Apparatus and method for evaluating thermal acoustic light characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in deep water horizontal well

Abstract

The application provides an experimental device and method for evaluating the thermal acoustic and optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in a deep water horizontal well, wherein a cylindrical cavity is arranged in the reaction kettle, an end cover is arranged at the right opening, a sound wave test rod is arranged at the center of the end cover, an upper liquid inlet and an upper gas inlet and outlet are arranged at the upper part, a lower gas inlet is arranged at the lower part, a reaction kettle jacket is arranged on the outer wall, a drilling fluid flow simulation device and a gas invasion simulation device are arranged in the reaction kettle, and transparent windows are arranged on the front and rear sidewalls; a gas source is connected with the upper liquid inlet, the upper gas inlet and outlet and the lower gas inlet, a pressurizing module is connected with the reaction kettle, a temperature test module comprises a plurality of temperature sensors, a sound wave test module comprises sound wave emitting devices and sound wave receiving devices arranged on the left and right sides of the reaction kettle, sound wave emitting probes and sound wave receiving probes connected with the left and right sidewalls of the reaction kettle are arranged on the left and right sidewalls of the reaction kettle, and the sound wave receiving device is arranged on the sound wave test rod; an optical test module comprises optical emitting devices and optical receiving devices arranged outside the two transparent windows.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate and oil and gas development, and particularly relates to an experimental device and method for evaluating thermal acoustic optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid of a deepwater horizontal well. BACKGROUND

[0002] Natural gas hydrate is widely distributed in the ocean continental margin and is considered as a clean energy with the greatest potential to replace conventional oil and gas in the 21st century. However, during the drilling of a horizontal well in a marine hydrate formation, the free gas in the formation around the horizontal well and the gas produced by the decomposition of hydrate in the cuttings or the well wall during the drilling of the hydrate formation may invade the drilling fluid in the horizontal well in different ways and at different rates, thereby affecting the density, rheological properties and other properties of the drilling fluid. Moreover, when the temperature and pressure conditions in the horizontal well reach the formation conditions of hydrate, the hydrate phase transition phenomenon of nucleation, growth and aggregation of hydrate may occur in the drilling fluid in the well. The above-mentioned situations will affect the safety of drilling to different degrees, and especially when a typhoon or other extreme situation occurs and the drilling is stopped for a long time, the safety risk of drilling will greatly increase with the increase of the possibility of hydrate formation in the well.

[0003] For the normal drilling and abnormal drilling of a horizontal well, the bottom hole drilling fluid circulation (static or flow) and the gas invasion (decomposition gas of hydrate in the cuttings or the formation or free gas in the formation around the well entering the well in different ways and at different rates) directly affect the heat and mass transfer process between the drilling fluid itself and the formation around the well wall, and further affect the heat and mass transfer process accompanied by the hydrate phase transition. At the same time, the occurrence of the above-mentioned complex heat and mass transfer process will cause the properties of the drilling fluid such as density, temperature, absorbance and viscosity to change with time and space, which makes the drilling fluid show dynamic macroscopic characteristics such as heat transfer, acoustics and optics. Therefore, further understanding of the heat transfer, acoustic and optical macroscopic characteristics of the drilling fluid under the corresponding conditions will help better understand the heat and mass transfer process accompanied by the drilling fluid at the bottom of the horizontal well before, during and after the formation of hydrate, and further lay a foundation for revealing the microcosmic internal mechanism.

[0004] At present, for the potential safety risk of the above-mentioned horizontal well bottom caused by hydrate phase transition, the domestic relevant research staff mainly studies and evaluates it through macroscopic experimental tests such as hydrate inhibition of marine hydrate drilling fluid, rheological property of drilling fluid containing hydrate particles, acoustic characteristics of drilling fluid, combined with theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of well temperature field and numerical simulation of hydrate formation in the well. The existing related researches often have limitations such as lack of drilling fluid thermal physical parameters and few temperature measurement points in the kettle, and the way of realizing the decomposition gas of drilling cuttings or hydrate in the formation and the free gas in the formation into the horizontal well is relatively single and not close enough. At present, there is no related research on the synchronous test of the corresponding heat transfer, acoustic and optical characteristics of drilling fluid by comprehensive heat transfer, acoustic and optical experimental methods.

[0005] During the actual deepwater horizontal well drilling process, the drilling fluid in the well is often in a complex state under the combined action of the above-mentioned multiple conditions, and the heat and mass transfer process and mechanism accompanied by the hydrate phase transition have not been completely understood. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the length of the stirring rod, the type and size of the stirring blade, the rotation rate of the drilling fluid circulation simulation device, and the gas injection method and rate of the gas injection simulation device from the aspects of drilling fluid circulation (static or flow) and gas invasion (gas entering from the bottom and top of the horizontal well bore in a single or double passage way at a certain rate), to develop related evaluation devices for the heat exchange process between the drilling fluid and the surrounding environment before, during and after the formation of hydrate, to further understand the heat and mass transfer process and mechanism accompanied by the formation of hydrate in the horizontal well drilling fluid from the three key aspects of heat transfer, acoustic and optical, to provide basic experimental data support for the prediction of well temperature field and hydrate formation and logging operation in the deepwater horizontal well drilling process, and to better prevent and control the related potential risks in the process of marine natural gas hydrate and oil and gas exploration and development. SUMMARY

[0006] Therefore, in order to solve the problem of evaluating the heat transfer, acoustic and optical characteristics of drilling fluid under the condition of gas invasion and potential hydrate formation in deepwater horizontal well drilling, especially for different stirring rod length, stirring blade type and size, and rotation rate of the drilling fluid flow simulation device, and different gas injection method and rate of the gas injection simulation device, and considering the synchronous test and evaluation of the heat transfer, acoustic and optical characteristics of the drilling fluid, the embodiments of the present application provide a test device and method for evaluating the heat, acoustic and optical characteristics of deepwater horizontal well gas invasion drilling fluid.

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide an experimental device for evaluating the heat, acoustic and optical characteristics of deepwater horizontal well gas invasion drilling fluid, comprising:

[0008] The reaction kettle is internally provided with a cylindrical cavity for storing drilling fluid, the cylindrical cavity is transversely arranged, the right side of the reaction kettle is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with an end cover for covering the opening, a quantitative acoustic testing rod is threadedly connected to the center of the end cover, the upper part of the reaction kettle is provided with an upper liquid inlet and an upper gas inlet and outlet, the lower part is provided with a lower gas inlet, the outer wall of the reaction kettle is provided with a reaction kettle jacket, the reaction kettle is internally provided with a drilling fluid flow simulation device and a gas invasion simulation device to adjust the drilling fluid flow and gas invasion state, the top end of the reaction kettle is provided with an inlet, the drilling fluid flow simulation device is arranged on the axis of the inlet and extends from the outside of the inlet into the cylindrical cavity, the gas invasion simulation device is transversely arranged on the inner wall of the reaction kettle, and the front and rear walls of the reaction kettle are both provided with corresponding transparent windows;

