Abnormal operation control method of anti-surge device of marine gas turbine

Abstract

The present application discloses a method for controlling abnormal operation of an anti-surge device of a marine gas turbine, relating to the field of marine gas turbines. In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase or decrease power according to a target power change rate, the method: when a low-pressure bleed valve in the marine gas turbine's anti-surge device is detected to be malfunctioning, the marine gas turbine is controlled to continue increasing or decreasing power within the operating range of the low-pressure bleed valve and at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate; and / or when a rotatable guide vane in the marine gas turbine's anti-surge device is detected to be malfunctioning, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop continuing to increase or decrease power until the rotatable guide vane resumes normal operation. This abnormal operation control method can ensure the power output of the marine gas turbine when an abnormality occurs in the anti-surge device and under special circumstances of power demand output, and is of great significance to the reliable and efficient operation of the marine gas turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of marine gas turbines, and in particular to a method for controlling abnormal operation of an anti-surge device of a marine gas turbine. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of a gas turbine, due to the inconsistency between the airflow parameters and the blade geometric parameters, flow instability phenomena such as rotating stall and surge may occur. Once surge occurs, the unit will vibrate violently, causing blade breakage, component damage, etc., which will cause serious harm to the gas turbine.

[0003] Therefore, most gas turbines are currently equipped with anti-surge devices. Common anti-surge devices mainly include low-pressure bleed valves and variable guide vanes. The low-pressure bleed valve and variable guide vanes operate according to the operating conditions of the gas turbine to prevent the gas turbine from surging, thereby improving the operating stability and safety of the gas turbine. However, during the operation of the gas turbine, when the operating conditions of the gas turbine change repeatedly, the anti-surge device will continue to operate, which can easily lead to abnormal operation of the anti-surge device itself. Once an abnormality occurs, the anti-surge device will not function normally, causing the gas turbine to continue to be affected by surge. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above-mentioned problems and technical requirements, the applicant has proposed a method for controlling abnormal operation of an anti-surge device of a marine gas turbine. The technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0005] A method for controlling abnormal operation of an anti-surge device of a marine gas turbine, the method comprising: during a process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase or decrease power according to a target power change rate:

[0006] When a low-pressure bleed valve in an anti-surge device of a marine gas turbine is detected to be operating abnormally, the marine gas turbine is controlled to continue increasing or decreasing power within the operating range of the low-pressure bleed valve at a power change rate lower than a target power change rate;

[0007] and / or;

[0008] When it is detected that the guide vanes in the anti-surge device of the marine gas turbine are working abnormally, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop increasing the power or reduce the power until the guide vanes resume normal operation.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the low-pressure bleed valve is opened when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor of the marine gas turbine is within a pressure range from a first pressure to a second pressure, and is closed under other circumstances; the method for controlling and adjusting the power change rate of the marine gas turbine includes:

[0010] When the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the first pressure and the opening of the low-pressure bleed valve is not detected, controlling the marine gas turbine to increase the power corresponding to the first pressure to the power corresponding to the second pressure at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate;

[0011] When the power of the marine gas turbine is reduced to the power corresponding to the second pressure and the opening of the low-pressure bleed valve is not detected, the marine gas turbine is controlled to reduce the power corresponding to the second pressure to the power corresponding to the first pressure at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the abnormal operation control method further includes:

[0013] When the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the second pressure, regardless of whether the closing of the low-pressure bleed valve is detected, the marine gas turbine is controlled to resume increasing the power according to the target power change rate.

[0014] Its further technical solution is that when controlling the marine gas turbine to reduce the power corresponding to the second pressure to the power corresponding to the first pressure at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate, the time from the opening of the low-pressure air release valve to the empty state is not less than a predetermined time.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the opening angle of the guide vane rotates within an angle range from a minimum opening angle to a maximum opening angle when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor of the marine gas turbine is within a pressure range from a third pressure to a fourth pressure; and the abnormal operation control method includes:

[0016] When the power of the marine gas turbine is increased to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure and the rotatable guide vanes are not detected to rotate to the maximum opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop further increasing the power until the rotatable guide vanes rotate to the maximum opening angle and then resume increasing the power;

[0017] When the power of the marine gas turbine is reduced to the power corresponding to the third pressure and the rotatable guide vanes are not detected to rotate to the minimum opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop further reducing the power until the rotatable guide vanes rotate to the minimum opening angle and then resume reducing the power.

