Metallographic microscope with bright and dark field switching function

Abstract

The application discloses a metallographic microscope with bright and dark field switching function, which comprises an observation component, a stage, a rack main body, a bright and dark field switching mechanism, a converter, a condenser component, a light collector and a lower light source, wherein the bright and dark field switching mechanism comprises a shell, an upper light source, and a first filter unit, a second filter unit, a first diaphragm adjusting unit, a second diaphragm adjusting unit, a condensing unit, a polarizing unit, a detection polarizing unit and a field switching unit which are all arranged in the shell; the observation component is arranged above the shell, the converter is arranged below the shell, the shell, the stage, the condenser component, the light collector and the lower light source are all connected with the rack main body, and the converter, the stage, the condenser component and the light collector are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; and the working state of the field switching unit is converted to be a bright field or a dark field by adjusting. The device can quickly switch the bright field and the dark field, improve the utilization rate of the light path, eliminate stray light, and is convenient for observing and collecting data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of microscope technology, specifically relating to a metallurgical microscope with a function of switching between light and dark fields of view. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of science and technology, metallurgical microscopes are increasingly used in various industries, primarily for the inspection of semiconductor silicon wafers, LCD substrates, parts, integrated circuits, solid powders, and other transparent or opaque industrial materials. Metallurgy, as a microscopic study of the microstructure of various metals, alloys, and materials under different conditions, as well as the characteristics of various defects, relies on metallurgical microscopes to observe and measure the size, morphology, distribution, and orientation relationships of phases in materials, the size, morphology, and orientation relationships of crystals and grain boundaries, dislocations, voids, cracks, fracture surfaces, etc., for further research.

[0003] Currently, metallurgical microscopes typically use two types of illumination: halogen lamps and LED illumination. Switching between these two methods is necessary under certain circumstances. Existing bright-field and dark-field switching mechanisms in metallurgical microscopes employ a method where the bright-field illumination utilizes a semi-transparent, semi-reflective beam to guide light into the objective lens via coaxial illumination; the dark-field illumination method uses a baffle at the center of the bright-field light path and a centrally hollowed-out mirror at a 45° angle to form a ring-shaped illumination band, which is then introduced into the light transmission ring of the dark-field objective. This switching process often suffers from instability and unclear positioning, resulting in low utilization of the 45° dark-field mirror light path and difficulty in eliminating stray light. Furthermore, with the advancement of science and technology, the quantification of experimental parameters is crucial, but existing metallurgical microscopes are not conducive to collecting these parameters (such as light source brightness). Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned problems by proposing a metallurgical microscope with a bright and dark field switching function, which can quickly switch between bright and dark fields, improve the utilization rate of the optical path, eliminate stray light, and facilitate observation and data collection.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention proposes a metallurgical microscope with a light-dark field-of-view switching function, comprising an observation component, a stage, and a frame body, and further comprising a light-dark field-of-view switching mechanism, a converter, a condenser component, a condenser, and a lower light source, wherein:

[0007] The light / dark field switching mechanism includes a housing, an upper light source, and a first filter unit, a second filter unit, a first aperture adjustment unit, an aperture adjustment unit, a second aperture adjustment unit, a focusing unit, a polarizing unit, an analyzer unit, and a field switching unit, all built into the housing. The upper light source is mounted on the rear side wall of the housing. The first filter unit, the second filter unit, the aperture adjustment unit, the focusing unit, and the polarizing unit are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the upper light source and are coaxial.

[0008] The housing has a first through hole on the upper wall and a second through hole on the lower wall, with the first and second through holes being coaxially arranged.

[0009] The field-of-view switching unit includes a second mounting base, a first guide rod, a second guide rod, and a moving unit. The first and second guide rods are parallel to each other and both are connected to the second mounting base. The first guide rod also has two V-shaped annular grooves arranged side by side along its axis. The second mounting base is connected to the housing. The moving unit includes a second adjusting handle, a third mounting base, a first lens, a fourth mounting base, a fifth mounting base, a baffle, a first light-shielding tube, and a ring-shaped reflector. The upper wall of the third mounting base has a third through hole and a fourth through hole arranged side by side vertically, and the lower wall is inclined. The first light-shielding tube is connected to the lower wall of the third mounting base and faces the fourth through hole. The ring-shaped reflector is sleeved on the outside of the first light-shielding tube and attached to the lower wall of the third mounting base. The fourth... The mounting base is connected to the third mounting base and is positioned close to the biasing unit. The fifth mounting base is connected to the third mounting base and the fourth mounting base respectively and is positioned horizontally close to the lower wall of the housing. The fourth mounting base is also provided with a fifth through hole and a sixth through hole arranged in sequence, aligned with the third through hole and the fourth through hole. A baffle covers the sixth through hole and has multiple first light-transmitting holes evenly distributed around it. The fifth mounting base is also provided with a seventh through hole and an eighth through hole arranged in sequence, aligned with the third through hole and the fourth through hole. The edge of the eighth through hole is also evenly distributed around it with multiple second light-transmitting holes. The first lens is attached to the lower wall of the third mounting base and covers the third through hole. The second adjusting handle is connected to the third mounting base and is limited by a V-shaped groove therewith.

