Interface light heat feng shui evaporation with three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric and preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention relates to a three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric for interfacial photothermal-wind-water evaporation, its preparation method, and applications. The invention uses carbon fiber and Tencel to prepare a three-dimensional warp-knitted fabric, which promotes seawater desalination efficiency through comprehensive capture of ambient light, heat, and wind. Performance is controlled by adjusting the fabric structure through weaving techniques. Compared to planar carbon fiber fabrics, the three-dimensional structure increases light absorption, evaporation area, and additional capture of ambient heat energy. Utilizing the fabric's wind tunnel structure, the evaporation process can be rapidly promoted under applied wind speeds. Evaporation absorbs heat, lowering the surface temperature, reducing heat loss, and increasing ambient energy capture. The separate photothermal layer and water supply layer design avoids the problem of salt blockage during seawater desalination. The three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric of this invention achieves a evaporation efficiency of 3.5 m·s. ‑1 The water evaporation rate at the wind speed reached 5.15 kg·m³. ‑2 ·h ‑1 It exhibits excellent durability and water-washing stability during seawater desalination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photothermal conversion materials technology, and in particular to three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabrics for interfacial photothermal-wind-water evaporation, their preparation methods, and applications. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid population growth and accelerated industrialization, water scarcity has become a major environmental concern. Global water resources are extremely unevenly distributed, with freshwater accounting for approximately 3% of global water resources, while seawater accounts for 97%. Currently, technologies such as reverse osmosis, membrane distillation, and electroosmosis are in industrial production, but they suffer from high energy consumption and costs, and the CO2 generated during use exacerbates the greenhouse effect. Interfacial photothermal conversion water evaporation is a technology that utilizes clean and free solar energy to generate heat for evaporating seawater and then condensing and collecting the treated potable water. By placing photothermal conversion materials at the gas-liquid interface, heat can be concentrated for water evaporation, resulting in high system energy conversion efficiency. This seawater desalination technology avoids the use of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas, which is of great significance for low-carbon development. Fiber materials have advantages such as diverse performance, low cost, good flexibility, and strong scalability, and are widely used in related fields. Since a large amount of salt accumulates during seawater desalination, improving the system's salt rejection durability and stability has become a key challenge.

[0003] Currently, traditional seawater desalination technologies, such as osmosis, electrodialysis, and membrane distillation, consume significant amounts of energy, have complex equipment, and are not portable. Their energy consumption ratios are approximately 3.6 kW·h·m³. -3 2.6 kWh·m -3 and 2.6 kWh·m -3 Interfacial solar thermal desalination technology converts clean and free solar energy into heat for seawater desalination and wastewater purification, eliminating the need for additional fossil fuels. However, related seawater desalination technologies still have the following problems: 1. Currently, the water evaporation rate of most interfacial solar thermal desalination systems is less than 2 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 1. Efficiency still needs further improvement. 2. The cost is relatively high and the preparation process is complex, making large-scale production not yet feasible. 3. Energy existing in the environment has high utilization value, but current common systems lack efficient capture of environmental energy to assist in improving the evaporation rate. 4. Current systems mainly focus on improving photothermal conversion efficiency, lacking additional efficient utilization of environmental energy to assist in improving evaporation efficiency. 5. In the seawater desalination process, salt blockage and accumulation are key factors affecting efficiency and durability.

[0004] Invention patent CN202210065319.7 discloses the preparation and application of a carbon material single-sided coated fabric for interfacial photothermal evaporation. This invention combines the advantages of carbon materials and fiber materials, and through optimized preparation process, obtains a carbon material single-sided coated fabric for interfacial photothermal evaporation with uniform loading, stable structural performance, and high cycle stability. The preparation process is simple, low-cost, and easy to scale up. However, the efficiency of the system prepared by this method is relatively low, and its performance needs further improvement.

