A trench excavation support method

Abstract

The application discloses a trench excavation supporting method, comprising the following steps: step S1, excavating a trench on site; step S2, preparing a supporting component, the supporting component comprising two groups of supporting plate assemblies and two supporting devices, the supporting device comprising a first supporting assembly and a second supporting assembly slidingly fitted along a first direction and a distance adjusting assembly arranged between the first supporting assembly and the second supporting assembly, the distance adjusting assembly being configured to adjust and fix the distance between the first supporting assembly and the second supporting assembly in the first direction, wherein one group of supporting plate assemblies is installed between the two first supporting assemblies, and the other group of supporting plate assemblies is installed between the two second supporting assemblies; and step S3, hoisting the supporting component into the trench and making the two supporting plate assemblies respectively adhere to two side walls of the trench by controlling the distance adjusting assembly. The application is simple in operation, can improve construction efficiency, can be applied to trenches with different widths and saves construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building construction, and in particular to a method for trench excavation and support. Background Technology

[0002] Vertical excavation is a common trench excavation method, which inevitably requires construction workers to go down into the trench to operate. When the trench excavation depth is large, it is easy for the trench wall to become unstable, leading to collapses and landslides, which to some extent affects the safety of construction operations.

[0003] To protect construction workers from trench wall landslides or collapses, safe and suitable trench support structures are required at the trench working face. Existing trench support structures mainly employ natural slope, soil nailing reinforcement, and straight trenches using channel steel or sheet piles, reinforced concrete piles, etc. These methods generally suffer from problems such as high cost, long construction time, easy soil collapse after pile extraction, and inability of the support structure to adapt to trenches of different widths. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a trench excavation and support method that can improve construction efficiency, is applicable to trenches of different widths, and is easy to use.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a trench excavation and support method includes the following steps: Step S1, excavating a trench on site, wherein the width direction of the trench is a first direction and the length direction of the trench is a second direction; Step S2, preparing support components, wherein the support components include two sets of support plate assemblies and two support devices, the two support devices being arranged along the second direction, each support device including a first support assembly and a second support assembly that slide in the first direction, and the support device further including a distance adjustment assembly disposed between the first support assembly and the second support assembly, the distance adjustment assembly being configured to adjust and fix the distance between the first support assembly and the second support assembly in the first direction, wherein one set of support plate assemblies is installed between the two first support assemblies, and the other set of support plate assemblies is installed between the two second support assemblies; Step S3, hoisting the support components into the trench, and manipulating the distance adjustment assembly to make the two support plate assemblies respectively adhere to the two sidewalls of the trench.

