Emulsified diesel and its preparation method and fuel

Abstract

The present invention provides emulsified diesel and a preparation method and fuel thereof. The emulsified diesel comprises 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, additives and water; wherein the additive is obtained by mixing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol. The present invention uses the above-mentioned specific components as raw materials to obtain emulsified diesel, and can obtain emulsified diesel with better emulsification performance, better stability and better environmental protection through a simpler process on the basis of lower cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of diesel fuel, and in particular to an emulsified diesel fuel and a preparation method thereof, and a fuel. Background Art

[0002] As the global environment continues to deteriorate, oil reserves continue to decline, while market demand is still growing. In the future, oil resources will become an important factor restricting my country's economic development. Therefore, it is a general trend to research and develop clean and more efficient alternative fuels.

[0003] Emulsified diesel is considered to be a clean fuel with broad prospects. The use of emulsified diesel can not only reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides and soot, improve combustion, and reduce fuel consumption, but also has the effect of fire prevention and explosion suppression. Emulsified diesel is an emulsion formed by mixing diesel, water and emulsifier in a certain proportion and then mechanically stirring or ultrasonically in a certain emulsification equipment. Compared with ordinary diesel, it has the advantages of good combustion performance, low energy consumption and less pollution. However, the mutual solubility of low-carbon alcohols and diesel is extremely poor, and even emulsification is difficult. The current research on the blending method (refers to the form of diesel and low-carbon alcohols mixed in a certain proportion and used as fuel, and the mixture of different fuels can be described as blending) mainly includes emulsification method, dual fuel injection system method, fumigation method, etc.

[0004] Among them, methanol emulsified diesel is currently the most commonly used, which is a physical phenomenon of "methanol in oil". A compound emulsifier is used for emulsification, one end of the emulsifier penetrates into the diesel layer, and the other end penetrates into the methanol layer, which greatly reduces the surface tension of the diesel and methanol phases. Methanol emulsified diesel fuel technology is easy to apply: the boiling point of methanol (64.5℃) is lower than that of diesel (180~370℃), and the vaporization expansion effect during the combustion process is conducive to the complete combustion of diesel.

[0005] For example, CN103805299A discloses a methanol emulsified diesel and a preparation method thereof, which relates to an emulsified diesel and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problem of poor stability of existing emulsified diesel. The methanol emulsified diesel is prepared by mixing 3% to 6% of an emulsifier by mass, 82% to 86% of diesel, 4% to 10% of water and 2% to 5% of methanol, wherein the emulsifier is composed of AOT and octanoic acid. Preparation method: 1. Weigh the raw materials; 2. Mix the emulsifier with part of the diesel in the raw materials to prepare an emulsifier solution; 3. Add the remaining diesel, water and methanol to the emulsifier solution, and mix and oscillate to obtain methanol emulsified diesel. The particle size of the microemulsion in the diesel of the present invention is in the range of 18 to 60 nm, and the stable period reaches more than three months. However, the purity of the methanol used in the preparation process of the invention is relatively high, which will increase the production cost, and the use of the mixed oscillation method will result in insufficient emulsification and uneven lubricating diesel.

[0006] CN101665727The invention relates to a method and device for continuously preparing methanol emulsified diesel, which solves the problems of high cost, intermittent production, poor product stability, etc. of the existing methanol emulsified diesel device. The steps of the method are: methanol is added with a hydrophilic emulsifier to form a water phase, and diesel is added with a lipophilic emulsifier to form an oil phase; the oil phase and the water phase are preliminarily emulsified by momentum, and then precision emulsified by supergravity. The device comprises an emulsifier, a high-speed rotatable annular filler made of a wire mesh is arranged in its shell, and a water phase nozzle and an oil phase nozzle with opposite outlets are arranged in the hollow of the annular filler. The beneficial effects of the invention are: it is possible to prepare a high-quality emulsion with good stability and uniform particle size distribution, continuous operation can be achieved, and it can be used immediately, and the amount of emulsifier can be adjusted according to demand to save the amount of emulsifier, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing methanol emulsified diesel; the device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. However, the methanol emulsified diesel produced by the method is not stable enough and is difficult to store for a long time, and the process is complicated and the operation difficulty increases.

[0007] CN104232180A The invention discloses a methanol diesel, comprising the following components by weight: 10 to 30 parts of methanol, 40 to 70 parts of national standard diesel, and 15 to 30 parts of diesel additives; the diesel additives include the following components by weight: 5 to 13 parts of diethyl phthalate, 1 to 10 parts of zinc peroxide, 0.01 to 0.03 parts of cyclopentaferrocene, 5 to 15 parts of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ether, 15 to 35 parts of petroleum acid, 3 to 9 parts of ethyl formate, 5 to 15 parts of isooctyl nitrate, and 10 to 25 parts of mixed fatty acid glycerides. The methanol diesel of the present invention has stable properties, strong resistance to water phase, no emulsification, no stratification, and its cetane number is high, it is powerful when used, has low sulfur content, and its tail gas emissions are more environmentally friendly. However, the technical method has the problems of low calorific value of emulsified oil and high cost of emulsifier, and the required reagents are of various types, which increases the production cost.

