a housing fixed end fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the first housing 131, and the other end is a housing docking end.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first housing 131 and the second housing 132 enclose a first installation cavity for installing the cavitation gas flow rate regulator 134; the hollow part of the second housing 132 constitutes a second installation cavity for installing the water flow rate regulator 133.

[0089] In this embodiment, a second opening 132a is provided at the housing docking end of the second housing 132 for docking with the water inlet channel 121a of the diversion bowl structure 12 to facilitate the input of external water. In this embodiment, the second opening 132a and the water inlet channel 121a can be connected by means such as threaded connection, as long as the connection requirements are met. In this embodiment, the end of the housing docking end of the second housing 132 is flush with the end of the small diameter end of the first housing 131, or the end of the housing docking end of the second housing 132 extends beyond the end of the small diameter end of the first housing 131. It should be noted that when the housing docking end of the second housing 132 extends beyond the end of the small diameter end of the first housing 131, for the convenience of connection, the housing docking end can extend into the water inlet channel 121a for connection at this time.

[0090] Through the above settings, it is convenient to dock with external structures and is also conducive to ensuring the isolation of the first installation cavity and the second installation cavity.

[0091] In this embodiment, a third opening 132b is provided at the housing fixed end of the second housing 132 for communicating the second installation cavity and the water outlet connection port 131c.

[0092] In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the housing docking end of the second housing 132 is smaller than the diameter of the first opening 131a. Thus, an annular space can be formed between the outer side surface of the housing docking end of the second housing 132 and the inner side surface of the small-diameter end of the first housing 131, and this annular space can constitute an air outlet docking opening communicating with the first installation cavity. In this embodiment, the first installation cavity is communicated with the air inlet connection port 131b, so as to realize the gas flow in the direction from the air inlet connection port 131b to the air outlet docking opening.

[0093] In this embodiment, the second housing 132 includes a conical cylinder section 1321 and a cylindrical section 1322 that are coaxially arranged. Among them, the housing docking end of the second housing 132 is arranged at the small-diameter end of the conical cylinder section 1321, and one end of the cylindrical section 1322 far from the conical cylinder section 1321 constitutes the housing fixed end of the second housing 132. In this embodiment, the radial dimension of the large-diameter end of the conical cylinder section 1321 is larger than the radial dimension of the cylindrical section 1322. In this embodiment, the third opening 132b is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical section 1322 far from the conical cylinder section 1321.

[0094] In this embodiment, the water flow regulator 133 is coaxially arranged inside the cylindrical section 1322, and the cavitation air flow regulator 134 is coaxially arranged outside the cylindrical section 1322. In this embodiment, the water flow regulator 133 is integrally in a cylindrical structure, and a water passage is arranged at its central position. In this embodiment, the water flow regulator 133 is used to adjust the inlet water flow and increase the water pressure at the same time to ensure that the water flow can be output from the rear. Specifically, the cross-sectional opening size of the water passage can be controlled to control the corresponding water flow and water pressure. For example, at least one blade with an adjustable position can be arranged in the water passage to realize the adjustment of the cross-sectional opening size. Of course, other structures can also be used to achieve the function of adjusting the cross-sectional opening size, which will not be elaborated here.

[0095] In this embodiment, along the axial direction of the cylindrical section 1322, the water flow regulator 133 and the two opposite ends of the cylindrical section 1322 are respectively arranged at intervals.

[0096] Through the above settings, in the present invention, the second housing 132 effectively increases the volume on the water inlet side of the second housing 132 by arranging the conical cylinder section 1321 at the front end, and thus can more favorably store the input water, so as to effectively ensure that there is sufficient water volume on the water inlet side of the water flow regulator 133 to be transported to the rear side, ensuring the working stability of the present invention.

[0097] In addition, by setting the conical cylinder section 1321, the cooperation between the outer side surface of the conical cylinder section 1321 and the second housing 132 is realized, so that an annular gas transmission channel with a certain axial length is formed between the conical cylinder section 1321 and the second housing 132, realizing the gradual reduction of the first installation cavity to the outer gas transmission channel in the radial direction, effectively ensuring the stability of the air flow and facilitating the accurate control of the gas flow rate.

