A quenching device for heat treatment production of mechanical parts

Abstract

The present invention discloses a quenching device for heat treatment production of mechanical fittings, which relates to the technical field of quenching devices and includes a quenching tank, a liquid injection mechanism, a liquid return mechanism, an air suction mechanism and a cover body mechanism. On both sides inside the quenching tank, partitions with a height lower than that of the quenching tank are symmetrically arranged. A pair of the partitions divide the interior of the quenching tank into a placement cavity and a pair of overflow cavities. A first filter plate and a second filter plate are respectively assembled at the bottoms of the placement cavity and the overflow cavities; a liquid injection mechanism, which includes a housing, a temperature control component and a liquid injection component; a liquid return mechanism, which includes a pair of overflow pipes, a liquid return pipe and a liquid return component. In the quenching process of the present invention, the operation is not only convenient, that is, only need to put the mechanical fittings into the placement cavity and start the electric telescopic rod to complete one telescopic movement, but also ensure that the mechanical fittings are quenched within a suitable temperature range, and at the same time, the safety of the quenching process is also taken into account.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of quenching devices, and particularly to a quenching device for heat treatment production of mechanical parts. Background Art

[0002] Quenching is a heat treatment process method in which steel is heated above the critical temperature, held for a certain time, and then cooled at a rate greater than the critical cooling rate to obtain an unbalanced structure mainly composed of martensite. Commonly used quenching media include brine, water, mineral oil, air, etc. Quenching can improve the hardness and wear resistance of metal workpieces, so it is widely used in various tools, dies, measuring tools and parts requiring surface wear resistance. By combining quenching with tempering at different temperatures, the strength, toughness and fatigue strength of metals can be greatly improved, and the combination of these properties (comprehensive mechanical properties) can be obtained to meet different usage requirements.

[0003] The following problems exist in the prior art:

[0004] 1. During the existing heat treatment quenching process, mineral oil is usually selected as the quenching medium. When the hot mechanical parts are immersed in the quenching oil, a large amount of oil fume and volatile organic gases will be generated. These oil fumes have a strong pungent smell and contain a large amount of carcinogens such as benzo[a]pyrene, which endanger the health of workers and seriously affect the workshop environment. At the same time, when the hot mechanical parts are immersed in the quenching oil, it will cause the quenching oil to have potential safety hazards.

[0005] 2. When the hot mechanical parts are immersed in the quenching oil, since the quenching oil is in a prohibited state, the temperature of the quenching oil around the mechanical parts will rise, affecting the quenching effect of the mechanical parts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a quenching device for heat treatment production of mechanical parts to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0007] To achieve the above invention purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A quenching device for heat treatment production of mechanical parts provided by the present invention includes:

[0009] A quenching tank, on both sides inside the quenching tank, partition plates with a height lower than that of the quenching tank are symmetrically arranged. A pair of the partition plates divide the interior of the quenching tank into a placement cavity and a pair of overflow cavities. The bottom parts of the placement cavity and the overflow cavities are respectively equipped with a first filter plate and a second filter plate;

[0010] Liquid injection mechanism, the liquid injection mechanism includes a housing, a temperature control component and a liquid injection component. A liquid return cavity filled with quenching oil and a temperature control cavity are respectively formed inside the housing. The temperature control component is assembled in the temperature control cavity, and the liquid injection component is used to introduce the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity to the bottom of the placement cavity;

[0011] Liquid return mechanism, the liquid return mechanism includes a pair of overflow pipes, a liquid return pipe and a liquid return component. The height of the housing is lower than that of the quenching tank. One ends of the pair of overflow pipes are respectively communicated with the bottoms of a pair of overflow cavities, and the other ends of the pair of overflow pipes are both communicated with the inside of the liquid return cavity. One end of the liquid return pipe is communicated with the bottom of the placement cavity, and the other end of the liquid return pipe is communicated with the liquid return cavity. A valve is arranged on the liquid return pipe, and the liquid return component is used to introduce the quenching oil inside the liquid return cavity into the temperature control cavity after quenching;

[0012] Air suction mechanism, the air suction mechanism is used to suck out the air at the inner top end of the quenching tank during quenching;

[0013] Cover plate mechanism, the cover plate mechanism is used to block the open mouth of the quenching tank during quenching.