[0009] A gas source is connected with the upper liquid inlet, the upper gas inlet and outlet and the lower gas inlet respectively, the gas source passes through the gas invasion simulation device, the upper gas inlet and outlet and the lower gas inlet are used for introducing gas into the drilling fluid in the reaction kettle and are connected with the gas invasion simulation device to simulate the decomposition gas of the hydrate in the drilling cuttings or the formation and the invasion of the free gas around the well;

[0010] A pressurizing module is connected with the reaction kettle to pressurize the reaction kettle;

[0011] A temperature testing module includes a plurality of temperature sensors, and the plurality of temperature sensors are arranged at different positions in the vertical and horizontal radial directions of each vertical section on the left and right sides of the reaction kettle respectively to test the temperatures of different positions of the vertical section near the drilling bit and the simulated well bottom;

[0012] An acoustic testing module includes an acoustic emission device and an acoustic receiving device, and is arranged at the center positions on the left and right sides of the reaction kettle respectively to test the acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation through the drilling fluid, the left and right side walls of the reaction kettle are respectively provided with an acoustic emission probe and an acoustic receiving probe, the acoustic emission device is connected with the acoustic emission probe, the acoustic receiving device is connected with the acoustic receiving probe, and the acoustic receiving device is arranged on the acoustic testing rod;

[0013] An optical testing module includes an optical emission device and an optical receiving device, and is arranged outside the two transparent windows respectively to test the optical absorbance through the drilling fluid.

[0014] Further, a buffer tank is arranged between the gas source and the reaction kettle, and the gas source is sequentially connected with the buffer tank, the upper liquid inlet, the upper gas inlet and outlet and the lower gas inlet through pipelines;

[0015] The first pipeline is provided between the gas source and the buffer tank, the first pipeline is provided with a first pressure gauge and a first needle valve, and the buffer tank is provided with a second pressure gauge;

[0016] The second pipeline and the first branch are provided between the buffer tank and the upper inlet and outlet gas port, the second pipeline is provided with a second needle valve and a first pressure regulating valve, and the first branch is sequentially provided with a third needle valve, a second pressure regulating valve and a fourth needle valve;

[0017] The second branch is provided between the buffer tank and the lower gas inlet, the two ends of the second branch are connected with the second pipeline and the lower gas inlet respectively, and the second branch is provided with a fifth needle valve, a third pressure regulating valve and a one-way valve.

[0018] Further, the circulating bath tank and the buffer tank jacket are further included, the buffer tank jacket is sleeved on the outer wall of the buffer tank, the buffer tank jacket is connected with the circulating bath tank through a third pipeline and a fourth pipeline to form a first circulating pipeline, and the reaction kettle jacket is connected with the circulating bath tank through a fifth pipeline and a sixth pipeline to form a second circulating pipeline.

[0019] Further, the high and low temperature constant temperature box is further included, and the buffer tank and the reaction kettle are arranged in the high and low temperature constant temperature box.

[0020] Further, the pressurizing module includes a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is communicated with the upper inlet and outlet gas port through a seventh pipeline, a sixth needle valve is arranged at the position where the seventh pipeline is connected with the vacuum pump, a back pressure valve is arranged at the end of the first pipeline away from the vacuum pump, and a seventh needle valve is arranged at the end of the seventh pipeline close to the back pressure valve.

[0021] Further, the gas invasion simulation device is composed of an outer thin-walled pipe, a middle thin-walled pipe and an inner thin-sieve pipe which are sleeved in sequence, the gas invasion simulation device is provided with a butt joint interface at the corresponding positions of the upper inlet and outlet gas port, the lower gas inlet and the two transparent windows, a sealing ring is sleeved on the butt joint interface, and a hole is formed at the corresponding position of the gas invasion simulation device and the drilling fluid flow simulation device, and a thin slit is formed from the left end of the hole to the corresponding position of the drilling fluid flow simulation device, so that the gas invasion simulation device and the reaction kettle are sealingly connected.

[0022] The outer thin-walled pipe is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity, the outer thin-walled pipe and the middle thin-walled pipe form a closed annular space, a plurality of air inlets are arranged on the middle thin-walled pipe in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, the inner thin-sieve pipe is arranged on the inner side of the middle thin-walled pipe, and the inner thin-sieve pipe is provided with meshes.

[0023] Further, the two transparent windows are cylindrical transparent windows protruding from the reactor, and collimating mirrors are respectively arranged outside the two transparent windows.

[0024] Further, the stirring rod of the drilling fluid flow simulation device extends from the inlet at the top end of the reactor into the cylindrical cavity, the length of the stirring rod extending into the cylindrical cavity ranges from 10mm to (1 / 2 of the radius of the cylindrical cavity - 25mm), the type of stirring blade includes two-blade, three-blade, four-blade, or multi-blade inclined paddle, straight paddle or turbine, the rotating radius of the stirring blade ranges from 1 / 5 to 3 / 5 of the radius of the cylindrical cavity, and the rotating speed of the drilling fluid flow simulation device ranges from 0 to 3000r / min.

[0025] Further, a data acquisition system is further included, the upper inlet and outlet are provided with a pressure sensor, four and eight temperature sensors are respectively arranged at different positions in the vertical or horizontal radial direction of the end cover on the right side of the reactor and the fixed end surface on the left side in the reactor, and the data acquisition system is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the temperature sensors and the drilling fluid flow simulation device.

[0026] The application further provides an experimental method for evaluating the thermal acoustic optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in a deep water horizontal well, which uses the experimental device for evaluating the thermal acoustic optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in a deep water horizontal well and comprises the following steps:

[0027] S1, according to the simulated drilling fluid flow condition at the bottom of a horizontal well and the gas invasion condition around the well wall, the gas invasion simulation device composed of the outer thin-walled pipe, the middle thin-walled pipe with corresponding interval distance and gas inlet size, and the inner thin-screen pipe with corresponding mesh size is configured in an equivalent design mode, the length of the stirring rod of the drilling fluid flow simulation device, the type and size of the stirring blade, and the rotating speed are configured in an equivalent design mode, and the drilling fluid to be tested is loaded into the reactor through the upper liquid inlet at the top of the reactor.

[0028] S2, the temperature in the reactor is adjusted to a set temperature through the reactor jacket, and the pressure in the reactor is adjusted to a set pressure by introducing gas into the reactor through the upper gas inlet and outlet at the top of the reactor through the pressurizing module.

[0029] S3, according to the simulated drilling fluid flow condition at the bottom of a horizontal well and the gas invasion condition around the well wall, the corresponding rotating speed of the drilling fluid flow simulation device is set to simulate the drilling fluid flow condition at the bottom of the well, and the gas source is started to introduce gas into the drilling fluid through the gas invasion simulation device in the reactor cavity through the upper gas inlet and outlet at the top of the reactor and the lower gas inlet at the bottom of the reactor.