[0008] In summary, in the prior art, when preparing emulsified diesel, there are problems such as high cost, poor emulsification performance, poor stability, complex process, or poor environmental protection. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new preparation method to improve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an emulsified diesel and a preparation method and fuel thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art in the preparation of emulsified diesel, such as high cost, poor emulsification performance, poor stability, or complex process.

[0010] In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, an emulsified diesel is provided, which includes 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, additives and water; wherein the additive is obtained by mixing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol.

[0011] Furthermore, the emulsified diesel comprises 82-86 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, 5-11 parts of additives and 4-10 parts of water, in parts by weight.

[0012] Furthermore, the weight ratio of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol is (20-30): (10-15): (10-15): (40-60).

[0013] Furthermore, the emulsified diesel also includes 0.012 to 0.018 parts of an anti-wear agent by weight; preferably, the anti-wear agent is a fatty acid anti-wear agent; further preferably, the anti-wear agent is selected from one or more of XGL-10, GSC-03, K-800C / E or K-810E.

[0014] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the aforementioned emulsified diesel, characterized in that the preparation method comprises: mixing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol to obtain an additive; mixing 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, the additive and water to obtain emulsified diesel.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation method includes the following steps: S1, after a first stirring of the 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, an anti-wear agent is added to form a first system; S2, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether, and synthesis gas methanol are stirred for a second time to obtain additives; S3, the additives are added to the first system and mixed for a third stirring to form a second system; S4, water is added to the second system and stirred for a fourth time to obtain emulsified diesel.

[0016] Furthermore, in the first stirring process, the stirring speed is 500-800 r / min, and the stirring time is 1-2 h; preferably, in the second stirring process, the stirring speed is 500-700 r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h; preferably, in the third stirring process, the stirring speed is 500-800 r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h; preferably, in the fourth stirring process, the stirring speed is 800-1400 r / min, and the stirring time is 1-2 h.

[0017] Furthermore, the additive is added to the first system by a flow addition method; preferably, the flow addition amount of the additive is 0.1 to 1.0 m 3 / h.

[0018] Furthermore, water is added to the second system by a flow addition method; preferably, the flow addition amount of water is 0.5 to 1.0 m 3 / h.

[0019] According to another aspect of the present invention, a fuel is provided, the fuel comprising the aforementioned emulsified diesel, or the emulsified diesel prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0020] The present invention adopts the above-mentioned specific components as raw materials to obtain emulsified diesel, and can obtain emulsified diesel with better emulsification performance, better stability and better environmental protection at a lower cost and through a simpler process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an emulsified diesel production device of the present invention is shown.

[0023] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0024] 1. First reactor; 2. Second reactor; 3. Water supply device; 4. Emulsified diesel collection device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0026] As described in the background technology part of the present invention, the prior art has problems such as high cost, poor emulsification performance, poor stability, complex process, or poor environmental protection when preparing emulsified diesel. In order to solve this problem, the present invention provides an emulsified diesel, which includes 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, additives and water; wherein the additive is obtained by mixing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol.

[0027] The present invention unexpectedly uses the above-mentioned specific components as raw materials to obtain emulsified diesel, and can obtain emulsified diesel with better emulsification performance, better stability and better environmental protection on the basis of lower cost and through a relatively simple process. First of all, the inventor of the present invention creatively uses 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil (national standard GB / T 29720-2013) as the raw material for emulsified diesel. This raw material has the characteristics of low sulfur, low nitrogen, high cetane number, etc., so as a raw material for emulsified diesel, a kind of emulsified diesel with lower carbon and better ability to meet clean emission requirements can be obtained, and it is more environmentally friendly. At the same time, this can also enhance the added value of coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil products, effectively realize the feasibility of multiple utilization of coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil products, and the raw materials of emulsified diesel are easier to obtain and the manufacturing cost is lower.

