Fuel cell system exhaust control method and exhaust control device

Abstract

This disclosure relates to a fuel cell system exhaust control method, a fuel cell system exhaust control device, a storage medium, and a controller. The fuel cell system exhaust control method includes monitoring a first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and a second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system; determining an exhaust control execution strategy for the fuel cell system based on whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold; wherein the first threshold is less than the second threshold; and executing the exhaust control execution strategy to adjust the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system. Combining the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing with the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system comprehensively improves the effectiveness, accuracy, and safety of fuel cell system exhaust control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to a fuel cell system exhaust control method, fuel cell system exhaust control device, storage medium and controller. Background Technology

[0002] Amid the international energy crisis, the popularity of new energy sources has surged in recent years. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), as a next-generation sustainable energy source, are considered one of the most promising clean energy sources of the 21st century due to their high energy conversion efficiency, lack of noise, lack of corrosion, and high specific power. Furthermore, their reaction process is not limited by the Carnot cycle, and their high energy conversion efficiency has made them the primary choice for major automakers to replace other heat engines. However, this has also raised concerns about the safety of fuel cell systems. Specifically, the concentration of hydrogen in the exhaust gas needs to be properly adjusted to improve system safety. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present disclosure aims to provide a fuel cell system exhaust control method, a fuel cell system exhaust control device, a storage medium, and a controller.

[0004] The technical solution disclosed herein is implemented as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, this disclosure provides a method for controlling exhaust emissions in a fuel cell system.

[0006] The fuel cell system exhaust control method provided in this disclosure, applied to a controller, includes:

[0007] Monitor the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system;

[0008] Based on the determination of whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold, the exhaust control execution strategy of the fuel cell system is determined according to the determination results; wherein, the first threshold is less than the second threshold;

[0009] The tailpipe control execution strategy is executed to adjust the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system.

[0010] In some embodiments, determining the exhaust control execution strategy of the fuel cell system based on the determination of whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold includes:

[0011] If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a hydrogen leak is determined to have occurred between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and operations of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed are performed; wherein, reducing the throttle opening is used to reduce air diversion to the tailpipe and increase air diversion to the electric propulsion; and increasing the air compressor speed is used to increase the airflow to the electric propulsion; or...

[0012] If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then the operation of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed is executed. After a first predetermined time, the operation of detecting whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold is performed, and a predetermined operation is executed based on the detection results; or,

[0013] If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a PI control operation is performed on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or,

[0014] If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve are adjusted according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

[0015] In some embodiments, after the first predetermined time, it is detected whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, and a predetermined operation is performed based on the detection results, including:

[0016] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a first predetermined operation is executed; wherein the first predetermined operation is determined to be a PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or,

[0017] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a second predetermined operation is performed; wherein the second predetermined operation is determined to adjust the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

[0018] In some embodiments, determining that a hydrogen leak has occurred between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and performing the operations of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed, includes:

[0019] If hydrogen leakage is detected between the fuel cell stack and the casing, the throttle opening is reduced, and the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is detected after a second predetermined time.

[0020] If the first hydrogen concentration increases after a second predetermined time, the operation of increasing the air compressor speed is performed, and the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is detected after a third predetermined time.

[0021] If the concentration of the first hydrogen increases and exceeds a third threshold after a third predetermined time, a shutdown operation is performed on the fuel cell system; wherein the third threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0022] Secondly, this disclosure provides a fuel cell system exhaust control device, comprising:

[0023] The data monitoring module is used to monitor the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system.

[0024] The data judgment module is used to determine the exhaust control execution strategy of the fuel cell system based on the judgment of whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold; wherein the first threshold is less than the second threshold.

[0025] The strategy execution module is used to execute the tailpipe control execution strategy and adjust the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system.

[0026] In some embodiments, the data determination module is used for

[0027] If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a hydrogen leak is determined to have occurred between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and operations of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed are performed; wherein, reducing the throttle opening is used to reduce air diversion to the tailpipe and increase air diversion to the electric propulsion; and increasing the air compressor speed is used to increase the airflow to the electric propulsion; or...