[0030] S4, measuring the temperature of the drilling fluid at different positions in the vertical and horizontal radial directions near the left fixed end face in the reactor and at different positions in the vertical radial direction near the end cover on the right side in the reactor by the temperature testing module; for the drilling fluid at a certain temperature and pressure in the reactor, based on the accurate quantitative feeding of the acoustic testing rod, the acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation of the drilling fluid between the acoustic emission probe at the center of the left fixed end face in the reactor and the acoustic reception probe on the testing rod at the center of the end cover on the right side in the reactor can be tested by the acoustic testing module under the condition of a certain distance and a plurality of given change distances between the two probes; at the same time, under the same conditions, the optical absorbance of the drilling fluid between the inner walls of the transparent windows on the front and back sides of the reactor simulating the well wall can be tested by the optical testing module.

[0031] The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The experimental device for evaluating the thermal, acoustic and optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in a deep water horizontal well of the present application can simulate the heat exchange process between the drilling fluid and the surrounding environment under different temperatures, pressures, stirring rod lengths, stirring blade types and sizes of the drilling fluid flow simulation device, and rotary rates, and the gas invasion simulation device can simulate the gas invasion from the bottom and top of the horizontal wellbore in a single or double passway and at a certain rate, and the heat exchange process (for the three cases of before, during and after the formation of hydrates in the drilling fluid) can be simulated, and the temperature data and horizontal axial acoustic data of a plurality of measuring points near the left fixed end face and the end cover on the right side in the reactor and the horizontal radial optical data of the transparent windows on the front and back sides of the reactor can be synchronously tested, the heat transfer, acoustic and optical characteristics of the deep water drilling fluid under the three conditions of before, during and after the formation of hydrates can be evaluated, the relationship between the heat transfer, acoustic and optical characteristics of the drilling fluid and the formation process of hydrates can be further understood and known, the ability of the drilling fluid to inhibit the formation and aggregation of hydrates can be evaluated, and the related treatment agents and hydrate inhibitors of the drilling fluid can be optimized.

[0033] 2. The temperature and pressure in the reactor, the stirring rod length, the stirring blade type and size of the drilling fluid flow simulation device, and the rotary rate and the gas invasion simulation device can be adjusted and controlled, and the corresponding gas invasion simulation device composed of an outer thin-walled pipe, a middle thin-walled pipe (a gas inlet hole with a certain size is arranged at a certain interval distance in the circumferential and axial directions) and an inner thin screen pipe (a screen pipe with a certain mesh size) can be configured to simulate the gas invasion simulation device according to the simulated gas invasion condition of the horizontal well drilling well wall, the experiment has strong repeatability, the system structure is simple and reliable, the operation is convenient, and the system can be repeatedly used.

[0034] 3. The drilling fluid system design and optimization suitable for natural gas hydrate formation drilling, frozen soil drilling and offshore drilling, and the evaluation of potential hydrate formation risk, can also provide basic experimental data support for the related research and application of wellbore temperature field and hydrate formation prediction and logging operation during deepwater horizontal well drilling, which has important economic and social benefits for the exploration and development of unconventional natural gas hydrate resources and conventional oil and gas resources in China. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the experimental device for evaluating the thermal acoustic optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in deepwater horizontal wells provided by the application;

[0036] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the reaction kettle in Figure 1 ;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the A-A section in Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the B-B section in Figure 2 .

[0039] In the figure: 1 first pressure gauge, 2 first needle valve, 3 second pressure gauge, 4 second needle valve, 5 first pressure regulating valve, 6 third pressure regulating valve, 7 fifth needle valve, 8 third needle valve, 9 upper liquid inlet, 10 second pressure regulating valve, 11 fourth needle valve, 12 sixth needle valve, 13 vacuum pump, 14 drilling fluid flow simulation device, 15 pressure sensor, 16 upper gas inlet and outlet, 17 reaction kettle jacket, 18 reaction kettle, 19 end cover, 20 seventh needle valve, 21 back pressure valve, 22 ninth temperature sensor, 23 tenth temperature sensor, 24 eleventh temperature sensor, 25 twelfth temperature sensor, 26 acoustic test rod, 27 gas source, 28 buffer tank jacket, 29 buffer tank, 30 acoustic emission device, 31 acoustic emission probe, 32 circulating bath box, 33 first temperature sensor, 34 second temperature sensor, 35 third temperature sensor, 36 fourth temperature sensor, 37 fifth temperature sensor, 38 sixth temperature sensor, 39 seventh temperature sensor, 40 eighth temperature sensor, 41 optical emission device, 42 first collimating mirror, 43 first sealing ring, 44 first transparent window, 45 second transparent window, 46 second sealing ring, 47 second collimating mirror, 48 optical receiving device, 49 one-way valve, 50 eighth needle valve, 51 lower gas inlet, 52 gas invasion simulation device, 53 outer thin-walled tube, 54 middle thin-walled tube, 55 inner thin-walled screen pipe, 56 acoustic receiving probe, 57 acoustic receiving device, 58 high and low temperature constant temperature oven, 59 data acquisition system, p1 first pipeline, p2 second pipeline, p201 first branch, p202 second branch, p3 third pipeline, p4 fourth pipeline, p5 fifth pipeline, p6 sixth pipeline, p7 seventh pipeline, p8 eighth pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the embodiments of the present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0041] Reference should be made to Figures 1-4As shown, the embodiment of the present application provides an experimental device for evaluating the thermal acoustic and optical properties of gas invasion drilling fluid in deep water horizontal wells, which comprises a reaction kettle 18, a gas source 27, a pressurizing module, a temperature testing module, an acoustic testing module and an optical testing module. The reaction kettle 18 is internally provided with a cylindrical cavity for storing drilling fluid, the cylindrical cavity is transversely arranged, the right side of the reaction kettle 18 is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with an end cap 19 for covering the opening, wherein the end cap 19 and the reaction kettle 18 at the opening are connected and sealed by threads, the center of the end cap 19 is threadedly connected with a quantitative acoustic testing rod 26, the upper part of the reaction kettle 18 is provided with an upper liquid inlet 9 and an upper gas inlet and outlet 16, and the lower part is provided with a lower gas inlet 51, the outer wall of the reaction kettle 18 is provided with a reaction kettle jacket 17, the reaction kettle jacket 17 exchanges heat with the reaction kettle 18, thereby adjusting the temperature in the reaction kettle 18. The reaction kettle 18 is internally provided with a drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 and a gas invasion simulation device 52 to adjust the drilling fluid flow and gas invasion state, the top end of the reaction kettle 18 is provided with an inlet, the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 is arranged on the axis of the inlet and extends from the outside of the inlet to the cylindrical cavity, the gas invasion simulation device 52 is transversely arranged on the inner wall of the reaction kettle 18, and after estimating the drilling fluid flow rate according to the actual parameters such as the drilling pump capacity in the horizontal well and the size of the drilling tool, the length of the stirring rod of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14, the type and size of the stirring blade and the rotation rate thereof are designed and configured.