[0005] Invention patent CN202110117419.5 discloses a photothermal evaporation carbon nanotube hydrogel, its preparation method, and its application. The invention is based on the three-dimensional porous structure of carbon nanotube aerogels. With the assistance of multiple hydrogel composites, nano-carbon is introduced to regulate the internal water molecule structure and morphology, thus preparing a carbon nanotube hydrogel capable of efficient photothermal interface water evaporation in high humidity environments. This hydrogel exhibits high light absorption capacity and a hierarchical porous structure, resulting in a high self-evaporation rate. However, the preparation process in this method is cumbersome, costly, requires high-precision equipment, and lacks feasibility for large-scale production.

[0006] Invention patent CN202210320710.7 discloses a photothermal evaporation desalination collector that mimics transpiration and its preparation method. By applying a photothermal coating to a metal thermally conductive layer and attaching hydrophilic fabric to the back of the metal thermally conductive layer with thermally conductive double-sided adhesive, a photothermal evaporation structure is created for large-scale seawater desalination and desalination collection. However, the preparation method in this case still has shortcomings in improving salt rejection, and its durability and stability need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric for interfacial photothermal-wind-water evaporation. This invention uses carbon fiber and Tencel as substrates to prepare a three-dimensional warp fabric, which improves seawater desalination efficiency through integrated capture of ambient light, heat, and wind. Carbon fiber is used for photothermal conversion, and Tencel is used for water supply. The fabric's structure is modified by adjusting the weaving process to control its performance. Compared to planar carbon fiber fabrics, the three-dimensional structure increases light absorption, evaporation area, and additional capture of ambient heat energy. Utilizing the fabric's wind tunnel structure, the evaporation process can be rapidly promoted under applied wind speeds. Evaporation absorbs heat, reducing surface temperature, minimizing heat loss, and increasing ambient energy capture. The separate photothermal layer and water supply layer design avoids the problem of salt blockage during seawater desalination. The system operates at 3.5 m·s -1 The water evaporation rate at the wind speed reached 5.15 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 It also exhibits excellent durability and water-washing stability during seawater desalination.

[0008] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0009] The first objective of this invention is to provide a three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric for interfacial photothermal and water evaporation, comprising a photothermal layer, a water supply layer, and air channel pores; the air channel pores are located between the photothermal layer and the water supply layer; the photothermal layer and the water supply layer are connected by vertical water supply layer fibers.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fiber of the photothermal layer is selected from one or more of carbon fiber, graphene fiber and activated carbon fiber.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fibers of the water supply layer are selected from one or more of Tencel, cotton fibers, cellulose acetate fibers and wool fibers.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the air duct pores is 2mm-10mm.

[0013] The second objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric for interfacial photothermal air-water evaporation, comprising the following steps: using pretreated photothermal layer fibers, pretreated water supply layer fibers, and a three-dimensional core as twists, weaving using a three-dimensional warp knitting method; after weaving, extracting the three-dimensional core to form air channel pores, thereby obtaining the three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric for interfacial photothermal air-water evaporation.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the pretreated photothermal layer fiber and the pretreated water supply layer fiber are prepared by the following method: the photothermal layer fiber is ultrasonically stirred in alcohol at 40℃-60℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain the pretreated photothermal layer fiber; the water supply layer fiber is ultrasonically stirred in alcohol at 40℃-60℃ for 1-2 hours to obtain the pretreated water supply layer fiber.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional core column is selected from one or more of rubber strips, plastic rods and polystyrene foam.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the three-dimensional core column is 2mm-10mm.

[0017] The third objective of this invention is to provide the application of the three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric for interfacial photothermal-wind-water evaporation in seawater desalination.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric is used when the airflow velocity is not less than 0.5 m·s. -1 It is carried out under the following conditions.