[0098] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the cavitation gas flow regulator 134 is integrally in an annular structure, and a plurality of gas passing channels are arranged at intervals along its circumferential direction. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional opening size of the gas passing channel can be controlled to control the corresponding water flow rate and water flow pressure. For example, at least one blade with an adjustable position can be arranged in the gas passing channel to realize the adjustment of the cross-sectional opening size. Of course, other structures can also be used to achieve the function of adjusting the cross-sectional opening size, which will not be elaborated here. In this embodiment, the cavitation gas flow regulator 134 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side surface of the cylindrical section 1322 of the second housing 132, and the radially outer side surface of the cavitation gas flow regulator 134 is in contact with the inner side surface of the first housing 131. Through the above settings, the cavitation gas flow regulator 134 divides the first installation cavity into front and rear parts, and then the air flow input from the rear side can only enter the front side when passing through the gas passing channels of the cavitation gas flow regulator 134 to realize the control of the air flow. In this embodiment, the cavitation gas flow regulator 134 is arranged at the position of the cylindrical section 1322 of the second housing 132, so that the cavitation gas flow regulator 134 is closer to the large-diameter end of the first housing 131, and the front cavity of the cavitation gas flow regulator 134 is larger, which is beneficial to the storage of the air flow, and thus can effectively ensure the stability of the air flow output of the present invention.

[0099] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, two air inlet connection ports 131b and two water outlet connection ports 131c are respectively provided, and are arranged at equal intervals from each other. Among them, along the radial direction of the first housing 131, the two air inlet connection ports 131b are arranged oppositely, and the two water outlet connection ports 131c are arranged oppositely.

[0100] Combined with Figure 1 ,Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 , according to an embodiment of the present invention, a flow splitting structure 1311 is provided in the first housing 131; wherein, the flow splitting structure 1311 includes: a baffle 1311a and a side plate 1311b. In this embodiment, the baffle 1311a is an annular plate, which is sleeved on the outer side surface of the cylindrical section 1322 through a hollow portion, and its radially outer side surface is connected to the inner side wall of the first housing 131. In this embodiment, the side plate 1311b is located between the baffle 1311a and the bottom plate of the large-diameter end of the first housing 131, and is used to divide the rear liquid accumulation cavity a communicating with the third opening 2b and the water outlet connection port 131c and the rear gas collection cavity b communicating with the first installation cavity and the air inlet connection port 131b. In this embodiment, the rear liquid accumulation cavity a and the water outlet connection port 131c are provided in one-to-one correspondence, and the rear gas collection cavity b and the air inlet connection port 131b are provided in one-to-one correspondence.

[0101] In this embodiment, an opening is provided at a position of the baffle 1311a corresponding to the rear gas collection cavity.

[0102] Combined with Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown in Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 and Figure 11 , according to an embodiment of the present invention, the side plate 1311b is a strip-shaped plate body. Among them, along the axial direction of the first housing 131, the opposite ends of the side plate 1311b are respectively connected to the baffle 1311a and the bottom plate of the large-diameter end of the first housing 131; in this embodiment, along the radial direction of the first housing 131, the opposite ends of the side plate 1311b are respectively connected to the outer side wall of the cylindrical section 1322 and the inner side wall of the first housing 131; wherein, the thickness of the side plate 1311b gradually increases along the direction away from the cylindrical section 1322. In this embodiment, along the circumferential direction of the first housing 131, a plurality of side plates 1311b are provided at equal intervals; among them, four side plates 1311b are provided at equal intervals, so as to realize the four-equal division of the space between the baffle 1311a and the bottom plate, thereby forming the required rear liquid accumulation cavity a and rear gas collection cavity b.

[0103] It should be noted that the number of the air inlet connection port 131b and the water outlet connection port 131c in this solution can also be set to other numbers, for example, 3, 4, etc. Correspondingly, increasing the number of the side plates 1311b on the flow splitting structure 1311 can correspondingly divide the corresponding rear liquid accumulation cavity a and rear gas collection cavity b.

[0104] To further illustrate the present solution, the working process of the present solution will be further elaborated.

[0105] Seawater guiding and regulating process: Seawater flows along the positive x-axis direction (i.e., from the small-diameter end to the large-diameter end of the first housing 131). After the seawater enters the conical section 1321 of the second housing 132, the flow rate of the seawater is controlled by the water flow regulator 133, and then it is transported to the space behind the water flow regulator 133. Through the third opening 132b provided, the seawater flows into the symmetrically arranged rear liquid accumulation chambers a here respectively, and finally is output through the water outlet connection port 131c connected to the rear liquid accumulation chamber a.