[0010] The polarization detection unit includes a fifth fixed base and a polarization detector. The fifth fixed base is connected to the housing and located above the third mounting base. A ninth through hole is provided on the fifth fixed base. The ninth through hole is coaxially arranged with the first through hole. The polarization detector is horizontally arranged and detachably connected to the fifth fixed base.

[0011] The observation component is installed on the top of the housing, and the converter is installed on the bottom of the housing. The housing, stage, condenser lens component, light collector and lower light source are all connected to the main frame, and the converter, stage, condenser lens component and light collector are arranged in order from top to bottom.

[0012] By adjusting the field-of-view switching unit, the working state can be switched between bright field and dark field. In bright field, the light from the upper light source passes through the third through hole and then enters the observation component through the first through hole. The light from the lower light source is transmitted upward through the light collector, passes through the third through hole, and then enters the observation component through the first through hole. In dark field, the light from the upper light source is blocked by the baffle. The light from the lower light source is transmitted upward through the light collector, passes through the fourth through hole, and then enters the observation component through the first through hole.

[0013] Preferably, the main body of the rack has a built-in motherboard, and the outer wall is also fitted with an LCD screen. The LCD screen, upper light source, lower light source, and converter are all electrically connected to the motherboard.

[0014] Preferably, the lower wall of the third mounting base is tilted at an angle of 45°.

[0015] Preferably, the first filtering unit includes a first filter mounting base and a first filter, and the second filtering unit includes a second filter mounting base and a second filter. The housing has a first slot and a second slot. The first filter is inserted into the first filter mounting base through the first slot, and the second filter is inserted into the second filter mounting base through the second slot. Both the first filter mounting base and the second filter mounting base are connected to the housing.

[0016] Preferably, each aperture adjustment unit includes a first fixed base, a second fixed base, a third fixed base, a first aperture, a first spring, a first adjustment handle, a first adjustment seat, a first cover plate, and multiple first screws. The first fixed base is connected to the housing via the first screws. The second fixed base is connected to the first fixed base and forms a first chamber with the first cover plate. The third fixed base, the first aperture, the first spring, and the first adjustment seat are all built into the first chamber. The first aperture has a first boss that is rotatably connected to the third fixed base. The third fixed base has two parallel limiting grooves that are connected to the second fixed base. The first spring is arc-shaped, with its two ends abutting against the limiting grooves and its middle abutting against the upper wall of the first adjustment seat. The first adjustment seat has a first groove. The first adjustment handle is connected to the first adjustment seat and passes through the housing. When the first adjustment handle is pushed or pulled, the first adjustment seat drives the first aperture to rotate and adjust through the cooperation of the first boss and the first groove.

[0017] Preferably, the polarizing unit includes a fourth fixing seat, a second cover plate, a polarizer, and multiple first snap-fit ​​units. The fourth fixing seat is connected to the housing and forms a second chamber with the second cover plate. Each first snap-fit ​​unit is arranged side by side on the fourth fixing seat and located in the second chamber. The polarizer has multiple third grooves, which are partially inserted into the second chamber. The first snap-fit ​​units engage with the third grooves to limit their movement, so that the light from the upper light source is aligned with the light transmission hole of the polarizer and the polarizing mirror, respectively.

[0018] Preferably, the field-of-view switching unit further includes an adjustment unit and a third locking unit. The adjustment unit includes a partition, a third adjustment handle, a second screw, and a connecting seat. The partition has a first clearance hole and is connected to the connecting seat by the second screw. The first clearance hole is coaxially arranged with the fifth through hole of the fourth mounting seat. The connecting seat is also connected to the fourth mounting seat. The upper wall of the partition also has two fourth grooves arranged side by side. The third locking unit is installed on the fifth fixed seat. The third adjustment handle is connected to the partition. When the third adjustment handle is pushed or pulled, it drives the field-of-view switching unit to move and engages with one of the fourth grooves through the third locking unit to limit the movement, so that the light from the upper light source is aligned with the fifth through hole and the sixth through hole of the fourth mounting seat respectively.

