Railway health monitoring device and method in large wind and sand area

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of big wind sand area railway health monitoring device and method, belong to railway bed sand monitoring equipment field.Spring vibration device and support fixed connection, support and shell are fixedly connected by solid connection screw, LED light emitter and receiving processing device are fixedly connected on shell using the way of cementing, receiving processing device and LED light emitter and mass ball when balanced position are installed on same straight line.Advantages are novel structure, use mechanical spring vibrator as vibration characteristic sensing unit, adapt to the harsh climate conditions of desert, greatly reduce maintenance cost, use photoelectric sensing as the receiving unit of system signal, greatly improve the response speed of the system, easy to operate, strong practicality, can monitor the amount of bed sand, and make early warning to the amount of sand, at the same time, it can bring convenience for railway maintenance and sand cleaning work, can be widely applied in the health monitoring of railway in big wind sand environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of railway track bed sand accumulation monitoring equipment, and particularly relates to a railway health monitoring device and method in areas with strong winds and sandstorms. Background Technology

[0002] Northwest my country is dotted with numerous desert railways, which are frequently threatened by sandstorms. Aeolian sand accumulation can cause the railway track bed to harden, affecting train performance and even burying the rails, leading to train derailments and other accidents. Currently, due to the frequent sandstorms, monitoring the amount of aeolian sand accumulation along these long railway lines remains quite difficult. The main approach currently relies on manual on-site inspections and regular clearing of sand from the desert railway track bed to ensure healthy railway operation. Therefore, for railways in areas severely affected by sandstorms, installing railway health monitoring devices is of great significance for reducing railway maintenance costs and providing early warning of aeolian sand accumulation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a railway health monitoring device and method in areas with severe sandstorms, which is used to monitor sand accumulation on railway track beds in real time and provide early warnings for railway health in areas with severe sandstorms.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: it includes a spring vibration device, a bracket, a housing, an LED emitter, a receiving and processing device, and a fixing screw. The spring vibration device and the bracket are fixedly connected by a base stud and a positioning nut. The bracket and the housing are fixedly connected by the fixing screw. The LED emitter and the receiving and processing device are fixed to the housing by adhesive bonding. The receiving and processing device, the LED emitter, and the mass ball at the equilibrium position are installed on the same straight line to ensure that the light emitted by the emitter can be successfully received by the receiving system when the mass ball is unobstructed.

[0005] The spring vibration device of the present invention includes a mass ball, a spring, a base stud, and a positioning nut, wherein the mass ball is fixedly connected to the top of the spring, the bottom of the spring is fixedly connected to the base stud, and the lower part of the base stud is threadedly connected to the positioning nut.

[0006] The bracket of the present invention includes a base and an upper bracket, with the bottom end of the upper bracket fixedly connected to the base.

[0007] The receiving and processing device described in this invention uses a phototransistor, which converts the received optical signal into indication information or an electrical signal that can be processed by a computer.

[0008] A monitoring method using a railway health monitoring device in a windy and sandy area includes the following steps:

[0009] (1) Fix the entire monitoring device to the sleepers of the monitoring points along the railway line with strong winds and sand by connecting bolts;

[0010] (2) When the train passes by, it causes the mass ball in the spring vibration device to vibrate. At this time, the mass ball deviates from the equilibrium position. The light emitted by the LED is received by the receiving and processing device. After the phototransistor in the receiving and processing device is illuminated, the circuit is turned on and the indicator light flashes. The electrical signal is obtained by the computer through the external circuit and the power-on time is recorded.

[0011] (3) The amount of sand accumulated in the railway track can be determined by the duration of power-on or the flashing duration of the indicator light, so as to achieve real-time monitoring of the sand accumulation inside the railway track.

[0012] In step (3) of this invention, the power-on duration or the flashing duration of the indicator light is:

[0013]

[0014] T – This represents the duration of power-on or indicator light flashing of the monitoring device after the train passes.

[0015] K — the response constant of the monitoring device;

[0016] m — the mass of the system

[0017] m t —Adding mass to the system after sand accumulation.

