A 10° abp precision directional sand jet perforating tool

Abstract

A 10 ABP accurate orientation sandblasting perforating tool, comprising a drive assembly, an inner eccentric positioning assembly, an inner rotating assembly and a hydraulic balance assembly, one side of the drive assembly is provided with the inner eccentric positioning assembly, one side of the inner eccentric positioning assembly is provided with the inner rotating assembly, and one side of the inner rotating assembly is provided with the hydraulic balance assembly. The reciprocating motion mechanism is adopted to realize the reciprocating motion of the drive piston and the rotating motion of the positioning disc, and the tool is rotated according to the set angle. The whole machine is of full metal structure, the service life is long, the whole machine is of full metal alloy steel structure, there is no special-shaped part, the material cost is low, the machining difficulty is small, the whole machine cost is low, the storage and transportation protection requirement is low. Simple structure, easy to disassemble, convenient for on-site maintenance, replacement of accessories and repair, only need to use conventional tools for disassembly and cleaning, the moving part is of piston type structure, the assembly process requirement is low, and general workers can be trained simply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas field development technology, specifically to a 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic jet fracturing technology integrates sand blasting perforation, sand fracturing (acidizing or acid fracturing), and hydrodynamic isolation. The downhole tools are simple and reliable, reducing operational risks and making it suitable for fixed-point jetting segmented modification of long horizontal sections in offshore extended reach wells.

[0003] In the development of natural gas hydrates, hydraulic jet fracturing technology is required. However, due to the plastic deformation of hydrate reservoirs, fracture initiation is difficult. Therefore, directional perforation technology is needed to induce fracture initiation. Horizontal well directional reservoir stimulation is not only beneficial for hydraulic fracturing to induce fracture initiation in uncemented hydrate reservoirs, but also has a very positive significance for efficient fracturing of tight oil and gas, shale gas, and coalbed methane reservoirs with high fracture pressure gradients. In particular, it plays a very positive role in inducing the initiation and extension of the main fracture in coalbed methane fracturing, avoiding the development of multiple fractures near the wellbore, and reducing the risk of construction operations. However, existing horizontal well directional hydraulic jet perforation tools are mainly based on external directional methods, and the tool size is not suitable for large-sized casing wells at sea. Therefore, developing horizontal well segmented fracturing gravity internal directional tools is a key technical problem to achieve safe, efficient, and precise directional perforation and fracture creation, break through the traditional elliptical channel structure of fire and hydraulic jets, and solve the problem of fracture initiation efficiency in hydrate reservoirs. It is also a key research area that urgently needs to be carried out and overcome in directional stimulation of hydrate reservoirs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, the present invention aims to provide a 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting tool, which employs a push-return motion mechanism to drive the piston to reciprocate and the positioning disc to rotate, thereby enabling the tool to rotate at a set angle.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0006] A 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool includes a drive assembly, an inner eccentric positioning assembly, an inner rotation assembly, and a hydraulic balancing assembly. The inner eccentric positioning assembly is located on one side of the drive assembly, the inner rotation assembly is located on one side of the inner eccentric positioning assembly, and the hydraulic balancing assembly is located on one side of the inner rotation assembly.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly includes an upper connector, a piston, a piston spring, and an upper cylinder. The right side of the upper connector is connected to the left side of the upper cylinder by a thread. The piston is disposed inside the upper cylinder, and the piston spring is disposed outside the piston.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the inner eccentric positioning assembly includes an intermediate cylinder, an eccentric positioning body, a splined mandrel, an intermediate spring, an inner eccentric bearing, and a steel ball. The left side of the intermediate cylinder is connected to the right side of the upper cylinder by a thread. The splined mandrel is disposed inside the intermediate cylinder and runs through the entire inner eccentric positioning assembly and the rotating assembly. The inner eccentric bearing and the intermediate spring are disposed outside the splined mandrel. The inner eccentric bearing is disposed at the right end of the piston. The eccentric positioning body is disposed outside the inner eccentric bearing and the intermediate spring.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the inner rotating assembly includes a positioning disc, a threaded sleeve, and an elastic retaining ring. The left end face of the elastic retaining ring is disposed at the right end of the intermediate spring, and the right end of the positioning disc is disposed in the inner cavity of the left end cylinder of the threaded sleeve. The left end of the threaded sleeve is connected to the right end of the intermediate cylinder by a thread.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic balancing assembly includes a return spring, a lower cylinder, a balancing cylinder, a balancing piston, a balancing connector, a lower spindle, a lower connector, an oil filler plug, and a bearing. The left end of the lower cylinder is threadedly connected to the right end of the threaded sleeve. The return spring is located on the outside of the splined spindle, and its left end is located inside the threaded sleeve and at the right end of the positioning plate. The bearing is located on the stepped surface at the right end of the splined spindle. The left end of the lower spindle is threadedly connected to the right end of the splined spindle. The right end of the lower cylinder is threadedly connected to the left end of the balancing cylinder. The balancing piston is located in the inner cavity of the balancing cylinder. The right end of the balancing cylinder is threadedly connected to the left end of the balancing connector, and the balancing connector is threadedly connected to the left end of the lower connector.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the right end of the spline mandrel is provided with a set of stepped surfaces.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the overall structure of the eccentric positioning body is a rotating component, the side of the eccentric positioning body is three sets of disconnected rings, the surface of the rings is provided with grooves, the steel balls are distributed throughout the grooves, and the right end of the eccentric positioning body is provided with long needle rollers.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the positioning disk has a set of positioning holes every 10 degrees on its left end, and the positioning disk has a total of 36 sets of positioning holes. The opening depth of the positioning holes is not uniform, and the positioning disk has an external spiral groove on its right end.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the inner hole at the left end of the threaded sleeve is provided with an inner spiral groove.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, an oil injection hole is provided on the outer wall of the balance cylinder.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following superior effects:

