Grate seal structure and aircraft engine

Abstract

This application provides a comb-tooth sealing structure comprising: a rotor and a sealing body, the sealing body being arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor; at least two sealing teeth are provided on the inner side of the sealing body, the sealing teeth being arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction of the sealing body, and the sealing teeth extending in a ring shape along the circumference of the sealing body; a sealing cavity is formed between any two adjacent sealing teeth; along the axial direction of the sealing body, at least one sealing cavity is provided with a vane grid, and at least one set of vane grids is provided in each sealing cavity; each set of vane grids is distributed along the circumference of the sealing cavity in which it is located. The embodiments of this application achieve a significant reduction in leakage of the comb-tooth sealing structure by providing vane grids in some sealing cavities, thereby greatly improving the sealing performance of the comb-tooth sealing structure. The comb-tooth sealing structure provided by this application has a simple structure and low production cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of sealing technology, and more specifically, to a toothed sealing structure and an aircraft engine. Background Technology

[0002] The toothed seal structure is a sealing structure widely used in high-speed rotating turbine machinery such as aircraft engines currently in service.

[0003] However, existing toothed sealing structures have large leakage and poor sealing performance, resulting in low efficiency, high fuel consumption, and poor economy in high-speed rotating turbine machinery such as aero engines. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application addresses the shortcomings of existing methods by proposing a toothed sealing structure and an aero-engine to solve the technical problem of poor sealing performance caused by large leakage in existing toothed sealing structures.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a comb-shaped sealing structure, comprising: a rotor; a sealing body, which is disposed around the outer periphery of the rotor; at least two sealing teeth are provided on the inner side of the sealing body, and the sealing teeth are arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction of the sealing body, and the sealing teeth extend in a ring shape along the circumference of the sealing body; a sealing cavity is formed between any two adjacent sealing teeth; at least one sealing cavity is provided with a vane cascade along the axial direction of the sealing body, and at least two sets of vane cascades are provided in each sealing cavity provided with the vane cascades; each set of vane cascades is distributed along the circumference of the sealing cavity in which it is located.

[0006] Optionally, along the axial direction of the sealing body, at least two sets of blades are provided in one of the sealing cavities at intervals of a certain number of designed sealing cavities.

[0007] Optionally, each of the blades in a set of blades is alternately arranged on two adjacent sealing teeth in the same sealing cavity along the radial direction of the sealing body.

[0008] Optionally, the end faces of each of the blades in a set of blades near the same sealing tooth, when projected onto the same sealing tooth, are staggered by equal angles along the circumference of the sealing body.

[0009] Optionally, the blade grid has a crescent-shaped cross-section along the axial direction of the sealing body, with the concave side of the crescent shape facing away from the rotor.

[0010] Optionally, the sealing cavity provided with the blade cascade includes at least two sets of blade cascades arranged circumferentially along the sealing body, and the circumferential distance between two blade cascades located on the same pitch circle of the radial section of the sealing body in any two adjacent sets of blade cascades is equal.

[0011] Optionally, within the radial section of the seal, each of the blades in a set of blades occupies an equal angle in its respective pitch circle.

[0012] Optionally, within the axial section of the sealing body, the radial dimension of the sealing tooth is equal to the axial distance of the ends of two adjacent sealing teeth away from the sealing body.

[0013] Optionally, the end face dimension of the sealing tooth near the end of the sealing body is larger than the end face dimension of the sealing tooth near the end of the rotor.

[0014] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an aerospace engine, including the serrated sealing structure of the first aspect.