[0042] Specifically, the stirring rod of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 52 extends from the inlet outside the top end of the reaction kettle 18 to the cylindrical cavity, the length of the stirring rod extending into the cylindrical cavity ranges from 10mm to (1 / 2cylindrical cavity radius-25mm), the type of the stirring blade includes two-blade, three-blade, four-blade or multi-blade inclined paddle, straight paddle or turbine type, the rotation radius of the stirring blade ranges from 1 / 5 to 3 / 5 of the cylindrical cavity radius, and the rotation rate of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 52 ranges from 0 to 3000r / min.

[0043] The gas source 27 is connected with the upper liquid inlet 9, the upper gas inlet and outlet 16 and the lower gas inlet 51 respectively, and the gas source 27 passes through the gas invasion simulation device 52. The upper gas inlet and outlet 16 and the lower gas inlet 51 are used for introducing gas into the drilling fluid in the reaction kettle 18, and are connected with the gas invasion simulation device 52. By adjusting the opening and closing of the first branch p201 and the second branch p202, the gas can enter the reaction kettle from the bottom and the top in a single passage or a double passage mode. By adjusting the second pressure regulating valve 10 and the third pressure regulating valve 6 of the second pipeline p2, the first branch p201 and the second branch p202, and adjusting the interval distance and the hole size of the gas inlet hole on the thin-walled pipe 54 in the gas invasion simulation device 52 and the mesh size of the inner thin-walled pipe, the corresponding gas inlet rate of the top and the bottom of the reaction kettle 18 can be controlled, and the conditions that the decomposition gas of hydrate in the drilling cuttings or the formation and the free gas around the well invade the well in different ways and at different rates can be simulated. The pressurizing module is connected with the reaction kettle 18 to pressurize the reaction kettle 18. The temperature test module includes a plurality of temperature sensors. The plurality of temperature sensors are respectively arranged at different positions in the vertical or horizontal radial direction of the end cover 19 on the right side of the reaction kettle 18 and the fixed end surface on the left side, and are respectively provided with four temperature sensors 22, 23, 24 and 25 and eight temperature sensors 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40, which are used for testing the temperature of the vertical section near the bottom of the well and the drill bit.

[0044] The acoustic wave test module includes an acoustic wave emitting device 30 and an acoustic wave receiving device 57, which are respectively arranged at the center positions on the left and right sides of the reaction kettle 18, and are used for testing the acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation through the drilling fluid. The left and right side walls of the reaction kettle 18 are respectively provided with an acoustic wave emitting probe 31 and an acoustic wave receiving probe 56. The acoustic wave emitting device 30 is connected with the acoustic wave emitting probe 31, the acoustic wave receiving device 57 is connected with the acoustic wave receiving probe 56, and the acoustic wave receiving device 57 is arranged on the acoustic wave test rod 26.

[0045] The acoustic wave test module tests the acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation through the drilling fluid. The acoustic wave test rod 26 is connected with the end cover 19 on the right side of the reaction kettle 18 through threads. The acoustic wave test rod 26 can be quantitatively fed in a screw manner to adjust the distance between the acoustic wave emitting probe 31 and the acoustic wave receiving probe 56. For the drilling fluid in the reaction kettle 18 under a certain temperature and pressure, the acoustic wave emitting probe 31 and the acoustic wave receiving probe 56 can respectively emit and receive acoustic waves. At the same time, the acoustic wave test rod 26 is adjusted to realize the quantitative feeding of the acoustic wave receiving probe 56. The acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation of the drilling fluid can be accurately tested under the condition that the two probes are at a certain distance and a plurality of given variable distances.

[0046] The optical testing module includes optical emitting device 41 and optical receiving device 48, which are arranged outside the two transparent windows for testing the optical absorbance of the drilling fluid. Specifically, the axes of the two cylindrical transparent windows coincide and the horizontal diameters on the vertical section of the inner cavity of the reactor 18 along the axis coincide, and the two transparent windows are cylindrical transparent windows protruding from the reactor 18, and the two transparent windows are respectively sealed with a collimating mirror. The front and rear transparent windows can be divided into a first transparent window 44 and a second transparent window 45, and the corresponding collimating mirrors are a first collimating mirror 42 and a second collimating mirror 47, which are respectively sleeved with a first sealing ring 43 and a second sealing ring 46. For the drilling fluid in the reactor 18 at a certain temperature and pressure, the first sealing ring 43 and the second sealing ring 46 can be used to fix the first collimating mirror 42 and the second collimating mirror 47 respectively and isolate the external air from entering the gap between them and the first transparent window 44 and the second transparent window 45 respectively, so as to avoid the influence of window observation due to water vapor condensation, and then the optical emitting device 41 and the optical receiving device 48 can be used to emit and receive optical signals respectively, so as to realize accurate testing of the corresponding optical absorbance of the drilling fluid in the reactor 18.

[0047] Further, a buffer tank 29 is arranged between the gas source 27 and the reactor 18, and the gas source 27 is connected to the buffer tank 29, the upper liquid inlet 9, the upper gas inlet and outlet 16 and the lower gas inlet 51 in sequence through pipelines.

[0048] Specifically, a first pipeline p1 is arranged between the gas source 27 and the buffer tank 29, the first pipeline p1 is provided with a first pressure gauge 1 and a first needle valve 2, and the buffer tank 29 is provided with a second pressure gauge 3; a second pipeline p2 and a first branch p201 are arranged between the buffer tank 29 and the upper gas inlet and outlet 16, the second pipeline p2 is provided with a second needle valve 4 and a first pressure regulating valve 5, and the first branch p201 is sequentially provided with a third needle valve 8, a second pressure regulating valve 10 and a fourth needle valve 11; a second branch p202 is arranged between the buffer tank 29 and the lower gas inlet 51, both ends of the second branch p202 are connected to the second pipeline p2 and the lower gas inlet 51 respectively, and the second branch p202 is provided with a fifth needle valve 7, a third pressure regulating valve 6 and a one-way valve 49.

[0049] The gas source 27 is a gas tank, which stores gas such as methane, and the gas in the tank is first delivered to the buffer tank 29, and then enters the reactor 18 through the lower gas inlet 51 and the upper gas inlet and outlet 16. According to the actual simulation of gas invasion, the third needle valve 8, the second pressure regulating valve 10, the fourth needle valve 11, the fifth needle valve 7, the third pressure regulating valve 6, and the one-way valve 49 are adjusted to control the opening and closing of the second branch p202 and the first branch p201, so that the gas can enter the reactor 18 in a single or double passage mode. At the same time, the first pressure regulating valve 5, the second pressure regulating valve 10, and the third pressure regulating valve 6 are adjusted, and the gas invasion simulation device 52 with different interval distances and hole sizes of the gas inlet hole and the inner layer thin sieve pipe 55 with different mesh sizes is configured, so that the gas can be delivered into the reactor 18 through the second branch p202 and the first branch p201 at different rates, and the conditions of the decomposition gas of hydrate in the drilling cuttings or the formation and the free gas in the formation invading the well at different rates and in different ways can be simulated.