[0028] Furthermore, the inventors of the present invention have found that when using the above-mentioned 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil to configure emulsified diesel, if conventional additives are used in conjunction, it is difficult to form emulsified diesel with better emulsification performance and stability. For example, the preparation of emulsified diesel with 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil and other conventional emulsifiers (such as oleic acid, sodium hydroxide, n-hexanol, etc.) will have the following disadvantages: the emulsification degree of the preparation process is slightly lacking, and the product uniformity is poor. Or, the product stability is poor. Or, the fluidity of the product will deteriorate when used in a low temperature area (below 0°C), thereby causing insufficient oil supply, vehicle stalling and other usage problems. Based on this, the inventors of the present invention further creatively proposed to mix sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol as additives to coordinate with 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil to obtain emulsified diesel, and then on the basis of lower cost, through a simpler process, an emulsified diesel with better emulsification performance, better stability, better fluidity and better environmental protection is obtained.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the emulsified diesel comprises 82-86 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, 5-11 parts of additives and 4-10 parts of water by weight. Based on this, the synergistic effect between the components is better, and the emulsification performance and stability of the emulsified diesel are better. Preferably, in the additive, the weight ratio of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid and ether is (20-30): (10-15): (10-15).

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, methanol can be directly purchased from commercial sources, or can be prepared from synthesis gas by a high pressure method, a low pressure method, or a medium pressure method, wherein the synthesis gas can be selected from coke oven gas and / or natural gas. In a preferred embodiment, the industrial zone is equipped with a synthesis gas methanol production device, and the methanol produced can be directly utilized to improve the overall utilization of materials in the industrial zone.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the emulsified diesel further comprises 0.012 to 0.018 parts of an anti-wear agent by weight. Based on this, the loss of each component in the subsequent mixing stage is smaller, and the above-mentioned beneficial effects can be achieved with a smaller amount of addition. Preferably, the anti-wear agent is a fatty acid anti-wear agent, and further preferably, the anti-wear agent is selected from one or more of XGL-10, GSC-03, K-800C / E or K-810E.

[0032] In order to further improve the performance of the product, in some preferred embodiments, the emulsified diesel includes 84 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, 8 parts of additives, 8 parts of water and 0.015 parts of anti-wear agent; or, the emulsified diesel includes 82 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, 11 parts of additives, 7 parts of water and 0.012 parts of anti-wear agent; or, the emulsified diesel includes 86 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, 5 parts of additives, 9 parts of water and 0.018 parts of anti-wear agent.

[0033] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the aforementioned emulsified diesel, which comprises: mixing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol to obtain an additive; and mixing 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, the additive and water to obtain emulsified diesel.

[0034] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can emulsify diesel with better emulsification performance and stability at a lower cost through the simple and convenient preparation method mentioned above.

[0035] In order to further obtain emulsified diesel with better emulsification performance and stability, in a preferred embodiment, the preparation method includes the following steps: S1, adding an anti-wear agent to the 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil after a first stirring to form a first system; S2, stirring sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether, and methanol for a second time to obtain additives; S3, adding the additives to the first system and mixing for a third stirring to form a second system; S4, adding water to the second system and stirring for a fourth time to obtain emulsified diesel.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, Figure 1The device shown in the figure carries out the above-mentioned preparation process. The device comprises a first reactor 1, a second reactor 2, a water supply device 3 and an emulsified diesel collection device 4. Specifically, the 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil can be first stirred in the first reactor 1, and then an anti-wear agent is added thereto to form a first system in the reactor. Then sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol are added to the second reactor 2 for a second stirring to obtain an additive. Then the additive is pumped into the first reactor 1 through a pump for a third stirring to form a second system. Then water is added to the first reactor 1 through the water supply device 3 for a fourth stirring to obtain emulsified diesel. Finally, the emulsified diesel is collected in the emulsified diesel collection device 4.

[0037] In order to further improve the performance uniformity of the product, in a preferred embodiment, in the first stirring process, the stirring speed is 500-800 r / min, and the stirring time is 1-2 h; in the second stirring process, the stirring speed is 500-700 r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h; in the third stirring process, the stirring speed is 500-800 r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h; in the fourth stirring process, the stirring speed is 800-1400 r / min, and the stirring time is 1-2 h.

[0038] In order to further improve the emulsification effect, the additive is added to the first system by a flow addition method. Preferably, the flow addition amount of the additive is 0.1 to 1.0 m 3 / h. Further, water is added to the second system by a flow addition method. Preferably, the flow addition amount of water is 0.5-1.0m 3 / h.

[0039] The present invention also provides a fuel, which includes the aforementioned emulsified diesel, or the emulsified diesel prepared by the aforementioned preparation method.

[0040] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can prepare emulsified diesel with better emulsification performance, better stability, better environmental performance and better low-temperature fluidity at a lower cost through the above simple and convenient preparation method. When the emulsified diesel is subsequently used in clean fuel, it can not only reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides and carbon soot, improve combustion, and reduce fuel consumption, but also has the effect of fire prevention and explosion suppression, and has better application performance.

[0041] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. These embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Take 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil and add it into a stirrer at room temperature of 25°C and stirring at 600 r / min for 1 hour, then add fatty acid anti-wear agent (XGL-10) to form a first system.