[0019] The fourth objective of this invention is to provide the application of the three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric for interfacial photothermal air-water evaporation in wastewater treatment.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0021] The three-dimensional porous spacer fabric woven from carbon fiber and Tencel described in this invention can be used for integrated harvesting of multiple energy sources including light, heat, and wind. Carbon fiber serves as the photothermal layer, generating heat for evaporation, while Tencel serves as the water storage layer and water supply layer for water transport. The porous structure allows airflow to significantly enhance evaporation. Evaporation absorbs heat, lowering the fabric surface temperature. Through the combined effect of the thermal gradient of the three-dimensional structure, the spacer fabric captures a large amount of additional heat from the environment using the temperature difference, which is then used for cold evaporation on the Tencel surface. Environmental energy, including solar radiation, airflow, and ambient heat, can be effectively utilized by the three-dimensional porous spacer fabric for seawater desalination and wastewater purification. Most common impurity ions and dye pollutants can be removed during seawater desalination. Due to the separate design of the photothermal layer and water supply layer, and the rapid water circulation, salt particles are difficult to nucleate on the evaporation surface, ensuring durability and stability during seawater desalination. Under one solar intensity, the spacer fabric can achieve a strength of 1.82 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 High evaporation rate. At 3.5 m·s -1 The water evaporation rate under the influence of convective air reached 5.15 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 Furthermore, the desalination performance remains stable even after long-term circulation in high-concentration brine. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein...

[0023] Figure 1 This is a pattern diagram for the preparation of a three-dimensional warp-knitted fabric in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; where 1-40 are reed numbers;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a graph showing the solar light absorption performance of carbon fiber and Tencel in Test Example 1 of this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a wettability test diagram of carbon fiber and Tencel in Test Example 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a physical image of the fabrication process of the three-dimensional warp-knitted fabric in Test Example 3 of this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the evaporation rates of CT5, plain weave fabric and pure water under different light and wind speed conditions in Test Example 4 of this invention.

[0028] Figure 6This refers to the average evaporation rate of CT2, CT5, and CT10 under irradiation with one solar intensity in Test Example 4 of this invention.

[0029] Figure 7 This refers to the temperatures of the top and side surfaces of the CT5 fabric in Test Example 5 of this invention under one day of sunlight and different wind speeds; wherein... Figure 7 -A represents the temperature of the top surface of the CT5 fabric under one sun exposure and different wind speed conditions; Figure 7 -B represents the temperature of the side surface of CT5 fabric under one sun exposure and different wind speed conditions;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a mechanism diagram of the vertical warp fabric subjected to integrated capture of ambient light, heat, and wind in Test Example 5 of this invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a comparison of the evaporation rates of CT5, plain weave fabric and CT5 in seawater of different concentrations under different wind speeds in Test Example 6 of this invention.

[0032] Figure 10 This refers to the cyclic evaporation rate of CT5 fabric in 3.5wt% seawater under one strong sunlight and no wind conditions, as described in Test Example 6 of this invention.

[0033] Figure 11 These are the ultraviolet-visible spectra of organic dye-contaminated water and pure water in Test Example 7 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] (1) First, carbon fiber and Tencel were ultrasonically stirred in anhydrous ethanol (Aladdin, 46.07) at 50°C for 1.5 hours to remove impurities and contaminants;

[0037] (2) The three-dimensional spacer fabric is woven using a three-dimensional warp knitting method. The pattern pattern of the fabric preparation is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The fabric width was set to 20 cm, and the reed length was set to 6 reeds / cm. After setting the warp tension, the plain weave was first treated until the warp tension was uniform. Carbon fiber, Tencel, and rubber strips were used as different twists. Carbon fiber was used as the photothermal layer, Tencel as the water supply layer, and 2 mm diameter filled rubber strips were used to adjust the porosity of the three-dimensional fabric. After preparation, the rubber strips were removed to form air channel pores. The 2 mm pore size spacer fabric was named CT2.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] (1) First, carbon fiber and Tencel were ultrasonically stirred in anhydrous ethanol (Aladdin, 46.07) at 50°C for 1.5 hours to remove impurities and contaminants;