[0017] 1. The 10°ABP precision directional sandblasting tool of the present invention uses a push-return motion mechanism to realize the reciprocating motion of the driving piston and the rotational motion of the positioning plate, so as to realize the tool rotating according to a set angle.

[0018] 2. The 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting and perforation tool of the present invention adopts an all-metal structure, and all moving parts of the machine are all-metal structures, resulting in a long service life; the all-metal alloy steel structure has no irregular parts, resulting in low material costs, low processing difficulty, low overall machine cost, and low requirements for storage, transportation and protection.

[0019] 3. The 10°ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool described in this invention has a simple structure, is easy to disassemble, and is convenient for on-site maintenance, replacement of parts, and repair. It only requires the use of conventional tools for disassembly and cleaning. The moving parts are piston-type structures, and the assembly process requirements are low. General workers can be trained simply. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of a 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drive assembly for a 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal eccentric positioning assembly of a 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal rotating assembly of a 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic balance assembly of a 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural features of a 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Drive assembly; 2. Internal eccentric positioning assembly; 3. Internal rotating assembly; 4. Hydraulic balance assembly; 101. Upper connector; 102. Piston; 103. Piston spring; 104. Upper cylinder; 201. Intermediate cylinder; 202. Eccentric positioning body; 203. Splined mandrel; 204. Intermediate spring; 205. Internal eccentric bearing; 206. Steel ball; 301. Positioning plate; 302. Screw sleeve; 303. Elastic retaining ring; 401. Return spring; 402. Lower cylinder; 403. Balance cylinder; 404. Balance piston; 405. Balance joint; 406. Lower spindle; 407. Lower joint; 408. Oil plug; 409. Bearing; 2031. Stepped surface; 2021. Ring; 2022. Groove; 2023. Long needle roller; 3031. Positioning hole; 3032. Outer spiral groove; 3041. Inner spiral groove; 4031. Oil filling hole. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, thereby providing a clearer and more explicit definition of the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and appendix of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those shown or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in embodiments of this invention are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0029] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting tool includes a drive assembly 1, an inner eccentric positioning assembly 2, an inner rotation assembly 3, and a hydraulic balancing assembly 4. The inner eccentric positioning assembly 2 is provided on one side of the drive assembly 1, the inner rotation assembly 3 is provided on one side of the inner eccentric positioning assembly 2, and the hydraulic balancing assembly 4 is provided on one side of the inner rotation assembly 3.