[0018] The advantages of this invention are its novel structure, using a mechanical spring oscillator as the vibration characteristic sensing unit, adapting to the harsh desert climate conditions, greatly reducing maintenance costs, and using photoelectric sensing as the system signal receiving unit, which greatly improves the system's response speed. When there is sand accumulation in the track, the vibration characteristics of the train passing through change, at which point the added mass m of the entire monitoring device... t The increased vibration causes the entire monitoring device to return to its equilibrium position in a shorter time, thus reducing the flashing time of the indicator lights. This allows for real-time detection of sand accumulation inside the railway track by monitoring changes in the vibration characteristics of the entire system. It is easy to operate, highly practical, and can monitor the amount of sand accumulation on the track bed and provide early warnings. It also facilitates railway maintenance and sand removal. Furthermore, it is easy to operate, low in cost, small in size, easy to implement, can be quickly deployed, and has reliable performance, making it widely applicable to railway health monitoring in windy and sandy environments. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The left view;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Top view;

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The right view;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the force-vibration principle of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spring vibration device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the outer casing of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the LED light emitter of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a circuit diagram of the LED light emitter of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the receiving and processing device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 13 This is a circuit diagram of the receiving and processing device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the external circuit of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the system includes a spring vibration device 1, a bracket 2, a housing 3, an LED emitter 4, a receiving and processing device 5, and a fixing screw 6. The spring vibration device 1 and the bracket 2 are fixedly connected by a base stud 103 and a positioning nut 104. The bracket 2 and the housing 3 are fixedly connected by the fixing screw 6. The LED emitter 4 and the receiving and processing device 5 are fixed to the housing 3 by adhesive bonding. The receiving and processing device 5, the LED emitter 4, and the mass ball 101 at the equilibrium position are installed on the same straight line to ensure that the light emitted by the LED emitter can be successfully received by the receiving system 5 when the mass ball 101 is unobstructed.

[0034] like Figure 7As shown, the spring vibration device 1 includes a mass ball 101, a spring 102, a base stud 103, and a positioning nut 104. The mass ball 101 is fixedly connected to the top of the spring 102, and the bottom of the spring 102 is fixedly connected to the base stud 103. The lower part of the base stud 103 is threadedly connected to the positioning nut 104.

[0035] like Figure 8 As shown, the bracket 2 includes a base 201 and an upper bracket 202. The bottom end of the upper bracket 202 is fixedly connected to the base 201, serving to support the spring vibration device and provide positioning.

[0036] like Figure 9 As shown, the outer casing 3 has two functions: first, to prevent external interference light sources from entering the system; and second, to serve as a support for the LED emitter 4 and the receiving and processing device 5.

[0037] like Figure 10 As shown, the function of LED emitter 4 is to emit constant light, and its light-emitting principle is as follows: Figure 11 As shown, the LED emitter 4 is continuously powered by an external power source from terminal C, causing the LED to emit light and emit light along the direction of the receiving system 5 through its own lampshade.

[0038] like Figure 12 As shown, the function of the receiving and processing device 5 is to convert the received optical signal into indication information or an electrical signal that can be processed by a computer. The working principle of this device is as follows: Figure 13 As shown, when the phototransistor senses the light emitted by LED 4, Figure 13 The photosensitive receiving circuit shown will then conduct, the indicator light will illuminate, and simultaneously, the electrical signal can be output from port B through an external circuit to an external processing computer. The principle of this external circuit is as follows: Figure 14 As shown: When powered on, the electrical signal output from terminal B is amplified, filtered and converted by an A / D converter before entering the computer. The computer stores and records the vibration characteristics of the entire train passing by, and thus determines the thickness of the sand accumulation on the railway track bed by the duration of circuit conduction.

[0039] A monitoring method using a railway health monitoring device in a windy and sandy area includes the following steps:

[0040] (1) When in use, the entire monitoring device is fixed to the sleepers 7 of the monitoring points along the railway line with large wind and sand by the connecting bolt group 8. The connecting sleepers 7 do not belong to the entire monitoring device, but serve as the base for installing the railway health monitoring device. The LED emitter 4 is continuously powered by the external power supply (standard 5V) from the C end, and the receiving and processing system 5 is continuously powered by the A end.