[0015] The beneficial technical effects of the technical solutions provided in this application include:

[0016] In the comb-tooth sealing structure of this application embodiment, a sealing body is arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor. At least two sealing teeth are arranged on the inner side of the sealing body, and the sealing teeth are arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction of the sealing body. The sealing teeth extend in a ring shape along the circumference of the sealing body, and a sealing cavity is formed between any two adjacent sealing teeth. At least one sealing cavity is provided with a vane cascade along the axial direction of the sealing body. Each sealing cavity with a vane cascade has at least two sets of vane cascades, and each set of vane cascades is distributed along the circumference of the sealing cavity. When the high-pressure side (fluid) medium flows generally along the axial direction of the sealing body through the leakage gap formed between the end face of the sealing tooth near the rotor and the outer surface of the rotor, the flow area suddenly contracts, forming a high-speed jet that enters the sealing cavity with the vane cascade. The vane cascade in the sealing cavity guides and interferes with the flow direction of the medium entering the sealing cavity, changes the flow field distribution of the medium in the sealing cavity, enhances the turbulence of the medium in the sealing cavity, increases the number of vortices in the sealing cavity, and makes the kinetic energy of the medium largely converted into heat and dissipated, thereby enhancing the energy dissipation efficiency of the medium. As a result, the medium enters the sealing cavity further back with decreasing kinetic energy, thereby reducing the leakage of the grate seal structure and improving its sealing performance.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and will become apparent from the description or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0019] Figure 1A planar schematic diagram of the radial cross-section of a comb-shaped sealing structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 2 A planar schematic diagram of the radial cross-section of another comb-shaped sealing structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0021] Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a comb-tooth sealing structure after removing the rotor, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 6 A perspective view of a blade grid in a comb-tooth sealing structure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the circumferential projection of each set of blades in a sealed cavity provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 10-Rotor;

[0029] 20-Sealing body; 21-Sealing tooth; 22-Sealing cavity; 23-Blade cascade. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary descriptions for explaining the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0031] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless specifically stated otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” “the,” and “the” used herein may also include the plural forms. It should be further understood that the word “comprising” as used in the specification of this application means the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but does not exclude other features, information, data, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof supported by the art. The term “and / or” as used herein refers to at least one of the items defined by the term; for example, “A and / or B” can be implemented as “A,” or as “B,” or as “A and B.”

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] First, let's introduce and explain several terms used in this application:

[0034] Leakage gap: The gap between the end face of the sealing tooth closest to the rotor and the nearest outer surface of the rotor within the radial cross section of the seal body;

[0035] High-pressure side medium: the side with higher medium pressure potential energy, in the direction of flow;

[0036] The medium on the low-pressure side: the side with lower pressure potential energy, in the outflow direction;

[0037] Pressure ratio: The ratio of the medium pressure on the high-pressure side to the medium pressure on the low-pressure side;

[0038] Leakage: The flow rate of the medium passing through the grate seal structure under a certain pressure ratio;

[0039] Next, the relevant technologies involved in this application will be explained:

[0040] The inventors of this application have discovered through research that existing toothed sealing structures suffer from problems such as large leakage and poor sealing performance, resulting in low efficiency, high fuel consumption, and poor economy of aero engines.

[0041] The toothed sealing structure provided in this application is intended to solve the above-mentioned technical problems of the prior art.

[0042] The technical solution of this application and how it solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments can be referenced, learned from, or combined with each other, and equivalent terms, similar features, and similar implementation steps in different embodiments will not be described again.

[0043] This application provides a toothed sealing structure, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-5 As shown, the comb-tooth sealing structure includes: a rotor 10; a sealing body 20, which is arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor 10; at least two sealing teeth 21 are provided on the inner side of the sealing body 20, and the sealing teeth 21 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction of the sealing body 20, and the sealing teeth 21 extend into a ring shape along the circumference of the sealing body 20; a sealing cavity 22 is formed between any two adjacent sealing teeth 21; at least one sealing cavity 22 is provided with a blade cascade 23 along the axial direction of the sealing body 20, and at least two sets of blade cascades 23 are provided in each sealing cavity 22 provided with the blade cascade 23; each set of blade cascades 23 is distributed along the circumference of the sealing cavity 22 in which it is located.

[0044] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, at least two sets of blades 23 are provided in each (representing all) sealing cavity 22 along the axial direction of the sealing body 20.

