Longitudinal anti-freezing and shock-absorbing joint structure for tunnel in high-altitude cold region of strong earthquake zone and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a longitudinal anti-freezing and shock-absorbing joint structure of a tunnel in a high-altitude cold area in a strong earthquake zone and a construction method, wherein an initial lining layer, a shock-absorbing layer, a heat preservation layer and a secondary lining layer are sequentially arranged from outside to inside in a radial direction of the tunnel; a plurality of shock-absorbing joint structures penetrating through the secondary lining layer are arranged at intervals in the secondary lining layer; the shock-absorbing joint structure comprises a wave-shaped water stop belt, an energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure and a shock-absorbing joint barrier plate structure which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside in the radial direction of the tunnel; the shock-absorbing joint barrier plate structure is used for bearing the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure and allowing elongation deformation or compression deformation in cooperation with the wave-shaped water stop belt and the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure; and the secondary lining of a first construction section and the secondary lining of a second construction section are connected together through the wave-shaped longitudinal anti-freezing and shock-absorbing joint structure and bear longitudinal earthquake action as the secondary lining layer, so that driving safety is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel anti-freezing and vibration damping joint technology, and in particular to a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joint structure and construction method for tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong seismic activity. Background Technology

[0002] On the one hand, tunnel entrances in strong earthquake zones are prone to severe damage such as slope collapse, lining cracking, and collapse, making the vibration reduction and mitigation of tunnels in these zones a crucial concern. Currently, vibration reduction in tunnels in strong earthquake zones primarily considers two approaches: altering the properties of the surrounding rock and the tunnel itself. Installing vibration reduction systems is a key measure, including installing damping layers and dampers between the lining and surrounding rock, as well as longitudinal vibration reduction joints at longitudinal joints within the tunnel. Among these, the use of longitudinal vibration reduction joints is gaining increasing importance in tunnel vibration reduction design due to its advantages such as simple layout, rapid construction, significant effects, and low material costs.

[0003] On the other hand, in high-altitude cold regions, the climate is cold, there is snow all year round, and the temperature difference between day and night is large. Large areas of frozen mountains are in a state of melting and freezing cycle for a long time. Meltwater has a great impact on construction and tunnel operation. The tunnel structure design needs to take into account the issues of insulation and waterproofing.

[0004] For the design of longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joints in tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong earthquakes, it is necessary to solve the problem of cold insulation at the tunnel entrance to prevent frost damage to the lining concrete during operation. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to the water seepage problem of the longitudinal vibration damping joints to avoid frost heave caused by water seepage through cracks, which could eventually lead to excessive deformation or even frost cracking of the secondary lining structure, affecting driving safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure and construction method for tunnels in high-altitude, cold regions with strong earthquake zones. The secondary lining of the first-construction section and the secondary lining of the subsequent-construction section are connected together by a corrugated longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure, which serves as the secondary lining layer to withstand longitudinal seismic forces. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong earthquakes. A primary lining layer, a vibration-damping layer, a thermal insulation layer, and a secondary lining layer are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the tunnel. Several vibration-damping joint structures are arranged at intervals through the secondary lining layer. Each vibration-damping joint structure includes a corrugated waterstop, an energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure, and a vibration-damping joint barrier plate structure sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the tunnel. The vibration-damping joint barrier plate structure supports the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure and, in conjunction with the corrugated waterstop and the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure, allows for elongation or compression deformation.

[0007] For example, in a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joint structure for a tunnel in a high-altitude cold region with strong earthquake zone provided in one embodiment, the vibration damping joint barrier plate structure includes two vibration damping joint steel plates that are at least partially overlapped. A waist hole is provided at the overlap of the vibration damping joint steel plates, and the two vibration damping joint steel plates are slidably connected through the waist hole so that the two vibration damping joint steel plates can be shifted and slid.

[0008] For example, in a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, the two ends of the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure are pre-formed into ellipsoids and connected to the secondary lining layer by ball hinges. The energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure includes a polyethylene pipe and foamed concrete, and the foamed concrete is disposed inside the polyethylene pipe to form a solid integral structure.