[0006] The invention offers at least the following advantages: During construction, the support components are simply hoisted into the excavated trench. The distance between the first and second support components is adjusted and fixed using the distance adjustment assembly, allowing the two sets of first support plate components to fit against the two sidewalls of the trench, thus providing support. This simple operation improves construction efficiency. Furthermore, by setting adjustable-spacing first and second support components, the support method of this invention can be applied to trenches of different widths, further improving construction efficiency. Moreover, it eliminates the need to design specialized support structures for different trench widths, thereby saving construction costs.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, both the first support assembly and the second support assembly have vertically extending grooves at their lower parts. The distance adjustment assembly includes: a first push rod, the upper end of which is hinged to the first support assembly; a second push rod, the middle part of which is hinged to the middle part of the first push rod, and the upper end of the second push rod is hinged to the second support assembly; two pins, both horizontally arranged and slidably installed in the grooves of the first support assembly and the second support assembly respectively, the lower end of the second push rod being hinged to the pin in the groove of the first support assembly, and the lower end of the first push rod being hinged to the pin in the groove of the second support assembly; and a screw and nut assembly, including a screw and a nut, the nut being fastened to the first support assembly, the screw being threadedly engaged with the nut and the lower end being connected to the pin in the groove of the first support assembly.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first support assembly includes an inner sliding sleeve arranged along the first direction and a vertically arranged first column, the first column being slidably disposed on the inner sliding sleeve along the vertical direction; the second support assembly includes an outer sliding sleeve arranged along the first direction and a vertically arranged second column, the second column being slidably disposed on the outer sliding sleeve along the vertical direction; one end of the inner sliding sleeve away from the outer sliding sleeve and one end of the outer sliding sleeve away from the inner sliding sleeve are both mounted on the upper surface of the soil outside the trench; the support device further includes a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly being disposed on the inner sliding sleeve or the outer sliding sleeve, the lifting assembly being configured to drive the first column and the second column to slide synchronously along the vertical direction.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after step S3, the following steps are further included: step S4, laying pipelines at the bottom of the trench, and simultaneously activating the lifting components in the two support devices so that the lifting components drive the first column and the second column to slide upward synchronously; step S5, filling the bottom of the trench with soil so that the soil covers the pipelines.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the lifting assembly includes a drive motor, a first adapter shaft, a second adapter shaft, two worm gears, and two worms. One worm gear, the first adapter shaft, the second adapter shaft, and the other worm gear are coaxially arranged and synchronously rotated along the first direction, connected end-to-end. The first adapter shaft and the second adapter shaft are slidably connected along the first direction. The drive motor is mounted on the inner sliding sleeve. The extended shaft of the drive motor is connected to one of the worm gears and can drive the worm gear to rotate. The other worm gear is rotatably mounted on the outer sliding sleeve. The two worms are rotatably mounted on the inner and outer sliding sleeves, respectively. The two worm gears and the two worms correspond one-to-one and are threaded together. The lower ends of the two worms are respectively connected to the first column and the second column.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional profiles of the first adapter shaft and the second adapter shaft in the vertical plane in the second direction are rectangular.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, an adjusting handle is rotatably provided on the outer sliding sleeve, the extension shaft of the drive motor is connected to one of the worm gears, and the adjusting handle is connected to the other worm gear.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, both the first support assembly and the second support assembly are provided with sliding wheels that can roll along the second direction.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, after step S5, the following steps are further included: step S6, continuing to excavate the trench along the second direction, driving the sliding wheel to rotate so that the support member translates along the second direction, and then continuing to lay the next section of the pipeline.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, both the first support assembly and the second support assembly are provided with a sprocket drive motor, the sprocket drive motor is provided with a sprocket, and the sprocket drive motor can drive the sliding wheel to rotate through the sprocket.

[0016] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein:

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first adapter shaft in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bushing structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner sliding sleeve and the first column in a vertical plane in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0026] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0027] Icon labels:

[0028] Support plate assembly 100, support plate 110, end guard plate 120, limiting rod 130, right angle buckle 131;

[0029] Support device 200, first support assembly 210, inner sliding sleeve 211, first column 212, second support assembly 220, outer sliding sleeve 221, second column 222, distance adjustment assembly 230, first push rod 231, second push rod 232, pin 233, lead screw 234, nut 235, lifting assembly 240, drive motor 241, first adapter shaft 242, second adapter shaft 243, worm gear 244, worm 245, slide groove 250;

[0030] Adjusting handle 300;

[0031] 400 sliding wheels;

[0032] 500 sprocket drive motor;

[0033] 600 sprocket;

[0034] 700 bushing;

[0035] Front wheel guide mechanism 800, bracket 810, guide wheel 820;

[0036] 900 channel steel rail. Detailed Implementation

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, first direction, second direction, etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, the use of "first" and "second" is for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or the order of the technical features indicated.

[0040] In the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly defined, terms such as "set up," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention in conjunction with the specific content of the technical solution.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 6 This invention discloses a trench excavation and support method, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step S1: Excavate a trench on site. The width direction of the trench is the first direction, and the length direction of the trench is the second direction.

[0043] Step S2: Prepare support components. The support components include two sets of support plate assemblies 100 and two support devices 200. The two support devices 200 are arranged along a second direction. Each support device 200 includes a first support component 210 and a second support component 220 that are slidably engaged along a first direction. The support device 200 also includes a distance adjustment component 230 disposed between the first support component 210 and the second support component 220. The distance adjustment component 230 is configured to adjust and fix the distance between the first support component 210 and the second support component 220 in the first direction. One set of support plate assemblies 100 is installed between the two first support components 210, and the other set of support plate assemblies 100 is installed between the two second support components 220.

[0044] Step S3: Hoist the support components into the trench, and use the distance adjustment component 230 to make the two support plate components 100 respectively fit against the two side walls of the trench.

[0045] Understandably, during construction, the support components are simply hoisted into the excavated trench. The distance between the first support component 210 and the second support component 220 is adjusted and fixed using the distance adjustment assembly, allowing the two sets of first support plate components 100 to respectively adhere to the two sidewalls of the trench, thus providing support for the trench sidewalls. This simple operation improves construction efficiency. Furthermore, by setting adjustable spacing between the first support component 210 and the second support component 220, the support method of this invention can be applied to trenches of different widths, further improving construction efficiency. Moreover, it eliminates the need to design specialized support structures for different trench widths, thereby saving construction costs.

