Gas injection system and metallurgical plant

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas injection system for a blast furnace, shaft furnace, or metallurgical furnace comprising a furnace wall (12) and a cooling panel (18), wherein the gas injection system comprises: • a gas distribution duct (14); • one or more injectors (16) having a nozzle, wherein the nozzle comprises a ceramic insert (52), wherein the cooling element (18) has a hot side which is remote from the furnace wall (12), wherein a protrusion (54) is attached to the hot side of the cooling panel, wherein the ceramic insert (52) passes through the furnace wall and the cooling panel and the protrusion on the cooling panel, and wherein the ceramic insert (52) has an adjustable length such that: the ceramic insert protrudes into the interior of the furnace; or the ceramic insert is flush with the hot face of the cooling panel (18); or the ceramic insert is held slightly recessed from the hot face of the cooling panel (18).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention generally relates to the field of iron and steel metallurgy. More specifically, this invention relates to a gas distribution injector system fitted to the area above the belly of an existing furnace body, or chimney, or blast furnace, vertical furnace, or metallurgical furnace. Background Technology

[0002] With the Paris Agreement and the near global consensus on the need to take action on emissions, every industrial sector must research and develop solutions to improve energy efficiency and reduce CO2 emissions.

[0003] One technique developed to reduce the amount of carbon in the steel production process is called "shaft injection," in which hot gases (mainly CO and H2) are injected into the upper part of the blast furnace, which is typically protected on the inner side by cooling plates (cooling elements), or cooling walls, or plate coolers, or refractory linings.

[0004] This method of injecting hot gas into a blast furnace or vertical furnace at the horizontal level (furnace body injection) has been cited in many publications and inventions, but industrial application has not yet been realized on commercial blast furnaces.

[0005] EP 0 639 750 A1 discloses an apparatus (8) for mounting a burner (6) in a cooling panel (4) of an electric arc furnace (2). The apparatus (8) includes: a cast copper body containing a burner orifice (12); a cooling water manifold (16); and a truncated conical outer surface (50) adapted to fit tightly into a complementary orifice of the cooling panel (4). A convex upper surface (38) of the apparatus is used to laterally dislodge waste falling from the inner surface of the cooling panel (4) away from the apparatus and inward toward the furnace interior 10. The tapered fit between the apparatus (8) and the cooling panel (4) minimizes leakage and facilitates separation.

[0006] EP 2 848 705 A1 describes a tuyer structure in a blast furnace that prevents gas leakage and maintains the end of the tuyer in a predetermined position within the furnace body, while absorbing the difference in thermal deformation between the furnace body and the annular tuyer pipe. The tuyer structure (20) in the blast furnace includes: a blowpipe (31) fixed to the furnace shell (21); a tuyer (32) fixed to the end of the blowpipe (31); and a flexible joint (34) connecting the blowpipe 31 to a tuyer stock (33). A tuyer wall cooler (23) is disposed inside the furnace shell (21) around the tuyer (32) to form the inner surface of the blast furnace.

[0007] One challenge is to improve the durability and versatility of the injector, which operates in corrosive gas environments and is subject to wear due to solid material flows at very high temperatures and in dusty environments.

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gas injector that can withstand these very high temperatures and can be installed on the cooling plates of blast furnaces, vertical furnaces, or metallurgical furnaces.

[0009] The present invention provides a spray point that can be easily attached to existing cast iron or copper cooling plates or cooling walls. Summary of the Invention

[0010] This objective is achieved through the system claimed in this application.

[0011] This invention relates to a gas injection system for a blast furnace, vertical furnace, or metallurgical furnace including a furnace wall and cooling plates, wherein the gas injection system comprises:

[0012] • Gas distribution pipeline,

[0013] • One or more injectors, each having a nozzle,

[0014] The nozzle is characterized by comprising a ceramic insert.

[0015] The cooling plate or cooling element has a hot side facing away from the furnace wall, and a protrusion is attached to the hot side of the cooling plate.

[0016] The nozzle passes through the furnace wall, cooling plate, and protrusions on the cooling plate.

[0017] The ceramic insert has an adjustable length, such that: the ceramic insert protrudes into the interior of the furnace; or the ceramic insert is flush with the hot surface of the cooling plate; or the ceramic insert remains slightly retracted relative to the hot surface of the cooling plate.