[0009] For example, in a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, the two ends of the corrugated waterstop are connected to the secondary lining layer through a connecting component. The connecting component includes a fixed steel plate and a fixed steel bar. The fixed steel plate abuts against the insulation layer, and the two ends of the corrugated waterstop are respectively connected to the fixed steel plate. One end of the fixed steel bar is connected to the fixed steel plate, and the other end is connected to the secondary lining layer.

[0010] For example, in a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, a reinforcing cage is provided in the secondary lining layer, and the end of the fixing steel bar away from the fixing steel plate is fixedly connected to the reinforcing cage.

[0011] For example, in a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joint structure for a tunnel in a high-altitude, cold region with strong earthquakes provided in one embodiment, both ends of the vibration damping joint barrier plate structure are fixedly connected to the reinforcing cage in the secondary lining layer.

[0012] For example, in a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong earthquakes provided in one embodiment, the two adjacent vibration damping joint steel plates are broken at the joint in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, ensuring that the vibration damping joint structure allows for uneven deformation while not generating large stress concentration.

[0013] The second aspect of this application provides a construction method for a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong earthquake zones, comprising the following steps: S1 pre-treating the fixing steel plate, fixing steel strip, vibration-damping joint steel plate, and corrugated waterstop; S2 laying the initial lining layer, vibration-damping layer, and insulation layer; S3 constructing a reinforcing cage inside the secondary lining layer on one side of the vibration-damping joint structure, the reinforcing cage including circumferential reinforcing bars, longitudinal reinforcing bars, and stirrups; S4 connecting the end of the corrugated waterstop on the same side as the reinforcing cage constructed in S3 to the fixing steel plate. For the fixed connection, use fixed steel bars to fix the ends of the fixed steel plates and the corrugated waterstop to the circumferential reinforcement; S5 pour low-permeability high-strength concrete at the position of the reinforcement cage built on one side of the vibration damping joint structure in S3 to complete the pouring of the secondary lining layer on one side of the vibration damping joint structure; S6 repeat S3-S5 to complete the pouring of the secondary lining layer on the other side of the vibration damping joint structure; S7 assemble the vibration damping joint barrier plate structure, and fix the ends of the two vibration damping joint steel plates to the secondary lining layers on both sides of the vibration damping joint structure respectively.

[0014] For example, in a construction method for a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure for a tunnel in a high-altitude, cold region with strong earthquakes, as provided in one embodiment, the pretreatment of the fixed steel plate in step S1 includes the following steps: grinding the outer edges of the fixed steel plate to prevent damage to the corrugated waterstop; applying two coats of epoxy coal tar thick-film anti-rust paint to the side of the fixed steel plate near the vibration-damping joint structure; bending the end of the fixed steel plate away from the vibration-damping joint structure to enhance the bonding between the fixed steel plate and the secondary lining layer; the pretreatment of the vibration-damping joint steel plate in step S1 includes the following steps: grinding and cleaning the vibration-damping joint steel plate to remove surface dust and rust; using sandblasting to perform secondary processing on the inner surface of the vibration-damping joint steel plate to ensure that its surface has a certain roughness and increase the friction with the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure; the pretreatment of the corrugated waterstop in step S1 includes: cutting and aligning the cut corrugated waterstop and grinding it, and checking the quality to ensure that there is no damage and that the flatness meets the requirements.