[0040] (2) The three-dimensional spaced fabric is woven using a three-dimensional warp knitting method. The pattern diagram and process photos of the fabric preparation are as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The width is set to 20 cm, and the reed is set to 6 reeds / cm. After the warp tension is completed, the plain weave is first processed until the warp tension is uniform. Carbon fiber, Tencel, and rubber strips are used as different twists. Carbon fiber is used as the photothermal layer, Tencel is used as the water supply layer, and 5 mm diameter filled rubber strips are used to adjust the porosity of the three-dimensional fabric. After preparation, the rubber rods are removed to form air channel pores. The spacer fabric with a 5 mm pore size is named CT5.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] (1) First, carbon fiber and Tencel were ultrasonically stirred in anhydrous ethanol (Aladdin, 46.07) at 50°C for 1.5 hours to remove impurities and contaminants;

[0043] (2) The three-dimensional spaced fabric is woven using a three-dimensional warp knitting method. The pattern diagram and process photos of the fabric preparation are as follows: Figure 1 As shown. The width is set to 20 cm, and the reed is set to 6 reeds / cm. After the warp tension is completed, the plain weave is first processed until the warp tension is uniform. Carbon fiber, Tencel, and rubber strips are used as different twists. Carbon fiber is used as the photothermal layer, Tencel is used as the water supply layer, and 10 mm diameter filled rubber strips are used to adjust the porosity of the three-dimensional fabric. After preparation, the rubber rods are removed to form air channel pores. The spacer fabric with a 10 mm pore size is named CT10.

[0044] Comparative Example

[0045] Plain weave carbon fiber / Tencel fabric is produced by weaving plain weave carbon fiber as weft yarn through Tencel warp yarn to form a plain weave structure.

[0046] Test Example 1

[0047] In an interfacial photothermal evaporation system, carbon fiber is used for photothermal conversion, and Tencel is used for moisture supply. Both yarns are used as warp and weft yarns to prepare a carbon fiber / Tencel fabric using traditional weaving methods. On the fabric surface, the heat generated by photothermal conversion is used to evaporate the moisture supplied by Tencel, thus achieving water evaporation. Figure 2As shown, dry carbon fibers exhibit a high absorptivity of approximately 93% in the ultraviolet region, over 92% in the visible spectrum, and approximately 87% in the infrared region. The high solar absorptivity (87%) across the overall spectrum demonstrates its excellent photothermal conversion capability. Furthermore, wet carbon fibers exhibit an even stronger ability to absorb infrared solar radiation due to the strong infrared absorption capacity of the absorbed water. Water droplets on the carbon fiber surface cause multiple reflections of incident solar energy, further enhancing the solar energy absorption capacity. This stronger wet absorption capability ensures optimal photothermal performance during seawater desalination.

[0048] Test Example 2

[0049] Due to its strong capillary force, Tencel has excellent water absorption properties. For example... Figure 3 As shown, a water absorption test was used to compare the capillary effect of carbon fiber and Tencel. Water was rapidly absorbed and permeated by Tencel within seconds. However, carbon fiber required more than 3 seconds to be completely soaked. Furthermore, Tencel's water content was approximately nine times that of carbon fiber. In the water contact angle test, water droplets rapidly penetrated Tencel in an ultra-short time of less than 500 ms. The inherently low thermal conductivity of Tencel yarn minimizes heat loss during evaporation.

