A precise artificial rainfall simulation system

Abstract

The present invention provides a precisely controlled artificial rainfall simulation system, comprising a bracket, a plurality of micro sprinklers with openings facing downward arranged on the bracket, and a soil box arranged below the plurality of micro sprinklers. The plurality of micro sprinklers are also connected to a constant-pressure liquid supply device, and further comprising a driving device for driving the plurality of micro sprinklers to move in a horizontal direction. The constant-pressure liquid supply device is used to supply a constant-pressure water flow to the plurality of micro sprinklers, and the driving device is used to drive the plurality of micro sprinklers to reciprocate in a horizontal direction when the micro sprinklers spray water. The constant water pressure is supplied by the constant-pressure liquid supply device, so that the micro sprinklers can spray evenly. At the same time, the driving device drives the plurality of micro sprinklers to reciprocate on a horizontal plane, thereby further improving the spraying uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention generally relates to the technical field of artificial rainfall test devices, and in particular to a precisely controlled artificial rainfall simulation system. Background Art

[0002] The timing, amount, and intensity of natural rainfall are random and uncontrollable. Relying on natural rainfall to study rainwater infiltration patterns under different underlying surface conditions requires a long time period, with uncertain rainfall amounts and timing, lack of repeatability, and significant expenditure of manpower and material resources. Artificial rainfall simulation systems can replicate rainfall multiple times in a short period of time, with controllable rainfall amount, intensity, droplet size, and duration. This can accelerate research on the effects of rainfall on rainwater infiltration patterns under different underlying surface conditions.

[0003] Currently, there are numerous inventive designs for artificial rainfall simulation systems in China. These use needles of varying diameters arranged in a matrix on a mounting plate to simulate raindrops of varying sizes. A traction device circulates the rainfall nozzles at a constant speed, improving the spatial uniformity of artificial rainfall even with a small number of nozzles. Atomizing rainfall units and CNC micro-pore nozzles are also employed to achieve rainfall intensities ranging from light to strong, with intelligent control. While these artificial rainfall systems have been able to simulate artificial rainfall to a certain extent, they have not addressed the complex structures, cumbersome operations, low levels of automation, and the strong dependence of simulated rainfall uniformity on the manufacturing precision of each nozzle. Furthermore, previous systems have had a very narrow adjustment range for rainfall intensity, requiring equipment or device replacement during experiments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a precisely controlled artificial rainfall simulation system to at least partially solve the technical problems in the background technology.

[0005] The present invention provides a precisely controlled artificial rainfall simulation system, comprising a bracket, a plurality of downward-opening, flow-adjustable micro-sprinklers arranged on the bracket, and a soil box arranged below the plurality of micro-sprinklers. The plurality of micro-sprinklers are also connected to a constant-pressure liquid supply device, and further comprising a driving device for driving the plurality of micro-sprinklers to move in a horizontal direction. The constant-pressure liquid supply device is used to supply a constant-pressure water flow to the plurality of micro-sprinklers, and the driving device is used to drive the plurality of micro-sprinklers to reciprocate in a horizontal direction when the micro-sprinklers spray water.

[0006] Furthermore, the constant pressure liquid supply device includes a supply water tank, a piston cavity of the supply water tank, a piston slidingly arranged in the piston cavity, and a linear adjustment component arranged on the side of the piston away from the supply water tank. The water inlet and water outlet of the supply water tank are both provided with water pressure detection devices, and the linear adjustment component is electrically connected to the two water pressure detection devices.

[0007] Furthermore, the constant pressure liquid supply device also includes a supply water pump connected to the water inlet of the supply water tank, the linear adjustment component, and the piston is also provided with a detection unit for detecting the water pressure in the water tank. The supply water pump is connected to the detection unit and is used to adjust the power of the water pump according to the detection value of the detection unit.