[0015] For example, in the construction method of the longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joint structure of a tunnel in a high-altitude cold region with strong earthquake zone provided in one embodiment, the steps of fixing the end of the corrugated waterstop and the steel cage built in S3 on the same side to the fixed steel plate in S4, and then fixing the end of the fixed steel plate and the corrugated waterstop to the circumferential steel reinforcement with the fixed steel bar include the following steps: First step: Apply glue to both sides of the fixed steel plate and bond one end of the corrugated waterstop to the fixed steel plate; Second step: Seal the circumferential joint of the fixed steel plate with waterproof caulking sealant and smooth it with a putty knife; Third step: Connect the joint of the corrugated waterstop using the cold bonding method, specifically: ① Connect the two corrugated waterstops... 1. Smooth the end of the joint adhesive strip and grind it with a grinder to create a rough surface. Clean the corrugated waterstop to be bonded, ensuring the bonding interface is dry and free of impurities. 2. Apply a special adhesive to the corrugated waterstop to be bonded. After application, bond the corrugated waterstops together promptly and press them for 20-30 minutes. 3. Drill holes at both ends of the corrugated waterstop using a fixing steel strip and fix the corrugated waterstop to the fixing steel strip near the end. 4. Use spot welding to fix the end of the fixing steel strip near the corrugated waterstop to the fixing steel plate. 5. Use spot welding to fix the end of the fixing steel strip away from the corrugated waterstop to the circumferential reinforcement.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joint structure and construction method for tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided by some embodiments of this application are as follows: The vibration damping joint structure of this application, through the design including a longitudinally tensile corrugated waterstop, a longitudinally compressible energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure, and a longitudinally allowable tensile and expansion vibration damping joint barrier plate structure, can ensure that the vibration damping joint structure does not generate local stress concentration while bearing longitudinal seismic forces. This avoids concrete cracking and water leakage due to local damage to the vibration damping joint, which could ultimately lead to excessive deformation or even frost cracking of the secondary lining structure, thus ensuring driving safety. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this specification or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tunnel entrance structure in a high-altitude, cold region of a strong earthquake zone;

[0019] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of section I;

[0020] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of section II;

[0021] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of section III-III;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a top view of the vibration damping joint barrier plate structure;

[0023] Attached reference numerals: 1. Tunnel entrance structure; 2. Strongly weathered rock mass; 3. Non-strongly weathered rock mass; 4. Primary lining; 5. Vibration damping layer; 6. Insulation layer; 7. Vibration damping joint structure; 8. Secondary lining layer; 701. Circumferential reinforcement of the first-construction section; 702. Longitudinal reinforcement of the first-construction section; 703. Secondary lining of the first-construction section; 704. Stirrups of the first-construction section; 705. Circumferential reinforcement of the later-construction section; 706. Longitudinal reinforcement of the later-construction section; 707. Secondary lining of the later-construction section; 708. Stirrups of the later-construction section; 709. First fixing steel plate; 710. First fixing steel bar; 711. 711. Corrugated waterstop; 712. Second fixing steel plate; 713. Second fixing steel bar; 714. Energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure; 715. Vibration damping joint barrier plate structure; 716. First fixing bolt hole; 717. Second fixing bolt hole; 718. Steel plate fixing bolt; 719. Waist hole; 720. Third fixing bolt hole; 721. First vibration damping joint steel plate; 722. Second vibration damping joint steel plate; 723. First fixing bolt; 724. Second fixing bolt; 725. Third fixing bolt; 726. Fourth fixing bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as “connected” or “linked” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right” are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0026] The first aspect of this application provides a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude, cold regions with strong earthquakes, such as... Figure 1 As shown, since the tunnel entrance is located in the transition zone between strongly weathered rock mass 2 and non-strongly weathered rock mass 3, the tunnel entrance area 1 should be the focus of the seismic design. Appropriate damping joint structure 7 should be designed for the tunnel entrance area 1. The distance between the tunnel entrance area 1 and the tunnel entrance is 40m to 50m. The damping joint structure 7 is laid every 8 to 10m, and the width of the damping joint structure 7 is 200mm.

[0027] Figure 2 , Figure 3 These are section I at the tunnel entrance where the vibration damping joint is located, and section II at the location where the vibration damping joint is not located. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the tunnel structure at section I, along the radial direction of the tunnel, includes, from the outside to the inside, an initial lining 4, a damping layer 5, an insulation layer 6, and a damping joint structure 7. Figure 3 As shown, the tunnel structure at section II (non-vibration joint location) includes, from the outside to the inside, an initial lining layer 4, a vibration damping layer 5, a thermal insulation layer 6, and a secondary lining layer 8 in the radial direction of the tunnel.