[0045] Optionally, in another embodiment of this application, along the axial direction of the sealing body 20, each of the X consecutive adjacent sealing cavities 22 is provided with at least two sets of blades 23, and each of the Y consecutive adjacent sealing cavities 22 is provided with at least two sets of blades 23, with a gap of Z sealing cavities 22 between the X sealing cavities 22 and the Y sealing cavities 22. The values ​​of X, Y, and Z can be flexibly designed according to the actual situation.

[0046] Optionally, the toothed sealing structure in this application embodiment is applied to high-speed rotating turbine machinery such as aero engines, gas turbines, and compressors.

[0047] In the comb-tooth sealing structure of this application embodiment, the sealing body is arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor, and at least two sealing teeth are provided on the inner side of the sealing body. The sealing teeth are arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction of the sealing body and extend into a ring shape along the circumference of the sealing body. A sealing cavity is formed between any two adjacent sealing teeth. At least one sealing cavity is provided with a blade grid along the axial direction of the sealing body. At least two sets of blade grids are provided in each sealing cavity with blade grids, and each set of blade grids is distributed along the circumference of the sealing cavity. When the high-pressure side (fluid) medium flows along the axial direction of the sealing body through the leakage gap formed between the end face of the sealing tooth near the rotor and the outer surface of the rotor, the flow area suddenly contracts, forming a high-speed jet that enters the sealing cavity equipped with blades. The blades in the sealing cavity guide and interfere with the flow direction of the medium entering the sealing cavity, changing the flow field distribution of the medium in the sealing cavity. This can enhance the turbulence of the medium in the sealing cavity and increase the number of vortices in the sealing cavity, so that the kinetic energy of the medium side is largely converted into heat and dissipated. In this way, the medium enters the sealing cavity further and further back with decreasing kinetic energy, thereby reducing the leakage of the grate sealing structure and improving the sealing characteristics of the grate seal.

[0048] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-2 As shown, along the axial direction of the sealing body 20, at least two sets of blades are provided in each sealing cavity at intervals of a certain number of designed sealing cavities.

[0049] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown, at least two sets of blades 23 are provided in each sealing cavity 22 at intervals of one sealing cavity 22, and each set of blades 23 includes 3 blades.

[0050] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2As shown, along the axial direction of the sealing body 20, at least two sets of blades 23 are provided in each sealing cavity 22 at intervals of two sealing cavities. Each set of blades 23 includes two blades.

[0051] It should be noted that, along the axial direction of the sealing body 20, the number of sealing cavities 22 between two adjacent sealing cavities 22 provided with blade gratings 23 can be other numbers, and the number of blade gratings 23 included in each group of blade gratings 23 can also be other numbers. This application does not limit the number of sealing cavities 22 between two adjacent sealing cavities 22 provided with blade gratings 23 or the number of blade gratings 23 included in each group of blade gratings 23.

[0052] Optionally, in the embodiments of this application, see Figure 1-2 As shown, Figure 1-2 The arrows on both sides C and D indicate the flow direction of the medium. Side C is the high-pressure side, where the medium has higher pressure potential energy and is the direction of incoming flow. Side D is the low-pressure side, where the medium has lower pressure potential energy and is the direction of outgoing flow. When the high-pressure (fluid) medium flows roughly axially along the sealing body 20 through the leakage gap formed between the end face of the sealing tooth 21 near the rotor 10 and the outer surface of the rotor 10, a high-speed jet is formed due to the sudden contraction of the flow area, entering the sealing cavity 22 without the blade cascade 23. The medium converts its pressure potential energy into kinetic energy and forms a vortex in the sealing cavity, dissipating some of the energy. Then, it flows through the next leakage gap, forming a high-speed jet that enters the sealing cavity 22 equipped with the blade cascade 23. Each blade cascade 23 in the sealing cavity 22... The blades 23 guide and interfere with the flow direction of the medium entering the sealing cavity, changing the flow field distribution of the medium in the sealing cavity 22. This enhances the turbulence of the medium in the sealing cavity 22 and increases the number of vortices in the sealing cavity 22, allowing the kinetic energy of the medium to be largely converted into heat and dissipated. Similarly, the medium can enter the sealing cavity 22 further back with decreasing kinetic energy, significantly reducing the kinetic energy of the outflow medium, thereby reducing the leakage of the grate seal structure and improving the sealing performance of the grate seal.