[0050] Further, the circulating bath box 32 and the buffer tank jacket 28 are further included, the buffer tank jacket 28 is sleeved on the outer wall of the buffer tank 29, the buffer tank jacket 28 is connected with the circulating bath box 32 through the third pipeline p3 and the fourth pipeline p4 to form a first circulating pipeline, and the reactor jacket 17 is connected with the circulating bath box 32 through the fifth pipeline p5 and the sixth pipeline p6 to form a second circulating pipeline. The constant-temperature liquid in the circulating bath box 32 continuously exchanges heat with the buffer tank 29, so that the gas in the buffer tank 29 is kept at a constant temperature, and then the temperature of the gas delivered into the reactor 18 is equal to the temperature of the drilling fluid in the reactor 18.

[0051] In the embodiment, the circulating bath box 32 is arranged to circulate and deliver the constant-temperature liquid into the buffer tank jacket 28 and the reactor jacket 17 through the first circulating pipeline and the second circulating pipeline respectively, so that the buffer tank 29 and the reactor 18 are kept at a constant temperature.

[0052] In addition, in order to ensure that the temperature in the reactor 18 is consistent with the temperature of the output gas in the buffer tank 29, the embodiment further comprises a high and low temperature constant-temperature box 58, and the buffer tank 29 and the reactor 18 are arranged in the high and low temperature constant-temperature box 58.

[0053] Specifically, the pressurizing module comprises a vacuum pump 13, the vacuum pump 13 is communicated with the upper inlet and outlet port 16 through a seventh pipeline p7, a sixth needle valve 12 is arranged at the connection between the seventh pipeline p7 and the vacuum pump 13, a back pressure valve 21 is arranged at the end of the first pipeline p1 away from the vacuum pump 13, and a seventh needle valve 20 is arranged at the end of the seventh pipeline p7 close to the back pressure valve 21. The vacuum pump 13 can be used to pump the reaction kettle 18 to be vacuumized, and the back pressure valve 21 can be used to release the pressure in the reaction kettle 18. A pressure sensor 15 is arranged at the upper part of the reaction kettle 18 to monitor the pressure in the reaction kettle 18.

[0054] The gas source 27 can sequentially pass through the first pipeline p1, the buffer tank 29, the second pipeline p2, the first pressure regulating valve 5, the first branch p201, the second pressure regulating valve 10, and the upper inlet and outlet port 16 to pressurize the reaction kettle 18. The gas source 27 can also sequentially pass through the first pipeline p1, the buffer tank 29, the second pipeline p2, the first pressure regulating valve 5, the second branch p202, and the third pressure regulating valve 6 to pressurize the reaction kettle 18 through the lower inlet port 51. That is, after the reaction kettle 18 is pumped to be vacuumized by the vacuum pump 13, the reaction kettle 18 can be pressurized by introducing pressurized gas into the reaction kettle 18 through the upper inlet and outlet port 16 through the first branch p201, and pressurized gas can also be introduced into the reaction kettle 18 through the lower inlet port 51 through the second branch p202 to pressurize the reaction kettle 18 to simulate different pressure environments.

[0055] It is worth noting that the lower inlet port 51 of the reaction kettle 18 is connected with an eighth pipeline p8, the eighth pipeline p8 is provided with an eighth needle valve 50, and after the experiment is completed and the pressure in the reaction kettle 18 is reduced to normal pressure, the eighth needle valve 50 can be opened to discharge the drilling fluid through the eighth pipeline p8.

[0056] Specifically, the gas invasion simulation device 52 is composed of an outer thin-walled pipe 53, a middle thin-walled pipe 54 and an inner thin-walled screen pipe 55 which are sequentially sleeved, can be put into the cylindrical cavity from the right opening of the reaction kettle 18, and is provided with a corresponding docking interface at the corresponding positions of the upper inlet and outlet port 16, the lower inlet port 51, the first transparent window 44 and the second transparent window 45, respectively. The docking interface is provided with a sealing ring, and the gas invasion simulation device 52 is provided with an opening at the corresponding position of the upper liquid inlet 9 and the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 and a thin slit at the left end to the corresponding position of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14, so as to realize the sealed docking of the gas invasion simulation device 52 and the reaction kettle 18, and facilitate the installation of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 and the gas invasion simulation device 52.

[0057] The outer thin-walled pipe 53 is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity, the outer thin-walled pipe 53 and the middle thin-walled pipe 54 form a closed annular space, the middle thin-walled pipe 54 is arranged in a circumferential and axial interval with a plurality of gas inlet holes, the inner thin-walled pipe 55 is arranged on the inner side of the middle thin-walled pipe 54, the inner thin-walled pipe 55 is provided with mesh, the interval distance of the gas inlet hole on the middle thin-walled pipe 54 and the mesh size of the inner thin-walled pipe 55 are equivalent designed according to the gas invasion rate estimated after the actual parameters such as the permeability of the reservoir, the production pressure difference and the like, which approximately simulates the condition that the decomposition gas of the hydrate in the drilling cuttings or the formation and the free gas in the formation around the well invades into the well at different rates.

[0058] Specifically, the temperature sensor is provided with 12. As shown in Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment, the data of the temperature sensor is set to twelve, which are first to twelfth temperature sensors 25, and the twelve temperature sensors are installed at a height of about 10mm from the fixed end surface on the right side of the end cover 19 or the reaction kettle 18. Among them, the first temperature sensor 33, the eighth temperature sensor 40, the third temperature sensor 35 and the sixth temperature sensor 38 are located on the 7 / 10 radius circumference of the fixed end surface on the left side of the reaction kettle 18, the second temperature sensor 34, the seventh temperature sensor 39, the fourth temperature sensor 36 and the fifth temperature sensor 37 are located on the 2 / 5 radius circumference of the fixed end surface on the left side of the reaction kettle 18, the first temperature sensor 33, the second temperature sensor 34, the seventh temperature sensor 39 and the eighth temperature sensor 40 are arranged in vertical diameter from top to bottom, the third temperature sensor 35, the fourth temperature sensor 36, the fifth temperature sensor 37 and the sixth temperature sensor 38 are arranged in horizontal diameter from left to right; The ninth temperature sensor 22 and the twelfth temperature sensor 25 are located on the 4 / 5 radius circumference of the end cover 19 on the right side of the reaction kettle 18, the tenth temperature sensor 23 and the eleventh temperature sensor 24 are located on the 1 / 2 radius circumference of the end cover 19 on the right side of the reaction kettle 18, the ninth temperature sensor 22, the tenth temperature sensor 23, the eleventh temperature sensor 24 and the twelfth temperature sensor 25 are arranged in vertical diameter from top to bottom.

[0059] Preferably, a data acquisition system 59 is further included, the upper inlet and outlet 16 is provided with a pressure sensor 15, the data acquisition system 59 is electrically connected with the pressure sensor 15, the plurality of temperature sensors and the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 respectively. The data acquisition system 59 includes a computer for storing temperature and pressure data and for regulating the rotation rate of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14. Here, the plurality of temperature sensors are respectively provided with 4 and 8 temperature sensors at different positions in the vertical or horizontal radial direction of the end cover 19 on the right side of the reactor 18 and the fixed end surface in the left side of the reactor 18.