[0028] If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then the operation of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed is executed. After a first predetermined time, the operation of detecting whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold is performed, and a predetermined operation is executed based on the detection results; or,

[0029] If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a PI control operation is performed on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or,

[0030] If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve are adjusted according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

[0031] In some embodiments, the data determination module is configured to:

[0032] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a first predetermined operation is executed; wherein the first predetermined operation is determined to be a PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or,

[0033] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a second predetermined operation is performed; wherein the second predetermined operation is determined to adjust the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

[0034] Thirdly, this disclosure provides an electric vehicle, characterized in that it includes:

[0035] A fuel cell system for generating driving power for the electric vehicle through a fuel reaction;

[0036] When the fuel cell system is undergoing a fuel reaction, the electric vehicle executes the fuel cell system exhaust control method according to any one of claims 1-4 to control the exhaust emissions of the fuel cell system.

[0037] Fourthly, this disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a fuel cell system exhaust control program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the fuel cell system exhaust control method described in the first aspect.

[0038] Fifthly, this disclosure provides a controller, including a memory, a processor, and a fuel cell system exhaust control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the fuel cell system exhaust control program, it implements the fuel cell system exhaust control method described in the first aspect above.

[0039] The fuel cell system exhaust control method according to embodiments of this disclosure includes monitoring a first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and a second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system; determining an exhaust control execution strategy for the fuel cell system based on whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold; wherein the first threshold is less than the second threshold; and executing the exhaust control execution strategy to adjust the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system. In this application, when considering exhaust control of the fuel cell system, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is taken into account, and the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system are considered comprehensively. This facilitates exhaust control of the fuel cell system from multiple perspectives, thereby improving the effectiveness, accuracy, and safety of exhaust control.

[0040] Additional aspects and advantages of this disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a fuel cell system exhaust control method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 ;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a fuel cell system exhaust control method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 ;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust control device structure of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0045] Embodiments of this disclosure are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this disclosure, and should not be construed as limiting this disclosure.

[0046] Amid the international energy crisis, the popularity of new energy sources has surged in recent years. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), as a next-generation sustainable energy source, are considered one of the most promising clean energy sources of the 21st century due to their high energy conversion efficiency, lack of noise, lack of corrosion, and high specific power. Furthermore, their reaction process is not limited by the Carnot cycle, and their high energy conversion efficiency has made them the primary choice for major automakers to replace other heat engines. However, this has also raised concerns about the safety of fuel cell systems. Specifically, the concentration of hydrogen in the exhaust gas needs to be properly adjusted to improve system safety.

[0047] In view of the above situation, this disclosure provides a method for controlling exhaust emissions in a fuel cell system. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a fuel cell system exhaust control method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 1 .like Figure 1 As shown, the exhaust control method for this fuel cell system includes:

[0048] Step 10: Monitor the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system;

[0049] Step 11: Based on the determination of whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, determine the exhaust control execution strategy of the fuel cell system according to the determination results; wherein, the first threshold is less than the second threshold;

[0050] Step 12: Execute the tailpipe control strategy to adjust the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system.

[0051] In this exemplary embodiment, when the tailpipe control execution strategy is executed to adjust the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system, it is generally determined that the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is reduced by executing the strategy during actual operation.

[0052] In this exemplary embodiment, hydrogen leakage may occur between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and this leaked hydrogen can affect the exhaust control and safety of the fuel cell system. Therefore, when considering the control of hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system, this application takes into account the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and combines the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing with the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system for comprehensive consideration. This approach facilitates multi-faceted and multi-dimensional exhaust control of the fuel cell system, thereby improving the effectiveness, accuracy, and safety of exhaust control.

[0053] In some embodiments, determining the exhaust control execution strategy of the fuel cell system based on the determination of whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold includes:

[0054] If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a hydrogen leak is determined to have occurred between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and operations of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed are performed; wherein, reducing the throttle opening is used to reduce air diversion to the tailpipe and increase air diversion to the electric propulsion; and increasing the air compressor speed is used to increase the airflow to the electric propulsion; or...

[0055] If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then the operation of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed is executed. After a first predetermined time, the operation of detecting whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold is performed, and a predetermined operation is executed based on the detection results; or,

[0056] If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a PI control operation is performed on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or,

[0057] If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve are adjusted according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

[0058] In this exemplary embodiment, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2As shown, in the fuel cell system, air enters an air filter for filtration, then the filtered air enters an air compressor for compression, and after compression, it enters an intercooler for cooling, followed by humidification. The humidified air is divided into two parts: one part enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack to react chemically with the hydrogen at the anode, and the other part is discharged through the throttle valve into the exhaust pipe. Hydrogen in the fuel cell system enters the anode of the fuel cell stack through the hydrogen intake system to react chemically with the oxygen at the cathode. The gas produced after the reaction in the fuel cell stack enters a hydrogen-water separator to separate the gas and water. The gas is discharged through the exhaust valve. The discharged gas contains nitrogen and may also contain hydrogen. The throttle opening controls the amount of air diverted into the exhaust pipe. A larger throttle opening results in a larger amount of air diverted into the exhaust pipe. A higher air compressor speed results in a larger airflow into the electric actuator. There is a straight pipe in the space between the air compressor and the fuel cell stack and the casing. When the air compressor speed increases, a large amount of air passing through the air compressor can directly enter the space between the fuel cell stack and the casing to dilute the concentration of hydrogen that leaks into the space between the fuel cell stack and the casing.