[0019] Preferably, each snap-fit ​​unit includes a cylinder, a second spring piece, and two first clamping blocks. The first clamping blocks are connected to the corresponding fixing base and form a second groove. The two first clamping blocks are arranged opposite each other to clamp the cylinder and are in clearance fit with the cylinder. The second spring piece is located in the second groove and is used to apply elastic force to the cylinder and fit tightly with the corresponding groove.

[0020] Preferably, the field-of-view switching unit further includes a cylindrical body, which is connected to the housing and located below the fifth mounting base, and is coaxially arranged with the second through hole.

[0021] Preferably, the focusing unit includes a sixth mounting base and a second lens that are interconnected, and the sixth mounting base is connected to the housing.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] 1) This metallurgical microscope can achieve bright and dark field switching function. The second adjustment handle is used to limit the position in conjunction with the V-shaped groove, thereby ensuring accurate positioning. The moving field switching unit can be achieved by adjusting the second and third adjustment handles, which is suitable for different user needs. The light paths of the bright field and dark field are set independently and do not affect each other. It has good stability and can effectively use the center beam of the upper light source in the dark field illumination system of the metallurgical microscope, which improves the utilization rate of the light path of the ring mirror at 45° in the dark field, and at the same time helps to eliminate stray light.

[0024] 2) The LCD screen clearly displays information such as light source brightness and objective lens magnification, making it easy to observe and collect data. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the light and dark field switching mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the light and dark field switching mechanism of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the light and dark field switching mechanism of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second aperture adjustment unit of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the second aperture adjustment unit of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biasing unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is an exploded view of the biasing unit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified view of part A;

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first-view structure of the polarization detection unit and the field-of-view switching unit of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second-view structure of the polarization detection unit and the field-of-view switching unit of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the third-view structure of the polarization detection unit and the field-of-view switching unit of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the field-of-view switching unit of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moving unit of the present invention.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Observation component; 2. Bright / dark field switching mechanism; 3. Converter; 4. Stage; 5. Condenser component; 6. Condenser; 7. Lower light source; 8. Main frame; 81. Liquid crystal display screen; 20. Housing; 21. Upper light source; 22. First filter unit; 23. Second filter unit; 24. First aperture adjustment unit; 25. Second aperture adjustment unit; 26. Condenser unit; 27. Polarizing unit; 28. Polarizing analyzer; 29. ​​Field switching unit; 201 202. Upper cover plate; 203. Lower housing; 221. First filter mounting base; 222. First filter; 231. Second filter mounting base; 232. Second filter; 251. First fixing base; 252. Second fixing base; 253. Third fixing base; 254. First aperture; 255. First spring; 256. First adjusting handle; 257. First adjusting base; 258. First cover plate; 259. First screw; 253a. Limiting groove; 254a. First boss; 25 7a. First groove; 271. Fourth fixing seat; 272. Second cover plate; 273. Deviation starter; 274. First snap-fit ​​unit; 274a. First clamping block; 274b. Second groove; 274c. Cylinder; 274d. Second spring; 274e. Third groove; 281. Fifth fixing seat; 282. Deviation detector; 283. Second snap-fit ​​unit; 291. Second mounting seat; 292. First guide rod; 293. Second guide rod; 294. Moving unit; 295. Adjustment Unit; 296, Third snap-fit ​​unit; 297, Cylinder body; 294a, Second adjusting handle; 294b, Third mounting base; 294c, First lens; 294d, Fourth mounting base; 294e, Fifth mounting base; 294f, Baffle; 294g, First light-shielding cylinder; 294h, Annular reflector; 294i, Second light-shielding cylinder; 295a, Partition plate; 295b, Third adjusting handle; 295c, Second screw; 295d, Connecting seat; 295e, First clearance hole. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application.

[0042] like Figure 1-14 As shown, a metallurgical microscope with a light-dark field-of-view switching function includes an observation component 1, a stage 4, and a frame body 8. It also includes a light-dark field-of-view switching mechanism 2, a converter 3, a condenser component 5, a condenser 6, and a lower light source 7, wherein:

[0043] The light / dark field switching mechanism 2 includes a housing 20, an upper light source 21, and a first filter unit 22, a second filter unit 23, a first aperture adjustment unit 24, a second aperture adjustment unit 25, a focusing unit 26, a polarizing unit 27, a polarizing analyzer unit 28, and a field switching unit 29, all built into the housing 20. The upper light source 21 is mounted on the rear side wall of the housing 20. The first filter unit 22, the second filter unit 23, the first aperture adjustment unit 24, the second aperture adjustment unit 25, the focusing unit 26, and the polarizing unit 27 are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the upper light source 21 and are coaxial in optical center.

[0044] The housing 20 has a first through hole on its upper wall and a second through hole on its lower wall, with the first and second through holes being coaxially arranged.