[0060] The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0061] 1. The experimental device for evaluating the thermal acoustic and optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in a deep water horizontal well of the present application can simulate the heat exchange process between drilling fluid and the surrounding environment under different conditions of temperature, pressure, stirring rod length of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14, stirring blade type and size, rotation rate, air invasion simulation device 52 air inlet mode and air inlet rate, and different drilling fluid circulation conditions (static or flowing) and different gas invasion conditions (gas entering from the bottom and top of the horizontal well bore in a single or double pass way at a certain rate), and through the synchronous testing of the temperature data and horizontal axial acoustic data of the multiple measuring points in the vertical and horizontal radial direction near the fixed end surface in the left side and the end cover 19 on the right side of the reactor 18, and the horizontal radial optical data of the front and rear transparent windows of the reactor 18, the heat transfer, acoustic and optical characteristics of the deep water drilling fluid under the three conditions of before, during and after hydrate formation can be evaluated, the relationship between the heat transfer, acoustic and optical characteristics of the drilling fluid and the hydrate formation process can be further understood and known, the ability of various drilling fluids to inhibit hydrate formation and aggregation can be evaluated, and the drilling fluid related treatment agent and hydrate inhibitor can be optimized.

[0062] 2. The temperature and pressure in the reactor 18, the stirring rod length of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14, the stirring blade type and size, the rotation rate, and the air inlet mode and air inlet rate of the air invasion simulation device 52 can be adjusted and controlled, and according to the simulated gas invasion condition around the horizontal well drilling well wall, the corresponding air invasion simulation device 52 composed of an outer thin-walled pipe 53, a middle thin-walled pipe 54 (an air inlet hole with a certain hole size is arranged at a certain interval distance in the circumferential and axial directions) and an inner thin screen pipe 55 (a screen pipe with a certain mesh size) can be simulated and realized, the experiment has strong repeatability, the system structure is simple and reliable, the operation is convenient, and the system can be repeatedly used.

[0063] 3. The drilling fluid system design and optimization suitable for natural gas hydrate formation drilling, permafrost drilling and offshore drilling, and the evaluation of potential hydrate formation risk, can also provide basic experimental data support for the related research and application of wellbore temperature field and hydrate formation prediction during deepwater horizontal well drilling and logging operation, which has important economic and social benefits for the exploration and development of unconventional natural gas hydrate resources and conventional oil and gas resources in China.

[0064] The application also provides an experimental method for evaluating the thermal acoustic optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in deepwater horizontal wells, using the experimental device for evaluating the thermal acoustic optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in deepwater horizontal wells as described above, and comprising the following steps:

[0065] S1, according to the simulated horizontal well drilling fluid flow condition and gas invasion condition around the well wall, the gas invasion simulation device 52 composed of the outer thin-walled pipe 53, the middle thin-walled pipe 54 with corresponding interval distance and gas inlet size, and the inner thin-walled screen pipe 55 with corresponding mesh size is configured in an equivalent design manner, the stirring rod length, stirring blade type and size, and rotation rate of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 are configured in an equivalent design manner, the drilling fluid to be tested is loaded into the reaction kettle 18 through the upper liquid inlet 9 at the top of the reaction kettle 18, and after the experiment is completed and the pressure in the reaction kettle 18 is reduced to normal pressure, the eighth needle valve at the bottom of the reaction kettle 18 can be opened to discharge through the eighth pipeline p8;

[0066] S2, the temperature in the reaction kettle 18 is adjusted to a set temperature by the reaction kettle jacket 17, and the gas is introduced into the reaction kettle 18 through the upper gas inlet and outlet 16 at the top of the reaction kettle 18 by the pressurizing module, and the pressure in the reaction kettle 18 is adjusted to a set pressure.

[0067] Here, the temperature in the reaction kettle 18 and the temperature of the gas introduced into the reaction kettle 18 can be adjusted by adjusting the temperature of the constant temperature liquid in the circulating bath box 32, and the temperature of the high and low temperature constant temperature box 58 is adjusted at the same time, so that the drilling fluid temperature is adjusted to the required temperature.

[0068] The specific way to adjust the set pressure is: the reaction kettle 18 is vacuumized by the vacuum pump 13, and then the reaction kettle 18 is pressurized by the gas source 27 through the first pipeline p1, the buffer tank 29, the second pipeline p2, the first pressure regulating valve 5, the third pressure regulating valve 6, the second branch p202, the second pressure regulating valve 10, the first branch p201, respectively through the upper gas inlet and outlet 16 and the lower gas inlet 51, to increase the pressure in the reaction kettle 18, and the reaction kettle 18 is depressurized by the back pressure valve 21 to reduce the pressure in the reaction kettle 18, so that the reaction kettle 18 reaches the set pressure.

[0069] S3, according to the simulated horizontal well drilling fluid flow and the gas invasion around the well wall, set the rotation rate of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 to simulate the bottom hole drilling fluid flow, and start the gas source 27, through the gas source 27 from the top of the reactor 18 inlet and outlet gas port 16 and the bottom of the lower gas inlet 51, through the gas invasion simulation device 52 in the cavity of the reactor 18 to the drilling fluid.

[0070] Specifically, by regulating the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14, the first pressure regulating valve 5, the second pressure regulating valve 10, the third pressure regulating valve 6 and the different gas invasion simulation device 52, the different drilling fluid flow state and gas invasion situation in the well are simulated. According to the simulated different drilling fluid flow state and gas invasion situation in the well, the adjusting mode is as follows: by adjusting the length of the stirring rod, the type and size of the stirring blade of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 arranged at the top of the reactor 18, and adjusting the rotation rate of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14, the flow state of the drilling fluid at the bottom of the horizontal well is simulated; the gas source 27 is a gas storage tank, which stores gas such as methane, etc. The gas in the gas storage tank is first sent to the buffer tank 29, and then through the second pipeline p2, the fifth needle valve 7, the third pressure regulating valve 6, the one-way valve 49, the third needle valve 8, the second pressure regulating valve 10, the fourth needle valve 11, the opening and closing of the second branch p202 and the first branch p201 are controlled, and then the gas can enter the reactor 18 through the lower gas inlet 51 and the upper inlet and outlet gas port 16 in single or double passage mode, and the gas can also be controlled to enter the reactor 18 through the second branch p202 and the first branch p201 at different rates by adjusting the first pressure regulating valve 5, the second pressure regulating valve 10, the third pressure regulating valve 6, and configuring the gas invasion simulation device 52 with different interval distance and hole size of the gas inlet hole of the middle layer thin wall pipe 54 and different mesh size of the inner layer thin sieve pipe 55, which can simulate the different ways and rates of gas invasion into the well from the decomposition of hydrates in the drilling cuttings or the formation and the free gas around the well.