[0018] The present invention provides a gas injection system for injecting a mixture comprising CO and H2 into a furnace at the level of a cooling plate, thereby further improving productivity, reducing operating costs, and reducing coke consumption and CO2 emissions in the blast furnace process.

[0019] As described in this article, the gas injector with nozzles can easily withstand these very high temperatures and can be mounted on the cooling plates of blast furnaces, vertical furnaces, or metallurgical furnaces.

[0020] Gas injectors with nozzles, as described herein, allow for a high degree of gas tightness, which is particularly important in this application because the hot gas contains CO and H2, which may spontaneously combust if leaked to the outside or may form an explosive atmosphere when mixed with air.

[0021] The protrusions attached to the hot side of the cooling element protect the cooling plate from the hot gases injected, allowing the cooling plate to remain in the furnace for a longer period of time.

[0022] The protrusion can have the width of the cooling element, thus providing circumferential continuity when all cooling elements are equipped with protrusions.

[0023] Depending on its position on the cooling element and the associated row of cooling elements, the protrusion may extend to the upper edge of the cooling element to achieve a transition with the upper row of cooling elements. A preferred approach is a transition row between the copper wall and the cast iron wall, where a step may already exist in the BF profile.

[0024] The protrusions attached to the hot side of the cooling element protect the cooling element from the effects of the descending charge disturbed by the injected gas.

[0025] The hot face of the protrusion can be parallel to the cooling element, but this is not mandatory. The upper side of the protrusion can be horizontal to support stagnant areas, or it can be inclined to achieve a smooth transition. The lower side of the protrusion can be horizontal or have a recess to create voids in the charge and facilitate gas passage, or it can be inclined to achieve a smooth transition.

[0026] Advantageously, the protrusion is actively cooled by one or more passages (pipes or channels).

[0027] The protrusion can be cooled by its own cooling system or by a cooling system used to cool the location where the protrusion will be installed.

[0028] On the other hand, the protrusion can be passively cooled by using a conductive material that contacts the cooling element and then contacts the cooling plate.

[0029] In one embodiment, the nozzle includes a ceramic insert.

[0030] In one embodiment, the system includes multiple injectors with nozzles, each nozzle including a ceramic insert having a different diameter.

[0031] In this implementation, each ceramic insert is accessible via a flange connection port on the furnace wall, allowing for easy maintenance and inspection.

[0032] The injector can be oriented perpendicular to or tangential to the furnace wall. Preferably, the angle of the injector is between 90° (perpendicular) and 60° (tangential).

[0033] As an alternative to ceramic injectors, a cool-type injector that is cylindrical or conical and matches the holes formed in the protrusion can be used.

[0034] The gas distribution conduit may include 20 to 100 injectors, preferably 20 to 50 injectors.

[0035] Each ceramic insert of the injector may have a length such that: the ceramic insert protrudes into the interior of the furnace; or the ceramic insert is flush with the hot surface of the cooling plate; or the ceramic insert remains slightly recessed relative to the hot surface of the cooling plate.

[0036] The injector can be oriented perpendicular to or tangential to the furnace wall.

[0037] The injector can be tilted relative to the cooling element, such that the tip of the injector is located below the protrusion.

[0038] The present invention also relates to metallurgical equipment for producing iron products, the metallurgical equipment comprising a blast furnace, a vertical furnace, or a metallurgical furnace and at least one gas injection system as described herein.

[0039] In the context of this invention, ceramic inserts may be made of materials comprising or including the following: oxides, such as alumina, beryllium oxide, cerium dioxide, zirconium oxide; or non-oxides, such as carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides; or composite materials such as particle-reinforced or fiber-reinforced materials; or combinations of the above oxides and non-oxides.

[0040] This invention can be implemented using existing equipment known in the metallurgical field. Attached Figure Description

[0041] Further details and features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0042] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the cooling assembly and gas injection system according to the first preferred embodiment;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the cooling assembly and gas injection system according to the second preferred embodiment;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a view of the cooling assembly of the gas injection system according to the second preferred embodiment;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the cooling assembly according to the second preferred embodiment;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a protective cover for an injector. a) is a side view, and b) is a front view.

[0047] In the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise specified, the same or similar elements are indicated by the same reference numerals. Detailed Implementation

[0048] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a blast furnace, shaft furnace, or metallurgical furnace according to a first embodiment is shown at the height of the cooling plate.