[0014] Further, the housing includes an outer liquid storage tank and an inner liquid storage tank. The height of the top surface of the inner liquid storage tank is lower than that of the top surface of the outer liquid storage tank, and the inner liquid storage tank is fixed at the central position of the inner bottom end of the outer liquid storage tank. A temperature control cavity is formed inside the inner liquid storage tank, and an annular liquid return cavity is formed between the inner liquid storage tank and the outer liquid storage tank;

[0015] A sealing plate with a through hole in the center is detachably arranged at the top of the outer liquid storage tank, and the quenching tank is arranged at the through hole;

[0016] The liquid injection component includes:

[0017] A first piston, which is arranged in the temperature control cavity and can slide vertically inside the temperature control box;

[0018] A liquid injection pipe, which is vertically arranged at the central position of the top of the first piston. The top end of the liquid injection pipe penetrates through the top wall of the inner liquid storage tank and is connected to the bottom wall of the quenching tank. Through holes communicating with both ends of the liquid injection pipe are provided on the first piston and the bottom wall of the quenching tank; and

[0019] Electric telescopic rods symmetrically arranged on both sides of the liquid injection pipe, and both ends of the electric telescopic rods are fixed to the bottom wall of the quenching tank and the top wall of the inner storage tank respectively.

[0020] Further, the liquid outlet ends of the overflow pipe and the liquid return pipe both extend to a position directly above the liquid return cavity; the liquid return component includes a first one-way valve assembled on the liquid injection pipe, recovery pipes uniformly arranged at the outer bottom of the inner liquid storage tank, and a second one-way valve assembled on the recovery pipes.

[0021] Furthermore, the valve includes a valve body portion installed at the liquid outlet end of the return liquid pipe and a contact plate installed at the external liquid storage tank; the interior of the valve body portion has a blocking cavity, and the valve body portion on one side of the blocking cavity is provided with a horizontal liquid inlet and a vertical liquid outlet connected to the liquid outlet end of the return liquid pipe, the liquid outlet is connected to the liquid outlet pipe, a movable rod is penetrated through the side of the valve body portion away from the liquid inlet, a blocking ball is provided at the end of the movable rod close to the liquid inlet, and a return spring is provided between the blocking ball and the side of the blocking ball away from the liquid inlet and the blocking cavity, a roller is provided at the other end of the movable rod, and a slide for the roller to roll is provided on the side of the contact plate close to the roller, the slide includes a first vertical portion, a ramp and a second vertical portion from top to bottom, and the second vertical portion is located on the side of the first vertical portion close to the internal liquid storage tank.

[0022] Furthermore, the air intake mechanism includes suction cylinders symmetrically arranged on both sides of the quenching box, a pair of the suction cylinders are fixed to the bottom of the sealing plate, and an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are respectively arranged on the top of the suction cylinders, and the ends of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe away from the suction cylinders pass through the side wall of the external liquid storage box, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively equipped with a third one-way valve and a fourth one-way valve, and the end of the air inlet pipe away from the suction cylinder is connected to a hose, and the end of the hose away from the inlet pipe extends to the top of the quenching box for communication, and the end of the outlet pipe away from the suction cylinder is connected to the external pipe and is connected to the flue gas treatment equipment.

[0023] Furthermore, the cover plate mechanism includes hinged seats symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the quenching box and a cover plate hinged inside the hinged seats, fixed shafts are fixed on both sides of one end of the cover plate, and the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the side plate of the hinged seat, and a torsion spring is installed on the fixed shaft, and the cover plate is divided into a blocking part and a resistance part for blocking the opening of the quenching box by the plane passing through the fixed shaft as the dividing interface; the cover plate mechanism also includes a fixed plate horizontally arranged on one side of the hinged seat, and the fixed plate is fixed to the top of the sealing plate through a connecting piece, and when the cover plate is in a vertical shape, the fixed plate and the fixed shaft are on the same horizontal plane and are in resistance to one side of the cover plate; and the thickness of the fixed plate is equal to the diameter of the fixed shaft.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. In the present invention, when the operator places the mechanical parts into the storage cavity, there is no quenching oil in the storage cavity, so that the quenching oil can be avoided from splashing when the mechanical parts are placed in the storage cavity, thereby improving the safety of production.

[0026] 2. The present invention is in a continuous flow circulation state. During the filtration through the first filter plate and the second filter plate, it can avoid a large amount of waste chips being mixed into the quenching oil during the long-term quenching process of the quenching oil, thereby affecting the quenching effect.

[0027] 3. The liquid injection assembly of the present invention can continuously introduce the quenching oil in the temperature control chamber into the bottom of the storage chamber, so that the quenching oil in the storage chamber is in a flowing state, and then the mechanical parts can continuously contact the "new" quenching oil, ensuring that the quenching oil in contact with the mechanical parts is in a suitable temperature range, thereby improving the quenching effect.

[0028] 4. The present invention discharges the quenching oil in the storage chamber after quenching is completed. On the one hand, it is convenient to take out the mechanical parts of the storage chamber. On the other hand, the mechanical parts can complete the oil drainage process in the storage chamber, avoiding carrying out a large amount of quenching oil after taking out the mechanical parts, which causes waste.

[0029] 5. The air suction mechanism of the present invention can continuously suck out the air inside the storage chamber during the quenching process. On the one hand, the sucked-out air can take away part of the heat inside the storage chamber. On the other hand, the oxygen inside the storage chamber is reduced, and the possibility of quenching oil being heated and ignited is reduced, thereby improving production safety. At the same time, it can also avoid the generation of a large amount of oil smoke and volatile organic gases during quenching, which pollute the working environment.