[0059] In this exemplary embodiment, determining that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and performing a PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve, includes:

[0060] The tailpipe opening time is adjusted by PI control based on the difference between the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system and the ideal hydrogen concentration, thereby ensuring that the tailpipe hydrogen concentration is below the ideal value m, thus reducing hydrogen emission concentration and improving safety and hydrogen utilization.

[0061] In some embodiments, after the first predetermined time, it is detected whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, and a predetermined operation is performed based on the detection results, including:

[0062] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a first predetermined operation is executed; wherein the first predetermined operation is determined to be a PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or,

[0063] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a second predetermined operation is performed; wherein the second predetermined operation is determined to adjust the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

[0064] In this exemplary embodiment, when the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the housing is detected after the first predetermined time and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, it can be determined that there is hydrogen leakage between the fuel cell stack and the housing. However, it cannot be determined whether the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve are appropriate. Therefore, it is necessary to detect whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the housing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold after the first predetermined time, and perform a predetermined operation based on the detection results.

[0065] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, it can be determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve are too long, causing a large amount of hydrogen to be discharged. At this time, it is necessary to perform PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve.

[0066] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system is less than or equal to the second threshold, then it can be determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve have not caused a large amount of hydrogen to be emitted. In this case, the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve can be adjusted according to the output power of the fuel cell system. This helps to reduce the hydrogen emission concentration and improve safety and hydrogen utilization.

[0067] In some embodiments, determining that a hydrogen leak has occurred between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and performing the operations of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed, includes:

[0068] If hydrogen leakage is detected between the fuel cell stack and the casing, the throttle opening is reduced, and the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is detected after a second predetermined time.

[0069] If the first hydrogen concentration increases after a second predetermined time, the operation of increasing the air compressor speed is performed, and the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is detected after a third predetermined time.

[0070] If the concentration of the first hydrogen increases and exceeds a third threshold after a third predetermined time, a shutdown operation is performed on the fuel cell system; wherein the third threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0071] In this exemplary embodiment, before monitoring the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system, the purging time can be reasonably adjusted by detecting the hydrogen pressure at the anode inlet to ensure the purity of hydrogen during the electrochemical reaction while improving hydrogen utilization.

[0072] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating a fuel cell system exhaust control method according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 2 .like Figure 3 As shown, the exhaust control method for a fuel cell system includes:

[0073] Step 30: The hydrogen intake system is turned on to supply hydrogen.

[0074] Step 31: Determine if the hydrogen inlet pressure is greater than or equal to the set value p1.

[0075] Step 32: When the hydrogen inlet pressure is greater than or equal to the set value p1, the purging is complete. First, the purging time is determined. The electronic control unit detects the hydrogen pressure entering the fuel cell stack. When the hydrogen inlet pressure is greater than the set value P1 and remains so for 3 seconds, the electronic control unit considers the purging complete and enters the normal reaction stage.

[0076] Step 33: The exhaust hydrogen concentration sensor and the hydrogen concentration sensor between the fuel cell stack and the casing monitor the hydrogen concentration in real time and determine whether the exhaust hydrogen concentration (i.e., the second hydrogen concentration in the exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system in the above embodiments) is less than the set value a, and whether the casing hydrogen concentration (i.e., the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing in the above embodiments) is less than the set value b.

[0077] If, at any stage (such as during purging or reaction), the hydrogen concentration in the tail gas is less than the set value a and the hydrogen concentration in the chassis is less than the set value b, then the frequency at which the hydrogen exhaust valve (i.e., the tail gas valve in the above embodiments) opens is calibrated according to the system power.