[0045] The field-of-view switching unit 29 includes a second mounting base 291, a first guide rod 292, a second guide rod 293, and a moving unit 294. The first guide rod 292 and the second guide rod 293 are parallel to each other and are both connected to the second mounting base 291. The first guide rod 292 also has two V-shaped annular grooves arranged side by side along the axis. The second mounting base 291 is connected to the housing 20. The moving unit 294 includes a second adjusting handle 294a, a third mounting base 294b, a first lens 294c, a fourth mounting base 294d, a fifth mounting base 294e, a baffle 294f, a first light-shielding tube 294g, and a ring reflector 294h. The upper wall of the third mounting base 294b has a third through hole and a fourth through hole arranged side by side vertically, and the lower wall is inclined. The first light-shielding tube 294g is connected to the lower wall of the third mounting base 294b and faces the fourth through hole. The ring reflector 294h is sleeved on the outside of the first light-shielding tube 294g and attached to it. The lower wall of the third mounting base 294b is provided. The fourth mounting base 294d is connected to the third mounting base 294b and is located near the biasing unit 27. The fifth mounting base 294e is connected to the third mounting base 294b and the fourth mounting base 294d respectively and is horizontally located near the lower wall of the housing 20. The fourth mounting base 294d is also provided with a fifth through hole and a sixth through hole arranged in sequence, aligned with the third through hole and the fourth through hole. The baffle 294f covers the sixth through hole and has a plurality of first light-transmitting holes coaxial with the sixth through hole in a circumferential manner. The fifth mounting base 294e is also provided with a seventh through hole and an eighth through hole arranged in sequence, aligned with the third through hole and the fourth through hole. The edge of the eighth through hole is also provided with a plurality of second light-transmitting holes in a circumferential manner. The first lens 294c is attached to the lower wall of the third mounting base 294b and covers the third through hole. The second adjusting handle 294a is connected to the third mounting base 294b and is limited by a V-shaped groove therewith.

[0046] The polarization detection unit 28 includes a fifth fixed base 281 and a polarization detector 282. The fifth fixed base 281 is connected to the housing 20 and is located above the third mounting base 294b. A ninth through hole is provided on the fifth fixed base 281. The ninth through hole is coaxially arranged with the first through hole. The polarization detector 282 is horizontally arranged and detachably connected to the fifth fixed base 281.

[0047] The observation component 1 is installed above the housing 20, and the converter 3 is installed below the housing 20. The housing 20, the stage 4, the condenser lens component 5, the light collector 6 and the lower light source 7 are all connected to the frame body 8, and the converter 3, the stage 4, the condenser lens component 5 and the light collector 6 are arranged in order from top to bottom.

[0048] By adjusting the field-of-view switching unit 29, the working state can be switched between bright field and dark field. In bright field, the light from the upper light source 21 passes through the third through hole and then enters the observation component 1 through the first through hole. The light from the lower light source 7 is transmitted upward through the light collector 6, passes through the third through hole, and then enters the observation component 1 through the first through hole. In dark field, the light from the upper light source 21 is partially blocked by the baffle 294f. The light from the lower light source 7 is transmitted upward through the light collector 6, passes through the fourth through hole, and then enters the observation component 1 through the first through hole.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, the side where the LCD screen 81 is located is the front, the side where the lower light source 7 is located is the back, the side where the observation component 1 is located is the top, the side where the converter 3 is located is the bottom, the side to which the second adjustment handle 294a is biased is the left, and the opposite side is the right. The specific orientation is only for the purpose of description and is not specifically limited.

[0050] The housing 20 includes an upper cover plate 201 and a lower housing 202 connected to each other. Stray light can be filtered out by the first filter unit 22 and the second filter unit 23. The first aperture adjustment unit 24 is used to adjust the size and center of the aperture aperture, the second aperture adjustment unit 25 is used to adjust the size and center of the field aperture, and the focusing unit 26 works in conjunction with the first aperture adjustment unit 24 and the second aperture adjustment unit 25 to achieve focusing.

[0051] The analyzer 282 is a 360° rotating analyzer. When zeroed, the polarized light from the polarizing unit 27 and the analyzer 28 is orthogonal. Rotating the dial on it can change the orthogonality of the polarized light. A second snap-fit ​​unit 283 is installed on the fifth mounting base 281 of the analyzer 28. The analyzer 282 has a fifth groove, such as one on the rear side wall. The analyzer 282 and the fifth mounting base 281 are detachably connected through the snap-fit ​​cooperation between the second snap-fit ​​unit 283 and the fifth groove. The second snap-fit ​​unit 283 has the same structure as the other snap-fit ​​units. It should be noted that the fifth groove can also be provided on both the rear and front side walls of the analyzer 282. For example, if the housing 20 has a through hole along the left-right direction, the analyzer 282 can be inserted into the fifth mounting base 281 according to the operator's left- or right-handed usage habits.