[0008] Furthermore, the linear adjustment assembly includes a fixed plate arranged at the end of the piston chamber, a screw nut rotatably arranged on the fixed plate, a screw connected to the screw nut, and a drive motor for driving the screw nut to rotate, the end of the screw is connected to the piston, and the screw is coaxially arranged with the piston chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the detection unit includes a connecting plate arranged between the piston and the fixed plate and fixedly connected to the screw rod, a plurality of guide holes are arranged on the connecting plate around the screw rod, a guide rod is guided in the guide hole, the piston is connected to the end of the guide rod, a limiting plate is provided at the other end of the guide rod, a first elastic member is provided between the connecting plate and the piston, and a detection sensor for detecting whether the limiting plate leaves the connecting plate is also provided on the connecting plate.

[0010] Furthermore, an adjustment plate is provided between the connecting plate and the limiting plate, a linear actuator is provided between the adjustment plate and the connecting plate, and the detection sensor is provided on the adjustment plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection sensor is a photoelectric sensor.

[0012] Furthermore, the water pressure detection device includes an elastic flow channel, a rigid shell surrounding the elastic flow channel, and a columnar channel connected to the rigid shell. A sliding block is slidably arranged in the columnar channel, and the sliding block is slidably sealed with the inner side wall of the columnar channel. A displacement sensor for detecting the displacement of the sliding block is provided on the columnar channel.

[0013] The present invention provides a precisely controlled artificial rainfall simulation system. When in use, a constant-pressure water source is supplied by a constant-pressure liquid supply device according to actual needs, and a plurality of micro-sprinklers are driven by a driving device to reciprocate in a certain amplitude in the horizontal direction. After the water source is supplied to the micro-sprinklers, the water is evenly sprayed into the soil inside the soil box below through the micro-sprinklers. Since a constant water pressure is supplied by the constant-pressure liquid supply device, the micro-sprinklers can spray evenly. At the same time, the plurality of micro-sprinklers are driven by the driving device to reciprocate on the horizontal plane, thereby further improving the spraying uniformity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a precisely controlled artificial rainfall simulation system provided by the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a constant pressure liquid supply device in a precisely controlled artificial rainfall simulation system provided by the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the locally enlarged structure at point A in a precisely controlled artificial rainfall simulation system provided by the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the locally enlarged structure of point B in the precise control artificial rainfall simulation system provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for the purpose of explaining the relevant invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only portions relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0020] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The present invention provides a precise control artificial rainfall simulation system, as a specific embodiment, referring to Figure 1 The system includes a bracket 1, a plurality of micro sprinklers 2 with adjustable flow rates and openings facing downward arranged on the bracket 1, and a soil box 3 arranged below the plurality of micro sprinklers 2. The plurality of micro sprinklers 2 are also connected to a constant pressure liquid supply device 5, and also includes a driving device for driving the plurality of micro sprinklers to move in a horizontal direction. The constant pressure liquid supply device 5 is used to supply constant pressure water flow to the plurality of micro sprinklers 2, and the driving device is used to drive the plurality of micro sprinklers 2 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction when the micro sprinklers spray water.

[0023] Specifically, through this setting, when in use, according to actual needs, a constant pressure water source is supplied by the constant pressure liquid supply device 5, and a plurality of micro sprinklers are driven to reciprocate in a certain amplitude in the horizontal direction through a driving device (not shown in the figure). After the water source is supplied to the micro sprinkler 2, it is evenly sprayed into the soil inside the soil box below. Since a constant water pressure is supplied by the constant pressure liquid supply device, the micro sprinkler can spray evenly. At the same time, the plurality of micro sprinklers are driven to reciprocate on the horizontal plane by the driving device (not shown), thereby further improving the spraying uniformity. The driving device (not shown) can be a device set in the horizontal A linear drive device between the support surface and the bracket 1, the linear drive device can be provided with a horizontal screw rod on the horizontal support surface, and a screw nut is provided on the horizontal screw rod. By setting the bracket on the screw nut, and then driving the horizontal screw rod to move back and forth by the servo motor, the drive bracket is driven to move back and forth on the horizontal plane, and the purpose of reciprocating driving the micro sprinkler is achieved by fixing the micro sprinkler on the bracket, wherein the constant pressure liquid supply device is connected to multiple micro sprinklers 2 through a water supply hose; as a preferred embodiment, the soil box 3 is made of glass material, and the specific structure and working principle of the constant pressure liquid supply device 5 are referred to below.