[0018] A further technical solution is that the abnormal operation control method further includes:

[0019] When the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the third pressure, and it is detected that the guide vanes maintain the minimum opening angle and do not start to rotate to increase the opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to continue to increase the power corresponding to the third pressure to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure according to the target power.

[0020] A further technical solution is that the abnormal operation control method further includes:

[0021] When the power of the marine gas turbine is reduced to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure, and it is detected that the guide vanes maintain the maximum opening angle and do not start to rotate to reduce the opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to continue to reduce the power corresponding to the third pressure to the power corresponding to the third pressure according to the target power.

[0022] The beneficial technical effects of this application are:

[0023] The present application discloses a method for controlling abnormal operation of an anti-surge device of a marine gas turbine. The abnormal operation control method can ensure the power output of the marine gas turbine under special circumstances of power demand output when an abnormality occurs in the anti-surge device, which is of great significance to the reliable and efficient operation of the marine gas turbine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a method flow chart of the abnormal operation control method in one embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling abnormal operation of a low-pressure bleed valve in a process of controlling a marine gas turbine to increase power according to a target power change rate in one embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling abnormal operation of a low-pressure bleed valve in a process of controlling a marine gas turbine to reduce power according to a target power change rate in one embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method for controlling abnormal operation of a switchable guide vane during the process of controlling a marine gas turbine to increase power according to a target power change rate in one embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling abnormal operation of a switchable guide vane during the process of controlling a marine gas turbine to reduce power according to a target power change rate in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of this application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] The present application discloses a method for controlling abnormal operation of an anti-surge device for a marine gas turbine. The method is applicable to a marine gas turbine including an anti-surge device, the anti-surge device comprising a low-pressure bleed valve and / or a rotatable guide vane. During the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase or decrease power according to a target power change rate, when it is determined that the low-pressure bleed valve and the rotatable guide vane are operating normally, the marine gas turbine is controlled to increase or decrease power according to the target power change rate to adjust the operating condition.

[0031] When it is determined that the low-pressure air release valve is working abnormally or the guide vane is working abnormally, control is performed according to the abnormal operation control method of this application, including, please refer to Figure 1 The flowchart shown:

[0032] 1. When it is detected that the low-pressure bleed valve in the anti-surge device of the marine gas turbine is operating abnormally, the marine gas turbine is controlled to continue to increase or decrease power within the operating range of the low-pressure bleed valve at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate.

[0033] When the low-pressure bleed valve is operating normally, it opens when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor of the marine gas turbine is within the pressure range from the first pressure to the second pressure, and closes in other cases. When it is detected that the low-pressure bleed valve does not open and close in this way, it is determined that the low-pressure bleed valve has an abnormal operation. Common abnormal conditions of the low-pressure bleed valve include: (1) In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase power, it does not open normally at the power corresponding to the first pressure after the high-pressure compressor. (2) In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase power, it does not close normally at the power corresponding to the second pressure after the high-pressure compressor. (3) In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to reduce power, it does not open normally at the power corresponding to the second pressure after the high-pressure compressor. (4) In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to reduce power, it does not close normally at the power corresponding to the first pressure after the high-pressure compressor. Controlling the marine gas turbine to continue to increase or decrease power at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate within the working range of the low-pressure bleed valve includes:

[0034] (a) Please refer to Figure 2 In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase power, when the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the first pressure and the opening of the low-pressure bleed valve is not detected, the marine gas turbine is controlled to increase from the power corresponding to the first pressure to the power corresponding to the second pressure at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate.

[0035] When the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the second pressure, regardless of whether the low-pressure bleed valve is detected to be closed, the marine gas turbine is controlled to resume increasing power at the target power rate. In other words, even if the low-pressure bleed valve does not close normally when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor reaches the power corresponding to the second pressure, the marine gas turbine is allowed to continue increasing power at the target power rate, thereby ensuring high-power operation and guaranteed output of the marine gas turbine.

[0036] (b) Please refer to Figure 3 In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to reduce power, when the power of the marine gas turbine is reduced to the power corresponding to the second pressure and the opening of the low-pressure bleed valve is not detected, the marine gas turbine is controlled to reduce the power corresponding to the second pressure to the power corresponding to the first pressure at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate.