[0052] The observation component 1 is a prior art structure. It can be used in three modes of observation, including supporting binocular observation, supporting digital photography observation, and supporting simultaneous visual and digital photography observation. Digital photography observation requires the use of a photographic eyepiece. Alternatively, other existing observation component structures familiar to those skilled in the art can be employed. The stage 4, converter 3, condenser lens component 5, and light collector 6 are all prior art structures familiar to those skilled in the art and will not be described further here.

[0053] The positioning of the field switching unit 29 is achieved by the second adjustment handle 294a cooperating with the V-shaped groove on the first guide rod 292. For example, the second adjustment handle 294a includes a first paddle and a second paddle connected vertically. The end of the first paddle is connected to a hand-held part, and the end of the second paddle is connected to a roller. When the hand-held part is moved left and right, the roller facilitates the transition to the corresponding V-shaped groove along the first guide rod 292.

[0054] The metallurgical microscope features switchable bright and dark fields. When the field-of-view switching unit 29 is pushed to the left, the roller enters the left V-shaped groove, and the microscope operates in bright field. When the field-of-view switching unit 29 is pushed to the right, the roller enters the right V-shaped groove, and the microscope operates in dark field. The upper wall of the fifth mounting base 294e is also equipped with a second light-shielding tube 294i directly opposite the eighth through-hole. In dark field, the light from the upper light source 21 is partially blocked by the baffle 294f, and the remaining portion passes through the first light-transmitting hole to the annular reflector 294h, where it is reflected to the objective lens on the converter 3. The first light-shielding tube 294g and the second light-shielding tube 294i work together to prevent stray light from entering the fourth through-hole. This improves the utilization rate of the annular reflector's optical path at 45° in dark field and also helps eliminate stray light.

[0055] In one embodiment, the main frame 8 houses a motherboard, and an LCD screen 81 is mounted on its outer wall. The LCD screen 81, the upper light source 21, the lower light source 7, and the converter 3 are all electrically connected to the motherboard. Microscope information, such as the magnification of the objective lens connected to the converter 3, the display status of the upper light source 21 and the lower light source 7, and the light source brightness bar display, can be viewed at any time through the LCD screen 81.

[0056] In one embodiment, the lower wall of the third mounting base 294b is tilted at an angle of 45°.

[0057] In one embodiment, the first filtering unit 22 includes a first filter mounting base 221 and a first filter 222, and the second filtering unit 23 includes a second filter mounting base 231 and a second filter 232. The housing 20 has a first slot and a second slot. The first filter 222 is inserted into the first filter mounting base 221 through the first slot, and the second filter 232 is inserted into the second filter mounting base 231 through the second slot. Both the first filter mounting base 221 and the second filter mounting base 231 are connected to the housing 20.

[0058] In one embodiment, each aperture adjustment unit includes a first fixing base 251, a second fixing base 252, a third fixing base 253, a first aperture 254, a first spring 255, a first adjustment handle 256, a first adjustment seat 257, a first cover plate 258, and a plurality of first screws 259. The first fixing base 251 is connected to the housing 20 via the first screws 259. The second fixing base 252 is connected to the first fixing base 251 and forms a first chamber with the first cover plate 258. The third fixing base 253, the first aperture 254, the first spring 255, and the first adjustment seat 257 are all built into the first chamber. The first aperture 254 is provided with a first adjustment handle 256, a first adjustment seat 257, a first adjustment handle 257, a first adjustment handle 258, and a plurality of first screws 259. A boss 254a is rotatably connected to a third fixed seat 253. The third fixed seat 253 has two parallel limiting grooves 253a and is connected to a second fixed seat 252. The first spring piece 255 is arc-shaped, with its two ends abutting against the limiting grooves 253a and its middle abutting against the upper wall of the first adjusting seat 257. The first adjusting seat 257 has a first groove 257a. The first adjusting handle 256 is connected to the first adjusting seat 257 and passes through the housing 20. When the first adjusting handle 256 is pushed or pulled, the first adjusting seat 257 drives the first aperture 254 to rotate and adjust through the cooperation of the first boss 254a and the first groove 257a.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown, the center of the first aperture 254 can be adjusted before use. For example, two centering screws are set on the right side wall of the second fixed seat 252, and the side wall of the third fixed seat 253 near the first adjusting seat 257 is inclined. The inclined surface of the third fixed seat 253 is adjusted by adjusting the centering screws to achieve the purpose of center adjustment. The center adjustment needs to be observed through the observation component 1. When adjusting the center, the second aperture adjustment unit 25 needs to be adjusted to the minimum so that the center position can be adjusted to the viewing position as quickly as possible. When the first adjustment handle 256 is pushed or pulled, the first adjusting seat 257 is moved left and right, thereby driving the first aperture 254 to rotate and adjust through the cooperation of the first boss 254a and the first groove 257a, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the field aperture. The first spring piece 255 can eliminate the gap in the vertical direction between the third fixed seat 253 and the first adjusting seat 257, which facilitates the rotation of the corresponding aperture.