[0053] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-5 As shown, each of the blades 23 in a set of blades 23 is alternately arranged on two adjacent sealing teeth 21 in the same sealing cavity 22 along the radial direction of the sealing body 20.

[0054] Optionally, the blade cascade 23 can be installed on the sealing tooth 21 by various methods such as welding, bolting, or bonding. This application does not limit the connection method between the blade cascade 23 and the sealing tooth 21.

[0055] Optionally, see Figure 1-2 and Figure 5As shown in the embodiment of this application, each of the blades 23 in a set of blades 23 is distributed on different pitch circles in the radial plane of the sealing body 20, and is alternately arranged on two adjacent sealing teeth 21 in the same sealing cavity 22 along the radial direction of the sealing body 20. For example Figure 1 and Figure 5 In the process, a set of blades 23 is provided in a sealing cavity 22. The sealing cavity 22 includes sealing teeth 21 located on the left and sealing teeth 21 located on the right along the axial direction of the sealing body 20. There are a total of three blades 23. Along the radial direction of the sealing body 20, the blade 23 closest to the rotor 10 (i.e. farthest from the sealing body 20) is the first blade 23, which is provided on the sealing teeth 21 on the left and has a gap between it and the sealing teeth 21 on the right. Along the radial direction of the sealing body 20 and close to the sealing body 20, the adjacent blade 23 is the second blade 23, which is provided on the sealing teeth 21 on the right and has a gap between it and the sealing teeth 21 on the left. Along the radial direction of the sealing body 20, the blade 23 closest to the sealing body 20 (i.e. farthest from the rotor 10) is the third blade 23, which is provided on the sealing teeth 21 on the left and has a gap between it and the sealing teeth 21 on the right.

[0056] Each blade 23 in a set of blade 23 cooperates with the two sealing teeth 21 of its corresponding sealing cavity 22. Any two adjacent blade 23 and the two corresponding sealing teeth 21 form a sub-cavity with open ends. The sub-cavities are connected to form a labyrinth channel or periodic loop channel that extends radially outward along the sealing body 20 and is closed at the outer end. This channel can guide the incoming medium to change its flow direction multiple times. Each change in the flow direction of the medium will cause a vortex in the medium, thereby changing the flow field distribution of the medium entering the sealing cavity 22. Moreover, a wave of medium flows outward along the labyrinth channel from one end near the rotor 10 to the inner wall of the sealing body 20. After being bounced off the inner wall, it flows in the opposite direction (inward) along the labyrinth channel, forming a countercurrent with the subsequent waves of medium flowing outward along the labyrinth channel from one end near the rotor 10. This increases the number of vortices formed by the medium entering the sealing cavity 22, enhances the turbulence of the medium in the sealing cavity 22, and improves the energy dissipation of the medium. This allows the leaking medium to enter the next sealing cavity with less kinetic energy, thereby improving the sealing characteristics of the toothed sealing structure.

[0057] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6-8 As shown, the end faces of each blade cascade 23 of a set of blade cascades 23 near the same sealing tooth 21, and their orthogonal projections onto the same sealing tooth 21, are staggered by equal angles along the circumference of the sealing body 20. For example Figure 7-8In this structure, a set of blade cascades 23 comprises three blade cascades 23, each located on a different pitch circle. The blade cascade 23 projected closest to the center of the pitch circle is the first blade cascade 23, the blade cascade 23 on the adjacent pitch circle is the second blade cascade 23, and the blade cascade 23 on the pitch circle furthest from the center is the third blade cascade 23. The end faces of the first, second, and third blade cascades 23 closest to the same sealing tooth 21, when projected onto the same sealing tooth, are successively offset by equal angles along the circumference of the sealing body 20. Figure 7-8 The midpoint angle θ, the value of θ includes 1°, and the value of θ can also be set to any other arbitrary angle. When installing each group of blade cascades 23, the third blade cascade 23 can be installed first, the second blade cascade 23 can be installed with the third blade cascade 23 as the reference, and the first blade cascade 23 can be installed with the second blade cascade 23 as the reference; or the first, second and third blade cascades 23 can be installed at the same time. The process is simple and easy to implement.