[0106] Cavitation gas guiding and regulating process: The cavitation gas flows along the negative x-axis direction. After the cavitation gas enters the rear gas collection chamber b through the air inlet connection port 131b, it enters the first installation chamber through the opening corresponding to the baffle 1311a and the rear gas collection chamber b, and then the flow rate of the cavitation gas is controlled by the cavitation gas flow regulator 134, and finally is discharged along the negative x-axis direction through the gas outlet docking opening.

[0107] Combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 12 and Figure 14 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the gas-liquid transmission assembly 14 includes: a gas guide pipe 141, a water guide pipe 142, a heat exchanger 143, an air guide pipe 144 and a water delivery pipe 145. In this embodiment, one end of the gas guide pipe 141 is connected to the air inlet connection port 131b of the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device 13, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger 143; one end of the air guide pipe 144 is connected to the heat exchanger 143, and the other end is connected to the solid ramjet gas generator; wherein, the position where the air guide pipe 144 is connected to the solid ramjet gas generator is located at the tail end. In this embodiment, one end of the water guide pipe 142 is connected to the water outlet connection port 131c of the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device 13, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger 143; one end of the water delivery pipe 145 is connected to the heat exchanger 143, and the other end is connected to the solid ramjet gas generator; wherein, a atomizing nozzle is provided at one end of the water delivery pipe 145 connected to the solid ramjet gas generator.

[0108] In this embodiment, at least two pipes connected to the solid ramjet gas generator are spaced on the same water delivery pipe 145, and all have corresponding atomizing nozzles. Through the above settings, the distribution range of water in the afterburning chamber is increased, and the mixing combustion in the afterburning chamber is further promoted.

[0109] Combined with Figure 12 and Figure 13As shown in the figure, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchanger 143 includes: a hollow heat exchanger housing 1431, and a spiral heat exchange tube 1432 disposed within the heat exchanger housing 1431; the heat exchanger housing 1431 is integrally in an annular hollow structure, and gas collecting cavity structures for connecting the spiral heat exchange tube 1432 are respectively disposed at both axial ends thereof. Further, a heat exchanger water inlet 143a and a heat exchanger water outlet 143b for communicating with the hollow portion of the heat exchanger housing 1431, and a heat exchanger gas inlet 143c and a heat exchanger gas outlet 143d for communicating with the gas collecting cavity structure are respectively disposed at both axial ends of the heat exchanger housing 1431. In this embodiment, the heat exchanger water inlet 143a is connected to the water guide pipe 142, and the heat exchanger water outlet 143b is connected to the water delivery pipe 145; the heat exchanger gas inlet 143c is connected to the gas guide pipe 144, and the heat exchanger gas outlet 143d is connected to the gas guide pipe 141. The heat of the high-temperature gas is used for heating water through the provided heat exchanger 143, realizing the regeneration of the heat of the high-temperature gas.

[0110] In this embodiment, a plurality of spiral heat exchange tubes 1432 are provided. Among them, the spiral heat exchange tube 1432 is deflected by 90° during the process of passing through the inside of the heat exchanger housing 1431. Therefore, the heat exchanger gas inlet 143c / heat exchanger water inlet 143a and the heat exchanger gas outlet 143d / heat exchanger water outlet 143b also rotate by 90° after passing through the heat exchanger.

[0111] In this embodiment, the gas collecting cavity structure adopts an arc-shaped plate body, and its radial width is consistent with the radial width of the hollow part of the heat exchanger housing 1431. Furthermore, an arc-shaped gas collecting cavity is formed by fixedly connecting the gas collecting cavity structure to the inside of the heat exchanger housing 1431. In this embodiment, the length of the gas collecting cavity structure is five-sixths of the circumferential length of the heat exchanger housing 1431. In this embodiment, both circumferential ends of the gas collecting cavity structure are closed by baffles to ensure the isolation of the gas collecting cavity from the remaining hollow part of the heat exchanger housing 1431. In this embodiment, the ends of the spiral heat exchange tubes 1432 are connected in an array manner on the gas collecting cavity structure to realize the simultaneous communication of a plurality of spiral heat exchange tubes 1432 with the gas collecting cavity.

[0112] In this embodiment, two gas guide pipes 141, two water guide pipes 142, two gas guide pipes 144, and two water delivery pipes 145 are respectively provided and are symmetrically arranged.