[0060] In one embodiment, the polarizing unit 27 includes a fourth fixing base 271, a second cover plate 272, a polarizer 273, and a plurality of first snap-fit ​​units 274. The fourth fixing base 271 is connected to the housing 20 and forms a second chamber with the second cover plate 272. Each first snap-fit ​​unit 274 is arranged side by side on the fourth fixing base 271 and located in the second chamber. The polarizer 273 has a plurality of third grooves 274e, which are partially inserted into the second chamber. The first snap-fit ​​units 274 and the third grooves 274e are snap-fitted and matched to limit the position, so that the light from the upper light source 21 is aligned with the light-transmitting hole of the polarizer 273 and the polarizing mirror respectively.

[0061] The deflector 273 is a prior art structure and will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that the upper and lower walls of the deflector 273 can also have two parallel third grooves 274e. If the housing 20 has through holes in the left and right directions, the deflector 273 can be inserted into the fourth fixing seat 271 according to the operator's left and right hand usage habits.

[0062] In one embodiment, the field-of-view switching unit 29 further includes an adjustment unit 295 and a third locking unit 296. The adjustment unit 295 includes a partition 295a, a third adjustment handle 295b, a second screw 295c, and a connecting seat 295d. The partition 295a has a first clearance hole 295e and is connected to the connecting seat 295d by the second screw 295c. The first clearance hole 295e is coaxially arranged with the fifth through hole of the fourth mounting seat 294d. The connecting seat 295d is also connected to the fourth mounting seat 294d. The upper wall of the partition 295a is also provided with two fourth grooves arranged side by side. The third snap-fit ​​unit 296 is installed on the fifth fixed seat 281. The third adjustment handle 295b is connected to the partition 295a. When the third adjustment handle 295b is pushed or pulled, it drives the field switching unit 29 to move and engages with one of the fourth grooves through the third snap-fit ​​unit 296 to limit the position, so that the light from the upper light source 21 is aligned with the fifth and sixth through holes of the fourth mounting seat 294d respectively.

[0063] When the screwdriver turns the second screw 295c to loosen the partition 295a from the connecting seat 295d, the adjustment unit 295 can be pulled up by the third adjustment handle 295b to engage with the third locking unit 296 and the fourth groove on the right, separating the field switching unit 29. At this time, the adjustment unit 295 has no function; the field switching unit 29 can only be moved by the second adjustment handle 294a to achieve the switching between bright and dark fields. When both the second adjustment handle 294a and the third adjustment handle 295b are needed, the partition 295a can be connected to the connecting seat 295d by the second screw 295c.

[0064] In one embodiment, each snap-fit ​​unit includes a cylinder 274c, a second spring piece 274d, and two first clamping blocks 274a. The first clamping blocks 274a are connected to the corresponding fixing base and form a second groove 274b. The two first clamping blocks 274a are arranged opposite each other to clamp the cylinder 274c and are in clearance fit with the cylinder 274c. The second spring piece 274d is located in the second groove 274b and is used to apply elastic force to the cylinder 274c and fit tightly with the corresponding groove.

[0065] like Figure 9As shown, the second spring 274d of the first snap-fit ​​unit 274 is located between the cylinder 274c and the fourth fixing seat 271. When the polarizer 273 is inserted into the second chamber, under the elastic force of the second spring 274d, the cylinder 274c first moves away from the polarizer 273. When the cylinder 274c slides into the corresponding third groove 274e, under the elastic force of the second spring 274d, an elastic force is applied to the cylinder 274c to make it fit tightly with the corresponding third groove 274e, thus limiting the polarizer 273 and realizing that the light from the upper light source 21 is aligned with the light aperture of the polarizer 273. Figure 8 Left side aperture) and polarizer ( Figure 8 (The hole is built-in on the right side), and the deflector 273 faces forward. The second groove 274b can be of any shape, providing bending space for the second spring 274d. The opposing surfaces of the two first clamping blocks 274a are arc surfaces used to clamp the cylinder 274c. The design of this snap-fit ​​unit is simple and makes positioning easier.

[0066] In one embodiment, the field-of-view switching unit 29 further includes a cylindrical body 297, which is connected to the housing 20 and located below the fifth mounting base 294e, and is coaxially arranged with the second through hole. The use of the cylindrical body 297 helps to focus the light.