[0049] exist Figure 1 In the blast furnace, vertical furnace, or metallurgical furnace, the wall 12 or shell on one side (the outside or cold side of the furnace) includes a gas distribution pipe 14 with an injector 16.

[0050] On the other side (inner, hot side) of the furnace wall 12, a cooling assembly is provided, which includes a cooling plate 18 or a cooling wall (stave) made of cast iron, cast copper, or a copper alloy. The cooling plate 18 is arranged on the inner side of the furnace wall 12. One surface of the cooling plate 18 (facing the hot side of the furnace) includes a plurality of ribs 20 and grooves 22 to increase the surface area. Furthermore, this surface of the cooling plate 18 may also be provided with a refractory lining, which is not shown for simplicity. A plurality of coolant channels (not shown) are provided in the cooling plate 18.

[0051] The cooling assembly also includes a plurality of cooling pipes 24, each of which has a pipe channel (not shown) connected to a cooling channel (not shown). The cooling pipes 24 may be made of the same material as the cooling plate 18. Each cooling pipe 24 passes through a wall opening 26 in the furnace wall 12. The cross-section of the corresponding wall opening 26 is selected to be larger than the cross-section of the corresponding cooling pipe 24 to allow some movement of the cooling pipe 24 relative to the furnace wall 12. In particular, this movement may be caused by thermal deformation of the cooling plate 18 to which the cooling pipe 24 is attached.

[0052] The compensator 28 can be connected to the furnace wall 12 such that it covers the wall opening 26. The cover 28 has a cover opening 30 through which the cooling conduit 24 passes. The cover 28 can cover more than one wall opening. Such a cover includes more than one cover opening, with each cooling conduit 24 provided with one cover opening. On the outside of the cover 28, the cooling conduit 24 is surrounded by the compensator, which is welded to the cover 28 such that it connects to the cover opening 30. The compensator's structure includes a cylindrical portion connected to the cover 28 by welding. A bellows is connected to the cylindrical portion via an annular portion. An annular sleeve portion is connected to the bellows on one side and to the outer side of the cooling conduit on the other. The connection to the cooling conduit 24 is established through an annular first weld. A key feature of the compensator is that the sleeve portion has an inner diameter that increases towards the furnace wall; that is, the inner diameter increases from the outer end towards the inner end. In other words, the inner surface of the sleeve portion is not cylindrical but conical. This allows for different angular orientations of the sleeve portion relative to the cooling conduit 24, while still minimizing the distance between the sleeve portion and the cooling conduit 24 at the outer end where the first weld is applied.

[0053] Figure 1 A preferred gas injection system is also shown, which includes a gas distribution duct 14 and one or more injectors 16. However, conventional bustle pipe systems and tuyerestocks are also possible and offer additional advantages.

[0054] The gas distribution duct 14 includes a steel shell 32 and an insulation layer 34, which is made of one or more layers of insulating and dense refractory material. The refractory lining is designed to resist the high temperature and composition of the gas circulating in the hollow portion 36 of the gas distribution duct 14. The refractory lining also insulates the steel shell 32 from the hot gas circulating in the hollow portion 36 and protects the steel shell 32 of the gas distribution duct 14 from the high temperatures. The insulating effect of the refractory lining allows for reduced heat loss.

[0055] The gases used for injection mainly consist of CO and H2. Typically, the gas has the following composition: 20% v / v to 35% v / v CO, 35% v / v to 55% v / v H2, 5% v / v to 25% v / v N2, and 2% v / v to 5% v / v CO2.

[0056] Figure 1 The gas distribution duct has a D-shaped cross-section, wherein the flat side 38 of the D-shaped cross-section faces the furnace wall 12. Other geometries (rectangular, triangular, hexagonal, etc.) can also be used, as long as a flat face facing the furnace wall is provided. The injector 16 is incorporated into the flat side 38 facing the furnace wall 12, and on the one hand, the injector 16 passes through the steel housing 32 and insulation layer 34 of the gas distribution duct 14, and on the other hand, the injector 16 passes through the furnace wall 12 and cooling plate 18.

[0057] The injector 16 is integrated into the gas distribution pipe 14, and the injector 16 connects the gas distribution pipe 14 to the interior of the furnace through the furnace wall 12 and the cooling plate 18. The injector 16 is the only element that fluidly connects the gas distribution pipe 14 to the furnace.