[0050] Test Example 3

[0051] like Figure 4 As shown, the three-dimensional spacer fabric is woven using a three-dimensional warp knitting method. The width is set to 20 cm, and the reed is set to 6 reeds / cm. After the warp tension is completed, the plain weave structure is first treated until the warp tension is uniform. Carbon fiber, Tencel, and rubber strips are used as different twists. For the three-dimensional spacer porous fabric, the upper layer of carbon fiber is used for photothermal conversion, the lower layer of Tencel is used for interface water storage, and the vertical Tencel is used for water supply. For the three-dimensional porous spacer fabric, different pore sizes mean that the number of vertical Tencels per unit area is different, which affects the water supply capacity of the fabric. Calculations show that the water content of CT2, CT5, and CT10 are 80±5 mg·cm³. -2 105±7 mg·cm -2 and 123±6 mg·cm -2 .

[0052] Test Example 4

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, under irradiation with 1 solar intensity, the average evaporation rates of CT2, CT5, and CT10 are calculated to be 1.52 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 1.82 kg·m -2 ·h -1 and 1.49 kg·m -2 ·h -1It can be concluded that, under the same heat generation, excessive water supply will result in significant heat loss, while insufficient water supply will waste a large amount of heat. The optimal evaporation rate can be achieved when energy supply and water input are balanced.

[0054] Test Example 5

[0055] Under dark experimental conditions, the effect of pore size on evaporation performance was detected using airflow at different wind velocities. The airflow was set to 0.5 m / s. -1 At that time, the average evaporation rates of plain weave fabrics, CT2, CT5, and CT10 were measured to be 0.49 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 0.55 kg·m -2 ·h -1 0.67 kg·m -2 ·h -1 and 0.47 kg·m -2 ·h -1 As airflow velocity increases, the evaporation performance of the fabric improves. However, at the same airflow velocity, the evaporation performance gradient remains consistent across different fabrics. CT5, with its optimal fabric pore design, exhibits the best photothermal conversion performance. At a convective airflow velocity of 0.5 m·m·s... -1 2.0 m·m·s -1 and 3.5 m·m·s -1 Under the conditions, the evaporation rate was 0.67 kg·m -2 ·h -1 1.26 kg·m -2 ·h -1 and 2.28 kg·m -2 ·h -1 (Dark experiment) and 2.6 kg·m -2 ·h -1 3.55 kg·m -2 ·h -1 and 5.15 kg·m -2 ·h -1 (1 solar intensity). Compared to the plain weave fabric in the comparison, the CT5 fabric at 0.5 m·s -1 2.0 m·s -1 and 3.5 m·s -1The enhancement rates under different airflow conditions were approximately 37%, 62%, and 101%, respectively. The evaporation rate increased more significantly with increasing airflow, indicating that a well-designed pore structure can maximize the utilization of strong airflow. Changes in airflow direction were also used to examine the effect of airflow on evaporation. Compared to lateral airflow, which only promotes surface evaporation of the photothermal layer, cross-flow significantly promotes and enhances the moisture supply and evaporation of the fully evaporative structure. Furthermore, regardless of environmental conditions, the evaporation rate of all fabrics was much higher than that of pure water, demonstrating the excellent water evaporation performance of fabric-based photothermal devices. In summary, the promoting effect of airflow on evaporation varies depending on the pore size. If the pore size is too small, the airflow through the pores is limited, resulting in a weak promoting effect on evaporation. If the pore size is too large, the contact area between the airflow and the surface of the evaporation device is too small, also resulting in a weak promoting effect on evaporation.