[0113] Since the cavitation gas is taken from the end of the afterburning chamber of the solid ramjet gas generator, thermal calculations show that the gas temperature at the end of the afterburning chamber reaches 2500K. For the cavitation gas, such a high temperature is not required for its operation, and after being transmitted through the pipeline, such a high temperature poses a great threat to the safety of the entire vehicle. At the same time, the seawater temperature obtained externally is about 280K. Tests show that the lower the water temperature, the less conducive it is to the operation of the water ramjet engine. If the temperature of the water entering the afterburning chamber can be increased, it will help improve the engine performance. Therefore, the present invention proposes a heat exchanger. Before the seawater enters the afterburning chamber, it first passes through the heat exchanger, and the heat in the high-temperature gas is used to heat the seawater, thereby realizing the recycling of heat.

[0114] The above content is only an example of the specific solution of the present invention. For the equipment and structures not described in detail therein, it should be understood that the existing general equipment and general methods in the art are adopted for implementation.

[0115] The above is only one solution of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cavitation device for a cross-media aircraft, characterized in that, include: A conical cavitator (11), a flow guide bowl structure (12) coaxially connected to the conical cavitator (11), a gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13) connected to the flow guide bowl structure (12), and a gas-liquid transmission component (14) connected to the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13); The conical cavitator (11) is used to introduce water from the outside and sequentially transmit it to the solid-fuel gas generator (a) through the guide bowl structure (12), the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13) and the gas-liquid transmission component (14); and the gas-liquid transmission component (14) draws out the gas in the solid-fuel gas generator (a) and sequentially transmits it to the outside through the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13) and the guide bowl structure (12) to generate cavitation bubbles; The conical cavitator (11) comprises: a cone cap portion (111), a cone bottom portion (112) and a middle partition plate (113); The large diameter end of the cone cap portion (111) is fixedly connected to the cone bottom portion (112); The middle partition (113) is arranged in the cone cap part (111) with a gap between it and the cone bottom part (112), and a water inlet cavity is formed between the middle partition (113) and the cone bottom part (112); A plurality of water inlets (111a) for communicating with the water inlet chamber are arranged at intervals on the cone cap portion (111) between the middle partition plate (113) and the cone bottom portion (112); A water outlet (112a) for communicating with the water inlet cavity is provided at the center of the cone bottom portion (112); The flow-guiding bowl structure (12) comprises: a connecting body (121) and a plurality of bowl-shaped flow-guiding portions (122); Along the axial direction of the connecting body (121), a plurality of the bowl-shaped flow-guiding portions (122) are arranged at intervals; The connecting body (121) is provided with a water inlet channel (121a) and an air outlet cavity (121b); The water inlet channel (121a) is coaxially arranged with the connecting body (121) and passes through two opposite ends thereof; The water inlet channel (121a) is connected to the water outlet (112a); The air outlet cavity (121b) and the water inlet flow channel (121a) are coaxially arranged around the water inlet flow channel (121a), and the air outlet cavity (121b) and the water inlet flow channel (121a) are isolated from each other; An air outlet hole (121c) for communicating with the air outlet cavity (121b) is provided on the radial outer side wall of the connecting body (121), and an air inlet hole (121d) for communicating with the air outlet cavity (121b) is provided at the axial rear end of the connecting body (121); The radial dimensions of the adjacent bowl-shaped flow guide portions (122) are arranged to increase in sequence in a direction away from the conical cavitator (11), and the bowl-shaped flow guide portions (122) and the air outlet holes (121c) are arranged alternately in sequence.

2. The cavitation device according to claim 1, wherein The gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13) comprises: a first shell (131), a second shell (132), a water flow controller (133) and a cavitation gas flow controller (134); The first housing (131) is integrally a hollow conical body, with a first opening (131a) at its small-diameter end, and an air inlet connection port (131b) and a water outlet connection port (131c) provided at its large-diameter end; The second housing (132) is an axisymmetric hollow structure, which is coaxially arranged inside the first housing (131). One end of it is a housing fixed end fixedly connected to the bottom of the first housing (131), and the other end is a housing docking end; The first housing (131) and the second housing (132) enclose a first installation cavity for installing the cavitation air flow regulator (134), and the air inlet connection port (131b) is communicated with the first installation cavity; The hollow part of the second housing (132) constitutes a second installation cavity for installing the water flow regulator (133); The housing docking end of the second housing (132) is provided with a second opening (132a) for water inlet, and its housing fixed end is provided with a third opening (132b), and the third opening (132b) is communicated with the water outlet connection port (131c); An air outlet docking opening communicating with the first installation cavity is formed between the housing docking end of the second housing (132) and the small-diameter end of the first housing (131); The second opening (132a) is connected to the water inlet flow channel (121a), and the air outlet docking opening is connected to the air inlet hole (121d).