[0046] It should be noted that, referring to Figure 1 The support plate assembly 100 includes multiple vertically arranged support plates 110. Slots can be provided on the first support assembly 210 and the second support assembly 220. The multiple support plates 110 are sequentially inserted into the slots vertically and stacked upwards to form the support plate assembly 100. Furthermore, one set of support devices 200 may have an end guard plate 120 on the side facing away from the other set of support devices 200. The end guard plate 120 can provide temporary support for the subsequent excavation process.

[0047] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the lower part of the first support assembly 210 and the second support assembly 220 is provided with a sliding groove 250 extending in the vertical direction. The distance adjustment assembly 230 includes a first push rod 231, a second push rod 232, a screw nut assembly and two pins 233.

[0048] The first push rod 231 is hinged at its upper end to the first support assembly 210, the second push rod 232 is hinged at its middle part to the middle part of the first push rod 231, and the upper end of the second push rod 232 is hinged to the second support assembly 220. Two pins 233 are horizontally arranged and slidably installed in the grooves 250 of the first support assembly 210 and the second support assembly 220, respectively. The lower end of the second push rod 232 is hinged to the pin 233 in the groove 250 of the first support assembly 210, and the lower end of the first push rod 231 is hinged to the pin 233 in the groove 250 of the second support assembly 220. The screw and nut assembly includes a screw 234 and a nut 235. The nut 235 is fastened to the first support assembly 210. The screw 234 and the nut 235 are threaded together, and the lower end of the screw 234 is connected to the pin 233 in the groove 250 of the first support assembly 210. When it is necessary to adjust the distance between the first support assembly 210 and the second support assembly 220, the lead screw 234 can be rotated forward or backward, causing the lead screw 234 to rise or fall under the threaded engagement with the nut 235. When the lead screw 234 rises, it can drive the pin 233 at the lower end of the lead screw 234 to rise synchronously, thereby causing the lower end of the second push rod 232 to rise. The positions of the hinge pins at the upper ends of the first push rod 231 and the second push rod 232 are both fixed, so the rising lower end of the second push rod 232 can force... The tilt angle of the first push rod 231 and the second push rod 232 is increased, thereby increasing the distance between the first support assembly 210 and the second support assembly 220. When the lead screw 234 descends, the lead screw 234 can drive the pin 233 at the lower end of the lead screw 234 to descend synchronously, thereby causing the lower end of the second push rod 232 to descend. The descending lower end of the second push rod 232 can force the tilt angle of the first push rod 231 and the second push rod 232 to decrease, thereby decreasing the distance between the first support assembly 210 and the second support assembly 220.

[0049] Of course, it is understandable that the first push rod 231 and the second push rod 232 are both arranged in the vertical direction, and the plane where the first push rod 231 is located and the plane where the second push rod 232 is located are both parallel to the vertical plane where the first direction is located.

[0050] It should be noted that the rotation of the aforementioned lead screw 234 can be achieved by using a wrench, or by installing a stepper motor on the first support assembly 210 to drive the lead screw 234 to rotate forward or backward. Furthermore, the lead screw and nut assembly in the aforementioned distance adjustment assembly 230 can also be replaced by a push cylinder. Specifically, the cylinder body of the push cylinder is securely mounted on the first support assembly 210, and the piston rod of the push cylinder is connected to the pin 233 in the slide groove 250 of the first support assembly 210, thereby enabling the push cylinder to drive the pin 233 to move up and down. The aforementioned push cylinder can be a stroke-adjustable cylinder.

[0051] It should be noted that the distance adjustment component 230 also includes a locking bolt. A locking groove can be provided on the first support component 210. The locking bolt is rotatably mounted on the second support component 220. After the distance between the first support component 210 and the second support component 220 is adjusted, the distance between the first support component 210 and the second support component 220 can be fixed by tightening the locking bolt.