[0058] The absence of multiple connections between the gas distribution conduit 14 and the injector 16 further reduces potential sources of gas leakage due to the scarcity of joints and transitions. In fact, in this system, the injector 16 is directly connected—without any additional joints or intermediate parts—to the gas distribution conduit 14. Gas tightness is particularly important in this application because the hot gas contains CO and H2, which may spontaneously combust upon leakage to the outside or may form an explosive atmosphere when mixed with air.

[0059] exist Figure 1 In the illustrated case, the injector passes through a short section of steel pipe 42, which connects to the steel casing 32 of the furnace wall 12 and the gas distribution pipe 14. The steel pipe 42 enhances the stability of the connection between the gas distribution pipe 14 and the furnace wall 12 and protects the injector 16. Therefore, the gas distribution pipe 14 is located at a certain distance from the furnace wall 12. This distance is preferably between 10 cm and 50 cm.

[0060] The injector 16 is preferably made of a suitable heat-resistant material, such as a ceramic material, preferably an oxide ceramic material, a silicon-infiltrated silicon carbide material, or a nitride-based ceramic material. Such a material is chosen to withstand abrasion caused by hot, dust-filled gases and corrosion caused by hot reducing gases. The injector 16 may be equipped with a water cooling section.

[0061] The injector 16 is preferably anchored in the insulation layer 34 of the gas distribution conduit 14 by an annular structure 44 extending perpendicular to the axis 46 of the injector 16. The annular structure is flush with the inner side of the insulation layer 34 of the gas distribution conduit 14.

[0062] On the opposite side of the injector 16, i.e., on the rounded side 40 of the D-shaped cross-section, a maintenance and inspection port 48 is provided along the axis of the injector. This allows for easy disassembly and replacement of each injector 16 in case of wear or damage. Easy disassembly of the injector 16 is also an advantage for routine inspection of the injection area inside the furnace during furnace maintenance shutdowns. After the injector 16 is removed, convenient access is provided for inspection and possible cleaning or removal of the scaffold around the injection port 50.

[0063] The injector 16 can be oriented toward the center of the furnace, or the injector 16 can be oriented tangentially to the center of the furnace (not shown). Tangential orientation helps to create swirl in the furnace, which helps to increase the gas distribution, mix with rising gas from the tuyer level, and increase the residence time of the gas in the furnace, thereby improving gas utilization.

[0064] A large number of injectors 16 can be envisioned, typically 20 to 80, preferably up to 100, or even 150, because this avoids the traditional, complex, and bulky multiple connections between the main gas distributor and the injectors. Conventional systems cannot accommodate such a large number of injectors 16 due to congestion in the relevant areas outside the furnace. A large number of injectors 16 facilitates good distribution of hot gas inside the furnace, which is crucial for the efficient use of gas in the furnace process.

[0065] When installing a large number of injectors, the diameter of each injector and its corresponding nozzle (not shown) can be very small. Typically, the inner diameter is in the range of 3 cm to 20 cm, preferably in the range of 5 cm to 10 cm, while the outer diameter is in the range of 5 cm to 25 cm, preferably in the range of 8 cm to 15 cm. This allows for keeping the openings in the furnace wall and cooling plate 18 small and ensures that the solution can be easily installed on existing furnaces without requiring changes to the cooling plate.

[0066] The length of the injector is adjustable: the injector can protrude into the interior of the furnace (typically 5cm to 10cm), the injector can be flush with the hot surface of the plate, or the injector can be slightly recessed relative to the hot surface of the cooling plate (typically 2cm to 10cm).

[0067] It is important to note that the gas distribution duct 14 does not need to be a closed circumferential collector like a conventional annular duct. If there is no available space in a given furnace environment, the gas distribution duct 14 can be interrupted, and a portion of the furnace circumference may be without a gas distribution duct and injectors. The gas distribution duct 14 can be divided into multiple sections positioned around the furnace (e.g., four quadrants), each supplied by a separate thermal reducing gas supply line (not shown).

[0068] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the gas injection system is shown.