[0058] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-5 As shown, the blade cascade 23 has a crescent-shaped cross-section along the axial direction of the seal 20, with the concave side of the crescent facing away from the rotor 10. For example... Figure 1-2 In the axial section of the sealing body 20, the blade grid provided in the sealing cavity 22 is crescent-shaped, with the convex side of the crescent shape close to the rotor 10 and the concave side of the crescent shape facing away from the rotor 10.

[0059] When the medium enters the sealing cavity 22, it flows along the convex side of the blade 23, through the gap between the blade 23 and the adjacent sealing tooth 21, into the concave side of the blade 23, and then flows towards the sealing body 20. When the medium reaches the inner wall of the sealing body 20, it is bounced off the inner wall, and the concave surface of the blade 23 prevents some of the medium from flowing out, thus reducing the total amount of medium flowing into the next sealing cavity 22. In addition, the blade 23 is designed in a crescent shape along the axial section of the sealing body 20, which increases the number of vortices formed by the medium entering the sealing cavity 22 and increases the turbulence of the medium entering the sealing cavity 22. This allows the pressure potential energy of the high-pressure medium to be converted into heat and dissipated to a greater extent, so that the leaking medium enters the next sealing cavity 22 with less kinetic energy, thereby improving the sealing performance of the toothed sealing structure.

[0060] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6-7As shown, the sealing cavity 22 equipped with blade cascades 23 includes at least two sets of blade cascades 23 arranged circumferentially along the sealing body 20. The circumferential distance between any two adjacent sets of blade cascades 23 located on the same pitch circle of the radial section of the sealing body 20 is equal. When the angle occupied by all blade cascades 23 on the same pitch circle of the radial section of the sealing body 20 is known, the position of each blade cascade 23 on the pitch circle can be easily determined, thereby obtaining the installation position of each set of blade cascades 23.

[0061] Optionally, in the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 7 As shown, each group of blades 23 includes 3 blades 23. In the radial section of the sealing body 20, the circle formed by the blades 23 in each group of blades 23 that are equidistant from the center of the radial section of the sealing body 20 is the pitch circle.

[0062] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 6-7 Within the radial section of the sealing body 20, each blade cascade 23 in a set of blade cascades 23 occupies an equal angle in its respective pitch circle. The blade cascades 23 in a set of blade cascades 23 are designed with the same specifications, avoiding the problem of incorrect placement of blade cascades 23 on the sealing teeth 21 during installation, which would necessitate reinstallation and increase labor costs.

[0063] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-2 As shown, within the axial section of the sealing body 20, the radial dimension of the sealing tooth 21 along the sealing body 20 is equal to the axial distance of the ends of two adjacent sealing teeth 21 away from the sealing body 20. Specifically, the radial dimension of the sealing tooth 21 along the sealing body 20 is L1, and the axial distance of the ends of two adjacent sealing teeth 21 away from the sealing body 20 is L2. Optionally, the values ​​of L1 and L2 can be different; alternatively, the values ​​of L1 and L2 can be equal, both L1 and L2 can be 6 mm, or L1 and L2 can be other values.

[0064] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-2 As shown, the end face dimension of the sealing tooth 21 near the end of the sealing body 20 is larger than the end face dimension of the sealing tooth 21 near the end of the rotor 10.

[0065] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-2 As shown, the sealing tooth 21 has a trapezoidal tooth shape. A gap exists between the end face of the sealing tooth 21 near the rotor 10 and the axial outer surface of the rotor 10; this gap is the leakage gap, and its size is typically 0.2–0.5 mm. In this application, the gap can be 0.3 mm.