[0028] The damping layer 5 is filled with PE foam concrete pipe or polyethylene foam board, the insulation layer 6 is made of rigid polyurethane foam, foam glass or polystyrene molded board (EPS), and the specific structure of the damping joint structure 7 is shown in [link to details]. Figure 4 .

[0029] like Figure 4As shown, several vibration damping joint structures 7 are arranged at intervals through the secondary lining layer 8. The vibration damping joint structure 7 includes a corrugated waterstop 711, an energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure 714, and a vibration damping joint barrier plate structure 71 arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the tunnel. The vibration damping joint barrier plate structure 71 is used to support the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure 714 and cooperates with the corrugated waterstop 711 and the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure 714 to allow for elongation or compression deformation.

[0030] According to the above embodiments, the damping joint structure 7 is designed to include a longitudinally tensile corrugated waterstop 711, a longitudinally compressible energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure 714, and a longitudinally allowable tensile and expansion damping joint barrier plate structure 71. While bearing longitudinal seismic forces, it can ensure that the damping joint structure 7 does not generate local stress concentration, and avoid concrete cracking and water leakage due to local damage to the damping joint, which could ultimately lead to excessive deformation or even frost cracking of the secondary lining structure.

[0031] The corrugated waterstop 711 possesses a certain degree of hardness and tensile strength, enabling it to resist significant longitudinal elongation deformation in the tunnel. The corrugated waterstop 711 has a thickness of 10mm, and the minimum width of its suspended portion (extendable portion) is 200mm, with a maximum width of 3200mm. Specific technical parameters are shown in Table 1 below.

[0032] Table 1 Technical parameters of corrugated waterstop strip

[0033]

[0034] Among them, the secondary lining layers 8 on both sides of the vibration damping joint structure 7 are respectively referred to as the first construction section secondary lining 703 and the second construction section secondary lining 707. The first construction section secondary lining 703 and the second construction section secondary lining 707 are connected together by the corrugated longitudinal anti-freeze vibration damping joint structure 7 and serve as the secondary lining layer 8 to bear the longitudinal seismic action. The first construction section secondary lining 703 and the second construction section secondary lining 707 are made of low-permeability ultra-high strength concrete, which ensures strength while having a certain seepage prevention performance.

[0035] For example, in a longitudinal frost-resistant and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude, cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the damping joint barrier plate structure 71 includes two damping joint steel plates that overlap at least partially, specifically a first damping joint steel plate 721 and a second damping joint steel plate 722. A waist hole 718 is provided at the overlap of the two damping joint steel plates. The two damping joint steel plates are slidably connected through the waist hole 718 so that the two damping joint steel plates can slide in opposite directions.

[0036] According to the above embodiments, while supporting the energy-absorbing composite filling tube structure 714, the damping joint barrier plate structure 71 can also cooperate with the corrugated waterstop 711 and the energy-absorbing composite filling tube structure 714 to allow for elongation or compression deformation, reduce the concentration of local stress in the damping joint, and achieve the effect of the damping joint structure 7 jointly bearing the longitudinal seismic action.

[0037] Two damping joint steel plates that overlap at least partially are connected to the waist hole 718 by steel plate fixing bolts 717, and a certain degree of sliding and displacement is achieved through the waist hole 718 to ensure that the damping joint barrier plate structure 71 has a certain allowable deformation capacity.

[0038] For example, in a longitudinal frost-resistant and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude, cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the two ends of the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure 714 are pre-formed into ellipsoids and connected to the secondary lining layer 8 by ball hinges. The energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure 714 includes a polyethylene pipe and foamed concrete. The foamed concrete is set inside the polyethylene pipe to form a solid integrated structure, which has the characteristics of light weight and high strength.