[0069] In this particular embodiment, the injector has a specific nozzle designed to ensure passage through the furnace wall 12 and the cooling element 18. The nozzle includes a ceramic tip insert 52 that ensures hot gas is transferred from the outside of the furnace wall 12 to the hot side of the cooling plate 18. Preferably, the ceramic tip insert 52 has an insulating effect, thereby allowing protection of the furnace wall 12 and the cooling plate 18 from the high-temperature gas injected into the furnace. However, the ceramic tip insert 52 can also be a cooling element.

[0070] The ceramic insert 52 allows the gas injection system 10 to have a certain degree of adaptability because different diameters can be used, making the gas injection system 10 suitable for given process conditions. A ceramic insert 52 with a smaller inner diameter will increase the gas velocity and thus increase the gas penetration depth in the furnace.

[0071] The protrusion or "nose" 54 can be easily mounted on the hot surface of the existing cooling plate 18. The protrusion or "nose" 54 is perforated at different locations to ensure the passage of the ceramic nozzle 52 and hot gas 56.

[0072] The dimensions of the protrusion 54 can vary depending on its precise location in the furnace and the number of ceramic inserts it accommodates. Generally, the protrusion can be 1 cm to 40 cm long, 10 cm to 120 cm wide, and 10 cm to 100 cm high.

[0073] The injection port 50 or "outlet" can be located in the face facing the furnace interior, in the upper or lower face of the protrusion 54, so that the hot gas 56 can impact the area of ​​the blast furnace charge with a large porosity and thus maximize the passage of the hot gas 56.

[0074] The protrusion 54 is passively cooled by conduction through the cooling plate 18 to which it is attached. This ensures protection of the cooling plate 18 in the injection point area and limits the exposure of the cooling plate 18 to localized high temperatures caused by the injection of hot gas 52 at a gas temperature of 850°C to 950°C.

[0075] Depending on the area where it is implemented, the protrusion 54 can be cooled by its own cooling system.

[0076] Each ceramic insert 52 is accessible via a connection port 58 on the outer side of the furnace wall 12, which allows for easy maintenance and inspection. In the event of wear or damage, the ceramic nozzle 52 can be disassembled and easily replaced. The ease of disassembling the ceramic nozzle 52 is also an advantage for routine inspections of the spray area inside the furnace during maintenance shutdowns. Removing the ceramic nozzle 52 provides convenient access for inspection and possible cleaning or removal of the furnace sump around the spray port 50.

[0077] Another advantage is that, in a furnace cooled by cooling plates, the injection point or ceramic nozzle can be positioned at multiple levels in the following different configurations:

[0078] • A configuration of continuous bands of protrusions located on two or more levels

[0079] • A configuration of discontinuous arrangement of structures on two or more levels of an offset staggered arrangement of protruding elements.

[0080] When a large number of injectors are installed, the diameter of each injector and its corresponding nozzle (not shown) can be very small. This allows for smaller openings in the furnace wall and cooling plates and ensures that the solution can be easily installed on existing blast furnaces, vertical furnaces, and metallurgical furnaces without requiring changes to the cooling elements.

[0081] The length and diameter of the injector are adjustable: the injector can protrude into the interior of the furnace, the injector can be flush with the hot surface of the cooling plate, or the injector can be held in a slightly retracted position.

[0082] Figure 3 The protrusion 54 is shown in more detail. This embodiment shows an actively cooled protrusion 54 with a conductive section 58 for circulating cooling water. The cooling water can be taken from a cooling water circuit (not shown) that supplies the cooling plate and is readily available. Alternatively, a separate circuit for cooling water can be used.

[0083] Figure 4The protrusion 54 is shown in more detail. This embodiment shows an active cooling protrusion 54 attached to the hot side of the cooling plate 18. The ceramic injector, indicated by reference numeral 52, passes through the furnace wall 12 and the cooling plate 18.

[0084] A material layer 60 is provided on the top of the protrusion 54, which further protects the cooling plate 18 and the protrusion 54 from the effects of the ejected hot gas.

[0085] In this application, the terms "blast furnace", "vertical furnace" and "metallurgical furnace" are used interchangeably.

[0086] The D-shaped annular duct can be vertically installed to supply one or more rows of injectors, and the D-shaped annular duct is arranged around the perimeter of the furnace to match the number of walls, thus blocking / interfering with the fixtures and tools of the cooling elements. Multiple vertical D-shaped annular ducts are connected to a supply annular main.