[0066] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1-2 As shown, within the axial section of the sealing body, the cross-section is approximately I-shaped. The sealing body is the base part of the comb-tooth sealing structure, and it is fixed to the inside of the casing or housing to enhance the strength of the entire sealing structure while ensuring circumferential, axial, and radial positioning. It should be noted that the sealing body can also adopt other installation and limiting methods, which can be flexibly designed according to the specific structure.

[0067] Based on the same inventive concept, this application provides an aircraft engine, including: a toothed sealing structure according to any of the above embodiments or embodiments of this application.

[0068] Based on the same inventive concept, this application provides a launch vehicle, including: a space engine of any of the above embodiments or embodiments of this application.

[0069] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the above-mentioned toothed sealing structure can be used as a key component of high-speed rotating turbine machinery such as the engine, gas turbine, and compressor of a launch vehicle.

[0070] By applying the embodiments of this application, at least the following beneficial effects can be achieved:

[0071] 1. In the comb-tooth sealing structure of this application embodiment, the sealing body 20 is arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor 10. At least two sealing teeth 21 are provided on the inner side of the sealing body 20. Each sealing tooth 21 is arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction of the sealing body 20. The sealing teeth 21 extend into a ring shape along the circumference of the sealing body 20. A sealing cavity 22 is formed between any two adjacent sealing teeth 21. At least one sealing cavity is provided with a blade grid along the axial direction of the sealing body 20. At least two sets of blade grids are provided in each sealing cavity provided with blade grids. Each set of blade grids 23 is distributed along the circumference of the sealing cavity 22 in which it is located. When the high-pressure (fluid) medium flows roughly axially along the sealing body through the leakage gap formed between the end face of the sealing teeth near the rotor and the outer surface of the rotor, the flow area suddenly contracts, forming a high-speed jet that enters the sealing cavity 22 equipped with blades 23. The blades 23 in the sealing cavity 22 guide and interfere with the flow direction of the medium entering the sealing cavity 22, changing the flow field distribution of the medium in the sealing cavity 22. This enhances the turbulence of the medium in the sealing cavity 22 and increases the number of vortices in the sealing cavity 22, allowing the kinetic energy of the medium to be largely converted into heat and dissipated, thereby enhancing the energy dissipation efficiency of the medium. Similarly, the medium enters the sealing cavity 22 further back with decreasing kinetic energy, thereby reducing the leakage of the toothed sealing structure and improving the sealing characteristics of the toothed seal.

[0072] 2. In this embodiment, each of the blades 23 in the set of blades 23 is distributed on different pitch circles in the radial plane of the sealing body 20. Each blade 23 in the set of blades 23 cooperates with the two sealing teeth 21 of its corresponding sealing cavity 22. Any two adjacent blades 23 and the corresponding two sealing teeth 21 form a sub-cavity with open ends. The sub-cavities are connected to form a labyrinthine channel or periodic loop channel that extends radially outward along the sealing body 20 and is closed at the outer end. This channel can guide the incoming medium to change its flow direction multiple times. Each change in the flow direction of the medium will cause a vortex in the medium, thereby changing the flow field distribution of the medium entering the sealing cavity 22. Moreover, a wave of medium flows outward along the labyrinth channel from one end near the rotor 10 to the inner wall of the sealing body 20. After being bounced off the inner wall, it flows in the opposite direction (inward) along the labyrinth channel, forming a countercurrent with the subsequent waves of medium flowing outward along the labyrinth channel from one end near the rotor 10. This increases the number of vortices formed by the medium entering the sealing cavity 22, enhances the turbulence of the medium in the sealing cavity 22, and improves the energy dissipation of the medium. This allows the leaking medium to enter the next sealing cavity with less kinetic energy, thereby improving the sealing characteristics of the toothed sealing structure.