[0030] 6. During quenching, the present invention will automatically flip and cover the open opening of the quenching box, so that the storage chamber is in a relatively closed state, avoiding the generation of a large amount of oil smoke and volatile organic gases during quenching to pollute the working environment.

[0031] In summary, in the present invention, the entire quenching process is not only easy to operate (only need to put the mechanical parts into the storage cavity and start the electric telescopic rod to complete one extension), but also ensures that the mechanical parts are in a suitable temperature range for quenching, while also taking into account the safety of the quenching process.

[0032] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0034] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structural side section of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local structure at A;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the valve of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first state of the quenching process of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second state of the quenching process of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the third state of the quenching process of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the states after the quenching of the present invention is completed.

[0042] In the figure:

[0043] 100, quenching box; 110, partition board; 120, storage cavity; 130, overflow cavity; 140, first filter plate; 150, second filter plate;

[0044] 200, liquid injection mechanism; 210, housing; 211, liquid return cavity; 212, temperature control cavity; 213, external liquid storage tank; 214, internal liquid storage tank; 215, sealing plate; 216, through hole; 220, liquid injection assembly; 221, first piston; 222, liquid injection pipe; 223, through hole; 224, electric telescopic rod;

[0045] 300, liquid return mechanism; 310, overflow pipe; 320, liquid return pipe; 330, liquid return assembly; 331, first one-way valve; 332, recovery pipe; 333, second one-way valve; 340, valve; 341, valve body part; 342, contact plate; 343, blocking cavity; 344, liquid inlet; 345, liquid outlet; 346, liquid outlet pipe; 347, movable rod; 348, blocking ball; 349, return spring; 3410, roller; 3411, slideway; 3411a, first vertical part; 3411b, ramp; 3411c, second vertical part;

[0046] 400, air suction mechanism; 410, air suction cylinder; 420, air inlet pipe; 430, air outlet pipe; 440, third one-way valve; 450, fourth one-way valve; 460, hose; 470, second piston; 480, connecting rod;

[0047] 500, cover mechanism; 510, hinge seat; 520, cover plate; 521, blocking part; 522, contact part; 530, fixed shaft; 540, fixed plate; 550, connecting piece. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of this application.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 1-8 , the present invention provides a quenching device for heat treatment production of mechanical parts, including a quenching tank 100, a liquid injection mechanism 200, a liquid return mechanism 300, a suction mechanism 400, and a cover plate mechanism 500.

[0050] On both sides inside the quenching tank 100, partition plates 110 with a height lower than that of the quenching tank 100 are symmetrically arranged. A pair of the partition plates 110 divide the interior of the quenching tank 100 into a placement cavity 120 and a pair of overflow cavities 130. The bottoms of the placement cavity 120 and the overflow cavities 130 are respectively equipped with a first filter plate 140 and a second filter plate 150. With the above design, the placement cavity 120 is used to place mechanical parts to be quenched, the overflow cavities 130 are used to receive the quenching oil overflowing from the placement cavity 120, and the first filter assembly and the second filter assembly can filter the quenching oil after contacting the mechanical parts; among them, when the operator puts the mechanical parts into the placement cavity 120, there is no quenching oil in the placement cavity 120. In this way, it is possible to avoid the splashing of quenching oil when the mechanical parts are put into the placement cavity 120, improving the safety of production. The filtration of the first filter plate 140 and the second filter plate 150 can prevent a large amount of waste chips from being doped in the quenching oil during the long-term quenching process of the quenching oil, affecting the quenching effect.

[0051] The liquid injection mechanism 200 includes a housing 210, a temperature control component (not shown), and a liquid injection component 220. Inside the housing 210, a liquid return cavity 211 and a temperature control cavity 212 are respectively formed. The temperature control component is assembled in the temperature control cavity 212. The liquid injection component 220 is used to introduce the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212 to the bottom of the placement cavity 120. With the above design, the temperature control component can control the temperature of the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212 (the temperature control component is a temperature control component of the prior art. For example, the temperature control component includes a temperature sensor, a heating pipe, and a cooling pipe. Among them, the temperature sensor can detect the oil temperature of the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212 in real time. When the temperature is too high, the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212 is cooled by injecting coolant into the cooling pipe. When the temperature is too low, the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212 is heated by the heating pipe), so that when the quenching oil enters the placement cavity 120 and contacts the mechanical parts, it is at a suitable temperature, thereby improving the quenching effect. And the liquid injection component 220 can continuously introduce the quenching oil in the temperature control cavity 212 to the bottom of the placement cavity 120, so that the quenching oil in the placement cavity 120 is in a flowing state, and then the mechanical parts can continuously contact with "fresh" quenching oil, ensuring that the quenching oil in contact with the mechanical parts is in a suitable temperature range and further improving the quenching effect.