[0030] Reference Figure 2As shown, the drive assembly 1 includes an upper connector 101, a piston 102, a piston spring 103, and an upper cylinder 104. The right side of the upper connector 101 is threadedly connected to the left side of the upper cylinder 104. The piston 102 is located inside the upper cylinder 104, and the piston spring 103 is located outside the piston 102. When pressure is applied to the piston 102, the inner eccentric bearing 205 on the right side pushes the eccentric positioning body 202 into the positioning plate 301. After depressurization, the inner eccentric bearing 205 is reset by the return spring 401, allowing for repeated orientation. After depressurization, the piston 102 returns to its initial position under the action of the balance piston 404 and the return spring 401 at the right end. By applying pressure, the piston 102 drives the piston spring 103 to reciprocate. When the piston 102 reciprocates, it drives the inner eccentric bearing 205, the intermediate spring 204, and the eccentric positioning body 202 to reciprocate.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the inner eccentric positioning assembly 2 includes an intermediate cylinder 201, an eccentric positioning body 202, a splined mandrel 203, an intermediate spring 204, an inner eccentric bearing 205, and a steel ball 206. The left side of the intermediate cylinder 201 is threadedly connected to the right side of the upper cylinder 104. The splined mandrel 203 is located inside the intermediate cylinder 201 and runs through the entire inner eccentric positioning assembly 2 and the inner rotating assembly 3. The inner eccentric bearing 205 and the intermediate spring 204 are located outside the splined mandrel 203. The inner eccentric bearing 205 is located at the right end of the piston 102. The eccentric positioning body 202 is located outside the inner eccentric bearing 205 and the intermediate spring 204. When the nozzle direction and the eccentric positioning body 202 are set on the ground during well insertion, they are exactly at 270°. Therefore, when the eccentric positioning body 202 is inserted, it will not encounter any resistance and will be inserted all the way to the bottom without any rotation of the positioning disc 301. After the nozzle is inserted into the well and is at 0° (directly above), the depth of the positioning disk 301 hole is 9 / 36L. When the eccentric positioning body 202 is inserted, it will drive the positioning disk 301 to move a distance of 27 / 36L, that is, a rotation of 270°. During orientation, only the eccentric positioning body 202 is in a constant 180° orientation. This constant is used to establish the rotation angle variable through the depth of the positioning disk 301 hole.

[0032] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the inner rotating assembly 3 includes a positioning disc 301, a threaded sleeve 302, and an elastic retaining ring 303. The left end face of the elastic retaining ring 303 is disposed at the right end of the intermediate spring 204, and the right end of the positioning disc 301 is disposed in the inner cavity of the left end of the threaded sleeve 302. The left end of the threaded sleeve 302 is connected to the right end of the intermediate cylinder 201 by a thread.

[0033] Reference Figure 5As shown, the hydraulic balancing assembly 4 includes a return spring 401, a lower cylinder 402, a balancing cylinder 403, a balancing piston 404, a balancing connector 405, a lower spindle 406, a lower connector 407, an oil injection plug 408, and a bearing 409. The left end of the lower cylinder 402 is threadedly connected to the right end of the threaded sleeve 302. The return spring 401 is located on the outside of the splined spindle 203, and the left end of the return spring 401 is located inside the threaded sleeve 302 and at the right end of the positioning plate 301. The bearing 409 is mounted on the stepped surface 2031 at the right end of the splined mandrel 203. The left end of the lower mandrel 406 is threaded to the right end of the splined mandrel 203. The right end of the lower cylinder 402 is threaded to the left end of the balance cylinder 403. The balance piston 404 is located in the inner cavity of the balance cylinder 403. The right end of the balance cylinder 403 is threaded to the left end of the balance connector 405. The balance connector 405 is threaded to the left end of the lower connector 407. After depressurization, the piston 102 and the eccentric positioning body 202 return to their initial positions under the action of the balance piston 404 and the return spring 401.

[0034] Reference Figure 6 As shown, a set of stepped surfaces 2031 is provided at the right end of the spline mandrel 203.