[0073] 3. In this embodiment, the blade cascade 23 has a crescent-shaped cross-section along the axial direction of the sealing body 20, with the concave side of the crescent facing away from the rotor 10. This design of the blade cascade 23 along the axial direction of the sealing body 20 guides the flow direction of the medium entering the sealing cavity 22, changes the flow field distribution of the medium, increases the turbulence of the medium entering the sealing cavity 22, and increases the number of vortices formed by the medium entering the sealing cavity 22. This allows for a greater conversion of the pressure potential energy of the high-pressure medium into heat dissipation, enabling the leaking medium to enter the next sealing cavity with less kinetic energy, thereby reducing the leakage of the toothed sealing structure and improving the sealing characteristics of the toothed seal.

[0074] 4. In this embodiment, the sealing cavity 22 provided with blade cascades 23 includes at least two sets of blade cascades 23 arranged circumferentially along the sealing body 20. The circumferential distance between any two adjacent sets of blade cascades 23 located on the same pitch circle of the radial section of the sealing body 20 is equal. When the angle occupied by all blade cascades 23 located on the same pitch circle of the radial section of the sealing body 20 is known, the position of each blade cascade 23 on the pitch circle can be easily determined, thereby obtaining the installation position of each set of blade cascades 23.

[0075] Those skilled in the art will understand that the steps, measures, and solutions in the various operations, methods, and processes discussed in this application can be alternated, modified, combined, or deleted. Furthermore, other steps, measures, and solutions in the various operations, methods, and processes discussed in this application can also be alternated, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted. Furthermore, steps, measures, and solutions in the prior art that are similar to those disclosed in this application can also be alternated, modified, rearranged, decomposed, combined, or deleted.

[0076] In the description of this application, the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate directions or positional relationships based on the exemplary directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used to facilitate the description or simplification of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0077] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0078] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0079] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0080] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the accompanying drawings are shown sequentially according to the arrows, the order in which these steps are implemented is not limited to the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, in some implementation scenarios of this application, the steps in each process can be executed in other orders as required. Moreover, some or all of the steps in each flowchart may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages based on the actual implementation scenario. Some or all of these sub-steps or stages may be executed at the same time or at different times. In scenarios where the execution times are different, the execution order of these sub-steps or stages can be flexibly configured according to requirements, and this application does not limit this.

[0081] The above description is only a partial implementation of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, other similar implementation methods based on the technical concept of this application, without departing from the technical concept of this application, also fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A toothed sealing structure, characterized in that, include: Rotor; A sealing body is arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor; at least two sealing teeth are provided on the inner side of the sealing body, and the sealing teeth are arranged sequentially at intervals along the axial direction of the sealing body, and the sealing teeth extend into a ring shape along the circumference of the sealing body; a sealing cavity is formed between any two adjacent sealing teeth; at least one sealing cavity is provided with a blade cascade along the axial direction of the sealing body, and at least two sets of blade cascades are provided in each sealing cavity; each set of blade cascades is distributed along the circumference of the sealing cavity in which it is located; the cross section of the blade cascade along the axial direction of the sealing body is crescent-shaped, and the concave side of the crescent shape faces the side away from the rotor.

2. The toothed sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the sealing body, at least two sets of blades are provided in each of the sealing cavities designed at intervals.

3. The toothed sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the blades in a set of blades is alternately arranged on two adjacent sealing teeth in the same sealing cavity along the radial direction of the sealing body.

4. The toothed sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end faces of each blade in a set of blades near the same sealing tooth, when projected onto the same sealing tooth, are staggered by equal angles along the circumference of the sealing body.

5. The toothed sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing cavity provided with the blade cascade includes at least two sets of blade cascades arranged circumferentially along the sealing body, and the circumferential distance between two blade cascades located on the same pitch circle of the radial section of the sealing body in any two adjacent sets of blade cascades is equal.

6. The toothed sealing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Within the radial section of the seal, each of the set of blades occupies an equal angle in its respective pitch circle.

7. The toothed sealing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within the axial section of the sealing body, the radial dimension of the sealing tooth is equal to the axial distance of the ends of two adjacent sealing teeth away from the sealing body.

8. The toothed sealing structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end face dimension of the sealing tooth near the end of the sealing body is larger than the end face dimension of the sealing tooth near the end of the rotor.

9. An aircraft engine, characterized in that, Includes the toothed sealing structure as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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