[0071] S4, measuring the temperature of the drilling fluid at different positions in the vertical and horizontal radial directions near the left fixed end face in the reaction kettle 18 and at different positions in the vertical radial direction near the end cover 19 on the right side in the reaction kettle 18 by the temperature testing module; for the drilling fluid in the reaction kettle 18 at a certain temperature and pressure, based on the accurate quantitative feeding of the acoustic testing rod 26, the acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation of the drilling fluid between the acoustic emission probe 31 at the center of the left fixed end face in the reaction kettle 18 and the acoustic reception probe 56 on the testing rod at the center of the end cover 19 on the right side in the reaction kettle 18 can be tested by the acoustic testing module under the condition of a certain distance and a plurality of given change distances between the two probes; at the same time, under the same conditions, the optical absorbance of the drilling fluid between the inner walls of the transparent windows on the front and back sides of the reaction kettle 18 simulating the well wall can be tested by the optical testing module.

[0072] In this way, the temperature, acoustic velocity, acoustic attenuation and absorbance data of the above-mentioned corresponding positions in the reaction kettle 18 can be monitored in real time, and the corresponding heat transfer, acoustic and optical properties of the drilling fluid before, during and after the formation of hydrates can be evaluated.

[0073] Further, S5 is also included, which adjusts the interval distance and hole size of the gas inlet holes on the middle thin-walled pipe 54 and the mesh size of the inner thin-walled sieve pipe 55, and adjusts one or more of the temperature in the reaction kettle 18, the pressure in the reaction kettle 18, and the stirring rod length, stirring blade type and size, and rotation rate of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14, to approximately simulate the conditions of the decomposition gas of the drilling cuttings or the hydrate in the formation and the free gas of the formation around the well invading the well in different ways and at different rates.

[0074] In static experiment, the rotary speed of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 is adjusted to zero or the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 is directly closed. Considering the characteristics of the conventional circulation process of the drilling fluid in the process of drilling the deepwater gas hydrate formation horizontal well, i.e. the drilling fluid flows from the offshore drilling platform into the drill pipe inner space, flows downward to the horizontal well bottom gas hydrate formation, and then flows upward through the annular gap between the drill pipe outer wall and the well wall to return to the offshore drilling platform through the seafloor mud line. Therefore, considering the temperature and pressure conditions of the four positions of the offshore drilling platform, the hydrate reservoir, the seafloor mud line and the offshore drilling platform experienced by the drilling fluid in the above-mentioned circulation process, the temperature and pressure conditions in the reaction kettle 18 are adjusted to the corresponding temperature and pressure conditions of a position and maintained stable for a period of time. At the same time, considering the interval distance and hole size of the gas inlet hole on the middle thin-walled pipe 54 of the gas invasion simulation device 52 and the mesh size of the inner thin-wire pipe 55, the opening and closing of the second branch p202 and the first branch p201, and the pressure regulating degree of each pressure regulating valve on the second pipeline p2 and the second branch p202 and the first branch p201, one or more of these conditions can simulate the different ways and rates of the decomposition gas of the cuttings or the hydrate in the formation and the free gas in the formation around the well invading the well. The temperature test module, the acoustic test module and the optical test module are used to monitor the temperature, sound speed, sound attenuation and absorbance data of the above-mentioned corresponding position in the reaction kettle 18 in real time, and then the corresponding heat transfer, acoustic and optical properties of the drilling fluid before, during and after the formation of the hydrate are evaluated. When this experiment is completed, the temperature and pressure conditions in the reaction kettle 18 can be adjusted to the temperature and pressure conditions of the next simulated position, and the corresponding experiment can be carried out according to the same process as above.

[0075] In dynamic experiment, the stirring rod length, stirring blade type and size, and rotary speed of the drilling fluid flow simulation device 14 are adjusted to simulate different drilling fluid flow states at the well bottom. In the same conditions of the temperature and pressure adjustment process in the reaction kettle 18, the simulation conditions of the gas invading the well, and the static experiment, the same heat transfer, acoustic and optical property tests and evaluations as in the static experiment are carried out, and corresponding comparative evaluations are carried out.

[0076] In this paper, the front, back, up, down and other orientation words are defined according to the positions of the parts in the drawings and the positions of the parts relative to each other in the drawings, only for the purpose of expressing the clarity and convenience of the technical scheme. It should be understood that the use of the orientation words should not limit the scope of the application claimed.

[0077] In the case of no conflict, the above-mentioned embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0078] The above merely describes preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An experimental device for evaluating the thermal acoustic optical properties of a gas-cut drilling fluid in a deep water horizontal well, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of drilling fluid gas invasion simulation device, including: Reaction kettle, which is internally provided with a cylindrical cavity for storing drilling fluid, the cylindrical cavity is transversely extended, the right side of the reaction kettle is provided with an opening, the opening is provided with an end cap for covering the opening, the center of the end cap is threadedly connected with a quantitative acoustic testing rod, the upper part of the reaction kettle is provided with an upper liquid inlet and an upper gas inlet and outlet, and the lower part is provided with a lower gas inlet, the outer wall of the reaction kettle is sleeved with a reaction kettle jacket, the reaction kettle is internally provided with a drilling fluid flow simulation device and a gas invasion simulation device to adjust the drilling fluid flow and gas invasion state, the top end of the reaction kettle is provided with an inlet, the drilling fluid flow simulation device is arranged on the axis of the inlet and extends from the outside of the inlet into the cylindrical cavity, the gas invasion simulation device is transversely sleeved on the inner wall of the reaction kettle, and the front and rear sidewalls of the reaction kettle are both provided with corresponding transparent windows; A gas source is connected with the upper liquid inlet, the upper gas inlet and outlet and the lower gas inlet respectively, and the gas source passes through the gas invasion simulation device, the upper gas inlet and outlet and the lower gas inlet are used for introducing gas into the drilling fluid in the reaction kettle, and are connected with the gas invasion simulation device to simulate the decomposition gas of drilling cuttings or hydrate in the formation and the invasion of free gas around the well; A pressurizing module is connected with the reaction kettle to pressurize the reaction kettle; A temperature testing module includes a plurality of temperature sensors, and each of the plurality of temperature sensors is arranged at a different position in the vertical and horizontal radial directions of a vertical section on the left and right sides of the reaction kettle to test the temperature at different positions of the vertical section near the drilling bit and the simulated well bottom; An acoustic testing module includes an acoustic emission device and an acoustic receiving device, and is arranged at the center position on the left and right sides of the reaction kettle to test the acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation of the drilling fluid, the left and right sidewalls of the reaction kettle are respectively provided with an acoustic emission probe and an acoustic receiving probe, the acoustic emission device is connected with the acoustic emission probe, the acoustic receiving device is connected with the acoustic receiving probe, and the acoustic receiving device is arranged on the acoustic testing rod; And an optical testing module includes an optical emission device and an optical receiving device, and is arranged outside the two transparent windows to test the optical absorbance of the drilling fluid; The gas invasion simulation device is composed of an outer thin-walled pipe, a middle thin-walled pipe and an inner thin-screen pipe which are sequentially sleeved, the gas invasion simulation device is provided with a butt joint at the corresponding positions of the upper gas inlet and outlet, the lower gas inlet and the two transparent windows, a sealing ring is sleeved outside the butt joint, and the gas invasion simulation device is provided with an opening at the corresponding positions of the upper liquid inlet and the drilling fluid flow simulation device and a slit at the left end of the opening to the corresponding position of the drilling fluid flow simulation device to realize the sealed butt joint of the gas invasion simulation device and the reaction kettle. The outer thin-walled pipe is attached to the inner wall of the cylindrical cavity, the outer thin-walled pipe and the middle thin-walled pipe form a closed annular space, the middle thin-walled pipe is arranged with a plurality of air inlet holes in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, the inner thin-walled pipe is arranged inside the middle thin-walled pipe, and the inner thin-walled pipe is provided with mesh. The stirring rod of the drilling fluid flow simulation device extends from the inlet at the top end of the reaction kettle to the cylindrical cavity, the length of the stirring rod extending into the cylindrical cavity ranges from 10mm to (1 / 2 of the radius of the cylindrical cavity - 25mm), the stirring blade type of the drilling fluid flow simulation device includes two-leaf, three-leaf, four-leaf or multi-leaf inclined paddle, straight paddle or turbine type, the rotating radius of the stirring blade ranges from 1 / 5 to 3 / 5 of the radius of the cylindrical cavity, and the rotating speed of the drilling fluid flow simulation device ranges from 0 to 3000r / min.