[0067] In one embodiment, the focusing unit 26 includes a sixth mounting base and a second lens that are interconnected, the sixth mounting base being connected to the housing 20.

[0068] Working principle:

[0069] The working state is switched between bright field and dark field by moving the field switching unit 29 left and right. When the working state is bright field, the light from the upper light source 21 passes through the first filter unit 22, the second filter unit 23, the first aperture adjustment unit 24, the second aperture adjustment unit 25, the focusing unit 26 and the polarizing unit 27 in sequence. After being reflected by the first lens 294c through the fifth through hole, it enters the third through hole and then passes through the ninth through hole and the first through hole in sequence before entering the observation component 1. The light from the lower light source 7 is transmitted upward through the light collector 6 and passes through the condenser lens component 5, the stage 4, the converter 3, the second through hole, the seventh through hole, the third through hole, the ninth through hole and the first through hole in sequence before entering the observation component 1. When the working state is dark, the light from the upper light source 21 passes through the first filter unit 22, the second filter unit 23, the first aperture adjustment unit 24, the second aperture adjustment unit 25, the focusing unit 26, and the polarizing unit 27 in sequence, and is partially blocked by the baffle 294f. The light from the lower light source 7 is transmitted upward through the light collector 6, and passes through the condenser lens component 5, the stage 4, the converter 3, the second through hole, the eighth through hole, the fourth through hole, the ninth through hole, and the first through hole in sequence before entering the observation component 1.

[0070] This metallurgical microscope features a bright-field / dark-field switching function. Accurate positioning is ensured by using a second adjustment handle in conjunction with a V-shaped groove for positioning. The field-of-view switching unit can be moved using either the second or third adjustment handle, catering to different user needs. The bright-field and dark-field optical paths are independently configured, ensuring stability and preventing interference. This effectively utilizes the central beam of the upper light source in the dark-field illumination system of the metallurgical microscope, improving the utilization rate of the ring mirror optical path at 45° in the dark field and helping to eliminate stray light. Furthermore, the LCD screen clearly displays information such as light source brightness and objective lens magnification, facilitating data observation and collection.

[0071] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0072] The embodiments described above are merely specific and detailed examples of the embodiments described in this application, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A metallurgical microscope with a light and dark field switching function, comprising an observation component, a stage, and a frame body, characterized in that: The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function also includes a light and dark field switching mechanism, a converter, a condenser lens component, a condenser, and a lower light source, wherein: The light / dark field switching mechanism includes a housing, an upper light source, and a first filter unit, a second filter unit, a first aperture adjustment unit, an aperture adjustment unit, a second aperture adjustment unit, a focusing unit, a polarizing unit, a polarization analyzer, and a field switching unit, all built into the housing. The upper light source is mounted on the rear side wall of the housing. The first filter unit, the second filter unit, the aperture adjustment unit, the first aperture adjustment unit, the second aperture adjustment unit, the focusing unit, and the polarizing unit are arranged sequentially along the light transmission direction of the upper light source and are coaxial in optical center. The housing has a first through hole on the upper wall and a second through hole on the lower wall, and the first through hole and the second through hole are coaxially arranged. The field-of-view switching unit includes a second mounting base, a first guide rod, a second guide rod, and a moving unit. The first and second guide rods are parallel to each other and both are connected to the second mounting base. The first guide rod also has two V-shaped annular grooves arranged side by side along its axis. The second mounting base is connected to the housing. The moving unit includes a second adjusting handle, a third mounting base, a first lens, a fourth mounting base, a fifth mounting base, a baffle, a first light-shielding tube, and a ring-shaped reflector. The upper wall of the third mounting base has a third through hole and a fourth through hole arranged side by side vertically, and the lower wall is inclined. The first light-shielding tube is connected to the lower wall of the third mounting base and faces the fourth through hole. The ring-shaped reflector is sleeved on the first light-shielding tube and attached to the lower wall of the third mounting base. The fourth mounting base and... The third mounting base is connected to and positioned close to the biasing unit. The fifth mounting base is connected to the third and fourth mounting bases respectively and positioned horizontally close to the lower wall of the housing. The fourth mounting base is also provided with a fifth and a sixth through hole that are aligned with the third and fourth through holes in sequence. The baffle covers the sixth through hole and has a plurality of first light-transmitting holes coaxial with the sixth through hole in a circumferential manner. The fifth mounting base is also provided with a seventh and an eighth through hole that are aligned with the third and fourth through holes in sequence. The edge of the eighth through hole has a plurality of second light-transmitting holes in a circumferential manner. The first lens is attached to the lower wall of the third mounting base and covers the third through hole. The second adjusting handle is connected to the third mounting base and is limited by cooperating with one of its V-shaped annular grooves. The detection unit includes a fifth fixed base and a detector. The fifth fixed base is connected to the housing and located above the third mounting base. The fifth fixed base has a ninth through hole, which is coaxial with the first through hole. The detector is horizontally arranged and detachably connected to the fifth fixed base. The observation component is installed above the housing, the converter is installed below the housing, and the housing, stage, condenser lens component, light collector and lower light source are all connected to the main frame, and the converter, stage, condenser lens component and light collector are arranged in order from top to bottom; By adjusting the field-of-view switching unit, the working state can be switched between bright field and dark field. In bright field, the light from the upper light source passes through the third through hole and then enters the observation component through the first through hole. The light from the lower light source is transmitted upward through the light collector, passes through the third through hole, and then enters the observation component through the first through hole. In dark field, the light from the upper light source is partially blocked by the baffle. The light from the lower light source is transmitted upward through the light collector, passes through the fourth through hole, and then enters the observation component through the first through hole.