[0041] (2) such as Figure 6As shown, when the train passes, it causes the spring vibration device 1 in the monitoring device to vibrate. The force on the entire monitoring device can be expressed as:

[0042]

[0043] Where m is the mass of the system, c is the system damping, and k is the system stiffness, when the mass sphere 101 moves relative to the sleeper, the relative displacement of the mass sphere is: z 01 = z0 - z1, so the response of the entire device is:

[0044]

[0045] Its frequency response H(ω) and amplitude-frequency characteristic A(ω) are respectively: ω

[0046]

[0047]

[0048] In the formula:

[0049] ζ — System damping ratio ω — System response frequency;

[0050] ω n —System's inherent frequency,

[0051] At this time, because the mass ball 101 deviates from its equilibrium position, the light emitted by the LED emitter 4 is captured by the receiving and processing device 5. At this point, the phototransistor (such as...) in the receiving and processing device 5... Figure 13 When exposed to light, the circuit is activated, and its indicator light flashes; simultaneously, the activated electrical signal passes through an external circuit (such as...). Figure 14 The computer then captured the data and recorded the duration of power-on.

[0052] (3) When sand accumulates on the railway, the vibration characteristics of the entire device change, and this change can be expressed by the following formula:

[0053]

[0054] —The natural frequency of the system after sand accumulation;

[0055] m t —Additional mass of the system after sand accumulation.

[0056] The vibration characteristics of a train change when sand accumulates in the track. This is the additional mass m of the entire monitoring device. tA sharp increase in voltage will cause the system's natural frequency to decrease. Based on the system's amplitude-frequency characteristics, the entire monitoring system can return to its equilibrium position within a short time. Therefore, the flashing duration of the indicator lights will decrease. The amount of sand accumulated in the railway track can be determined by the duration of power-on or the flashing duration of the indicator lights.

[0057]

[0058] T — Duration of indicator light flashing on the monitoring device after the train passes;

[0059] K—Response constant of the monitoring device;

[0060] m t —Additional mass of the system after sand accumulation.

[0061] By monitoring the changes in the vibration characteristics of the entire device and the duration of the flashing of the indicator light on the receiving system 5, real-time monitoring of sand accumulation inside the railway track can be achieved.

[0062] One advantage of this invention is its rapid installation and ease of relocation. When retrieving the device, simply unscrew the connecting bolts and retrieve the monitoring device. Installation can be performed by reversing these steps. A second advantage is its high reliability and interchangeability. Since the vibration sensing element is a mechanical spring oscillator system, railway health monitoring in different regions only requires replacing the mass balls with those of different materials. Furthermore, this invention is not limited to railway health monitoring in windy and sandy areas; health monitoring of other railway subgrades can also be performed using the technical solution provided by this invention.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the health of a railway in a windy and sandy area, characterized in that: The spring vibration device, the support, the shell, the LED light emitter, the receiving and processing device and the fixing screw are connected, the spring vibration device and the support are fixedly connected through the base stud and the positioning nut, the support and the shell are fixedly connected through the fixing screw, the LED light emitter and the receiving and processing device are fixedly connected on the shell by means of gluing, the receiving and processing device, the LED light emitter and the mass ball in the balanced position are arranged on the same straight line, and the light emitted by the light emitter can be smoothly received by the receiving system when the mass ball is not shielded. The spring vibration device comprises a mass ball, a spring, a base stud and a positioning nut, the mass ball is fixedly connected to the top of the spring, the bottom of the spring is fixedly connected with the base stud, and the lower part of the base stud is threadedly connected with the positioning nut. The receiving and processing device is used for converting the received light signal into an indicating information or a computer processable electric signal.

2. The health monitoring device for railway in large sandstorm area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support comprises a base and an upper support, and the bottom end of the upper support is fixedly connected with the base.

3. The health monitoring device for railway in large sandstorm area according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving and processing device adopts a photosensitive triode.

4. The monitoring method using the device for monitoring the health of a railway in a large sandstorm area according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) the whole monitoring device is fixed on the sleeper of the monitoring point along the railway line with wind sand through the connecting bolt group; (2) when the train passes, the mass ball in the spring vibration device is vibrated, at this time, the mass ball deviates from the balanced position, the light emitted by the LED light emitter is received by the receiving and processing device, the photosensitive triode in the receiving and processing device is irradiated, the circuit is turned on, the indicating lamp flashes, the electric signal is acquired by the computer through the external circuit, and the power-on duration is recorded; (3) the sand accumulation amount in the railway track is judged by means of the power-on duration or the flashing duration of the indicating lamp, and the real-time monitoring of the sand accumulation condition in the railway track is achieved.

5. The monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (3), the power-on duration or the flashing duration of the indicating lamp is: ； - monitoring the length of time the device is powered on or the length of time the indicator light is on after the train has passed; - for monitoring the response constant of the device; - the quality of the system; - adds mass to the sand-accumulating system.

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