[0052] The liquid return mechanism 300 includes a pair of overflow pipes 310, a liquid return pipe 320, and a liquid return component 330. The height of the housing 210 is lower than the height of the quenching tank 100. One ends of the pair of overflow pipes 310 are respectively communicated with the bottom of a pair of overflow cavities 130, and the other ends of the pair of overflow pipes 310 are both communicated with the inside of the liquid return cavity 211. One end of the liquid return pipe 320 is communicated with the bottom of the placement cavity 120, and the other end of the liquid return pipe 320 is communicated with the liquid return cavity 211. A valve 340 is provided on the liquid return pipe 320. The liquid return component 330 can introduce the quenching oil inside the liquid return cavity 211 into the temperature control cavity 212. With the above design, the overflow pipes 310 enable the quenching oil inside the overflow cavities 130 to flow back to the inside of the liquid return cavity 211. And the liquid return pipe 320 can, after quenching is completed, open the liquid return pipe 320 through the valve 340, and the quenching oil in the placement cavity 120 can also flow back to the liquid return cavity 211 along the liquid return pipe 320. And the liquid return component 330 can introduce the quenching oil inside the liquid return cavity 211 into the temperature control cavity 212 after quenching is completed, facilitating the next quenching treatment. It should be noted that the discharge of the quenching oil in the placement cavity 120 after quenching is completed is convenient for taking out the mechanical parts in the placement cavity 120 on the one hand, and on the other hand, the mechanical parts can complete the oil draining process in the placement cavity 120, avoiding carrying out a large amount of quenching oil after taking out the mechanical parts and causing waste.

[0053] The suction mechanism is used to suck out the air at the inner top of the quenching tank 100. With the above design, during the quenching process, the suction mechanism 400 can continuously suck out the air inside the upper part of the placement cavity 120. On the one hand, the suction of air can take away part of the heat inside the placement cavity 120. On the other hand, it reduces the oxygen inside the placement cavity 120, lowering the possibility of the quenching oil catching fire due to heat and improving the safety of production.

[0054] The cover plate mechanism 500 is used to block the open mouth of the quenching tank 100 during quenching. With the above design, after the mechanical parts are placed in the placement cavity 120, the cover plate mechanism 500 can block the open mouth of the quenching tank 100, making the placement cavity 120 in a relatively sealed state. On the one hand, it isolates the entry of air, reduces the probability of the quenching oil catching fire, and improves the safety of production. On the other hand, it avoids the splashing of the quenching oil during the quenching process.

[0055] In this embodiment, the housing 210 includes an outer liquid storage tank 213 and an inner liquid storage tank 214. The height of the top surface of the inner liquid storage tank 214 is lower than that of the top surface of the outer liquid storage tank 213, and the inner liquid storage tank 214 is fixed at the central position of the inner bottom end of the outer liquid storage tank 213. A temperature control cavity 212 is formed inside the inner liquid storage tank 214, and an annular liquid return cavity 211 is formed between the inner liquid storage tank 214 and the outer liquid storage tank 213. A sealing plate 215 with a through hole 216 at the center is detachably installed at the top of the outer liquid storage tank 213, and the quenching tank 100 is arranged at the through hole 216. The liquid injection assembly 220 includes: a first piston 221, which is arranged inside the temperature control cavity 212 and can slide vertically inside the temperature control cavity 212; a liquid injection pipe 222, which is vertically arranged at the central position of the top of the first piston 221. The top end of the liquid injection pipe 222 penetrates the top wall of the inner liquid storage tank 214 and is connected to the bottom wall of the quenching tank 100. Through holes 223 communicating with both ends of the liquid injection pipe 222 are provided on both the first piston 221 and the bottom wall of the quenching tank 100; and electric telescopic rods 224 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the liquid injection pipe 222, with both ends of the electric telescopic rods 224 fixed to the bottom wall of the quenching tank 100 and the top wall of the inner liquid storage tank 214 respectively. With the above design, when the operator places the mechanical parts in the placement cavity 120, the electric telescopic rods 224 drive the quenching tank 100 to move downward. When the quenching tank 100 moves downward, the first piston 221 can be driven to move downward through the liquid injection pipe 222, so that the first piston 221 squeezes the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212, and then the quenching oil automatically enters the placement cavity 120 through the liquid injection pipe 222 to quench the placed mechanical parts.