[0037] When controlling a marine gas turbine to reduce the power corresponding to the second pressure to the power corresponding to the first pressure at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate, the power must be reduced at a very slow power change rate so that the time from the opening of the low-pressure bleed valve to the empty state is not less than a predetermined time, such as the commonly used predetermined time of 120s.

[0038] 2. When it is detected that the guide vanes in the anti-surge device of the marine gas turbine are working abnormally, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop increasing the power or reduce the power until the guide vanes resume normal operation.

[0039] When the guide vane is operating normally, its opening angle rotates within the angle range of the minimum opening angle to the maximum opening angle when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor of the marine gas turbine is within the pressure range of the third pressure to the fourth pressure. When the pressure after the high-pressure compressor of the marine gas turbine is at the third pressure, the guide vane is at the minimum opening angle. When the pressure after the high-pressure compressor of the marine gas turbine is at the fourth pressure, the guide vane is at the maximum opening angle. When it is detected that the guide vane does not operate in accordance with the requirements, it is determined that the guide vane is operating abnormally. Common abnormal conditions of the guide vane include: (1) In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase power, the guide vane does not start to rotate and increase the opening angle when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor reaches the power corresponding to the third pressure. (2) In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase power, the guide vane does not remain at the increased opening angle when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor reaches the power corresponding to the fourth pressure. (3) During the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to reduce power, the guide vanes do not start to rotate and reduce the opening angle when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor drops to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure. (4) During the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to reduce power, the guide vanes do not remain at the minimum opening angle when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor drops to the power corresponding to the third pressure. The marine gas turbine is controlled to stop increasing or reducing power until the guide vanes resume normal operation, including:

[0040] (a) Please refer to Figure 4 In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase power, when the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the third pressure, and it is detected that the guide vanes maintain the minimum opening angle and do not start to rotate to increase the opening angle, the marine gas turbine is still controlled to continue to increase the power from the power corresponding to the third pressure to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure according to the target power.

[0041] When the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure and the rotatable guide vanes are not detected to rotate to the maximum opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop increasing the power until the rotatable guide vanes rotate to the maximum opening angle and then resume increasing the power.

[0042] (b) Please refer to Figure 5 In the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to reduce power, when the power of the marine gas turbine is reduced to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure, and it is detected that the guide vanes maintain the maximum opening angle and do not start to rotate to reduce the opening angle, the marine gas turbine is still controlled to continue to reduce the power from the power corresponding to the third pressure to the power corresponding to the third pressure according to the target power.

[0043] If the marine gas turbine power is reduced to the power corresponding to the third pressure and the guide vanes are not detected to have rotated to their minimum opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop further power reduction until the guide vanes rotate to their minimum opening angle. To shut down the marine gas turbine, the marine gas turbine must be cooled at this power level for 600 seconds and the "Emergency Stop" button must be pressed to stop the marine gas turbine.

[0044] In one example, the anti-surge device for a certain model of marine gas turbine includes a low-pressure bleed valve and rotatable guide vanes. The low-pressure bleed valve opens when the pressure at the high-pressure compressor outlet is between 0.4 MPa and 1.0 MPa, and closes within the remaining pressure range. The rotatable guide vanes maintain their minimum opening angle when the pressure at the high-pressure compressor outlet does not exceed 1.1 MPa, and their maximum opening angle when the pressure reaches 1.6 MPa. They rotate when the pressure at the high-pressure compressor outlet is between 1.1 MPa and 1.6 MPa.

[0045] (a) During the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase power according to the target power change rate, when the power corresponding to 0.4 MPa is reached and the opening of the low-pressure air bleed valve is not detected, the power change rate is reduced and the power is increased at a relatively slow speed until the power reaches the power corresponding to 1.0 MPa (approximately 15 MW). After that, the power is restored to continue increasing power according to the target power change rate and operation is carried out.

[0046] When the power corresponding to 1.1 MPa is reached but the guide vanes are not detected rotating to increase their opening angle, to reduce errors, a detection and judgment can be performed within the power range. For example, within the power range corresponding to 1.1 MPa to 1.2 MPa, the guide vanes can be detected to determine whether they are rotating to increase their opening angle. The marine gas turbine is controlled to continue increasing power at the target power change rate until the power corresponding to 1.6 MPa is reached. If the guide vanes are detected to be at their maximum opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to continue increasing power at the target power change rate. If the guide vanes are detected to have not reached their maximum opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop increasing power. The marine gas turbine can only be controlled to increase power when the guide vanes rotate to their maximum opening angle.