[0035] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the overall structure of the eccentric positioning body 202 is a rotating part. The side of the eccentric positioning body 202 consists of three sets of broken rings 2021. The surface of the rings 2021 is provided with grooves 2022, and steel balls 206 are distributed throughout the grooves 2022. A long needle roller 2023 is provided at the right end of the eccentric positioning body 202.

[0036] Reference Figure 6 As shown, a set of positioning holes 3031 is provided at every ten degrees on the left end of the positioning disk 301. The positioning disk 301 has a total of thirty-six sets of positioning holes 3031. The opening depth of the positioning holes 3031 is not consistent. An external spiral groove 3032 is provided at the right end of the positioning disk 301.

[0037] Reference Figure 6 As shown, the inner hole at the left end of the threaded sleeve 302 is provided with an inner spiral groove 3041. The inner spiral groove 3041 and the outer spiral groove 3032 cooperate with each other to complete the rotational movement.

[0038] Reference Figure 6 As shown, an oil injection hole 4031 is provided on the outer wall of the balance cylinder 403. Hydraulic oil is injected into the tool cavity through the oil injection hole 4031.

[0039] In specific implementation, the right end of the upper connector 101 is threadedly connected to the left end of the upper cylinder 104. The piston 102 is located inside the upper cylinder 104, and the piston spring 103 is sleeved on the piston 102. By applying pressure, the piston 102 drives the piston spring 103 to reciprocate. The left end of the intermediate cylinder 201 is threadedly connected to the right end of the upper cylinder 104. The splined mandrel 203 is installed inside the intermediate cylinder 201, passing through the entire inner eccentric positioning assembly 2 and the rotating assembly 3. The inner eccentric bearing 205 and the intermediate spring 204 are sleeved on the splined mandrel 203, and the eccentric positioning body 202 is sleeved on the inner eccentric bearing 205 and the intermediate spring 204. When the piston reciprocates, it drives the inner eccentric bearing 205, the intermediate spring 204, and the eccentric positioning body 202 to reciprocate. The rightmost end of the splined mandrel 203 has a stepped surface 2031.

[0040] The eccentric positioning body 202 has a rotating structure with three broken rings 2021 on its side. Each ring 2021 has a groove 2022 on its surface, and the steel ball 206 fills the entire groove 2022. A long needle roller 2023 is connected to the right end of the rotating body. The right end of the positioning disc 301 is installed inside the left end of the cylinder with a threaded sleeve 302. The left end of the threaded sleeve 302 is connected to the right end of the middle cylinder 201 by a thread. The left end of the positioning disc 301 has 36 positioning holes 3031 at 10° intervals, with each hole 3031 having a different depth. The right end of the positioning disc 301 is covered with external spiral grooves 3032. The inner hole of the left end of the threaded sleeve 302 is covered with internal spiral grooves 3041. The internal and external spiral grooves work together to complete the rotational movement. The left end of the lower cylinder 402 is threadedly connected to the right end of the threaded sleeve 302. The return spring 401 is mounted on the splined spindle 203. The left end of the lower spindle 406 is threadedly connected to the right end of the splined spindle 203. The right end of the lower cylinder 402 is threadedly connected to the left end of the balance cylinder 403. The balance piston 404 is mounted inside the balance cylinder 403. The right end of the balance cylinder 403 is threadedly connected to the left end of the balance connector 405. The balance connector 405 is threadedly connected to the left end of the lower connector 407. After depressurization, the piston 102 and the eccentric positioning body 202 return to their initial positions under the action of the balance piston 404 and the return spring 401.

[0041] When the nozzle and eccentric positioning body 202 are pre-set on the ground at 270°, there will be no resistance when the eccentric positioning body 202 is inserted, and it will be fully inserted without any rotation of the positioning disk 301. After insertion, when the nozzle is at 0° (directly above), the hole depth of the positioning disk 301 is 9 / 36L. When the eccentric positioning body 202 is inserted, it will drive the positioning disk 301 to move a distance of 27 / 36L, i.e., a 270° rotation. During orientation, only the eccentric positioning body 202 has a constant 180° orientation. This constant is used to establish the rotation angle variable through the hole depth of the positioning disk 301.