[0078] Step 34: If the exhaust hydrogen concentration is less than the set value a and the chassis hydrogen concentration is less than the set value b, it is not true. Then, it is determined whether the chassis hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the set value b. If it is determined that the chassis hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the set value b, the electronic control unit believes that the exhaust concentration is too high because of hydrogen leakage. At this time, the ideal hydrogen exhaust concentration value m is set, and the exhaust hydrogen concentration is reduced by adjusting the air compressor speed and throttle opening.

[0079] Step 35: If the hydrogen concentration in the chassis is less than the set value b, then determine whether the exhaust hydrogen concentration is greater than the set value a. If the exhaust hydrogen concentration is greater than the set value a, the electronic control unit (ECU) considers the excessive exhaust hydrogen concentration to be caused by an inappropriate opening frequency of the exhaust valve (i.e., the exhaust valve in the above embodiments). At this point, step 36 is executed: the ECU adjusts the opening frequency (and opening time) of the exhaust valve (i.e., the exhaust valve in the above embodiments) via PI control to bring the exhaust hydrogen concentration below the ideal concentration value m. However, this adjustment fails to reduce the exhaust hydrogen concentration below the ideal hydrogen concentration value m; instead, it increases the concentration to c. The ECU considers the hydrogen leakage severe and controls the fuel cell system to shut down, cutting off the hydrogen supply (the set value m is not specified). <b<a<c)。

[0080] The specific control scheme for when the hydrogen concentration in the chassis is too high is as follows:

[0081] The ideal value 'm' for the exhaust hydrogen concentration is set. The specific method to reduce the exhaust hydrogen concentration is to increase the airflow, thereby diluting the exhaust hydrogen to achieve the ideal concentration value 'm'. Adjusting the air compressor speed and throttle opening can increase the exhaust air content, thus reducing the exhaust hydrogen concentration. Considering the high energy consumption of the air compressor, this control scheme prioritizes a single variable principle. When the electronic control unit detects that the hydrogen concentration in the chassis is greater than or equal to 'b', the air compressor speed remains unchanged, and the throttle opening is reduced to 50% of its current value while the chassis hydrogen concentration is detected. If the concentration increases instead of decreasing, the air compressor speed is increased by 1000 rpm. The air compressor speed and chassis hydrogen concentration are calculated using a difference algorithm; for every 1000 ppm increase in concentration, the air compressor speed is increased by 1000 rpm. At any stage, if the electronic control unit detects that the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the set value 'c', the system will shut down.

[0082] Among them, the specific solution when the hydrogen concentration in the chassis is less than b, but the hydrogen concentration in the exhaust is greater than or equal to a is as follows: the ideal exhaust valve opening time is set according to the ideal hydrogen concentration in the exhaust and the system power, and the exhaust valve opening time is adjusted by PI according to the difference between the exhaust hydrogen concentration and the ideal hydrogen concentration, so as to achieve the exhaust hydrogen concentration below the ideal value m.

[0083] The fuel cell system exhaust control method disclosed in this application controls the purging time, exhaust valve opening frequency, and exhaust hydrogen concentration to improve system safety and stability while increasing hydrogen utilization.

[0084] This disclosure provides a fuel cell system exhaust control device. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust control device structure of a fuel cell system according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, the exhaust control device of the fuel cell system includes:

[0085] Data monitoring module 40 is used to monitor the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system.

[0086] The data judgment module 41 is used to determine the exhaust control execution strategy of the fuel cell system based on the judgment of whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold; wherein the first threshold is less than the second threshold.

[0087] The strategy execution module 42 is used to execute the tailpipe control execution strategy and adjust the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system.

[0088] In this exemplary embodiment, hydrogen leakage may occur between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and this leaked hydrogen can affect the exhaust control and safety of the fuel cell system. Therefore, when considering the control of hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system, this application takes into account the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and combines the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing with the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system for comprehensive consideration. This approach facilitates multi-faceted and multi-dimensional exhaust control of the fuel cell system, thereby improving the effectiveness, accuracy, and safety of exhaust control.

[0089] In some embodiments, the data determination module is used for

[0090] If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a hydrogen leak is determined to have occurred between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and operations of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed are performed; wherein, reducing the throttle opening is used to reduce air diversion to the tailpipe and increase air diversion to the electric propulsion; and increasing the air compressor speed is used to increase the airflow to the electric propulsion; or...