[0052] like Figure 3 As shown, the first support component 210 includes an inner sliding sleeve 211 arranged along a first direction and a vertically arranged first column 212. The first column 212 is slidably arranged on the inner sliding sleeve 211 along the vertical direction. The second support component 220 includes an outer sliding sleeve 221 arranged along the first direction and a vertically arranged second column 222. The second column 222 is slidably arranged on the outer sliding sleeve 221 along the vertical direction. The end of the inner sliding sleeve 211 away from the outer sliding sleeve 221 and the end of the outer sliding sleeve 221 away from the inner sliding sleeve 211 are both erected on the upper surface of the soil outside the trench. The support device 200 also includes a lifting component 240, which is arranged on the inner sliding sleeve 211 or the outer sliding sleeve 221. The lifting component 240 is configured to drive the first column 212 and the second column 222 to slide synchronously along the vertical direction. The present invention, by setting up a lifting component 240, can lift or lower the first column 212 and the second column 222, which facilitates the subsequent construction of the bottom of the trench and the movement of the support components as a whole.

[0053] The present invention may further include the following steps after step S3:

[0054] Step S4: Lay pipes at the bottom of the trench and simultaneously start the lifting components 240 in the two support devices 200 so that the lifting components 240 drive the first column 212 and the second column 222 to slide upward synchronously.

[0055] Step S5: Fill the bottom of the trench with soil so that the soil covers the pipeline.

[0056] Understandably, covering the pipeline with soil prevents it from shifting. The upward movement of the first and second posts 212 provides construction space for filling the soil at the bottom of the trench.

[0057] like Figures 3 to 6As shown, the lifting assembly 240 includes a drive motor 241, a first adapter shaft 242, a second adapter shaft 243, two worm gears 244, and two worms 245. One worm gear 244, the first adapter shaft 242, the second adapter shaft 243, and the other worm gear 244 are sequentially connected end-to-end and coaxially arranged along a first direction, and can rotate synchronously. The first adapter shaft 242 and the second adapter shaft 243 are slidably connected along the first direction. The drive motor 241 is mounted on... On the inner sliding sleeve 211, the extended shaft of the drive motor 241 is connected to one of the worm gears 244 and can drive the worm gear 244 to rotate. The other worm gear 244 is rotatably mounted on the outer sliding sleeve 221. Two worms 245 are rotatably mounted on the inner sliding sleeve 211 and the outer sliding sleeve 221, respectively. The two worm gears 244 and the two worms 245 correspond one-to-one and are threaded together. The lower ends of the two worms 245 are connected to the first column 212 and the second column 222, respectively. It can be understood that when the drive motor 241 drives one of the worm gears 244 to rotate, the first adapter shaft 242, the second adapter shaft 243, and the other worm gear 244 will also rotate synchronously. The two synchronously rotating worm gears 244 will drive their respective mating worms 245 to rotate and rise and fall, thereby enabling the two worms 245 to drive the first column 212 and the second column 222 connected to them to rise and fall. Specifically, the two worm gears 245 can rotate with either the first column 212 or the second column 222. The distance between the first adapter shaft 242 and the second adapter shaft 243, which are slidably connected to each other, is adjusted synchronously when the distance adjustment component 230 adjusts the first support component 210 and the second support component 220. This ensures that the overall height and width adjustments of the support components do not affect each other; when adjusting the height, the original width is not affected, and when adjusting the width, the original height is not affected. Furthermore, the lifting component 240 with the above structure can achieve synchronous lifting with low power, avoiding jamming caused by asynchronous lifting.

[0058] Of course, the lifting component 240 can be replaced by other structures that can drive the first column 212 and the second column 222 to rise and fall. For example, the first column 212 and the second column 222 can be driven to rise and fall by two lifting motors and two sets of screw and nut mechanisms respectively, and the two lifting motors can be started and stopped synchronously by program control to achieve synchronous rising and falling of the first column 212 and the second column 222.

[0059] Reference Figure 4 The first adapter shaft 242 and the second adapter shaft 243 have rectangular cross-sectional profiles in the vertical plane containing the second direction. One end of the second adapter shaft 243 can be fitted onto one end of the first adapter shaft 242. The first adapter shaft 242 and the second adapter shaft 243, with their rectangular cross-sections, can transmit torque to each other. Alternatively, torque can be transmitted by selectively providing a keyway on one of the first adapter shaft 242 and the second adapter shaft 243, and a key on the other. Correspondingly, as... Figure 5 As shown, a bushing 700 can be provided on the outer sliding sleeve 221 of the second support assembly 220. The outer ring of the bushing 700 is circular and the inner ring of the bushing 700 is square. The second adapter shaft 243 can be inserted into the inner ring of the bushing 700 and drive the bushing 700 to rotate synchronously when rotating. The bushing 700 can prevent the rotation of the second adapter shaft 243 from causing wear on the outer sliding sleeve 221.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, an adjusting handle 300 is rotatably mounted on the outer sliding sleeve 221. The extended shaft of the drive motor 241 is connected to one of the worm gears 244, and the adjusting handle 300 is connected to the other worm gear 244. In actual use, the worm gear 244 can be driven to rotate either by the drive motor 241 or by the adjusting handle 300, making the lifting assembly 240 applicable in both electrically powered and non-electrically powered construction environments.