[0042] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 10° ABP precision directional sand jet perforating tool characterized by, The system includes a drive assembly (1), an inner eccentric positioning assembly (2), an inner rotating assembly (3), and a hydraulic balancing assembly (4). The inner eccentric positioning assembly (2) is located on one side of the drive assembly (1), the inner rotating assembly (3) is located on one side of the inner eccentric positioning assembly (2), and the hydraulic balancing assembly (4) is located on one side of the inner rotating assembly (3). The inner eccentric positioning assembly (2) includes an intermediate cylinder (201), an eccentric positioning body (202), a splined mandrel (203), an intermediate spring (204), an inner eccentric bearing (205), and a steel ball (206). The left side of the intermediate cylinder (201) is connected to the right side of the upper cylinder (104) by a thread. The splined mandrel (203) is located inside the intermediate cylinder (201), penetrating the entire inner eccentric positioning assembly (2) and inner rotating assembly (3). The inner eccentric bearing (205) and intermediate spring (204) are located outside the splined mandrel (203). The inner eccentric bearing (205) is located at the right end of the piston (102). The eccentric positioning body (202) is located outside the inner eccentric bearing (205) and intermediate spring (204). The inner rotating assembly (3) includes a positioning disc (301), a threaded sleeve (302), and an elastic retaining ring (303). The left end face of the elastic retaining ring (303) is located on the intermediate spring (204). At the right end, the right end of the positioning disc (301) is located in the inner cavity of the left end of the sleeve (302), and the left end of the sleeve (302) is connected to the right end of the intermediate cylinder (201) by a thread; the hydraulic balance assembly (4) includes a return spring (401), a lower cylinder (402), a balance cylinder (403), a balance piston (404), a balance connector (405), a lower spindle (406), a lower connector (407), an oil filler plug (408), and a bearing (409). The left end of the lower cylinder (402) is connected to the right end of the sleeve (302) by a thread, and the return spring (401) is located on the outside of the spline spindle (203). The left end of (401) is located inside the screw sleeve (302) and the right end of the positioning plate (301). The bearing (409) is located on the stepped surface (2031) of the right end of the spline mandrel (203). The left end of the lower mandrel (406) is connected to the right end of the spline mandrel (203) by a thread. The right end of the lower cylinder (402) is connected to the left end of the balance cylinder (403) by a thread. The balance piston (404) is located in the inner cavity of the balance cylinder (403). The right end of the balance cylinder (403) is connected to the left end of the balance connector (405) by a thread. The balance connector (405) is connected to the left end of the lower connector (407) by a thread.

2. A 10° ABP precision directional sand jet perforator tool as defined in claim 1, wherein, The drive assembly (1) includes an upper connector (101), a piston (102), a piston spring (103), and an upper cylinder (104). The right side of the upper connector (101) is connected to the left side of the upper cylinder (104) by a thread. The piston (102) is located inside the upper cylinder (104), and the piston spring (103) is located outside the piston (102).

3. A 10° ABP precision directional sand jet perforator tool as defined in claim 1, wherein, The right end of the spline mandrel (203) is provided with a set of stepped surfaces (2031).

4. A 10° ABP precision directional sand jet perforator tool as defined in claim 1, wherein, The eccentric positioning body (202) has a rotating structure. The side of the eccentric positioning body (202) consists of three sets of broken rings (2021). The surface of the rings (2021) is provided with grooves (2022). The steel balls (206) are distributed throughout the grooves (2022). The right end of the eccentric positioning body (202) is provided with long needle rollers (2023).

5. The 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning disk (301) has a set of positioning holes (3031) every ten degrees on the left end, and the positioning disk (301) has a total of thirty-six sets of positioning holes (3031). The opening depth of the positioning holes (3031) is not consistent. The positioning disk (301) has an outer spiral groove (3032) on the right end.

6. The 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner hole at the left end of the threaded sleeve (302) is provided with an inner spiral groove (3041).

7. The 10° ABP precision directional sandblasting perforation tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the balance cylinder (403) is provided with an oil injection hole (4031).

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