2. The experimental device for evaluating the thermal acoustic optical properties of gas-cut drilling fluid in deep horizontal wells of claim 1, wherein, The buffer tank is arranged between the gas source and the reaction kettle, the gas source is sequentially connected with the buffer tank, the upper liquid inlet, the upper gas inlet and outlet and the lower gas inlet through pipelines, The first pipeline is arranged between the gas source and the buffer tank, the first pipeline is provided with a first pressure gauge and a first needle valve, and the buffer tank is provided with a second pressure gauge. The second pipeline and the first branch are arranged between the buffer tank and the upper gas inlet and outlet, the second pipeline is provided with a second needle valve and a first pressure regulating valve, and the first branch is sequentially provided with a third needle valve, a second pressure regulating valve and a fourth needle valve. The second branch is arranged between the buffer tank and the lower gas inlet, both ends of the second branch are connected with the second pipeline and the lower gas inlet respectively, and the second branch is provided with a fifth needle valve, a third pressure regulating valve and a check valve.

3. The experimental device for evaluating the thermal acoustic optical properties of gas-cut drilling fluid in deep horizontal wells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The circulating bath and the buffer tank jacket are further included, the buffer tank jacket is sleeved on the outer wall of the buffer tank, the buffer tank jacket is connected with the circulating bath through the third pipeline and the fourth pipeline to form a first circulating pipeline, and the reaction kettle jacket is connected with the circulating bath through the fifth pipeline and the sixth pipeline to form a second circulating pipeline.

4. The experimental apparatus for evaluating the thermal acoustic signature of a gas-cut drilling fluid in a deep horizontal well of claim 3, wherein, The buffer tank and the reaction kettle are arranged in the high and low temperature constant temperature box.

5. The experimental apparatus for evaluating the thermal acoustic signature of gas-cut drilling fluid in a deep horizontal well of claim 2, wherein, The pressurizing module includes a vacuum pump, the vacuum pump is connected with the upper gas inlet and outlet through the seventh pipeline, the seventh pipeline is provided with a sixth needle valve at the connection position with the vacuum pump, one end of the first pipeline away from the vacuum pump is provided with a back pressure valve, and one end of the seventh pipeline close to the back pressure valve is provided with a seventh needle valve.

6. The experimental apparatus for evaluating the thermal acoustic signature of a gas-cut drilling fluid in a deep horizontal well of claim 1, wherein, The two transparent windows are cylindrical transparent windows protruding from the reaction kettle, and collimating mirrors are respectively sealed and sleeved outside the two transparent windows.

7. The experimental apparatus for evaluating the thermal acoustic signature of a gas-cut drilling fluid in a deep horizontal well of claim 1, wherein, The data acquisition system is further included, the pressure sensor is arranged on the upper gas inlet and outlet, four temperature sensors and eight temperature sensors are respectively arranged at different positions in the vertical or horizontal radial direction of the end cover on the right side of the reaction kettle and the fixed end surface on the left side in the reaction kettle, and the data acquisition system is electrically connected with the pressure sensor, the plurality of temperature sensors and the drilling fluid flow simulation device.

8. An experimental method for evaluating the thermal acoustic light characteristics of a gas-cut drilling fluid in a deep water horizontal well, characterized in that, The experimental device for evaluating the thermal acoustic optical characteristics of gas invasion drilling fluid in deep water horizontal well as claimed in claim 1 is used, and comprises the following steps: S1, according to the simulated flow condition of drilling fluid at the bottom of horizontal well and the gas invasion condition around the well wall, the gas invasion simulation device composed of the outer thin-walled pipe, the middle thin-walled pipe with the gas inlet hole with corresponding interval distance and hole size, and the inner thin sieve pipe with corresponding mesh size is configured in an equivalent design manner, and the length of the stirring rod, the type and size of the stirring blade, and the rotation rate of the drilling fluid flow simulation device are configured in an equivalent design manner, and the drilling fluid to be tested is loaded into the reaction kettle through the upper liquid inlet at the top of the reaction kettle; S2, the temperature in the reaction kettle is adjusted to a set temperature through the reaction kettle jacket, and the pressure in the reaction kettle is adjusted to a set pressure by introducing gas into the reaction kettle through the upper gas inlet at the top of the reaction kettle through the pressurizing module; S3, according to the simulated flow condition of drilling fluid at the bottom of horizontal well and the gas invasion condition around the well wall, the corresponding rotation rate of the drilling fluid flow simulation device is set to simulate the flow condition of drilling fluid at the bottom of the well, and the gas source is started to introduce gas into the drilling fluid through the gas invasion simulation device in the reaction kettle cavity from the upper gas inlet at the top of the reaction kettle and the lower gas inlet at the bottom of the reaction kettle through the gas source; S4, the temperature conditions of the drilling fluid at different positions in the vertical and horizontal radial directions near the left fixed end face in the reaction kettle and at different positions in the vertical radial direction near the end cover on the right side in the reaction kettle are measured by the temperature test module; for the drilling fluid at a certain temperature and pressure in the reaction kettle, based on the accurate quantitative feeding of the acoustic wave test rod, under the condition of a certain distance and a plurality of given change distances between the two probes, the corresponding acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation of the drilling fluid between the acoustic wave emission probe at the center of the left fixed end face in the reaction kettle and the acoustic wave receiving probe on the test rod at the center of the end cover on the right side in the reaction kettle can be tested by the acoustic wave test module; at the same time, under the same conditions, the corresponding optical absorbance of the drilling fluid between the inner walls of the transparent windows in front of and behind the reaction kettle simulating the well wall can be tested by the optical test module.

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