[0024] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the micro sprinkler 2 is detachably connected to the water supply hose through a quick connector, so that the micro sprinkler can be quickly disassembled and installed, and the micro sprinkler can adopt the micro sprinkler commonly used in the prior art that can adjust the spray flow rate. Through this setting, the size of the water droplets sprayed by the sprinkler can be adjusted, and raindrops of different sizes can be simulated.

[0025] Further, as a specific embodiment, refer to Figures 1-4 The constant pressure liquid supply device 5 includes a supply water tank 51, a piston cavity 52 in the supply water tank 51, a piston 53 slidingly arranged in the piston cavity 52, and a linear adjustment component 54 arranged on the side of the piston away from the supply water tank 51. The water inlet and water outlet of the supply water tank 51 are both provided with water pressure detection devices 55, and the linear adjustment component 54 is electrically connected to the two water pressure detection devices 55.

[0026] Further, refer to Figures 1-4 The constant pressure liquid supply device 5 also includes a supply water pump 56 connected to the water inlet of the supply water tank, the linear adjustment component 54, and the piston 53 is also provided with a detection unit 57 for detecting the water pressure in the water tank 51. The supply water pump 58 is connected to the detection unit and is used to adjust the power of the water pump 58 according to the detection value of the detection unit.

[0027] Specifically, refer to Figure 1The constant pressure liquid supply device also includes a control device 59, which is connected to the linear adjustment component 54 and the two water pressure detection devices 55 and the detection unit 57. The control device collects detection information from the detection unit and the two water pressure detection devices 55, and controls the linear adjustment component 54 to adjust according to the detection information, thereby ensuring the pressure balance between the water inlet and the water outlet of the water supply tank 51. The working principle of the constant pressure liquid supply device 5 is as follows: water is pumped into the water supply tank 51 by the water pumping device, so that the water pressure in the water supply tank gradually increases. At the same time, the water pressure inside the water supply tank 51 is detected by the detection unit 57. When the water pressure exceeds the preset pressure P1 value, the water pump is controlled to stop working for a preset time T, and then the water pump is controlled to work again. When the water pressure in the water supply tank exceeds the preset pressure P1 again, the water pump is controlled to stop working for a preset time T again, thereby repeating the above operation to achieve the purpose of providing a constant water pressure to multiple micro sprinklers 2. As a specific embodiment, the time T is determined by the following formula: T=(P1+P0 / P1-P0) 1 / 2 *(φ 额定 / φ1)*&+t, where t is the time constant, t=0.08 seconds, P0 is the atmospheric pressure, φ 额定 The velocity of water pumped into the water tank when the water pump 58 is at rated power, in mm 3 / s, φ1 is the velocity of water flowing out of the supply tank, in mm 3 / s, & is the adjustment parameter, the value range is 0.58-2.47, when P1 = (1.5-3)P0, the value range of & is: 1-2.47, when P1 is greater than 3P0, the value range of & is: 0.58-1; where φ 额定 Both φ1 and φ2 can be achieved by installing flow detection sensors (not shown) at the inlet and outlet of the water supply tank, thereby detecting the instantaneous flow rate of the water flow through the flow detection sensors. P1 is an adjustable parameter, which simulates the amount of rainfall as needed. When a large amount of rainfall is required, the setting value of P1 is larger, and when the rainfall is smaller, the setting value of P1 is correspondingly smaller. The setting and adjustment method of the P1 value in the water supply tank can be referred to below.

[0028] Furthermore, it can be understood that the constant water pressure in the water supply tank achieved by controlling the on and off of the water pump has a certain hysteresis, and water pressure fluctuations will occur when the water pump starts and stops. This can be directly reflected in the different water pressures at the water inlet and outlet of the water supply tank, thereby causing the water droplets sprayed by the micro-sprinkler to fluctuate. In order to reduce this phenomenon, as a preferred embodiment, a water pressure detection device 55 is set at the water inlet and the water outlet to detect the water pressure at the water inlet and the water outlet. During the time period T of starting and stopping the water pump, when the outlet pressure is greater than the inlet pressure, the linear adjustment device is controlled to drive the piston to move a certain distance away from the water supply tank. When the outlet pressure is less than the inlet pressure, the linear adjustment device is controlled to drive the piston to move a certain distance H in the direction close to the water supply tank, in millimeters, thereby improving the effect of fine-tuning the water pressure, which is conducive to reducing water pressure fluctuations. 差 | is the absolute value of the difference between the outlet pressure and the inlet pressure, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the piston chamber in square millimeters, and V is the volume of the supply water tank in cubic millimeters. Then H=&1(|P 差 | -2 *S / V)+h, where h is the second adjustment constant, which is 3 mm, and &1 is the second adjustment coefficient, which ranges from 1.35 to 3.73; and the adjustment speed of the linear adjustment component 54 is not greater than 1.5 mm / s.