[0091] If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then the operation of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed is executed. After a first predetermined time, the operation of detecting whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold is performed, and a predetermined operation is executed based on the detection results; or,

[0092] If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a PI control operation is performed on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or,

[0093] If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve are adjusted according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

[0094] In this exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, in the fuel cell system, air enters an air filter for filtration, then the filtered air enters an air compressor for compression, and after compression, it enters an intercooler for cooling, followed by humidification. The humidified air is divided into two parts: one part enters the cathode of the fuel cell stack to react chemically with the hydrogen at the anode, and the other part is discharged through the throttle valve into the exhaust pipe. Hydrogen in the fuel cell system enters the anode of the fuel cell stack through the hydrogen intake system to react chemically with the oxygen at the cathode. The gas produced after the reaction in the fuel cell stack enters a hydrogen-water separator to separate the gas and water. The gas is discharged through the exhaust valve. The discharged gas contains nitrogen and may also contain hydrogen. The throttle opening controls the amount of air diverted into the exhaust pipe. A larger throttle opening results in a larger amount of air diverted into the exhaust pipe. A higher air compressor speed results in a larger airflow into the electric actuator. There is a straight pipe in the space between the air compressor and the fuel cell stack and the casing. When the air compressor speed increases, a large amount of air passing through the air compressor can directly enter the space between the fuel cell stack and the casing to dilute the concentration of hydrogen that leaks into the space between the fuel cell stack and the casing.

[0095] In this exemplary embodiment, determining that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and performing a PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve, includes:

[0096] The tailpipe opening time is adjusted by PI control based on the difference between the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system and the ideal hydrogen concentration, thereby ensuring that the tailpipe hydrogen concentration is below the ideal value m, thus reducing hydrogen emission concentration and improving safety and hydrogen utilization.

[0097] In some embodiments, the data determination module is configured to:

[0098] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a first predetermined operation is executed; wherein the first predetermined operation is determined to be a PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or,

[0099] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a second predetermined operation is performed; wherein the second predetermined operation is determined to adjust the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

[0100] In this exemplary embodiment, when the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the housing is detected after the first predetermined time and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, it can be determined that there is hydrogen leakage between the fuel cell stack and the housing. However, it cannot be determined whether the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve are appropriate. Therefore, it is necessary to detect whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the housing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold after the first predetermined time, and perform a predetermined operation based on the detection results.

[0101] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, it can be determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve are too long, causing a large amount of hydrogen to be discharged. At this time, it is necessary to perform PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve.

[0102] If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system is less than or equal to the second threshold, then it can be determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve have not caused a large amount of hydrogen to be emitted. In this case, the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve can be adjusted according to the output power of the fuel cell system. This helps to reduce the hydrogen emission concentration and improve safety and hydrogen utilization.

[0103] In some embodiments, the data determination module is used for

[0104] If hydrogen leakage is detected between the fuel cell stack and the casing, the throttle opening is reduced, and the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is detected after a second predetermined time.

[0105] If the first hydrogen concentration increases after a second predetermined time, the operation of increasing the air compressor speed is performed, and the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is detected after a third predetermined time.

[0106] If the concentration of the first hydrogen increases and exceeds a third threshold after a third predetermined time, a shutdown operation is performed on the fuel cell system; wherein the third threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0107] In this exemplary embodiment, before monitoring the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system, the purging time can be reasonably adjusted by detecting the hydrogen pressure at the anode inlet to ensure the purity of hydrogen during the electrochemical reaction while improving hydrogen utilization.

[0108] This disclosure provides an electric vehicle, including:

[0109] A fuel cell system for generating driving power for the electric vehicle through a fuel reaction;

[0110] When the fuel cell system is undergoing a fuel reaction, the electric vehicle executes the fuel cell system exhaust control method described in the above embodiments to control the exhaust emissions of the fuel cell system.

[0111] This disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a fuel cell system exhaust control program thereon. When the fuel cell system exhaust control program is executed by a processor, it implements the fuel cell system exhaust control method described in the above embodiments.

[0112] This disclosure provides a controller, including a memory, a processor, and a fuel cell system exhaust control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the fuel cell system exhaust control program, it implements the fuel cell system exhaust control method described in the above embodiments.

[0113] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which programs can be printed, because programs can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0114] It should be understood that various parts of this disclosure can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0115] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0116] In the description of this disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this disclosure and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this disclosure.

[0117] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the embodiments of this disclosure are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated in this embodiment. Therefore, features defined with terms such as "first" and "second" in the embodiments of this disclosure can explicitly or implicitly indicate that the embodiment includes at least one of those features. In the description of this disclosure, the word "multiple" means at least two or more, such as two, three, four, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified in the embodiments.