[0056] The surface temperature of the fabric was recorded using an infrared camera, and a temperature curve was plotted based on the change over time (e.g., ...). Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the surface temperature of the plain weave fabric and CT is inversely proportional to the airflow velocity. For the plain weave fabric, the initial wet surface temperature is approximately 28.4°C, and the average surface temperature rises to 32.5°C within 1 minute. After 30 minutes, the stable wet surface temperature reaches approximately 48.1°C. This is achieved when the airflow velocity is 0.5 m / s. -1 2.0 m·s -1 and 3.5 m·s -1 Initial temperatures were approximately 27.1℃, 26.2℃, and 25.8℃, respectively. After 30 minutes of illumination, stable humid-temperature radiation temperatures reached 37.4℃, 36.4℃, and 33.2℃, respectively. For CT1, CT2, and CT5, the initial and equilibrium temperatures of the top and sides decreased with increasing airflow velocity. For CT5, without solar radiation, the top surface temperatures were 26.8℃, 26.1℃, and 25.1℃, respectively; under one solar radiation, the airflow velocity was 0.5 m / s. -1 2.0 m·s -1 and 3.5 m·s -1The top surface temperatures were 36.4℃, 33.2℃, and 31.7℃, respectively. In darkness, the side surface temperature was slightly higher than the top surface temperature. This is because the larger top surface absorbs sufficient moisture and then rapidly evaporates, carrying away more heat and thus producing an evaporative cooling effect on the top surface. Under 1 solar radiation intensity, the side and bottom surfaces had lower temperatures because the carbon fiber generates a large amount of heat, and the low thermal conductivity of Tencel is not directly exposed to solar radiation. This is because the fabric on the sides and bottom contains more water, and water has a much higher specific heat capacity than air. After being heated, the air temperature around the fabric is higher than the temperature of the unirradiated areas. Therefore, the side and bottom areas of the fabric can obtain additional energy from the environment for cold evaporation, and the evaporative cooling effect is accelerated by the airflow. Under solar radiation, the top surface temperature of CT5 rose rapidly within minutes and remained stable at the equilibrium temperature after 20 minutes. At 0.5 m·s -1 2.0 m·s -1 and 3.5 m·s -1 Under the given airflow conditions, the energy CT5 gains from the environment is calculated to be 0.0343 W, 0.1499 W, and 0.2101 W. For plain weave fabrics, this is only true when the airflow velocity reaches 3.5 m / s. -1 Sufficient evaporative cooling is achieved only when the evaporator is cooled below ambient temperature, resulting in additional heat gain. It can be concluded that the surface temperature of CTs fabrics is lower during evaporation because evaporation consumes more energy and produces a larger evaporation rate compared to ordinary plain weave structures. The significant airflow directly leads to a stronger cooling effect. Furthermore, the lower surface temperature means a smaller temperature difference with the environment, thus reducing convection and conduction losses and improving thermal management capabilities. Figure 7 As shown, due to its rational structural design, the 3D porous spacer fabric can better utilize airflow and ambient heat to promote evaporation.

[0057] Test Example 6

[0058] Simulated seawater (3.5wt%, 5wt%, and 10wt% NaCl solutions) was used to further study seawater desalination capabilities. For the plain weave fabric, the water supply layer and the photothermal layer are closely connected. After long-term seawater desalination in high-concentration brine, salt precipitates from the brine and deposits on the evaporation surface, significantly impairing desalination efficiency. In contrast, the upper photothermal layer and lower water storage layer of the CT5 are connected by vertical Tencel yarns for water supply. This separated structural design alleviates the imbalance between salt horizontal flow and diffusion rates under high-speed desalination, avoiding rate attenuation caused by excessive salt deposition in the photothermal layer. Figure 8 As shown, the convective airflow is 0.5 m·s -1 2.0 m·s -1 and 3.5 m·s-1 Under these conditions, the evaporation rate of CT5 in 3.5 wt% brine remained at approximately 2.36 kg·m³. -2 ·h -1 3.2 kg·m -2 ·h -1 and 4.98 kg·m -2 ·h -1 (Illuminance of 1 sun). Even in high-concentration seawater (10 wt%), at 3.5 m·s -1 Under the influence of airflow, the evaporation rate of CT5 remained close to 90% of that in pure water. However, for ordinary fabrics, due to the barrier effect of salt, the evaporation rate only remained at around 70% at high concentrations. For CT5 in 3.5 wt% saline solution, the mass change exceeded 12 kg·m³ over 8 hours. -2 The stable slope of the mass change curve proves that salt particles do not clog the evaporation channels. After 15 cycles of operation, the desalination performance remained stable and outstanding due to the rapid water flow driven by airflow mitigating the nucleation rate of salt particles (e.g., Figure 9 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that under conditions of high airflow velocity and high salt concentration, the seawater desalination rate of vertical warp fabrics remains highly competitive.