[0044] Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether, synthesis gas methanol (coal-to-methanol product, density 770-800kg / m 3 , water content 1-3%) according to a weight ratio of 20:10:10:40 and a second stirring was performed at 600 r / min for 1 hour to obtain an additive.

[0045] Add the additive at 0.5m 3 / h feed rate was added to the first system and mixed, and the third stirring was carried out at 600r / min for 0.5h to form a second system.

[0046] Into the second system with 0.5m 3 Water was added at a feed rate of / h and the mixture was stirred for a fourth time at 1000r / min for 1h to obtain emulsified diesel.

[0047] Wherein, by weight, the emulsified diesel includes 84 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, 8 parts of additives, 8 parts of water and 0.015 parts of anti-wear agent.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] The only difference from Example 1 is that, by weight, the emulsified diesel includes 82 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, 11 parts of additives, 7 parts of water and 0.012 parts of anti-wear agent.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] The only difference from Example 1 is that, by weight, the emulsified diesel includes 86 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, 5 parts of additives, 9 parts of water and 0.018 parts of anti-wear agent.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] The only difference from Example 1 is that, by weight, the emulsified diesel includes 90 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, 15 parts of additives, 15 parts of water and 0.03 parts of anti-wear agent.

[0054] Example 5

[0055] The only difference from Example 1 is that, by weight, the emulsified diesel includes 75 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, 2 parts of additives, 1 part of water and 0.008 parts of anti-wear agent.

[0056] Example 6

[0057] The only difference from Example 1 is that among the additives, the weight ratio of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol is 30:15:15:60.

[0058] Comparative Example 1

[0059] Commercially available 0# diesel (purchased from PetroChina), Span80 additive and industrial methanol were mixed in a weight ratio of 85:5:10 to obtain M10 methanol emulsified diesel.

[0060] Performance characterization:

[0061] The physical and chemical properties of the emulsified diesel of the embodiment and comparative example are shown in Table 1:

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] By comparing Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it can be found that the above-mentioned specific emulsified diesel of the present application (including 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch synthetic diesel component oil, additives and water; wherein the additives are obtained by mixing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol) has a higher cetane index on the basis of meeting the requirements for the use of conventional diesel.

[0066] Further comparison of Examples 1-5 shows that when the amount of each component in the emulsified diesel is limited to the following range: the emulsified diesel includes 82 to 86 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, 5 to 11 parts of additives and 4 to 10 parts of water. The emulsified diesel of the present application has lower cost and can simultaneously take into account a better cetane index, pour point and kinematic viscosity. If the amount of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, additives and water is too high, the pour point of the product will decrease. If the amount of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, additives and water is too low, the cetane index will decrease.

[0067] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emulsified diesel, characterized in that: In terms of weight, the emulsified diesel includes 82-86 parts of 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, 5-11 parts of additives and 4-10 parts of water; wherein the additive is obtained by mixing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol.

2. The emulsified diesel according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the additive, the weight ratio of the sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, the stearic acid, the ether and the methanol is (20-30): (10-15): (10-15): (40-60).

3. The emulsified diesel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emulsified diesel also includes 0.012 to 0.018 parts of anti-wear agent by weight.

4. The emulsified diesel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The antiwear agent is a fatty acid type antiwear agent; and / or, the antiwear agent is selected from one or more of XGL-10, GSC-03, K-800C / E or K-810E.

5. A method for preparing emulsified diesel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: mixing sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether and methanol to obtain an additive; The emulsified diesel is obtained by mixing 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, the additive and water.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, after first stirring the 0# coal-based Fischer-Tropsch diesel component oil, an antiwear agent is added to form a first system; S2, performing a second stirring on sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, stearic acid, ether, and synthesis gas methanol to obtain the additive; S3, adding the additive to the first system and mixing and performing a third stirring to form a second system; S4, adding water to the second system to perform a fourth stirring to obtain the emulsified diesel.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the first stirring process, the stirring speed is 500-800 r / min and the stirring time is 1-2 h; and / or, In the second stirring process, the stirring speed is 500-700 r / min and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h; and / or, In the third stirring process, the stirring speed is 500-800 r / min and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h; and / or, In the fourth stirring process, the stirring speed is 800-1400 r / min, and the stirring time is 1-2 h.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The additive is added to the first system by a flow addition method; the flow addition amount of the additive is 0.1 to 1.0 m 3 / h.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: Water is added to the second system by a flow addition method; the flow addition amount of the water is 0.5 to 1.0 m 3 / h.

10. A fuel, characterized in that: The fuel comprises the emulsified diesel according to any one of claims 1 to 4, or the emulsified diesel prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 9.

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