3. The cavitation device according to claim 2, wherein, The end of the housing docking end is flush with the end of the small-diameter end of the first housing (131), or the end of the housing docking end extends beyond the end of the small-diameter end of the first housing (131).

4. The cavitation device according to claim 3, wherein The second housing (132) includes: a conical cylinder section (1321) and a cylindrical section (1322) arranged coaxially; The large-diameter end of the conical cylinder section (1321) is fixedly connected to the cylindrical section (1322), and its small-diameter end constitutes the housing docking end of the second housing (132); The third opening (132b) is provided on the side wall of the cylindrical section (1322) away from the conical cylinder section (1321); The water flow regulator (133) is coaxially arranged in the cylindrical section (1322).

5. The cavitation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water flow regulator (133) is integrally a cylindrical structure, and a water passing channel is provided at its central position; Along the axial direction of the cylindrical section (1322), there are spaced arrangements at the opposite ends of the water flow regulator (133) and the cylindrical section (1322) respectively; The cavitation air flow regulator (134) is integrally an annular structure, and a plurality of air passing channels are arranged at intervals along its circumferential direction; The cavitation air flow regulator (134) is coaxially sleeved on the outer side surface of the cylindrical section (1322), and the radially outer side surface of the cavitation air flow regulator (134) is in contact with the inner side surface of the first housing (131).

6. The cavitation device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A flow splitting structure (1311) is provided in the first housing (131); The shunt structure (1311) includes: a baffle plate (1311a) and a side plate (1311b); The baffle plate (1311a) is an annular plate, which is sleeved on the outer side surface of the cylindrical section (1322) through a hollow part, and its radially outer side surface is connected to the inner side wall of the first housing (131); The side plate (1311b) is located between the baffle plate (1311a) and the bottom plate of the large-diameter end of the first housing (131), and is used to divide a rear liquid accumulation cavity communicating the third opening (132b) with the water outlet connection port (131c) and a rear gas collection cavity communicating the first installation cavity and the air inlet connection port (131b); An opening is provided at a position of the baffle plate (1311a) corresponding to the rear gas collection cavity; Along the axial direction of the first housing (131), the opposite ends of the side plate (1311b) are respectively connected to the baffle plate (1311a) and the bottom plate of the large-diameter end of the first housing (131); Along the radial direction of the first housing (131), the opposite ends of the side plate (1311b) are respectively connected to the outer side wall of the cylindrical section (1322) and the inner side wall of the first housing (131); Along the circumferential direction of the first housing (131), a plurality of the side plates (1311b) are arranged at equal intervals.

7. The cavitation device according to claim 6, wherein The gas-liquid transmission assembly (14) includes: a gas guide pipe (141), a water guide pipe (142), a heat exchanger (143), an air induction pipe (144) and a water delivery pipe (145); One end of the gas guide pipe (141) is connected to the air inlet connection port (131b) of the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13), and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger (143); One end of the air induction pipe (144) is connected to the heat exchanger (143), and the other end is connected to the solid ramjet gas generator (a); One end of the water guide pipe (142) is connected to the water outlet connection port (131c) of the gas-liquid guiding and regulating device (13), and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger (143); One end of the water delivery pipe (145) is connected to the heat exchanger (143), and the other end is connected to the solid ramjet gas generator (a); wherein, a spray nozzle is provided at one end of the water delivery pipe (145) connected to the solid ramjet gas generator (a).

8. The cavitation device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The heat exchanger (143) includes: a hollow heat exchanger housing (1431), and a spiral heat exchange tube (1432) arranged in the heat exchanger housing (1431); The heat exchanger housing (1431) is integrally in an annular hollow structure, and at both axial ends thereof, there are respectively provided a gas collection cavity structure for connecting the spiral heat exchange tube (1432), and a heat exchanger water inlet (143a) and a heat exchanger water outlet (143b) for communicating the hollow part of the heat exchanger housing (1431), and a heat exchanger air inlet (143c) and a heat exchanger air outlet (143d) for communicating the gas collection cavity structure; The water inlet (143a) of the heat exchanger is connected to the water guide pipe (142), and the water outlet (143b) of the heat exchanger is connected to the water delivery pipe (145); The air inlet (143c) of the heat exchanger is connected to the air guide pipe (144), and the air outlet (143d) of the heat exchanger is connected to the air duct (141).

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