[0039] According to the above embodiment, by setting the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure 714, it is ensured that the bearing capacity can be exerted when subjected to longitudinal pressure, and at the same time, it can dissipate energy through contact with each other when subjected to repeated pressure. The energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure 714 is hinged to the secondary lining 703 of the first construction section and the secondary lining 707 of the subsequent construction section at its two ends, respectively, to transmit longitudinal compressive stress. When the tunnel undergoes large longitudinal compression deformation, it has a certain ability to resist compression deformation and compressive stress.

[0040] For example, in a longitudinal frost-resistant and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude, cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the two ends of the corrugated waterstop 711 are connected to the secondary lining layer 8 through connecting components, the connecting components including;

[0041] A fixed steel plate is abutted against the insulation layer 6, and the two ends of the corrugated waterstop 711 are respectively connected to the fixed steel plate;

[0042] A fixed steel bar is connected at one end to the fixed steel plate and at the other end to the secondary lining layer 8.

[0043] Specifically, the fixing steel plate includes a first fixing steel plate 709 and a second fixing steel plate 712, and the fixing steel strip includes a first fixing steel strip 710 and a second fixing steel strip 713. One end of the corrugated waterstop 711 is connected to the first fixing steel plate 709 and to the secondary lining 703 of the first construction section through the first fixing steel strip 710, and the other end is connected to the second fixing steel plate 712 and to the secondary lining 707 of the subsequent construction section through the second fixing steel strip 713.

[0044] For example, in a longitudinal frost-resistant and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude, cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, a reinforcing cage is provided in the secondary lining layer 8, and the end of the fixing steel bar away from the fixing steel plate is fixedly connected to the reinforcing cage.

[0045] Specifically, the steel cage in the secondary lining 703 of the first construction section includes the circumferential steel bars 701, the longitudinal steel bars 702, and the stirrups 704 of the first construction section, and the steel cage in the secondary lining 707 of the second construction section includes the circumferential steel bars 705, the longitudinal steel bars 706, and the stirrups 708 of the second construction section.

[0046] For example, in a longitudinal frost-resistant and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude, cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the two ends of the shock-absorbing joint barrier plate structure 71 are fixedly connected to the reinforcing cage in the secondary lining layer 8.

[0047] Specifically, a first fixing bolt hole 715 and a second fixing bolt hole 716 are provided in the non-overlapping area of ​​the first damping joint steel plate 721, and a third fixing bolt hole 719 and a fourth fixing bolt hole 720 are provided in the non-overlapping area of ​​the second damping joint steel plate 722. The first fixing bolt 723 passes through the first fixing bolt hole 715 and the second fixing bolt 724 passes through the second fixing bolt hole 716 to connect the first damping joint steel plate 721 to the secondary lining 703 of the first construction section. The third fixing bolt 725 passes through the third fixing bolt hole 719 and the fourth fixing bolt 726 passes through the fourth fixing bolt hole 720 to connect the second damping joint steel plate 722 to the secondary lining 707 of the subsequent construction section.

[0048] For example, in a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude cold regions with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, the adjacent two vibration damping joint steel plates are broken at the joint in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, ensuring that the vibration damping joint structure 7 allows for uneven deformation while not generating large stress concentration.

[0049] The second aspect of this application provides a construction method for a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure for tunnels in high-altitude, cold regions with strong earthquakes, including the following steps:

[0050] S1 pre-treats the fixed steel plate, fixed steel strip, shock-absorbing joint steel plate and corrugated waterstop 711;

[0051] S2 is laid with initial lining layer 4, shock-absorbing layer 5 and thermal insulation layer 6;

[0052] S3 constructs a steel cage inside the secondary lining layer 8 on one side of the vibration damping joint structure 7. The steel cage includes circumferential steel bars, longitudinal steel bars, and stirrups.

[0053] S4 connects the end of the corrugated waterstop 711 near the steel cage built in S3 to the fixed steel plate, and then uses fixed steel bars to connect the fixed steel plate and the end of the corrugated waterstop 711 to the circumferential steel bars.

[0054] S5 pours low-permeability high-strength concrete at the location of the steel cage built in S3, and completes the pouring of the secondary lining layer 8 on one side of the vibration damping joint structure 7. Specifically, the mix proportion of low-permeability high-strength concrete is determined, coarse and fine aggregates and admixtures are loaded into the mixing drum, mixed evenly, and the pouring formwork is built to complete the pouring of the secondary lining 703 of the first construction section.