[0029] Further, as a preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 4 The linear adjustment component 54 includes a fixed plate 541 arranged at the end of the piston chamber 52, a screw nut 543 rotatably arranged on the fixed plate 541, a screw 542 connected to the screw nut 543 and a driving motor 544 for driving the screw nut to rotate, the end of the screw 542 is connected to the piston 53, and the screw 542 is coaxially arranged with the piston chamber 52, wherein the adjustment method of the linear adjustment component 54 is: by driving the screw nut 543 of the driving motor 544 to rotate, the two screw nuts and the fixed plate 541 are axially anti-movement matched, so that the screw 542 can be driven to move in the axial direction, and the screw can drive the piston to move in the piston chamber.

[0030] Further, as a specific embodiment, refer to Figure 2 ,、 Figure 4The detection unit 57 includes a connecting plate 571 arranged between the piston 53 and the fixed plate 541 and fixedly connected to the screw rod 542. A plurality of guide holes 5710 are arranged on the connecting plate 571 around the screw rod. A guide rod 572 is provided in the guide hole. The piston 53 is connected to the end of the guide rod 572. A limiting plate 573 is provided at the other end of the guide rod 572. A first elastic member 574 is provided between the connecting plate 571 and the piston. A detection sensor 575 for detecting whether the limiting plate leaves the connecting plate is also provided on the connecting plate 571.

[0031] Specifically, as a preferred embodiment, the elastic member is a compression spring. Through this setting, the preset pressure P1 can be set by controlling the elastic force F of the first elastic member, specifically P1 = F / S, wherein the working mode of the detection unit is: when the pressure value in the supply water tank is less than the preset value P1, the limit plate is pressed against the limit surface of the piston away from the supply water tank under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic member to form a limit, and the detection sensor 575 is set on the limit surface. At this time, the detection sensor is not triggered. As the water pump works to supply water to the supply water tank, when the pressure in the supply water tank exceeds the preset value P1, the piston can be driven to resist the elastic movement of the first elastic member 574, so that the limit plate leaves the limit surface of the piston. At this time, the detection sensor can detect that the limit plate has left the limit surface, thereby obtaining that the pressure in the supply water tank exceeds P1 at this time, and then the water pump is controlled to stop working.

[0032] Furthermore, the preset value P1 is adjusted as follows: an adjusting plate 576 is provided between the connecting plate 571 and the limiting plate 573, a linear actuator 577 is provided between the adjusting plate 576 and the connecting plate, and the detection sensor 575 is provided on the adjusting plate 576. Specifically, the linear actuator 577 can be an electric telescopic rod, a piezoelectric brake, etc., wherein the limiting surface of the piston is the plate surface of the adjusting plate, and the detection sensor is provided on the adjusting plate. The linear actuator can drive the adjusting plate 576 to move, thereby driving the limiting plate to pull the piston to move, thereby adjusting the compression amount of the first elastic member. The greater the pressure contraction of the first elastic member, the greater the force to drive the piston to drive the limiting plate to leave the limiting surface, and thus the value of P1 is also greater. Therefore, only when the water pressure in the water tank is large can the piston be driven to drive the limiting plate to leave the limiting surface, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting P1.

[0033] Furthermore, as a specific implementation, the detection sensor 575 is a photoelectric sensor.