[0056] In this embodiment, the liquid outlet ends of the overflow pipe 310 and the liquid return pipe 320 both extend to a position directly above the liquid return cavity 211; the liquid return assembly 330 includes a first one-way valve 331 assembled on the liquid injection pipe 222, a recovery pipe 332 uniformly arranged at the outer bottom of the inner liquid storage tank 214, and a second one-way valve 333 assembled on the recovery pipe 332. With the above design, when the quenching tank 100 moves downward, the first piston 221 squeezes the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212 to generate positive pressure, causing the first one-way valve 331 to be in an open state and the second one-way valve 333 to be in a closed state. At this time, during the downward movement of the quenching tank 100, the "quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212 can be pressed into the object placement cavity 120" mentioned above can be carried out. After the quenching tank 100 moves to the lowest end and then the electric telescopic rod 224 drives the quenching tank 100 to move upward, at this time, the first piston 221 causes a negative pressure to be formed inside the temperature control cavity 212, the first one-way valve 331 is in a closed state, and the second one-way valve 333 is in an open state. The quenching oil inside the liquid return cavity 211 returns to the temperature control cavity 212 through the recovery pipe 332.

[0057] In this embodiment, the valve 340 includes a valve body portion 341 installed at the liquid outlet end of the liquid return pipe 320 and a contact plate 342 installed on the inner wall of the outer liquid storage tank 213; the inside of the valve body portion 341 has a plugging cavity 343, the plugging cavity 343 is provided with a horizontal liquid inlet 344 communicating with the liquid outlet end of the liquid return pipe 320 and a vertical liquid outlet 345, the liquid outlet 345 is connected with a liquid outlet pipe 346, a movable rod 347 is penetrated through the side of the valve body portion 341 away from the liquid inlet 344, a plugging ball 348 is arranged at one end of the movable rod 347 close to the liquid inlet 344, and a return spring 349 is arranged between the plugging ball 348 and the side of the plugging away from the liquid inlet 344 and the plugging cavity 343, the other end of the movable rod 347 is provided with a roller 3410, a slideway 3411 for the roller 3410 to roll is arranged on the side of the contact plate 342 close to the roller 3410, the slideway 3411 includes a first vertical portion 3411a, a ramp 3411b and a second vertical portion 3411c from top to bottom, and the second vertical portion 3411c is located on the side of the first vertical portion 3411a close to the inner liquid storage tank 214. With the above design, when the quenching tank 100 is at the highest position, at this time, the roller 3410 of the movable rod 347 abuts against the first vertical portion 3411a of the slideway 3411, the return spring 349 is in a normal state, the plugging ball 348 does not plug the liquid inlet 344, the quenching oil in the storage cavity 120 can enter the plugging cavity 343 through the liquid return pipe 320, and then flows back to the liquid return cavity 211 through the liquid outlet pipe 346. When the quenching tank 100 moves downward, the valve body portion 341 moves downward together, and the roller 3410 of the movable rod 347 slides to the second vertical portion 3411c through the ramp 3411b. At this time, the movable rod 347 will drive the plugging ball 348 to move towards the liquid outlet 345 to plug the liquid outlet 345. In this way, after the quenching oil enters the storage cavity 120, it can immerse the mechanical parts to complete the quenching work of the mechanical parts.

[0058] In this embodiment, the air suction mechanism 400 includes air suction cylinders 410 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the quenching tank 100. A pair of the air suction cylinders 410 are fixed to the bottom of the sealing plate 215. An air inlet pipe 420 and an air outlet pipe 430 are respectively arranged at the top of the air suction cylinder 410. One ends of the air inlet pipe 420 and the air outlet pipe 430 far away from the air suction cylinder 410 penetrate through the side wall of the external liquid storage tank 213, and a third one-way valve 440 and a fourth one-way valve 450 are respectively assembled on the air inlet pipe 420 and the air outlet pipe 430. One end of the air inlet pipe 420 far away from the air suction cylinder 410 is connected with a hose 460, and one end of the hose 460 far away from the air inlet pipe 420 extends to communicate with the top of the quenching tank 100. A second piston 470 is slidably arranged inside the air suction cylinder 410. A connecting rod 480 is vertically arranged at the top of the second piston 470, and the top end of the connecting rod 480 penetrates through the sealing plate 215 and is fixedly connected with the top of the quenching tank 100. One end of the air outlet pipe 430 far away from the air suction cylinder 410 is externally connected with a pipeline and connected to a flue gas treatment device. With the above design, when the quenching tank 100 moves downward, the second piston 470 can be made to move downward through the connecting rod 480, thereby causing a negative pressure to be generated inside the air suction cylinder 410. At this time, the third one-way valve 440 is in an open state, and the fourth one-way valve 450 is in a closed state. The air at the top of the quenching tank 100 can be continuously sucked into the air suction cylinder 410 through the air inlet pipe 420 and the hose 460. When the quenching work is completed and the quenching tank 100 moves upward, the second piston 470 can be made to move upward through the connecting rod 480, thereby causing a positive pressure to be generated inside the air suction cylinder 410. At this time, the third one-way valve 440 is in a closed state, and the fourth one-way valve 450 is in an open state. The air inside the air suction cylinder 410 will enter the flue gas treatment device through the air outlet pipe 430 and the external pipeline for treatment, avoiding polluting the working environment due to a large amount of oil fume and volatile organic gases generated during quenching.