[0061] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 Both the first support assembly 210 and the second support assembly 220 are equipped with sliding wheels 400 that can roll in a second direction. By setting the sliding wheels 400, the entire support component can be moved, reducing the difficulty of handling.

[0062] It is understood that, after step S5 in the embodiments of the present invention, the following steps are also included:

[0063] Step S6: Continue excavating the trench along the second direction, drive the sliding wheel 400 to rotate so that the support component moves in the second direction, and then continue to lay the next section of pipeline.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, both the first support assembly 210 and the second support assembly 220 are equipped with a sprocket drive motor 500, and the sprocket drive motor 500 is equipped with a sprocket 600. The sprocket drive motor 500 can drive the sliding wheel 400 to rotate through the sprocket 600.

[0065] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this embodiment of the invention, one end of the outer sliding sleeve 221 is slidably sleeved on the outside of one end of the inner sliding sleeve 211, and two sliding grooves 250 are respectively opened on the first column 212 and the second column 222.

[0066] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8In another embodiment of the present invention, two channel steel rails 900 are provided on the upper surface of the soil outside the trench, and four sliding wheels 400 can slide along the corresponding channel steel rails 900, which can further improve the reliability and construction efficiency during the trench excavation and support process. The channel steel rails 900 can be of model 18#b. In addition, to cooperate with the channel steel rails 900, a front wheel guide mechanism 800 can be provided on the outer sliding sleeve 221 and the inner sliding sleeve 211 on the front support device 200. Specifically, the front wheel guide mechanism 800 includes a bracket 810 and two guide wheels 820. The bracket 810 is fastened to the outer sliding sleeve 221 or the inner sliding sleeve 211, and the two guide wheels 820 are rotatably mounted on the bracket 810. The two guide wheels 820 respectively roll in cooperation with two opposite side walls inside the channel steel rails 900. The front wheel guide mechanism 800 can assist the rolling of the front sliding wheel 400, increase the stability of the support device 200, and prevent the sliding wheel 400 from jamming with the channel steel rail 900 due to non-parallelism of the rails.

[0067] In addition, such as Figure 9 As shown, it should be noted that in another embodiment of the present invention, multiple limiting rods 130 are installed between the two support devices 200. A portion of the limiting rods 130 have their ends abutting against two first columns 212, and another portion of the limiting rods 130 have their ends abutting against two second columns 222. Right-angle buckles 131 are also provided on the first columns 212 and the second columns 222 to prevent the limiting rods 130 from falling off due to significant differences in their rising heights.

[0068] A trench excavation and support method according to the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

[0069] Step S1: Excavate a trench on site. The width direction of the trench is the first direction, and the length direction of the trench is the second direction.

[0070] Step S2: Prepare support components. The support components include two sets of support plate assemblies 100 and two support devices 200. The two support devices 200 are arranged along a second direction. Each support device 200 includes a first support component 210 and a second support component 220 that are slidably engaged along a first direction. The support device 200 also includes a distance adjustment component 230 disposed between the first support component 210 and the second support component 220. The distance adjustment component 230 is configured to adjust and fix the distance between the first support component 210 and the second support component 220 in the first direction. One set of support plate assemblies 100 is installed between the two first support components 210, and the other set of support plate assemblies 100 is installed between the two second support components 220.

[0071] Step S3: Hoist the support components into the trench, and use the distance adjustment component 230 to make the two support plate components 100 respectively fit against the two side walls of the trench.

[0072] Step S4: Lay pipes at the bottom of the trench and simultaneously start the lifting components 240 in the two support devices 200 so that the lifting components 240 drive the first column 212 and the second column 222 to slide upward synchronously.

[0073] Step S5: Fill the bottom of the trench with soil to cover the pipeline;

[0074] Step S6: Continue excavating the trench along the second direction, drive the sliding wheel 400 to rotate so that the support component moves in the second direction, and then continue to lay the next section of pipeline.