[0034] Further, refer to Figure 3As a specific embodiment, the water pressure detection device 55 includes an elastic flow channel 550, a rigid shell 551 surrounding the elastic flow channel 550, and a columnar channel 552 connected to the rigid shell. A sliding block 553 is slidably arranged in the columnar channel. The sliding block 553 is slidably sealed with the inner side wall of the columnar channel. A displacement sensor 554 is provided on the columnar channel for detecting the displacement of the sliding block 553.

[0035] Specifically, its working principle is as follows: a flow medium is filled between the rigid shell and the elastic flow channel. When the inside of the elastic flow channel is at atmospheric pressure, the sliding block is in the columnar channel 552 at one end close to the rigid shell. As the pressure inside the elastic flow channel increases, the elastic flow channel expands outward and undergoes elastic deformation, thereby squeezing the flow medium between the rigid shell and the elastic flow channel into the columnar channel, driving the sliding block to move. When the pressure inside the elastic flow channel becomes smaller, it retracts under the action of its own elastic force, causing the movable block to slide as well. The pressure magnitude can be obtained by obtaining the displacement of the sliding block.

[0036] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in this application is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this application.

Claims

1. A precise artificial rainfall simulation system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a bracket (1), a plurality of micro-sprinklers (2) with downwardly-opening adjustable flow rates arranged on the bracket (1), and a soil box (3) arranged below the plurality of micro-sprinklers (2), wherein the plurality of micro-sprinklers (2) are further connected to a constant-pressure liquid supply device (5), and further comprises a driving device (4) for driving the plurality of micro-sprinklers to move in a horizontal direction, wherein the constant-pressure liquid supply device (5) is used to supply a constant-pressure water flow to the plurality of micro-sprinklers (2), and the driving device is used to drive the plurality of micro-sprinklers (2) to reciprocate in a horizontal direction when the micro-sprinklers spray water; The constant pressure liquid supply device (5) comprises a supply water tank (51), a piston cavity (52) connected to the supply water tank (51), a piston (53) slidably disposed in the piston cavity (52), and a linear adjustment component (54) disposed on a side of the piston away from the supply water tank (51). The water inlet and the water outlet of the supply water tank (51) are both provided with water pressure detection devices (55). The linear adjustment component (54) is electrically connected to the two water pressure detection devices (55). The linear adjustment assembly (54) includes a fixed plate (541) arranged at the end of the piston chamber (52), a screw nut (543) rotatably arranged on the fixed plate (541), a screw (542) connected to the screw nut (543), and a drive motor (544) for driving the screw nut to rotate, the end of the screw (542) is connected to the piston (53), and the screw (542) and the piston chamber (52) are coaxially arranged; The detection unit (57) includes a connecting plate (571) disposed between the piston (53) and the fixing plate (541) and fixedly connected to the screw rod (542); a plurality of guide holes (5710) are disposed on the connecting plate (571) around the screw rod; a guide rod (572) is provided in the guide hole; the piston (53) is connected to an end of the guide rod (572); a limiting plate (573) is provided at the other end of the guide rod (572); a first elastic member (574) is disposed between the connecting plate (571) and the piston; and a detection sensor (575) for detecting whether the limiting plate leaves the connecting plate is further disposed on the connecting plate (571); An adjustment plate (576) is provided between the connecting plate (571) and the limiting plate (573), a linear actuator (577) is provided between the adjustment plate (576) and the connecting plate, and the detection sensor (575) is provided on the adjustment plate (576).

2. The precise control artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant pressure liquid supply device (5) further comprises a supply water pump (56) connected to the water inlet of the supply water tank, the linear adjustment component (54), and the piston (53) is further provided with a detection unit (57) for detecting the water pressure in the water tank (51). The supply water pump (51) is connected to the detection unit and is used to adjust the power of the water pump (51) according to the detection value of the detection unit.

3. The precise control artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection sensor (575) is a photoelectric sensor.

4. The precise control artificial rainfall simulation system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The water pressure detection device (55) comprises an elastic flow channel (550), a rigid shell (551) surrounding the elastic flow channel (550), and a columnar channel (552) communicating with the rigid shell. A sliding block (553) is slidably arranged in the columnar channel. The sliding block (553) is in sliding and sealing engagement with the inner side wall of the columnar channel. A displacement sensor (554) for detecting the displacement of the sliding block (553) is provided on the columnar channel.

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