[0059] In this embodiment, the cover mechanism 500 includes an articulated seat 510 symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the quenching box 100 and a cover 520 hinged inside the articulated seat 510. A fixed shaft 530 is fixed on both sides of one end of the cover 520, and the fixed shaft 530 is rotatably connected to the side plate of the articulated seat 510. A torsion spring (not shown) is installed on the fixed shaft 530. The plane passing through the fixed shaft 530 is used as the interface, and the cover 520 is divided into a blocking portion by the interface. The quenching box 100 has an open sealing portion 521 and a resistance portion 522; the cover plate 520 mechanism also includes a fixed plate 540 horizontally arranged on one side of the hinge seat 510, and the fixed plate 540 is fixed to the top of the sealing plate 215 through a connecting piece 550. When the cover plate 520 is in a vertical shape, the fixed plate 540 and the fixed shaft 530 are on the same horizontal plane and are in resistance to one side of the cover plate 520; and the thickness of the fixed plate 540 is equal to the diameter of the fixed shaft 530. According to the above design, when the quenching box 100 is at the highest position, the pair of fixing plates 540 abut against the cover plate 520, so that when the pair of cover plates 520 are in a vertical position, the opening of the quenching box 100 is exposed, and the staff can put the mechanical accessories into the storage chamber 120. When the quenching box 100 moves downward, that is, when quenching is required, as the quenching box 100 continues to move downward, when the fixing axis 530 of the quenching box 100 is lower than the bottom surface of the fixing plate 540, under the action of the torsion spring (not shown), the pair of cover plates 520 will automatically flip and cover the opening of the quenching box 100, so that the storage chamber 120 is in a relatively closed state, so as to avoid a large amount of oil smoke and volatile organic gases generated during quenching to pollute the working environment.

[0060] Working principle: Before quenching, the quenching box 100 is at the highest position ( Figure 1 As shown), at this time, a pair of fixing plates 540 abut against the cover plate 520, so that when the pair of cover plates 520 are in a vertical shape, the opening of the quench box 100 is exposed, the roller 3410 of the movable rod 347 of the valve body 341 abuts against the first vertical portion 3411a of the slideway 3411 of the abutting plate 342, the return spring 349 is in a normal state, and the blocking ball 348 does not block the liquid inlet 344 (as shown in FIG. Figure 3 When quenching, the staff only needs to put the mechanical parts into the storage cavity 120 and start the electric telescopic rod 224, which drives the quenching box 100 to move slowly downward. During the downward movement of the quenching box 100, the following four detailed processes will occur simultaneously:

[0061] 1. When the quenching box 100 moves downward, the quenching box 100 can drive the valve body part 341 to move downward together through the liquid return pipe 320. As a result, the roller 3410 of the movable rod 347 slides onto the second vertical part 3411c through the ramp 3411b. At this time, the movable rod 347 drives the blocking ball 348 to move towards the liquid outlet 345 to block the liquid outlet 345, thus completing the blockage of the liquid return pipe 320.

[0062] 2. When the quenching box 100 moves downward, the quenching box 100 can drive the first piston 221 to move downward inside the temperature control cavity 212 through the liquid injection pipe 222 at the bottom, squeezing the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212. At this time, a positive pressure is generated inside the temperature control cavity 212, and this positive pressure can make the first one-way valve 331 on the liquid injection pipe 222 in an open state (the second one-way valve is in a closed state). Then, the quenching oil with a suitable temperature inside the temperature control cavity 212 enters the storage cavity 120 through the liquid injection pipe 222 to contact the mechanical parts for quenching work. And as the quenching box 100 continues to move downward, the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity 212 will continuously enter the storage box, making the quenching oil inside the storage cavity 120 in a flowing state. Then, the mechanical parts can continuously contact with "fresh" quenching oil, ensuring that the quenching oil in contact with the mechanical parts is in a suitable temperature range, improving the quenching effect. As the liquid level of the quenching oil in the storage cavity 120 continuously rises, when the liquid level reaches the top of the partition 110, the quenching oil can enter the overflow cavity 130 and flow to the liquid return cavity 211 through the overflow pipe 310 of the overflow cavity 130 for storage (refer to Figures 5-7 shown).

[0063] 3. When the quenching box 100 moves downward, the connecting rod 480 can make the second piston 470 move downward inside the air suction cylinder 410, making the inside of the air suction cylinder 410 generate a negative pressure. At this time, the third one-way valve 440 is in an open state (the fourth one-way valve 450 is in a closed state). Then, the air at the top of the quenching box 100 can be continuously sucked into the air suction cylinder 410 through the air inlet pipe 420 and the hose 460. On the one hand, the suction of the air can take away part of the heat inside the storage cavity 120. On the other hand, it reduces the oxygen inside the storage cavity 120, reducing the possibility of the quenching oil catching fire due to heat, reducing the probability of the quenching oil catching fire, and improving the safety of production.