[0047] (b) During the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to reduce power at a target power rate of change, if the power reduction reaches 1.6 MPa and the guide vanes are not detected to have rotated to reduce their opening angle, to reduce errors, detection and judgment can be performed within a power range. For example, within the power range of 1.6 MPa to 1.55 MPa, detection can be performed to determine whether the guide vanes have rotated to reduce their opening angle. The marine gas turbine is controlled to continue reducing power at the target power rate of change until the power reduction reaches 1.1 MPa. If it is detected that the guide vanes are at their minimum opening angle at this time, the marine gas turbine is controlled to continue reducing power at the target power rate of change. If it is detected that the guide vanes have not reached their minimum opening angle at this time, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop reducing power. Control of the marine gas turbine to reduce power can only resume when the guide vanes rotate to their minimum opening angle.

[0048] When the power reduction reaches the power corresponding to 1.0MPa and the opening of the low-pressure air release valve is not detected, the power change rate is reduced and the power is continued to be reduced at a very slow speed.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. It is understood that other improvements and variations directly derived or imagined by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and concept of the present application should be considered to be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling abnormal operation of an anti-surge device of a marine gas turbine, characterized in that: The abnormal operation control method includes, in the process of controlling the marine gas turbine to increase power or decrease power according to the target power change rate: When a low-pressure bleed valve in an anti-surge device of the marine gas turbine is detected to be malfunctioning, controlling the marine gas turbine to continue increasing or decreasing power within an operating range of the low-pressure bleed valve at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate; and / or; When it is detected that the rotatable guide vanes in the anti-surge device of the marine gas turbine are working abnormally, controlling the marine gas turbine to stop increasing power or reducing power until the rotatable guide vanes resume normal operation; The low-pressure bleed valve is opened when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor of the marine gas turbine is within a pressure range from a first pressure to a second pressure, and is closed in other cases. The method for controlling and adjusting the power change rate of the marine gas turbine comprises: when the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the first pressure and the opening of the low-pressure bleed valve is not detected, controlling the marine gas turbine to increase the power corresponding to the first pressure to the power corresponding to the second pressure at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate; when the power of the marine gas turbine decreases to the power corresponding to the second pressure and the opening of the low-pressure bleed valve is not detected, controlling the marine gas turbine to decrease the power corresponding to the second pressure to the power corresponding to the first pressure at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate; The abnormal operation control method further includes: when the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the second pressure, regardless of whether the low-pressure bleed valve is detected to be closed, controlling the marine gas turbine to resume increasing the power according to the target power change rate.

2. The abnormal operation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When controlling the marine gas turbine to reduce the power corresponding to the second pressure to the power corresponding to the first pressure at a power change rate lower than the target power change rate, the time from the opening of the low-pressure bleed valve to the idle state is not less than a predetermined time.

3. The abnormal operation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening angle of the rotatable guide vane rotates within an angle range from a minimum opening angle to a maximum opening angle when the pressure after the high-pressure compressor of the marine gas turbine is within a pressure range from a third pressure to a fourth pressure; The abnormal operation control method includes: When the power of the marine gas turbine is increased to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure and the rotatable guide vanes are not detected to rotate to the maximum opening angle, controlling the marine gas turbine to stop increasing the power until the rotatable guide vanes rotate to the maximum opening angle and then resuming increasing the power; When the power of the marine gas turbine is reduced to the power corresponding to the third pressure and the rotatable guide vanes are not detected to rotate to the minimum opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to stop further reducing the power until the rotatable guide vanes rotate to the minimum opening angle and then resume reducing the power.

4. The abnormal operation control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The abnormal operation control method further includes: When the power of the marine gas turbine increases to the power corresponding to the third pressure, and it is detected that the rotatable guide vane maintains the minimum opening angle and does not start to rotate to increase the opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to continue to increase the power corresponding to the third pressure to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure according to the target power.

5. The abnormal operation control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The abnormal operation control method further includes: When the power of the marine gas turbine is reduced to the power corresponding to the fourth pressure, and it is detected that the rotatable guide vane maintains the maximum opening angle and does not start to rotate to reduce the opening angle, the marine gas turbine is controlled to continue to reduce the power corresponding to the third pressure to the power corresponding to the third pressure according to the target power.

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