[0059] Test Example 6

[0060] Outdoor testing was conducted over a nine-hour period between 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM. Solar angle, solar intensity, airflow speed, and ambient temperature vary significantly throughout the day. Consequently, the evaporation rates of both the plain weave fabric and CT5 varied depending on weather conditions. The daily water collection rates for both the plain weave fabric and CT5 were 3 L·m³. -2 and 7L·m -2 The purification performance of CT5 in seawater and organic dye-contaminated water was evaluated. Seawater samples were collected from the Yellow Sea, China. Results showed that the Ca in seawater... 2+ Mg 2+ Na + and K + The ion concentrations were 7241 mg·L⁻¹. -1 8107 mg·L -1 11580 mg·L -1 and 5182 mg·L -1 Significantly reduced to 11.37 mg·L -1 13.56 mg·L -1 88.96 mg·L -1 and 5.66 mg·L -1 It meets the WHO standards for salinity in desalinated drinking water. The UV-Vis spectra of water contaminated with organic dyes (green pigment, methylene blue, methyl orange, and rhodamine B) and purified water are as follows: Figure 11 As shown; by Figure 11 As can be seen, the light absorbance of all the purified water is negligible, indicating that the organic dyes have been effectively removed, and the purified water appears transparent. These results demonstrate the feasibility of three-dimensional spacer fabrics in efficient seawater desalination and wastewater treatment.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional tricot spacer fabric for interfacial photo-thermal wind water evaporation, characterized in that, The interface photothermal wind water evaporation three-dimensional warp spacer fabric comprises a photothermal layer, a water supply layer and a wind channel pore; the wind channel pore is located between the photothermal layer and the water supply layer; the photothermal layer and the water supply layer are connected through vertical water supply layer fibers; The diameter of the wind channel pore is 2 mm-10 mm; The preparation method of the interface photothermal wind water evaporation three-dimensional warp spacer fabric comprises the following steps: using pretreated photothermal layer fibers, pretreated water supply layer fibers and a three-dimensional core column as a twisting element, and adopting a three-dimensional warp knitting method to weave; after weaving, the three-dimensional core column is extracted to form a wind channel pore, and the interface photothermal wind water evaporation three-dimensional warp spacer fabric is obtained.

2. The three-dimensional warp-spaced fabric of claim 1, wherein, The fibers of the photothermal layer are selected from one or more of carbon fibers, graphene fibers and activated carbon fibers.

3. The three-dimensional warp-knitted spacer fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fibers of the water supply layer are selected from one or more of Tencel fibers, cotton fibers, acetate fibers and wool fibers.

4. The three-dimensional warp-spaced fabric of claim 1, wherein, The pretreated photothermal layer fibers and the pretreated water supply layer fibers are prepared by the following method: the fibers of the photothermal layer are ultrasonically stirred in alcohol at 40-60 DEG C for 1-2 hours to obtain the pretreated photothermal layer fibers; the fibers of the water supply layer are ultrasonically stirred in alcohol at 40-60 DEG C for 1-2 hours to obtain the pretreated water supply layer fibers.

5. The three-dimensional warp-spaced fabric of claim 1, wherein, The three-dimensional core column is selected from one or more of rubber strips, plastic rods and polystyrene foams.

6. The three-dimensional warp-spaced fabric of claim 1, wherein, The diameter of the three-dimensional core column is 2 mm-10 mm.

7. Application of the interface photothermal wind water evaporation three-dimensional warp spacer fabric of claim 1 in seawater desalination.

8. Application of the interface photothermal wind water evaporation three-dimensional warp spacer fabric of claim 1 in sewage treatment.

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