[0055] S6 repeats S3-S5 to complete the pouring of the secondary lining layer 8 on the other side of the vibration damping joint structure 7, i.e., the secondary lining 707 of the subsequent construction section.

[0056] The S7 assembled damping joint barrier plate structure 71 has two damping joint steel plates whose ends are fixedly connected to the secondary lining layers 8 on both sides of the damping joint structure 7, specifically:

[0057] (1) The first damping joint steel plate 721 and the second damping joint steel plate 722 are overlapped and aligned through the waist hole 718, wherein the waist hole 718 is a pre-made hole with a length of about 20mm. The steel plate fixing bolts 717 pass through the waist hole 718 to fix the first damping joint steel plate 721 and the second damping joint steel plate 722 together. The two steel plates can slide against each other, thereby completing the assembly of the damping joint barrier plate structure 71;

[0058] (2) The first fixing bolt 723 and the second fixing bolt 724 are fixed to the first damping joint steel plate 721 through the first fixing bolt hole 715 and the second fixing bolt hole 716, thereby connecting the first damping joint steel plate 721 to the secondary lining 703 of the first constructed section. The first fixing bolt 723 is 15mm away from the end of the first damping joint steel plate 721, and the second fixing bolt 724 is 20mm away from the end of the secondary lining 703 of the first constructed section.

[0059] (3) Similarly, the third fixing bolt 725 and the fourth fixing bolt 726 are fixed on the second shock-absorbing joint steel plate 722 through the third fixing bolt hole 719 and the fourth fixing bolt hole 720, so as to realize the connection between the second shock-absorbing joint steel plate 722 and the secondary lining 707 of the subsequent construction section.

[0060] For example, in a construction method for a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure for a tunnel in a high-altitude, cold region with strong seismic activity, step S1, the pretreatment of the fixing steel plate includes the following steps:

[0061] The outer edges of the fixed steel plate are ground to prevent damage to the corrugated waterstop 711.

[0062] Apply two coats of epoxy coal tar thick-film anti-rust paint (H52-65) to the 7th side of the fixed steel plate near the vibration damping joint structure;

[0063] The end of the fixed steel plate away from the vibration damping joint structure 7 (about 5mm to 10mm) is bent to enhance the bonding between the fixed steel plate and the secondary lining 703 of the first construction section and the secondary lining 707 of the later construction section.

[0064] The pretreatment of the vibration damping joint steel plate in S1 includes the following steps:

[0065] The shock-absorbing joint steel plate is ground smooth and cleaned to remove surface dust and rust.

[0066] The inner surface of the shock-absorbing joint steel plate is processed by sandblasting to ensure that its surface has a certain roughness, thereby increasing the friction with the energy-absorbing composite filling tube structure 714.

[0067] The pretreatment of the corrugated waterstop 711 in S1 includes: cutting and aligning the cut corrugated waterstop 711, grinding it, and checking its quality to ensure that it is undamaged and that its flatness meets the requirements.

[0068] The pretreatment of the fixing steel bar in S1 includes the following steps:

[0069] ① Grind and clean the fixed steel bars to remove surface dust and rust;

[0070] ② Use sandblasting equipment to roughen the ends of the fixed steel bars to increase their bonding with the secondary lining 703 of the first construction section and the secondary lining 707 of the later construction section;

[0071] ③ Clean again to facilitate the pouring of the secondary lining 703 in the first construction section and the secondary lining 707 in the later construction section.

[0072] In addition, each fixing bolt is pre-treated: the fixing bolts are surface treated by metal heat treatment methods such as blackening or surface coating (PTEE, Xylan, etc.) to ensure that the bolts have certain corrosion resistance and friction resistance.