[0118] In this disclosure, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited in the embodiments, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., appearing in the embodiments should be interpreted broadly. For example, a connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can also be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, etc. Of course, it can also be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication between two components, or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure based on the specific implementation.

[0119] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0120] Although embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for controlling exhaust emissions in a fuel cell system, characterized in that, include: Monitor the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system; Based on the determination of whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold, the exhaust control execution strategy of the fuel cell system is determined according to the determination results; wherein, the first threshold is less than the second threshold; The tailpipe control execution strategy is executed to adjust the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system. The step of determining the exhaust control strategy of the fuel cell system based on the determination of whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold includes: If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a hydrogen leak is determined to have occurred between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and operations of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed are performed; wherein, reducing the throttle opening is used to reduce air diversion to the tailpipe and increase air diversion to the electric propulsion; and increasing the air compressor speed is used to increase the airflow to the electric propulsion; or... If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then the operation of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed is executed. After a first predetermined time, the operation of detecting whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold is performed, and a predetermined operation is executed based on the detection results; or, If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a PI control operation is performed on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or, If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve are adjusted according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

2. The fuel cell system exhaust control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the first predetermined time, the system detects whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, and performs predetermined operations based on the detection results, including: If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding exhaust pipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a first predetermined operation is executed; wherein the first predetermined operation is determined to be a PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or, If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a second predetermined operation is performed; wherein the second predetermined operation is determined to adjust the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

3. The fuel cell system exhaust control method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining that hydrogen leakage has occurred between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and performing operations to reduce the throttle opening and / or increase the air compressor speed, includes: If hydrogen leakage is detected between the fuel cell stack and the casing, the throttle opening is reduced, and the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is detected after a second predetermined time. If the first hydrogen concentration increases after a second predetermined time, the operation of increasing the air compressor speed is performed, and the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is detected after a third predetermined time. If the concentration of the first hydrogen increases and exceeds a third threshold after a third predetermined time, a shutdown operation is performed on the fuel cell system; wherein the third threshold is greater than the first threshold.

4. A fuel cell system exhaust control device, characterized in that, include: The data monitoring module is used to monitor the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system. The data judgment module is used to determine the exhaust control execution strategy of the fuel cell system based on the judgment of whether the first hydrogen concentration is greater than a first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration is greater than a second threshold; wherein the first threshold is less than the second threshold. The strategy execution module is used to execute the tailpipe control execution strategy and adjust the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system. The data judgment module is used for If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a hydrogen leak is determined to have occurred between the fuel cell stack and the casing, and operations of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed are performed; wherein, reducing the throttle opening is used to reduce air diversion to the tailpipe and increase air diversion to the electric propulsion; and increasing the air compressor speed is used to increase the airflow to the electric propulsion; or... If the first hydrogen concentration is greater than the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then the operation of reducing the throttle opening and / or increasing the air compressor speed is executed. After a first predetermined time, the operation of detecting whether the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is greater than the first threshold and whether the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold is performed, and a predetermined operation is executed based on the detection results; or, If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a PI control operation is performed on the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve; or, If the first hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the first threshold and the second hydrogen concentration is less than or equal to the second threshold, the opening frequency and opening time of the exhaust valve are adjusted according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

5. The fuel cell system exhaust control device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The data judgment module is used for: If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is greater than the second threshold, then it is determined that the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve in the fuel cell are too high, and a first predetermined operation is performed; wherein the first predetermined operation is determined to be a PI adjustment operation on the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve. or, If, after the first predetermined time, the first hydrogen concentration between the fuel cell stack and the casing is less than or equal to the first threshold, and the second hydrogen concentration in the corresponding tailpipe of the fuel cell system is less than or equal to the second threshold, then a second predetermined operation is performed; wherein the second predetermined operation is determined to adjust the opening frequency and opening time of the tailpipe valve according to the output power of the fuel cell system.

6. An electric vehicle, characterized in that, include: A fuel cell system for generating driving power for the electric vehicle through a fuel reaction; When the fuel cell system is undergoing a fuel reaction, the electric vehicle executes the fuel cell system exhaust control method according to any one of claims 1-3 to control the exhaust emissions of the fuel cell system.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a fuel cell system exhaust control program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the fuel cell system exhaust control method as described in any one of claims 1-3.

8. A controller, characterized in that, The method includes a memory, a processor, and a fuel cell system exhaust control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the fuel cell system exhaust control program, it implements the fuel cell system exhaust control method according to any one of claims 1-3.

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