[0087] In one embodiment, a protruding cover may be positioned above the injector and configured to protect the front portion of the nozzle body protruding into the furnace from the impact of the descending charge. This protection of the injector nozzle body from abrasion by the descending charge (sinter / pellets and coke) can be achieved, for example, by means of a smooth or corrugated steel casing. Figure 5 The principle of the protruding cover 100 is illustrated, and the protruding cover 100 forms a cap extending along the longitudinal direction L of the injector. The protruding cover 100 covers the protruding length portion of the injector (shown in dashed lines). As can be seen, the cover 100 is a curved steel profile portion, and more specifically, the cover 100 has an inverted, rounded V-shape. The apex 100.1 of the V-shape is located above the injector 16, and two branches 100.2 extend on the two lateral sides of the injector 50, optionally even extending below the injector. The cover 100 can be water-cooled directly or indirectly. Coolant channels can be arranged, for example, on the lower side of the housing.

[0088] Figure Labels

[0089] 10 Injection Device / Gas Injection System 28 Cover / Compensator

[0090] 12 Furnace wall 30 opening (not shown in the simplified diagram)

[0091] 14 Gas distribution pipe 32 Steel shell of gas distribution pipe

[0092] 16-jet

[0093] 18 Cooling elements 34 Insulation layers

[0094] 20 ribs 36 hollow spaces

[0095] 22 Grooves 38 Flat Sides

[0096] 24 Cooling pipes, 40 rounded side

[0097] 26mm wall opening, 42mm steel pipe

[0098] 44 ring structure

[0099] 46 The axis of the injector

[0100] 48 maintenance and inspection ports

[0101] 50 injection port

[0102] 52 Ceramic Inserts

[0103] 54. Nasal-shaped component - protrusion

[0104] 56 hot gases

[0105] 58 Conductive Section / Connection Port

[0106] 60 Material Layers

[0107] 100 Cover Parts

[0108] 100.1 Vertex

[0109] 100.2 Two branches.

Claims

1. A gas injection system for a furnace, the furnace comprising a furnace wall (12) and a cooling plate (18) different from the furnace wall, wherein, The cooling plate (18) has a hot side that is directed away from the furnace wall (12), wherein the gas injection system includes: Gas distribution pipe (14). One or more injectors (16), said injector (16) having nozzles, The nozzle is characterized by comprising a ceramic insert (52), and the gas injection system includes a protrusion (54) configured to attach to the hot side of the cooling plate (18). The ceramic insert (52) passes through the furnace wall, the cooling plate, and the protrusion on the cooling plate. The ceramic insert (52) has an adjustable length, such that: the ceramic insert (52) protrudes into the interior of the furnace; or, the ceramic insert (52) is flush with the hot side of the cooling plate (18); or, the ceramic insert (52) remains slightly retracted relative to the hot side of the cooling plate (18). And therein, the ceramic insert (52) ensures that hot gas is transferred from the outside of the furnace wall (12) to the hot side of the cooling plate (18).

2. The gas injection system according to claim 1, wherein, The protrusion (54) is actively cooled.

3. The gas injection system according to claim 2, wherein, The protrusion (54) is cooled by its own cooling system, or the protrusion (54) is cooled by a cooling system for cooling the cooling plate.

4. The gas injection system according to claim 1, wherein, The protrusion is passively cooled.

5. The gas injection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The gas injection system includes a plurality of injectors (16), each injector (16) having a nozzle, each nozzle including the ceramic insert (52), wherein the ceramic insert (52) has a different diameter and material.

6. The gas injection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, Each ceramic insert (52) can be accessed via a connection port (58) located on the furnace wall (12).

7. The gas injection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The injector (16) is oriented perpendicular to or tangential to the furnace wall, thereby terminating at one end of the injector (16) in a hole formed in the protrusion.

8. The gas injection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The gas distribution pipeline includes 20 to 100 injectors.

9. The gas injection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The protrusion (54) includes a material layer (60).

10. The gas injection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The gas distribution pipe (14) is divided into multiple sections positioned around the furnace, each section being supplied by a separate thermal reducing gas supply line.

11. The gas injection system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, A protruding cover (100) is arranged above the injector (16), and the protruding cover (100) is configured to protect the front portion of the nozzle body protruding into the interior of the furnace from the impact of the descending furnace charge.

12. A metallurgical apparatus for producing iron products, the metallurgical apparatus comprising a furnace and at least one gas injection system according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

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