[0075] It should be noted that the first direction and the second direction in this invention can also be the left-right direction and the front-back direction.

[0076] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0077] Of course, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present invention. All such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included within the scope defined by the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for trench excavation and support, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Excavate a trench on site, wherein the width direction of the trench is a first direction and the length direction of the trench is a second direction; Step S2: Prepare support components. The support components include two sets of support plate assemblies and two support devices. The two support devices are arranged along the second direction. Each support device includes a first support component and a second support component that slide in a first direction. Each support device also includes a distance adjustment component disposed between the first support component and the second support component. The distance adjustment component is configured to adjust and fix the distance between the first support component and the second support component in the first direction. One set of support plate assemblies is installed between the two first support components, and the other set of support plate assemblies is installed between the two second support components. Step S3: Hoist the support component into the trench, and manipulate the distance adjustment component to make the two support plate components respectively fit against the two side walls of the trench; The first support assembly includes an inner sliding sleeve arranged along the first direction and a vertically arranged first column. The first column is slidably mounted on the inner sliding sleeve along the vertical direction. The second support assembly includes an outer sliding sleeve arranged along the first direction and a vertically arranged second column. The second column is slidably mounted on the outer sliding sleeve along the vertical direction. The end of the inner sliding sleeve away from the outer sliding sleeve and the end of the outer sliding sleeve away from the inner sliding sleeve are both erected on the upper surface of the soil outside the trench. The support device also includes a lifting assembly, which is disposed on the inner sliding sleeve or the outer sliding sleeve. The lifting assembly is configured to drive the first column and the second column to slide synchronously along the vertical direction. Both the first support assembly and the second support assembly have vertically extending grooves at their lower parts. The distance adjustment assembly includes: The first push rod has its upper end hinged to the first support assembly; The second push rod is hinged to the middle of the first push rod, and the upper end of the second push rod is hinged to the second support assembly. Two pins are horizontally arranged and slidably installed in the groove of the first support component and the groove of the second support component, respectively. The lower end of the second push rod is hinged to the pin in the groove of the first support component, and the lower end of the first push rod is hinged to the pin in the groove of the second support component. A lead screw and nut assembly includes a lead screw and a nut, the nut being fastened to the first support assembly, the lead screw being threadedly engaged with the nut and its lower end being connected to the pin in the groove of the first support assembly; The lifting assembly includes a drive motor, a first adapter shaft, a second adapter shaft, two worm gears, and two worms. One worm gear, the first adapter shaft, the second adapter shaft, and the other worm gear are coaxially arranged and rotate synchronously along the first direction, connected end to end. The first adapter shaft and the second adapter shaft are slidably connected along the first direction. The drive motor is mounted on the inner sliding sleeve. The extended shaft of the drive motor is connected to one of the worm gears and drives the worm gear to rotate. The other worm gear is rotatably disposed on the outer sliding sleeve. The two worms are rotatably disposed on the inner sliding sleeve and the outer sliding sleeve, respectively. The two worm gears and the two worms correspond one-to-one and are threaded together. The lower ends of the two worms are connected to the first column and the second column, respectively.

2. The trench excavation and support method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Following step S3, the following steps are also included: Step S4: Lay pipelines at the bottom of the trench and simultaneously activate the lifting components in the two support devices so that the lifting components drive the first column and the second column to slide upward synchronously. Step S5: Fill the bottom of the trench with soil so that the soil covers the pipeline.

3. The trench excavation and support method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cross-sectional profiles of the first and second adapter shafts in the vertical plane in the second direction are rectangular.

4. The trench excavation and support method according to claim 2, characterized in that, An adjusting handle is rotatably mounted on the outer sliding sleeve. The extended shaft of the drive motor is connected to one of the worm gears, and the adjusting handle is connected to the other worm gear.

5. A trench excavation and support method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the first support assembly and the second support assembly are provided with sliding wheels that roll in the second direction.

6. The trench excavation and support method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Following step S5, the following steps are also included: Step S6: Continue excavating the trench along the second direction, drive the sliding wheel to rotate so that the support member can be translated along the second direction, and then continue to lay the next section of the pipeline.

7. A trench excavation and support method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Both the first support assembly and the second support assembly are equipped with a sprocket drive motor, and the sprocket drive motor is equipped with a sprocket, which drives the sliding wheel to rotate through the sprocket.

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