[0073] For example, in a construction method for a longitudinal anti-freezing and vibration-damping joint structure for a tunnel in a high-altitude, cold region with strong earthquake zones provided in one embodiment, the steps of fixing the end of the corrugated waterstop 711 on the same side as the steel cage erected in S3 to the fixed steel plate in step S4, and then fixing the end of the fixed steel plate and the corrugated waterstop 711 to the circumferential steel bars with fixed steel bars include the following steps:

[0074] Step 1: Apply adhesive (such as acrylic adhesive and instant adhesive) to both sides of the first fixing steel plate 709, and bond one end of the corrugated waterstop 711 to the first fixing steel plate 709.

[0075] Step 2: The circumferential joint of the first fixed steel plate 709 is sealed with waterproof sealant and smoothed with putty.

[0076] Step 3: Connect the 711 joints of the corrugated waterstop using the cold bonding method, specifically as follows:

[0077] ① Flatten the rubber strips at both ends of the 711 corrugated waterstop joints, grind them with a grinder to create a rough surface, clean the corrugated waterstop to be bonded, and keep the interface to be bonded dry and free of impurities.

[0078] ② Apply a special adhesive to the corrugated waterstops to be bonded, with a coating thickness of about 1mm. After the coating is completed, bond the corrugated waterstops to be bonded in time and press them firmly for 20-30 minutes.

[0079] Step 4: Drill holes at both ends of the corrugated waterstop 711 using the fixing steel strip, and fix the corrugated waterstop 711 to the fixing steel strip near the end;

[0080] Step 5: Use spot welding to fix the end of the first fixing steel strip 710 near the corrugated waterstop 711 to the first fixing steel plate 709.

[0081] Step 6: Use spot welding to fix the end of the first fixing steel bar 710 away from the corrugated waterstop 711 to the circumferential steel bar.

[0082] This application provides a detailed design for the vibration damping joint structure of tunnels in high-altitude, cold regions with strong earthquakes, which helps to ensure the safety of tunnels during construction and operation under seismic loads.

[0083] Although the embodiments of this application have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for this application. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this application is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A longitudinal anti-freezing and shock-absorbing joint structure for a tunnel in a high-altitude cold region in a strong earthquake zone, characterized in that, The tunnel lining structure comprises an initial lining layer, a shock absorption layer, a heat preservation layer and a secondary lining layer arranged in sequence from outside to inside along the radial direction of the tunnel, wherein a plurality of shock absorption joint structures penetrating through the secondary lining layer are arranged at intervals in the secondary lining layer, the shock absorption joint structure comprises a wave-shaped water stop, an energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure and a shock absorption joint barrier plate structure arranged in sequence from outside to inside along the radial direction of the tunnel, the shock absorption joint barrier plate structure is used for bearing the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure and cooperating with the wave-shaped water stop and the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure to allow elongation deformation or compression deformation, the shock absorption joint barrier plate structure comprises two shock absorption joint steel plates arranged at least partially overlapped, a waist hole is arranged at the overlapping position of the shock absorption joint steel plates, and the two shock absorption joint steel plates are slidably connected through the waist hole so that the two shock absorption joint steel plates can be slid with displacement, the two ends of the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure are preformed into ellipsoidal shapes and are connected to the secondary lining layer through spherical hinges, and the heat preservation layer is made of polyurethane hard foam, foam glass or polystyrene molded board EPS. The two ends of the wave-shaped water stop are connected to the secondary lining layer through a connecting assembly, the connecting assembly comprises: a fixed steel plate abutting against the heat preservation layer, the two ends of the wave-shaped water stop being connected to the fixed steel plate respectively; a fixed steel bar having one end connected to the fixed steel plate and the other end connected to the secondary lining layer; a steel reinforcement cage arranged in the secondary lining layer, the end of the fixed steel bar away from the fixed steel plate being fixedly connected to the steel reinforcement cage, and the two ends of the shock absorption joint barrier plate structure being fixedly connected to the steel reinforcement cage in the secondary lining layer.

2. The longitudinal anti-freezing and shock-absorbing joint structure for high-altitude and cold-region tunnel in a strong earthquake area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure comprises a polyethylene pipe and foam concrete, and the foam concrete is arranged in the polyethylene pipe to form a solid integrated structure.