[0064] 4. When the quenching box 100 moves downward, when the fixed shaft 530 of the quenching box 100 moves to a height lower than the bottom surface of the fixed plate 540, under the action of the torsion spring, a pair of cover plates 520 will automatically flip and cover the open part of the quenching box 100, making the storage cavity 120 in a relatively sealed state (as Figure 5 shown), avoiding polluting the working environment due to a large amount of oil fume and volatile organic gases generated during quenching.

[0065] It is particularly noted that the above four detailed processes are carried out simultaneously during the downward movement of the quenching box 100, that is, after the operator places the mechanical parts into the storage chamber 120 of the quenching box 100, it is only necessary to start the electric telescopic rod 224 to drive the quenching box 100 to move downward, so that the quenching oil can continuously enter the storage chamber 120 for quenching. At the same time, the cover mechanism 500 can automatically seal the opening of the quenching box 100, and the suction mechanism can continuously suck out the air inside the storage chamber 120, so as to avoid the generation of a large amount of oil smoke and volatile organic gases during quenching, which pollute the working environment.

[0066] As the quenching box 100 continues to move downward, when the quenching box 100 moves downward to the lowest point (such as Figure 8 As shown), the quenching work is completed, and the electric telescopic rod 224 drives the quenching box 100 to move upward. During the upward movement of the quenching box 100, the following four detailed processes will occur simultaneously:

[0067] 1. When the quench box 100 moves upward, when the quench box 100 moves upward to the highest point, that is, the initial position of the quench box 100, at this time, the roller 3410 of the movable rod 347 of the valve body 341 slides to the first vertical portion 3411a through the ramp 3411b, and under the action of the reset spring 349, the movable rod 347 drives the blocking ball 348 to move away from the liquid outlet 345, thereby releasing the blockage of the liquid outlet 345, and then the quenching oil in the storage chamber 120 enters the liquid return chamber 211 through the liquid return pipe 320, the blocking chamber 343 and the drain pipe, which is convenient for taking out the mechanical parts of the storage chamber 120, and can make the mechanical parts complete the oil draining process in the storage chamber 120, so as to avoid the waste of quenching oil caused by carrying out the quenching oil after taking out the mechanical parts;

[0068] Second, when the quench box 100 moves upward, the quench box 100 can drive the first piston 221 to move upward inside the temperature control chamber 212 through the injection pipe 222 at the bottom. At this time, negative pressure is generated in the temperature control chamber 212, and the negative pressure can make the second one-way valve 333 on the injection pipe 222 in an open state (the first one-way valve is in a closed state); the quenching oil in the return liquid chamber 211 can gradually enter the temperature control chamber 212 through the recovery pipe 332. When the quench box 100 moves up to the highest point, that is, the quench box 100 is located at the initial position, the quenching oil to be quenched next time is re-injected into the temperature control chamber 212;

[0069] 3. When the quenching box 100 moves upward, the connecting rod 480 can make the second piston 470 move upward in the suction tube 410, so that positive pressure is generated inside the suction tube 410. At this time, the fourth one-way valve 450 is in an open state (the third one-way valve 440 is closed), and then the air in the suction tube 410 can be discharged to the flue gas treatment equipment for treatment through the outlet pipe 430, so as to avoid a large amount of oil smoke and volatile organic gases generated during quenching, which pollute the working environment.

[0070] IV. When the quenching tank 100 moves upward, after the abutting portion 522 of the cover plate 520 contacts the fixing plate 540, the cover plate 520 can be turned over and opened as the quenching tank 100 moves upward. Until the quenching tank 100 moves to the highest position, at this time, the fixing plate 540 and the fixed shaft 530 are on the same horizontal plane and abut against one side of the cover plate 520, making the cover plate 520 vertical and opening the opening of the quenching tank 100.

[0071] Considering the entire movement process of the quenching tank 100, the entire quenching process is not only convenient to operate (only need to put the mechanical parts into the storage cavity 120 and start the electric telescopic rod 224 to complete one expansion and contraction), but also ensures that the mechanical parts are quenched in a suitable temperature range, and at the same time takes into account the safety of the quenching process.