2. The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The main body of the rack has a built-in motherboard, and an LCD screen is also installed on the outer wall. The LCD screen, upper light source, lower light source, and converter are all electrically connected to the motherboard.

3. The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The lower wall of the third mounting base is tilted at an angle of 45°.

4. The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first filtering unit includes a first filter mounting base and a first filter. The second filtering unit includes a second filter mounting base and a second filter. The housing has a first slot and a second slot. The first filter is inserted into the first filter mounting base through the first slot, and the second filter is inserted into the second filter mounting base through the second slot. Both the first filter mounting base and the second filter mounting base are connected to the housing.

5. The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Each aperture adjustment unit includes a first fixed base, a second fixed base, a third fixed base, a first aperture, a first spring, a first adjustment handle, a first adjustment seat, a first cover plate, and a plurality of first screws. The first fixed base is connected to the housing via the first screws. The second fixed base is connected to the first fixed base and forms a first chamber with the first cover plate. The third fixed base, the first aperture, the first spring, and the first adjustment seat are all built into the first chamber. The first aperture has a first protrusion and is rotatably connected to the third fixed base. The third fixed base has two parallel limiting grooves and is connected to the second fixed base. The first spring is arc-shaped, with both ends abutting against the limiting grooves and the middle abutting against the upper wall of the first adjustment seat. The first adjustment seat has a first groove. The first adjustment handle is connected to the first adjustment seat and passes through the housing. When the first adjustment handle is pushed or pulled, the first adjustment seat drives the first aperture to rotate and adjust through the cooperation of the first protrusion and the first groove.

6. The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The polarizing unit includes a fourth fixing base, a second cover plate, a polarizer, and multiple first snap-fit ​​units. The fourth fixing base is connected to the housing and forms a second chamber with the second cover plate. Each of the first snap-fit ​​units is arranged side by side on the fourth fixing base and located in the second chamber. The polarizer has multiple third grooves and partially penetrates the second chamber. The first snap-fit ​​units engage with the third grooves to limit their movement, so that the light from the upper light source is aligned with the light transmission hole and the polarizing mirror of the polarizer, respectively.

7. The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The field-of-view switching unit further includes an adjustment unit and a third snap-fit ​​unit. The adjustment unit includes a partition, a third adjustment handle, a second screw, and a connecting seat. The partition has a first clearance hole and is connected to the connecting seat via the second screw. The first clearance hole is coaxially arranged with the fifth through hole of the fourth mounting seat. The connecting seat is also connected to the fourth mounting seat. The upper wall of the partition also has two fourth grooves arranged side by side. The third snap-fit ​​unit is installed on the fifth fixed seat. The third adjustment handle is connected to the partition. When the third adjustment handle is pushed or pulled, it drives the field-of-view switching unit to move and engages with one of the fourth grooves through the third snap-fit ​​unit to limit the movement, so that the light from the upper light source is aligned with the fifth through hole and the sixth through hole of the fourth mounting seat, respectively.

8. The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function as described in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: Each of the snap-fit ​​units includes a cylinder, a second spring piece, and two first clamping blocks. The first clamping blocks are connected to the corresponding fixing base and form a second groove. The two first clamping blocks are arranged opposite each other to clamp the cylinder and are in clearance fit with the cylinder. The second spring piece is located in the second groove and is used to apply elastic force to the cylinder and fit tightly with the corresponding groove.

9. The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The field-of-view switching unit also includes a cylindrical body, which is connected to the housing and located below the fifth mounting base, and is coaxially arranged with the second through hole.

10. The metallurgical microscope with light and dark field switching function as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The focusing unit includes a sixth mounting base and a second lens that are interconnected, and the sixth mounting base is connected to the housing.

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