3. The structure of longitudinal anti-freezing and shock-absorbing joint for high-altitude tunnel in high seismic region and cold area according to claim 1, characterized in that, The joints of the two adjacent shock absorption joint steel plates in the circumferential direction of the tunnel are disconnected to ensure that the shock absorption joint structure allows uneven deformation without generating large stress concentration.

4. The construction method of the longitudinal anti-freezing and shock-absorbing joint structure of a high-altitude tunnel in a high seismic region and cold area according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: pretreating the fixed steel plate, the fixed steel bar, the shock absorption joint steel plate and the wave-shaped water stop, the pretreatment of the fixed steel plate comprising the following steps: polishing the outer edges of the fixed steel plate to prevent damage to the wave-shaped water stop, applying epoxy coal tar thick paste anti-rust paint on the side of the fixed steel plate close to the shock absorption joint structure, and bending the end of the fixed steel plate away from the shock absorption joint structure to enhance the bonding effect between the fixed steel plate and the secondary lining layer, the pretreatment of the shock absorption joint steel plate comprising the following steps: polishing and cleaning the shock absorption joint steel plate to remove surface dust and rust, and secondarily processing the inner surface of the shock absorption joint steel plate by using a sand blasting process to ensure that the surface has a certain roughness and increase the friction with the energy-absorbing composite filling pipe structure, and the pretreatment of the wave-shaped water stop comprising cutting, aligning and polishing the cut wave-shaped water stop and checking the quality to ensure that there is no damage and the flatness meets the requirements; S2: laying the initial lining layer, the shock absorption layer and the heat preservation layer; S3: building the steel reinforcement cage inside the secondary lining layer on one side of the shock absorption joint structure, the steel reinforcement cage comprising circumferential steel reinforcement, longitudinal steel reinforcement and stirrups. S4 connects the end of the wave-shaped waterstop on the same side of the steel reinforcement cage built in S3 with the fixed steel plate, and then connects the end of the fixed steel plate and the wave-shaped waterstop with the hoop reinforcement by using the fixed steel bar; S5 pours low-permeability high-strength concrete at the position of the steel reinforcement cage built on one side of the shock-absorbing joint structure in S3 to complete the pouring of the secondary lining layer on one side of the shock-absorbing joint structure; S6 repeats S3-S5 to complete the pouring of the secondary lining layer on the other side of the shock-absorbing joint structure; S7 assembles the shock-absorbing joint barrier plate structure, and the two ends of the two shock-absorbing joint steel plates are respectively fixedly connected with the secondary lining layers on both sides of the shock-absorbing joint structure.

5. The construction method of the longitudinal anti-freezing and shock-absorbing joint structure of a tunnel in a high-altitude cold region in a strong earthquake zone according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of connecting the end of the wave-shaped waterstop on the same side of the steel reinforcement cage built in S3 with the fixed steel plate in S4 includes the following steps: First step: apply glue to the front and back of the fixed steel plate, and bond one end of the wave-shaped waterstop with the fixed steel plate; Second step: use waterproof caulking sealant to plug the gap of the hoop joint of the fixed steel plate, and use a trowel to smooth it; Third step: connect the joint of the wave-shaped waterstop by cold bonding, specifically: ①Smooth the joint of the wave-shaped waterstop by grinding, and polish the joint to form a rough surface. Clean the wave-shaped waterstop to be bonded, and keep the bonding interface dry and free of impurities; ②Apply special adhesive to the wave-shaped waterstop to be bonded, and then bond the wave-shaped waterstop in time, and press it tightly for 20-30 minutes; Fourth step: punch holes in the fixed steel bar near the end of the wave-shaped waterstop to fix the wave-shaped waterstop at the position near the end of the fixed steel bar; Fifth step: use spot welding to fix the end of the fixed steel bar close to the wave-shaped waterstop with the fixed steel plate; Sixth step: use spot welding to fix the end of the fixed steel bar away from the wave-shaped waterstop with the hoop reinforcement.

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