[0072] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quenching device for heat treatment production of mechanical parts, characterized in that, Including: A quenching tank, on both sides inside the quenching tank, there are symmetrically arranged partitions with a height lower than that of the quenching tank. A pair of the partitions divide the interior of the quenching tank into an object placing cavity and a pair of overflow cavities. The bottoms of the object placing cavity and the overflow cavities are respectively equipped with a first filter plate and a second filter plate; A liquid injection mechanism, the liquid injection mechanism includes a housing, a temperature control component and a liquid injection component. Inside the housing, there are respectively formed a liquid return cavity filled with quenching oil and a temperature control cavity. The temperature control component is assembled in the temperature control cavity, and the liquid injection component is used to introduce the quenching oil inside the temperature control cavity to the bottom of the object placing cavity; A liquid return mechanism, the liquid return mechanism includes a pair of overflow pipes, a liquid return pipe and a liquid return component. The height of the housing is lower than that of the quenching tank. One ends of a pair of the overflow pipes are respectively communicated with the bottoms of a pair of overflow cavities, and the other ends of a pair of the overflow pipes are both communicated with the inside of the liquid return cavity. One end of the liquid return pipe is communicated with the bottom of the object placing cavity, and the other end of the liquid return pipe is communicated with the liquid return cavity. A valve is arranged on the liquid return pipe, and the liquid return component is used to introduce the quenching oil inside the liquid return cavity to the temperature control cavity after quenching is completed; An air suction mechanism, the air suction mechanism is used to suck out the air at the top inside the quenching tank during quenching; A cover plate mechanism, the cover plate mechanism is used to block the open mouth of the quenching tank during quenching; The housing includes an outer liquid storage tank and an inner liquid storage tank. The height of the top surface of the inner liquid storage tank is lower than that of the top surface of the outer liquid storage tank, and the inner liquid storage tank is fixed at the central position of the bottom end inside the outer liquid storage tank. The temperature control cavity is formed inside the inner liquid storage tank, and an annular liquid return cavity is formed between the inner liquid storage tank and the outer liquid storage tank; A sealing plate with a through hole in the center is detachably arranged on the top of the outer liquid storage tank, and the quenching tank is arranged at the through hole; The liquid injection component includes: A first piston, which is arranged in the temperature control cavity and can slide vertically along the inside of the temperature control box; A liquid injection pipe, which is vertically arranged at the central position on the top of the first piston. The top end of the liquid injection pipe penetrates through the top wall of the inner liquid storage tank and is connected with the bottom wall of the quenching tank. Through holes communicated with both ends of the liquid injection pipe are respectively arranged on the first piston and the bottom wall of the quenching tank; and Electric telescopic rods symmetrically arranged on both sides of the liquid injection pipe, and both ends of the electric telescopic rods are respectively fixed with the bottom wall of the quenching tank and the top wall of the inner storage tank; The liquid outlet ends of the overflow pipe and the liquid return pipe both extend to a position directly above the liquid return cavity; the liquid return component includes a first one-way valve assembled on the liquid injection pipe, recovery pipes uniformly arranged at the outer bottom of the inner liquid storage tank, and a second one-way valve assembled on the recovery pipes; The valve comprises a valve body portion installed at the liquid outlet end of the return liquid pipe and a contact plate installed at the external liquid storage tank; the interior of the valve body portion is provided with a blocking cavity, the valve body portion on one side of the blocking cavity is provided with a horizontal liquid inlet and a vertical liquid outlet connected with the liquid outlet end of the return liquid pipe, the liquid outlet is connected with the liquid outlet pipe, a movable rod is provided through the side of the valve body portion away from the liquid inlet, a blocking ball is provided at one end of the movable rod close to the liquid inlet, and a return spring is provided between the blocking ball and the side of the blocking away from the liquid inlet and the blocking cavity, a roller is provided at the other end of the movable rod, a slideway for the roller to roll is provided at the side of the contact plate close to the roller, the slideway comprises a first vertical portion, a ramp and a second vertical portion from top to bottom, and the second vertical portion is located at a side of the first vertical portion close to the internal liquid storage tank; The air intake mechanism comprises air suction cylinders symmetrically arranged on both sides of the quenching box, a pair of the air suction cylinders are fixed to the bottom of the sealing plate, an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe are respectively arranged on the top of the air suction cylinder, one end of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe away from the air suction cylinder penetrates the side wall of the external liquid storage box, and the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are respectively equipped with a third one-way valve and a fourth one-way valve, one end of the air inlet pipe away from the air suction cylinder is connected to a hose, and one end of the hose away from the air inlet pipe extends to the top of the quenching box for communication, and one end of the air outlet pipe away from the air suction cylinder is connected to an external pipe and is connected to a flue gas treatment device; The cover plate mechanism includes hinged seats symmetrically fixed on both sides of the top of the quenching box and a cover plate hinged inside the hinged seats, fixed shafts are fixed on both sides of one end of the cover plate, and the fixed shaft is rotatably connected to the side plates of the hinged seat, and a torsion spring is installed on the fixed shaft, and the cover plate is divided into a blocking part and a resistance part for blocking the opening of the quenching box by the plane passing through the fixed shaft as the dividing interface; the cover plate mechanism also includes a fixed plate horizontally arranged on one side of the hinged seat, and the fixed plate is fixed to the top of the sealing plate through a connecting piece, and when the cover plate is in a vertical shape, the fixed plate and the fixed shaft are on the same horizontal plane and are in resistance to one side of the cover plate; and the thickness of the fixed plate is equal to the diameter of the fixed shaft.

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